CN112630102A - Linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate liquid viscosity intelligent measuring device - Google Patents
Linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate liquid viscosity intelligent measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101001008515 Homo sapiens Ribosomal biogenesis protein LAS1L Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150030478 LAS2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100027433 Ribosomal biogenesis protein LAS1L Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100434411 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) ADH1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101150102866 adc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150042711 adc2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 steam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
- G01N11/12—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring rising or falling speed of the body; by measuring penetration of wedged gauges
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
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Abstract
A linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate liquid viscosity intelligent measuring device comprises a base (1), a support (2), a measuring cylinder (3), a photoelectric detector array (4), a linear laser (5) and a controller, wherein the measuring cylinder (3) is placed on the base (1), viscosity liquid to be measured is contained in the measuring cylinder, the support is vertically fixed on the base (1), and the photoelectric detector array (4) and the linear laser (5) are respectively fixed on the supports on two sides of the measuring cylinder. The invention uses the linear laser-detector array photogate to replace a point laser photogate, and uses parallel laser to cover the section of the whole measuring cylinder, thereby overcoming the problem of missing detection; through install the crossbeam support additional at the top of graduated flask, an electro-magnet is put to the centre of crossbeam, realizes the vertical whereabouts of little steel ball along the central axis of graduated flask through the release of magnetic force, replaces manual operation release, makes the bobble have stable initial condition, has overcome the unstable defect of manual operation initial condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a viscosity measuring device, in particular to an intelligent linear laser-detector array photogate liquid viscosity measuring device.
Background
The measurement of the viscosity of the liquid is of great significance in practical work. Energy loss of fluids such as water, petroleum, steam, atmosphere and the like in water conservancy and thermal engineering during long-distance transmission in pipelines is involved; in the mechanical industry, the selection of various lubricating oils; chemically determining the molecular weight of the polymeric substance; medical analysis of blood viscosity, etc., requires measurement of the viscosity of the corresponding fluid.
As one of basic experiments of physics subjects, a falling ball method liquid viscosity measurement experiment is very important, while the existing instrument adopts a dotted laser photoelectric gate to detect falling small steel balls, and during measurement, the small steel balls are always deflected and missed to be detected, so that the measurement failure rate is high, and the actual operation difficulty is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel intelligent liquid viscosity measuring device based on a linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate, which aims to overcome the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate liquid viscosity intelligent measuring device comprises a base, a support, a measuring cylinder, photoelectric detector arrays, linear lasers and a controller, wherein the measuring cylinder is placed on the base, liquid to be measured in viscosity is contained in the measuring cylinder, the support is vertically fixed on the base on two sides of the measuring cylinder, one photoelectric detector array and one linear laser which are opposite form a group of linear laser-detector array photoelectric gates, the photoelectric detector arrays and the linear lasers are respectively fixed on the support on two sides of the measuring cylinder, the opposite photoelectric detector arrays and the linear lasers are located at the same horizontal position on the support, the linear laser-detector array photoelectric gates are divided into two groups, and each photoelectric detector array and the linear laser are respectively connected with the controller.
Furthermore, the support is a precision guide rail, two sliding seats are arranged on the precision guide rail, and the photoelectric detector array and the linear laser are respectively fixed on the sliding seats.
Furthermore, an angle sensor is arranged on the base and connected with the controller.
Furthermore, leveling bolts are arranged at four corners of the base.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged in the measuring cylinder and connected with the controller.
Furthermore, the support is also provided with a cross beam, the middle part of the cross beam is positioned right above the measuring cylinder, the middle part of the cross beam is provided with an electromagnet, the electromagnet is used for adsorbing and releasing the experimental small balls, and the electromagnet is connected with the controller.
