CN112644238A - 悬架推力轴承装置以及配备有这种装置的悬架支柱 - Google Patents

悬架推力轴承装置以及配备有这种装置的悬架支柱 Download PDF

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CN112644238A
CN112644238A CN202011071363.6A CN202011071363A CN112644238A CN 112644238 A CN112644238 A CN 112644238A CN 202011071363 A CN202011071363 A CN 202011071363A CN 112644238 A CN112644238 A CN 112644238A
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suspension
thrust bearing
shock
bearing member
annular groove
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泽维尔·布兰查德
托马斯·勒平
布鲁诺·蒙博夫
乔丹·雷诺登
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C27/00Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C27/08Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement primarily for axial load, e.g. for vertically-arranged shafts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/067Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/07Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper the damper being connected to the stub axle and the spring being arranged around the damper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/062Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper the spring being arranged around the damper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/067Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
    • B60G15/068Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit specially adapted for MacPherson strut-type suspension
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/16Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583Details of specific parts of races
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10Type of spring
    • B60G2202/12Wound spring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/30Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units
    • B60G2202/31Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units with the spring arranged around the damper, e.g. MacPherson strut
    • B60G2202/312The spring being a wound spring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/124Mounting of coil springs
    • B60G2204/1242Mounting of coil springs on a damper, e.g. MacPerson strut
