CN112630889A - Photon integrated chip for processing multimode optical signal - Google Patents
Photon integrated chip for processing multimode optical signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN112630889A CN112630889A CN202110242493.XA CN202110242493A CN112630889A CN 112630889 A CN112630889 A CN 112630889A CN 202110242493 A CN202110242493 A CN 202110242493A CN 112630889 A CN112630889 A CN 112630889A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/14—Mode converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals, which comprises a substrate and an optical waveguide structure arranged on the substrate, wherein the optical waveguide structure comprises an input waveguide, an interference coupler module, a waveguide array beam combiner and an output waveguide which are sequentially arranged, the input waveguide is a multimode waveguide, the output waveguide is a single-mode waveguide, the input waveguide is connected with the input end of the interference coupler module, the output end of the interference coupler module is provided with a plurality of single-mode waveguides, the input end of the waveguide array beam combiner is connected with the single-mode waveguides, and the output end of the waveguide array beam combiner is connected with the output waveguide. The photonic integrated chip for processing the multimode optical signal can convert input multimode light into single-mode light which is output by a single light source; the photonic integrated chip for processing the multimode optical signal has strong adjustment flexibility and strong expansibility, and is suitable for large-scale integration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, in particular to a photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals.
Background
With the continuous development of information technologies, technologies such as internet of things, virtual reality, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, fifth generation mobile communication (5G) and the like are emerging continuously, and higher requirements are provided for the transmission capacity, the transmission speed and the like of an information communication network. Laser information technology, which is mainly represented by optical fiber communication technology, is an important component of modern communication networks. The optical fiber communication technology plays a role of a 'aorta' in connecting various communication networks such as a long-distance backbone network, a medium-distance metropolitan area network, a short-distance regional network, a data center network and the like. The basic elements of fiber optic communication technology are light sources, optical fibers, and photodetectors. For the light source part, the semiconductor laser has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high efficiency, wide wavelength range and the like, and becomes an important light source device, and is a fundamental stone of an optical fiber transmission system. At present, widely used semiconductor lasers include Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting lasers (Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting lasers), Fabry-perot lasers (FP), Distributed Feedback lasers (DFB), tunable lasers, and the like. The vertical cavity surface emitting laser is a surface emitting laser, the light emitting direction of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser is perpendicular to the top surface of the laser, and due to the characteristics of short cavity length, small active area, high reflectivity and the like of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser, single longitudinal mode laser output is easy to realize. Therefore, the vcsel is mainly used in ultra-short-range optical communication scenarios (< 100 m), and uses multimode fiber as an information medium for transmission. In the application of longer-distance transmission, due to the dispersion of the multimode fiber and the difference of different modes, phases and losses, the optical signal cannot be demodulated at the receiving end, so that the application distance cannot be further expanded.
In summary, there is a need in the art for a passive device capable of converting multimode into single mode, which can convert multimode light output by a vertical cavity surface emitting laser into single mode light for transmission, and further extend the low-cost vertical cavity surface emitting laser technology to a longer-distance application scenario by using a single mode fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals, which can convert light having multiple modes output by a laser into single-mode light.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals, which includes a substrate and an optical waveguide structure disposed on the substrate, wherein the optical waveguide structure includes an input waveguide, an interference coupler module, a waveguide array combiner and an output waveguide, which are sequentially arranged; the input waveguide is a multi-mode waveguide, and the output waveguide is a single-mode waveguide; the input waveguide is connected with the input end of the interference coupler module, the output end of the interference coupler module is provided with a plurality of single-mode waveguides, the number of the single-mode waveguides is not less than two, the input end of the waveguide array beam combiner is connected with the plurality of single-mode waveguides, and the output end of the waveguide array beam combiner is connected with the output waveguide; the multi-mode light enters the interference coupler module through the input waveguide, the interference coupler module converts the incident multi-mode light into a plurality of single-mode light and respectively outputs the single-mode light through the single-mode waveguides, and the single-mode light is combined into a beam of fundamental mode light wave which realizes maximum output by the waveguide array beam combiner and is input to the output waveguide.