Further, the controller is a single chip microcomputer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention uses the linear laser-detector array photogate to replace a point laser photogate, and uses parallel laser to cover the section of the whole measuring cylinder, thereby realizing hundreds of percent measurement of small steel balls and overcoming the problem of missing detection;
the cross beam support is additionally arranged at the top of the measuring cylinder, the electromagnet is arranged in the middle of the cross beam, the small steel ball vertically falls along the central axis of the measuring cylinder through the release of magnetic force, manual operation release is replaced, the small ball is enabled to have a stable initial state, and the defect that the initial state of manual operation is unstable is overcome;
the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal is improved by adopting red high-brightness laser, the influence of ambient light noise is avoided, and meanwhile, the alignment of visible light is convenient to adjust;
the support adopts a precise guide rail with scales, the linear laser and the detector array are arranged at the centers of respective sliding seats, and two sliding seats of a group of photoelectric gates on the supports on two sides are positioned at the same scale on the premise that the base is leveled, so that the parallelism of linear laser is ensured;
a pre-soaking procedure is introduced, the small steel balls are soaked in the liquid to be detected in advance after being cleaned, and then the small steel balls are released, so that bubbles brought when the small steel balls fall into the liquid can be reduced or avoided;
in the measurement of the castor oil viscosity by using the device, the polynomial fitting is carried out on the castor oil viscosity temperature data, the relative error calculation is carried out on the viscosity measured value and the fitting value at the same temperature, and the verification error of the multiple measurement results is less than 3 percent, even less than 1 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent measurement device for liquid viscosity of a linear laser-detector array photogate of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the liquid viscosity intelligent measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a voltage waveform diagram of a signal when a small steel ball passes through a photogate in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a fitting curve of castor oil viscosity versus temperature;
FIG. 5 is a circuit layout of the present invention;
in fig. 1, a base; 2, a precision guide rail; 3, measuring the cylinder; 4 photodetector arrays; 5 a linear laser; 6, a cross beam; 7 an electromagnet; an 8-degree sensor; 9 a temperature sensor; 10 leveling bolt.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the intelligent measuring device for the liquid viscosity of the linear laser-detector array photogate comprises a base 1, a support, a measuring cylinder 3, a photoelectric detector array 4, a linear laser 5 and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the measuring cylinder 3 is placed on the base 1, the measuring cylinder is filled with liquid with viscosity to be measured, the support is vertically fixed on the base 1 at two sides of the measuring cylinder, the opposite photoelectric detector array 4 and the linear laser 5 form a group of linear laser-detector array photogate, the photoelectric detector array 4 and the linear laser 5 are respectively fixed on the support at two sides of the measuring cylinder, and the relative photoelectric detector array 4 and the linear laser 5 are positioned at the same horizontal position on the bracket, the linear laser-detector array photoelectric gates are 2 groups, and each photoelectric detector array and the linear laser 5 are respectively connected with the singlechip. The photodetector array 4 is a one-dimensional linear array detector formed by the following photodetectors, including but not limited to photoresistors, photodiodes, phototriodes, charge-coupled devices, and the like.
The support is a precision guide rail 2, 2 sliding seats are arranged on the precision guide rail 2, and the photoelectric detector array 4 and the linear laser 5 are respectively fixed on the sliding seats. The base 1 is also provided with an angle sensor 8, and the angle sensor 8 is connected with the single chip microcomputer. Leveling bolts 10 are arranged at four corners of the base 1. The measuring cylinder 3 is also internally provided with a temperature sensor 9, and the temperature sensor 9 is connected with the singlechip. The temperature sensor 9 extends into the measuring cylinder 3 below the liquid level of the liquid to be measured, and can directly measure the temperature of the liquid. The support is also provided with a cross beam 6, the middle part of the cross beam 6 is positioned right above the measuring cylinder 3, the middle part of the cross beam 6 is provided with an electromagnet 7, the electromagnet 7 is used for adsorbing and releasing small steel balls, and the electromagnet 7 is connected with the single chip microcomputer.
The device is integrated through the STM32 single chip microcomputer, and a 72MHz superspeed pulse capture circuit can accurately acquire the vertical time of the small steel ball passing through two photoelectric gates, so that the time measurement precision is improved.
Fig. 5 is a circuit design diagram of the present invention, where DC is a 5V DC power supply port, SW is a switch, Las1 and Las2 are power supply ports of a linear laser, ADC1 and ADC2 are signal acquisition ports of a photodetector array, DS18B20 is a signal acquisition port of a temperature sensor, Q1 and Q2 are transistors, MAG is an electromagnet control port, IMU-U1 is an angle sensor interface, UART3 is a program download serial port, FPC-U2 is a liquid crystal touch display interface, IO is a single chip pin, and Beep is a buzzer.
The working principle is as follows:
firstly, judging and adjusting the levelness of a base 1 through an angle sensor 8 on the base to enable a glass measuring cylinder 3 to be vertical; obtaining the temperature of the liquid to be measured through a temperature sensor 9; then the single chip microcomputer system controls the electromagnet 7 to release the small steel ball, when the small steel ball passes through the first linear laser irradiation plane, partial light on the detector array is blocked, the voltage change on the detection circuit is caused, the timer is triggered to start timing, when the small steel ball passes through the second linear laser irradiation plane, the timer is triggered to stop timing (the signal voltage waveform when the small steel ball passes through the photoelectric gate is shown in figure 3), the single chip microcomputer system is used for calculating and storing data, and finally the measurement and display of viscosity are realized.
The method comprises the following specific operation steps:
the levelness of the base 1 is adjusted, a liquid crystal touch panel calibration interface of the single chip microcomputer integrated system is opened, and leveling bolts 10 at four corners of the base 1 are adjusted according to data fed back by the angle sensor 8, so that a level instrument bubble displayed in the touch panel is aligned to the central position.
Two linear lasers 5 on the precise guide rail bracket 2 are powered on and adjusted, so that red laser lines of the lasers are aligned to the opposite photoelectric detector array 4 in parallel, and the centers of two opposite sliding seats on the precise guide rail 2 are positioned at the same scale, thereby ensuring the parallelism of linear lasers.
The measuring cylinder 3 filled with the liquid to be measured is placed in the center of the base 1, the measuring cylinder 3 is located in the center of the precision guide rail support 2, and the position of the measuring cylinder 3 is kept unchanged during operation.