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/128Damper mount on vehicle body or chassis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/418Bearings, e.g. ball or roller bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/45Stops limiting travel
    • B60G2204/4502Stops limiting travel using resilient buffer
    • B60G2204/45021Stops limiting travel using resilient buffer for limiting upper mount movement of a McPherson strut
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/013Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs with embedded inserts for material reinforcement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/70Materials used in suspensions
    • B60G2206/71Light weight materials
    • B60G2206/7101Fiber-reinforced plastics [FRP]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/70Materials used in suspensions
    • B60G2206/73Rubber; Elastomers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/10Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for axial load mainly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/20Application independent of particular apparatuses related to type of movement
    • F16C2300/28Reciprocating movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/05Vehicle suspensions, e.g. bearings, pivots or connecting rods used therein
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/588Races of sheet metal

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种与车辆的汽车悬架支柱中的悬架弹簧(3)一起使用的悬架推力轴承装置(10)。所述装置包括:轴承(20、30、40),具有相对旋转的上环形轴承构件(20、42)和下环形轴承构件(30、41);以及减震元件(70),由弹性材料制成,且介于下环形轴承构件(30、41)与悬架弹簧之间。减震元件包括至少一个偏转凸缘(73),该至少一个偏转凸缘用于减少水和其他污染物进入所述上环形轴承构件与所述下环形轴承构件之间。减震元件设置有在轴向上朝向悬架弹簧开口的环形槽(74),环形槽在内侧在径向上限定弹簧支撑表面(75)且在外侧在径向上限定偏转凸缘。偏转凸缘具有在轴向上指向悬架弹簧的截头圆锥形形状。

Description

悬架推力轴承装置以及配备有这种装置的悬架支柱
技术领域
本发明涉及一种悬架推力轴承装置(suspension thrust bearing device),特别是麦弗逊式悬架推力轴承装置(“麦弗逊(MacPherson Suspension)式悬架轴承单元”或MSBU)。本发明还涉及一种用于机动车辆的支柱,所述支柱包括减震器和这种悬架推力轴承装置。本发明的技术领域是悬架系统的技术领域,尤其是机动车辆悬架系统的技术领域。
背景技术
按照已知的方式,机动车辆悬架系统包括支撑轮轴和车轮的悬架支柱(suspension strut)。悬架推力轴承装置布置在所述悬架支柱的上部中,与车轮和地面相对,并且位于悬架弹簧与附接于车辆底盘(/车架)的上支撑块之间。
悬架推力轴承装置包括至少一个轴承(例如,滚动轴承),所述至少一个轴承包括绕着主轴线相对旋转的上环形轴承构件和下环形轴承构件。
悬架推力轴承装置能够实现在弹簧与车辆的车身之间传递轴向力,并且同时允许可旋转运动的弹簧与附接于车身的固定支撑块之间的相对角运动。
悬架推力轴承装置的减震功能可以通过使用由弹性材料制成并且安装在下杯(/杯状件/下圈)(cup)与悬架弹簧之间的减震元件(/阻尼元件)(damping element)来改善。