Preferably, the interference coupler module is a multimode interference coupler.
Preferably, the interference coupler module is a compass ring interference coupler.
Preferably, the interference coupler module is a cascaded directional coupler.
Preferably, the waveguide array beam combiner is of a tree structure formed by a plurality of beam combining units; the beam combination unit is of a two-in-one structure, and combines beams for multiple times along the direction from the interference coupler module to the output waveguide until the beams are combined into one beam with the connection position of the output waveguide.
Preferably, the waveguide array beam combiner is of a triangular topological arrangement structure formed by a plurality of basic units; the basic unit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
Preferably, the waveguide array beam combiner is of a rectangular topological arrangement structure formed by a plurality of basic units; the basic unit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
Preferably, the waveguide array beam combiner is an all-in-one multimode interference coupler structure, the multimode interference coupler structure has N input waveguides, and each of the N input waveguides has a phase modulator.
Preferably, the waveguide array beam combiner is an all-in-one compass ring interference coupler structure, and the compass ring interference coupler structure has N input waveguides, and each of the N input waveguides has a phase modulator.
Preferably, the optical waveguide structure is a planar waveguide structure.
Preferably, the input waveguide is a multimode waveguide and the output waveguide is a single mode waveguide.
Preferably, the polarization modes of the light wave input through the input waveguide and the light wave output through the output waveguide are the same.
Compared with the prior art, the photonic integrated chip for processing the multimode optical signal disclosed by the invention has the advantages that: the photonic integrated chip for processing the multimode optical signal can convert input multimode light into single-mode light which is output by a single light, so that modulation, multiplexing and long-distance transmission of subsequent light are facilitated, and the application scene of long-distance transmission of a laser is facilitated to be expanded; the photonic integrated chip for processing the multimode optical signal has strong regulation flexibility, strong expansibility and easy integration; the photonic integrated chip for processing the multimode optical signals adopts a planar waveguide structure, and is suitable for large-scale integration.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical waveguide structure of a photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a functional diagram of converting multimode into single-mode optical waves when the interference coupler is a multimode interference coupler.
Fig. 5A is a schematic diagram of a waveguide array beam combiner with 6 single-mode waveguides.
Fig. 5B is a schematic diagram of a waveguide array beam combiner with 7 single-mode waveguides.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the interference coupler being a compass ring interference coupler.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the interference coupler as a cascade directional coupler.
Fig. 8A is a schematic diagram of a waveguide array beam combiner adopting a triangular topological arrangement structure.
Fig. 8B is a schematic diagram of the waveguide array beam combiner in a rectangular topological arrangement.
Fig. 8C is a schematic structural diagram of the basic unit in fig. 8A and 8B.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a photonic integrated chip 1 for processing a multimode optical signal according to the present invention includes a substrate 10 and an optical waveguide structure disposed on the substrate 10, where the optical waveguide structure includes an input waveguide 21, an interference coupler module 22, a waveguide array combiner 23, and an output waveguide 24, which are sequentially arranged, the input waveguide 21 is a multimode waveguide, the output waveguide 24 is a single-mode waveguide, the input waveguide 21 is connected to an input end of the interference coupler module 22, an output end of the interference coupler module 22 has a plurality of single-mode waveguides, an input end of the waveguide array combiner 23 is connected to the single-mode waveguide, and an output end of the waveguide array combiner 23 is connected to the output waveguide 24. Referring to fig. 2, the lasers are connected through an input waveguide 21 of a coupling device 100 (such as a multimode fiber, a prism or a lens), multimode light emitted by the lasers enters an interference coupler module 22 through the input waveguide 21, the interference coupler module 22 converts the incident multimode light into a plurality of single mode light and outputs the single mode light through a plurality of single mode waveguides, the single mode light is combined into a beam of fundamental mode light by a waveguide array combiner 23 and is input to an output waveguide 24, and the fundamental mode light is input to a single mode fiber 200 through the output waveguide 24 and can be transmitted and subsequently processed. The photonic integrated chip for processing the multimode optical signal can convert the multimode light output by the laser into a beam of single-mode light.