Directly reading the distance l between an upper photoelectric door and a lower photoelectric door on a precise guide rail support 2 with scales, weighing the mass m of a small steel ball by using an electronic balance, measuring the diameter D of the small steel ball by using a micrometer caliper, measuring the inner diameter D of a measuring cylinder by using a vernier caliper, measuring the height H of a liquid column in the measuring cylinder by using a straight steel ruler, calculating the density rho' of the small steel ball, reading the density rho of liquid from a nameplate of a liquid reagent, and inputting the density rho into a parameter page of a touch panel of a single chip microcomputer.
And thirdly, cleaning the small steel ball with alcohol, drying the small steel ball by using filter paper, soaking the small steel ball in a glass vessel which is filled with liquid to be detected in advance, and then placing the small steel ball in the center of the electromagnet 7 by using tweezers. The liquid temperature is directly measured by the temperature sensor 9 and read on the touch panel of the single chip microcomputer.
Fourthly, controlling the electromagnet to release the small steel ball on the touch panel, when the small steel ball falls down and passes through the upper photoelectric gate, timing through the single chip microcomputer control system, when the small steel ball falls down to the lower photoelectric gate, the single chip microcomputer control system stops timing, reading parameters, repeating for 5 times, recording data, and calculating the liquid viscosity eta according to the following formula:
wherein t is the time required by the small steel ball to vertically fall for a distance l in the liquid, and g is the gravity acceleration.
FIG. 4 is a polynomial fit curve of the viscosity temperature relationship for castor oil and shows the fit formula and coefficients. Table 1 shows various parameters of castor oil viscosity measurement, and table 2 shows measured castor oil viscosity data, and relative error calculation is performed on measured values and fitting values at the same temperature, so that it can be seen that the viscosity measurement is greatly influenced by the liquid temperature.
TABLE 1
| m(g) | d(mm) | l(mm) | D(mm) | H(mm) | ρ′(kg/m3) | ρ(kg/m3) |
| 0.1737 | 3.490 | 120.00 | 61.60 | 361.5 | 7804.14 | 958.5 |
TABLE 2
(η0Is the fitted value at the temperature T,
)
the intelligent measuring device for the liquid viscosity of the linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate is convenient to use, friendly to operate and high in measuring effectiveness, is provided with a large-size liquid crystal touch screen to display information such as time, formula, temperature and platform inclination, and integrates multiple functions. On the basis of improving the operation ability of an operator, the understanding of the operator on the measuring principle and the instrument structure is deepened. The device has the application value of popularization, and can be even applied to the engineering for rapidly measuring the liquid viscosity.
Claims (7)
1. The intelligent measuring device for the liquid viscosity of the linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate is characterized by comprising a base (1), a support, a measuring cylinder (3), a photoelectric detector array (4), a linear laser (5) and a controller, wherein the measuring cylinder (3) is placed on the base (1), the measuring cylinder is filled with liquid with the viscosity to be measured, the support is vertically fixed on the base (1) on two sides of the measuring cylinder, one opposite photoelectric detector array (4) and one linear laser (5) form a group of linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate, the photoelectric detector array (4) and the linear laser (5) are respectively fixed on the support on two sides of the measuring cylinder, the opposite photoelectric detector array (4) and the linear laser (5) are positioned on the same horizontal position on the support, and the linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate is 2 groups, each photoelectric detector array (4) and the linear laser (5) are respectively connected with the controller.
2. The intelligent in-line laser-detector array photogate liquid viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the support is a precision guide rail (2), 2 sliding seats are arranged on the precision guide rail (2), and the photodetector array (4) and the in-line laser (5) are respectively fixed on the sliding seats.
3. The intelligent in-line laser-detector array photogate liquid viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the base (1) is further provided with an angle sensor (8), and the angle sensor (8) is connected with the controller.
4. The intelligent liquid viscosity measuring device with the linear laser-detector array photogate according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the base (1) is also provided with a leveling bolt (10).
5. The intelligent in-line laser-detector array photogate liquid viscosity measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor (9) is further arranged in the measuring cylinder (3), and the temperature sensor (9) is connected with the controller.
6. The intelligent measuring device for the liquid viscosity of the photogate of the linear laser-detector array according to claim 1, characterized in that the bracket is further provided with a cross beam (6), the middle part of the cross beam (6) is positioned right above the measuring cylinder (3), the middle part of the cross beam (6) is provided with an electromagnet (7), the electromagnet (7) is used for adsorbing and releasing an experimental pellet, and the electromagnet (7) is connected with the controller.
7. The intelligent measuring device for the liquid viscosity of the linear laser-detector array photogate is characterized in that the controller is a single chip microcomputer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011578918.6A CN112630102A (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Linear laser-detector array photoelectric gate liquid viscosity intelligent measuring device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118130309A (en) * | 2024-05-08 | 2024-06-04 | 西南石油大学 | Determining fluid viscosity and CO2Method for time-varying law of relative permeability of oil displacement |
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| CN118130309B (en) * | 2024-05-08 | 2024-07-09 | 西南石油大学 | Determining fluid viscosity and CO2Method for time-varying law of relative permeability of oil displacement |
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