这种悬架推力轴承装置(尤其是MSBU式悬架推力轴承装置)需要在侵蚀性(aggressive)环境中使用。例如,车辆可能在被水淹没的(/水淹的)(flooded)、满是灰尘的或泥泞的道路上行驶,然后用高压喷射机(high-pressure cater jet)清洁。在这些状况下,水或其他污染颗粒的可能会进入支柱中,尤其是轴承中,对它们的使用寿命(/服务寿命)(service life)和它们的各种性能具有不良影响(/有害影响/损伤影响)(harmfulconsequences)。
在这方面,从文献US 2008/0031562A1知晓,提供了一种从减震元件大致在径向上延伸的偏转凸缘(/变向凸缘)(deflecting flange),所述凸缘被设计为形成用于减少水和其他污染物进入悬架推力轴承装置内部的导流件(flow deflector)。
然而,悬架弹簧到减震元件上的轴向载荷可能会引起所述元件的轴向变形和径向变形。更具体地,已经观察到,偏斜凸缘朝向上杯(/上杯状件/上圈)向上移动。这种不期望的凸缘位移导致与上杯接触,并且然后增加悬架推力轴承装置扭矩并且对装置性能产生负面影响。偏转凸缘和上杯可能会磨损并且具有缩短的使用寿命。它还导致必须禁止的额外噪音。偏转凸缘还可以朝向悬架支柱的下侧向下移动,从而导致密封性能的下降(loss)。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过提出一种增强的悬架推力轴承装置来克服这些缺点。期望提供一种相对便宜、具有良好的操作可靠性并且具有增加的使用寿命的悬架推力轴承装置。
为此,本发明涉及一种与车辆的汽车(/机动汽车)悬架支柱中的悬架弹簧一起使用的悬架推力轴承装置。
所述悬架推力轴承装置包括轴承,所述轴承具有相对旋转的上环形轴承构件和下环形轴承构件。
所述悬架推力轴承装置还包括减震元件(damping element),所述减震元件由弹性材料制成,并且具有介于所述下环形轴承构件与所述悬架弹簧之间的径向部分。所述减震元件还包括至少一个偏转凸缘(deflecting flange),所述至少一个偏转凸缘从径向部分向外并且大致在径向上(/径向地)延伸,用于减少水和其他污染物进入所述上环形轴承构件与所述下环形轴承构件之间。
根据本发明,减震元件的所述径向部分具有材料轴向厚度L1;减震元件的径向凸缘的上侧设置有上环形槽,所述环形槽接纳从下环形轴承构件在轴向上(/沿轴向/轴向地)(axially)向下延伸的突出部分,减震元件在所述环形槽的水平(/高度)(level)处具有材料轴向厚度L2;并且所述减震元件的下侧设置有在轴向上朝向所述悬架弹簧开口的下环形槽,所述环形槽在内侧在径向上限定弹簧支撑表面,并且在外侧在径向上限定所述偏转凸缘(deflecting flange),减震元件具有限定在所述下环形槽与所述下环形轴承构件之间的材料轴向厚度L3以及限定在所述下环形槽与所述上环形槽之间的材料径向厚度L4。
所述减震元件使得:L2与L1之间的比严格小于1;L3与L1之间的比严格小于1;并且L4与L1之间的比小于或等于1。
根据本发明的有利但非强制性的另一方面,这种悬架推力轴承装置可以包含以下特征中的一个或几个:
所述悬架推力轴承装置包括轴承,所述轴承具有:第一圈,固定于上盖,以形成所述悬架推力轴承的上环形轴承构件;以及第二圈,固定于下盖,以形成所述悬架推力轴承的下环形轴承构件。
所述第一圈和所述第二圈由冲压金属片(stamped metal sheet)制成。
所述上盖和所述下盖由刚性塑料材料制成。
所述上盖和/或所述下盖可以包括加强插入件。
所述上盖和/或所述下盖包覆成型到加强插入件上。
所述轴承是滚动轴承,所述第一圈和所述第二圈在它们之间限定环形滚动腔室,并且在所述滚动腔室内布置有至少一列滚动元件。
所述滚动元件是球。
所述偏转凸缘具有在轴向上指向(/朝向)(axially directed towards)所述悬架弹簧的截头圆锥形形状(frustoconical shape)。
偏转凸缘设置有肩部,所述肩部径向抵接下环形轴承构件的前表面。
肩部是环形的。
L4与L2之间的比小于或等于1。
所述减震元件直接成型在所述下环形轴承构件上。
所述减震元件包括橡胶热塑性弹性体(TPE),特别地,橡胶热塑性弹性体(TPE)为热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)、熔融可加工型弹性体(melt processible elastomer)(MPE)或弹性体多孔泡沫(elastomer cellular foam)。
本发明还涉及一种机动车辆悬架支柱,所述机动车辆悬架支柱包括减震器杆、悬架弹簧和如上所述的悬架推力轴承装置。
附图说明
现在将结合附图作为说明性示例来解释本发明,而不限制本发明的对象。在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的第一实施方式的悬架支柱的截面图,所述悬架支柱包括也根据本发明的第一实施方式的悬架推力轴承单元以及减震器杆和悬架弹簧;以及
图2是图1的悬架推力轴承装置的详细截面图。
具体实施方式