It should be noted that the optical waveguide structure is a planar waveguide structure, and is suitable for large-scale integration. The material of the optical waveguide structure can be selected from silicon, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide and the like. The input waveguide 21 and the output waveguide 24 are both strip waveguides. The polarization modes of the input light wave passing through the input waveguide 21 and the output light wave passing through the output waveguide 24 are the same.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3, the interference coupler module 22 is a multi-mode interference coupler 221, the output end of the multi-mode interference coupler 221 has a plurality of single-mode waveguides 222, and the input waveguide 21 is connected to the input end of the multi-mode interference coupler 221. Operation of the multi-mode interference coupler 221 referring to fig. 4, each mode of the multi-mode light entering the multi-mode interference coupler 221 through the input waveguide 21 is diffused, and the multi-mode interference coupler 221 functions as a free diffraction region and has a mapping relation with the intensity and phase of the light of different channels (i.e., different single-mode waveguides 222) at the output end of the multi-mode interference coupler 221. By optimally adjusting the length and width of the multimode interference coupler 221 (the width is positively correlated with the number of the single-mode waveguides 222), the total transmission energy of the output light of the single-mode waveguides 222 can be adjusted to be maximum, and the adjustment flexibility is strong.
It is noted that the interference coupler module 22 is not limited to the use of the multimode interference coupler 221. As shown in fig. 6, the interference coupler module 22A is a compass ring interference coupler 221A, and the output end of the compass ring interference coupler 221A has a number of single mode waveguides 222A. As shown in fig. 7, the interference coupler module 22B is a cascaded directional coupler 221B, and the output end of the cascaded directional coupler 221B has a plurality of single-mode waveguides 222B.
Referring to fig. 3, 5A and 5B, the waveguide array combiner 23 has a tree structure formed by a plurality of beam combining units 231, each beam combining unit 231 has a two-in-one structure, and combines beams for a plurality of times (the number of times of combining beams is positively correlated to the number of single-mode waveguides 222) along a direction from the interference coupler module 22 to the output waveguide 24 until the positions connected with the output waveguide 24 are combined into one beam, each beam combining unit 231 includes two beam combining waveguides 2311, and at least one phase shifter 2312 is installed in each of the two beam combining waveguides 2311. The phase of the input light can be adjusted by the phase shifter 2312 so that the two input lights meet the condition of coherent superposition, and the coherent output (maximum output) of the light can be realized by each beam combination unit 231 by adjusting the phase shifter 2312 respectively. It should be noted that the beam combining unit 231 may adopt a two-in-one beam combining structure such as a Y-branch structure, a multi-mode interference coupler, or a directional coupler.
As shown in fig. 5A, the number of the single-mode waveguides 222 is 6, and each two single-mode waveguides 222 are correspondingly connected to one beam combining unit 231. When the number of the single-mode waveguides 222 satisfies the n-th power relation of 2, each two single-mode waveguides 222 are correspondingly connected with one beam combining unit 231. As shown in fig. 5B, when the number of the single-mode waveguides 222 is an odd number, there is a single-mode waveguide 222 lacking a paired single-mode waveguide 222, and the single-mode waveguide 222 adopts the structure in fig. 5B, and the single-mode waveguide 222 does not perform the first combining but directly performs the second combining. In summary, the waveguide array combiner 23 can combine any number of single-mode waveguides 222 by using a tree structure composed of a plurality of combining units 231, and finally combine the single-mode waveguides into a single-mode light beam.
It should be noted that the waveguide array combiner 23 is not limited to a tree structure composed of several combining units 231. As shown in fig. 8A, the waveguide array combiner 23A adopts a triangular topological arrangement structure, and as shown in fig. 8B, the waveguide array combiner 23A adopts a rectangular topological arrangement structure. Referring to fig. 8C, the two topological arrangements are composed of a plurality of basic units 231A, the basic units 231A are mach-zehnder interferometers, the basic units 231A include two 2 × 2 multimode interference couplers or directional couplers 2311A, at least two phase modulators 2312A are mounted on channels on the substrate unit 231A, and light can be output with maximum light intensity in a specific channel at the output end of the waveguide array beam combiner 23A by adjusting the phase modulators 2312A, that is, the light is combined into a single-mode light output.