在图1中部分示出的悬架支柱(/悬挂支柱)(suspension strut)1被结合到机动车辆悬架系统中。悬架支柱1支撑车辆轮轴(axle)和车轮,为了简化的目的,未示出车辆轮轴和车轮。悬架支柱1沿着主轴线X1延伸,当车辆的车轮停在平坦地面上时,主轴线X1位于大致竖直的方向上。悬架支柱1包括减震器活塞(/阻尼器活塞)(damper piston)、螺旋悬架弹簧(/线圈悬架弹簧)3和悬架推力轴承装置10,减震器活塞包括活塞主体和(有)轴线X2的减震器杆(/阻尼器杆)(damper rod)2。图1中部分地示出了杆2和弹簧3,而为了简化的目的,未示出活塞主体。
具有主轴线X10的悬架推力轴承装置10安装在连接到机动车辆的底盘(/车架)(chassis)的支撑块(未示出)与弹簧3之间。如图1所示,当车辆的悬架系统处于静止时,轴线X2和轴线X10与主轴线X1重合。
在下文中,形容词“轴向”和“径向”是相对于环形推力轴承装置10的主轴线X10来定义的。
悬架推力轴承装置10包括上盖(cap)20、下盖30和单个滚动轴承40。在该实施方式中,这三个组件20、30和40具有绕着主轴线X40的总体上(globally)圆形形状,当车辆的悬架系统处于静止时,主轴线X40与主轴线X10重合。
上盖20包括由塑料合成材料制成(例如由聚酰胺制成,可选的是利用玻璃纤维增强)的单件式部件(one-piece part)。上盖20具有:在径向上(/径向地/沿径向)延伸的凸缘(/挡边)(flange)21;在轴向上延伸的内毂(/内轮毂)(inner hub)22,直径相对较小并且朝向悬架推力轴承装置10的下侧延伸;以及在轴向上延伸的外裙(/外裙缘)23,直径相对较大并且朝向悬架推力轴承装置10的下侧延伸。内毂22限定用于悬架推力轴承装置10的其中安装减震器杆2的内孔24。
上盖20专用于固定于机动车辆底盘的支撑块。
滚动轴承40包括:内圈41,是压制的金属片(/金属薄板/金属薄板)(pressedsheet meta);外圈42,也是压制的金属片;一列滚动元件43,这里,滚动元件43是球;以及保持架44,用于保持滚动元件43之间的规则的周向间隔。滚动元件43布置在由内圈41的圆环(/环形)部分形成的滚道与由外圈42的圆环部分形成的滚道之间限定的滚动腔室(rollingchamber)中。
作为未示出的替代方案,不需要使用滚动元件,而是在使用合适的低摩擦材料、涂层或润滑剂的情况下,可以使内圈和外圈直接彼此接触。
滚动轴承40整体在径向上位于上盖20的内毂22与外裙23之间。内圈41装配在下盖30的圆环内部内。内圈41和下盖30形成下环形轴承构件。外圈42装配到设置在上盖20的凸缘21的下侧的圆环外部上。外圈42和上盖20形成上环形轴承构件。上环形轴承构件和下环形轴承构件相对于轴线X40相对旋转。
下盖30包括在轴向上延伸的毂31,毂31限定内孔33,杆2在内孔33中在轴向上延伸。下盖30还包括从所述毂31在径向上向外延伸的径向凸缘32。支撑滚动轴承40的内圈41的圆环外部设置在所述径向凸缘32的上表面上。
下盖30包括沿着毂31和凸缘32延伸的加强插入件(/加强嵌入物)(stiffeninginsert)34,以支撑由弹簧3施加的载荷和冲击。加强插入件可以是金属或刚性塑料。作为未示出的替代方案,上盖20也可以包括加强插入件。
内密封装置(inner sealing means)50设置在下盖30的径向凸缘32的内周与上盖20的内毂22之间。外密封装置60设置在下盖30的径向凸缘32的外周与上盖20的外裙23之间。
下盖30还设置有由弹性材料制成的减震元件70,以能够过滤振动。
减震元件70包括径向部分71和管状轴向部分72。径向部分71紧密地紧固到下盖30的径向凸缘32的下侧。径向部分71包括用于以支承接触的方式接纳悬架弹簧3的端匝的下径向侧。减震元件70的所述径向部分71支撑来自悬架弹簧3的轴向载荷和冲击。
管状轴向部分72从径向部分71朝向悬架推力轴承装置10的下侧在轴向上延伸。所述管状轴向部分72紧密地紧固到下盖30的毂31的外圆柱形表面。减震元件70的所述管状轴向部分72支撑来自悬架弹簧2的径向载荷和冲击。
减震元件70的管状轴向部分72和径向部分71连接在一起,以覆盖下盖30的轴向毂31和径向凸缘32的外表面。
减震元件70由弹性材料(诸如,橡胶热塑性弹性体(TPE)、特别地,热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)、熔融可加工型弹性体(melt processible elastomer)(MPE)或弹性体多孔泡沫(elastomer cellular foam))制成。
有利的是,减震元件70包覆成型(overmould)到下盖30上。作为另一种选择,减震元件通过任合合适的方式(诸如,胶水)固定到下盖30。
减震元件70还包括偏转凸缘(变向凸缘)(deflecting flange)73,以防止水和污染物进入装置10内部,并且更特别地,防止水和污染物进入轴承40内部。偏转凸缘73使径向部分71从大直径边缘开始在径向上向外延伸。偏转凸缘73在径向上向外延伸超出下盖30的径向凸缘32的大直径边缘。有利地,偏斜凸缘73至少按照与上盖20的外裙23相同的直径在径向上向外延伸。
根据本发明的有利实施方式,偏转凸缘73具有在轴向上指向装置10的下侧的截头圆锥形(frustoconical)形状。
减震元件70和偏转凸缘73一体形成,偏转凸缘有利地成型(/被模制)(molded)。
减震元件70的下侧还设置有下环形槽(/凹槽)74,下环形槽74在轴向上朝向悬架弹簧3开口。更确切地说,由偏转凸缘73延伸的径向部分71的下侧设置有所述环形槽74。