In addition, the waveguide array beam combiner can also adopt an all-in-one multimode interference coupler structure, the multimode interference coupler structure is provided with N input waveguides, and each of the N input waveguides is provided with a phase modulator; the waveguide array beam combiner can also adopt an all-in-one compass ring interference coupler structure, the compass ring interference coupler structure is provided with N input waveguides, and the N input waveguides are provided with a phase modulator.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (12)
1. A photon integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals is characterized by comprising a substrate and an optical waveguide structure arranged on the substrate, wherein the optical waveguide structure comprises an input waveguide, an interference coupler module, a waveguide array beam combiner and an output waveguide which are sequentially arranged; the input waveguide is a multi-mode waveguide, and the output waveguide is a single-mode waveguide; the input waveguide is connected with the input end of the interference coupler module, the output end of the interference coupler module is provided with a plurality of single-mode waveguides, the number of the single-mode waveguides is not less than two, the input end of the waveguide array beam combiner is connected with the plurality of single-mode waveguides, and the output end of the waveguide array beam combiner is connected with the output waveguide; the multi-mode light enters the interference coupler module through the input waveguide, the interference coupler module converts the incident multi-mode light into a plurality of single-mode light and respectively outputs the single-mode light through the single-mode waveguides, and the single-mode light is combined into a beam of fundamental mode light wave which realizes maximum output by the waveguide array beam combiner and is input to the output waveguide.
2. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein the interference coupler module is a multimode interference coupler.
3. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals of claim 1, wherein the interference coupler module is a compass ring interference coupler.
4. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein said interference coupler module is a cascaded directional coupler.
5. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein the waveguide array beam combiner is formed by a plurality of beam combining units in a tree structure; the beam combination unit is of a two-in-one structure, and combines beams for multiple times along the direction from the interference coupler module to the output waveguide until the beams are combined into one beam with the connection position of the output waveguide.
6. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein the waveguide array beam combiner is composed of a plurality of basic units to form a triangular topological arrangement structure; the basic unit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
7. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein the waveguide array beam combiner is composed of a plurality of basic units to form a rectangular topological arrangement structure; the basic unit is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
8. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein said waveguide array combiner is an all-in-one multimode interference coupler structure having N input waveguides with a phase modulator thereon.
9. The photonic integrated chip of claim 1, wherein the waveguide array combiner is an all-in-one compass ring interference coupler structure having N input waveguides with a phase modulator thereon.
10. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein the optical waveguide structure is a planar waveguide structure.
11. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein said input waveguide is a multimode waveguide and said output waveguide is a single mode waveguide.
12. The photonic integrated chip for processing multimode optical signals according to claim 1, wherein the polarization modes of the optical wave input through the input waveguide and the optical wave output through the output waveguide are the same.
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| CN202110242493.XA CN112630889A (en) | 2021-03-05 | 2021-03-05 | Photon integrated chip for processing multimode optical signal |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115016068A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 上海交通大学 | Photon integrated chip of 1 XN optical switch based on M-level binary tree |
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| CN104603654A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2015-05-06 | 株式会社藤仓 | Optical waveguide element |
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| CN105388564A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-03-09 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | InP-base few-mode photo integrated emission chip based on MMI coupler |
| US20160357086A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-08 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Optical modulator |
| CN111766662A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-13 | 上海交通大学 | Universal silicon-based integrated optical waveguide mode converter |
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2021
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104603654A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2015-05-06 | 株式会社藤仓 | Optical waveguide element |
| US20160357086A1 (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-08 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Optical modulator |
| CN104914506A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-16 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | InP-based mode division multiplexer/demultiplexer structure based on multimode interference coupler |
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| CN111766662A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-13 | 上海交通大学 | Universal silicon-based integrated optical waveguide mode converter |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115016068A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 上海交通大学 | Photon integrated chip of 1 XN optical switch based on M-level binary tree |
| CN115016068B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-03-14 | 上海交通大学 | Photon integrated chip of 1 XN optical switch based on M-level binary tree |
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