所述下环形槽74在内侧沿径向限定弹簧支撑表面75,并且在外侧沿径向限定所述偏转凸缘73。换句话说,环形槽74使偏转凸缘73与悬架弹簧3施加轴向载荷所抵靠的表面75在径向上断开。于是,由减震元件70确保的这两个功能彼此区分开。环形槽可以是锥形形状、圆形形状或任何其他合适的形状。
下盖30的径向凸缘32的下表面设置有指向装置10的下侧的在轴向上突出的部分35。减震元件70的径向部分71的上表面设置有上环形槽76,上环形槽76向装置10的上侧开口,并且上环形槽76接纳所述在轴向上突出的部分35。
有利地,部分35和槽76具有对应的(/相应的)形状。有利地,在将径向部分71成型到(/模制到)下盖30的部分35上的操作期间,形成槽76。
减震元件70的径向部分71具有材料轴向厚度L1。减震元件70在上环形槽76的高度(/水平)(level)处具有材料轴向厚度L2。减震元件具有限定在下环形槽74与下环形轴承构件32之间的材料轴向厚度L3以及限定在下环形槽74与上环形槽76之间的材料径向厚度L4。
减震元件使得:L2与L1之间的比严格小于1;L3与L1之间的比严格小于1;并且L4与L1之间的比小于或等于1。
根据本发明的有利实施方式,L4与L2之间的比小于或等于1。
根据本发明的另一有利实施方式,偏斜凸缘73设置有肩部(shoulder)77,该肩部77径向抵接下盖30的径向凸缘32的前表面。
以上参照附图详细地描述了本发明的代表性的非限制性示例。该具体实施方式仅旨在教导本领域技术人员用于实践本教导的优选方面的更多细节,而不旨在限制本发明的范围。此外,以上公开的附加特征和教导中的每个可以单独使用或者与其他特征和教导结合使用,以提供改善的凸轮从动件滚子装置。
此外,上述代表性示例的各个特征以及各个独立权利要求和从属权利要求可以以未具体和明确地列举的方式组合,以提供本教导的另外有用的实施方式。

Claims (7)

1.一种悬架推力轴承装置(10),与车辆的汽车悬架支柱中的悬架弹簧(3)一起使用,包括:轴承(20、30、40),具有相对旋转的上环形轴承构件(20、42)和下环形轴承构件(30、41);以及减震元件(70),由弹性材料制成并且具有径向部分(71),所述径向部分介于所述下环形轴承构件(30、41)与所述悬架弹簧(3)之间,所述减震元件(70)还包括至少一个偏转凸缘(73),所述至少一个偏转凸缘从径向部分(71)向外并且大致在径向上延伸,用于减少水和其他污染物在所述上环形轴承构件与所述下环形轴承构件之间的任何进入;
其特征在于,减震元件(70)的所述径向部分(71)具有材料轴向厚度L1;减震元件(70)的径向凸缘(71)的上侧设置有上环形槽(76),所述环形槽(76)接纳从下环形轴承构件(30)在轴向上向下延伸的突出部分(35),减震元件(70)在所述环形槽(76)的水平处具有材料轴向厚度L2;并且所述减震元件(70)的下侧设置有在轴向上朝向所述悬架弹簧开口的下环形槽(74),所述环形槽(74)在内侧在径向上限定弹簧支撑表面(75),并且在外侧在径向上限定所述偏转凸缘(73),减震元件(70)具有限定在所述下环形槽(74)与所述下环形轴承构件(30)之间的材料轴向厚度L3以及限定在所述下环形槽(74)与所述上环形槽(76)之间的材料径向厚度L4;
所述减震元件使得:L2与L1之间的比严格小于1;L3与L1之间的比严格小于1;并且L4与L1之间的比小于或等于1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的悬架推力轴承装置,其特征在于,所述悬架推力轴承装置(10)包括轴承,所述轴承具有:第一圈(42),固定到上盖(20),使得形成所述悬架推力轴承(10)的上环形轴承构件;以及第二圈(41),固定到下盖(30),使得形成所述悬架推力轴承(10)的下环形轴承构件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的悬架推力轴承装置,其特征在于,所述轴承(40)是滚动轴承,所述第一圈(42)和所述第二圈(41)在它们之间限定环形滚动腔室,并且在所述滚动腔室内布置有至少一列滚动元件(43)。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的悬架推力轴承装置,其特征在于,所述偏转凸缘(73)具有在轴向上指向所述悬架弹簧的截头圆锥形形状。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的悬架推力轴承装置,其特征在于,L4与L2之间的比小于或等于1。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的悬架推力轴承装置,其特征在于,所述偏转凸缘(73)设置有肩部(77),所述肩部(77)径向抵接下环形轴承构件的前表面。
7.一种机动车辆悬架支柱(1),包括减震器杆(2)、悬架弹簧(3)以及根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的悬架推力轴承装置(10)。
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