CN112627817A - Mining method for large water mine by using freezing method - Google Patents
Mining method for large water mine by using freezing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112627817A CN112627817A CN202011417525.7A CN202011417525A CN112627817A CN 112627817 A CN112627817 A CN 112627817A CN 202011417525 A CN202011417525 A CN 202011417525A CN 112627817 A CN112627817 A CN 112627817A
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a freezing method stoping method for a large water mine chamber, and belongs to the technical field of underground mine water prevention and control. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the steps of constructing a freezing hole in a roadway with a certain safe distance above a chamber, constructing small freezing stations in adjacent chambers at the periphery, starting to actively freeze after the freezing facilities are erected, turning to maintenance and freezing after a stable freezing wall is formed by observation, starting to carry out ore recovery on the chamber, and timely carrying out chamber filling operation after the ore recovery is finished. The invention has the beneficial effects that: by introducing the freezing technology in the stoping process of the stope, a freezing wall with a certain thickness is formed, the upper wall water of the stope can be prevented from flowing into the stope, the water inrush risk of stoping of the stope is reduced, the threat of water damage is reduced, and the purpose of safe stoping is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a freezing method stoping method for a large water mine chamber, and belongs to the technical field of underground mine water prevention and control.
Background
In the ore stoping process of large-scale underground mine, the condition that the earth's surface is subsided is generally not allowed to take place, newly-built large-scale underground mine ore stoping mode is gone on with filling mining method more at present, because geological cause influences, deposit enrichment condition is generally darker, upper portion covers there is fourth system aquifer, mining area hydrogeological conditions is complicated, in stoping process the stope most can pass geological structures such as fault, broken area, because broken area of fault is most comparatively broken, very easily switch on with upper portion aquifer, lead to a large amount of gushing water, will bring serious calamity for mine production when gushing water surpasss mine drainage system's drainage ability, the light then stops production and puts in order, the heavy life safety of production constructor that probably threatens.
The reason of the deposit is analyzed, and the aim of draining the water stored in the underground mine is unrealistic and very difficult from the ecological, technical and economic aspects. And the comprehensive consideration is combined with the geological condition, most of the water gushing in the chamber is upward supply, the development condition of the joint crack is variable due to the complex condition of the surrounding rock enrichment of the bedrock section, and when the cracks are not uniform step by step or are not sufficiently communicated, the expected effect is difficult to obtain by adopting common drilling drainage and grouting water plugging in the stoping process of the chamber, and the ore grade can be reduced after grouting, so that the later-stage mineral separation index is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for stoping a large water mine chamber by a freezing method, which can form a freezing wall with a certain thickness by introducing a freezing technology in the stoping process of the chamber, can obstruct the upper wall water of the chamber from flowing into the chamber, reduce the water gushing risk of stoping of the chamber, reduce the threat of water damage, achieve the aim of safe stoping and effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a large water mine stope freezing method stoping method comprises the following steps: arranging and constructing freezing holes in a roadway above the chamber at a certain safe distance, wherein the distance between the freezing holes meets the requirement of design specifications, the hole-forming length of the freezing holes is greater than the stoping boundary of the ore body, and a safe protective layer is reserved; arranging a freezing inspection hole at the upper part of the stoping ore block; laying a freezing pipeline, arranging a freezing facility, and carrying out active freezing to form a complete protective freezing wall and then converting into maintenance freezing; blocking the water supply of the upper aquifer by using a freezing system to form a complete and safe cold-movement water-resisting layer, and reserving a blasting protective layer with a certain thickness below the freezing water-resisting layer; after the freezing system runs for a certain time to form a safe and reliable freezing wall to form a water-resisting effect, starting to recover the ores in the chamber; meanwhile, in order to ensure the ore output and the working continuity, a construction plan is made in advance by combining the actual conditions of the mine, the next stope to be stoped is subjected to freezing hole arrangement construction and freezing equipment installation in advance, and active freezing is carried out continuously in due time; after the stoping of the mining room is finished, filling operation is carried out on the mining room in time; after filling, the chamber is released from freezing and enters the next cycle.
The diameter phi of the freezing holes is more than or equal to 108mm, the two ends of the hole forming length of the freezing holes at least exceed the ore body stoping boundary by 20m, and the distance between the freezing holes is determined according to item 5.6.2 of provisional technical specification for vertical shaft engineering excavation by a coal mine freezing method, and is 1.00-1.30 m.
The width of the freezing water-resisting layer is determined by the number of freezing holes, and the number of the freezing holes is determined by calculation according to the rock inclination angle; the width of the freezing water-resisting layer = the number of freezing holes multiplied by the distance between the freezing holes, the number of the freezing holes = [ (the height of the chamber + the thickness of the protective layer) = plucking the chamber-
+ thickness of chamber]The distance between freezing holes is taken as an integer; wherein
The rock dip tangent value.
And (2) laying a freezing pipeline and arranging freezing facilities, namely laying pipelines required for freezing in each freezing hole and building a freezing station, wherein the position of the freezing station can be selected to be adjacent to an underground chamber which is not used temporarily and has stable rock conditions, and the underground chamber can be dug independently, and the active freezing is started after the freezing pipeline is connected.
The thickness of the blasting protection layer is larger than the safe allowable distance of blasting vibration, and R =
In the formula: r is the safe allowable distance of blasting vibration, m;
q is explosive quantity, the total explosive quantity is full blasting, and the delay blasting is maximum single-stage explosive quantity, kg;
v, the safety allowable particle speed of the location of the protected object is 1 in cm/s;
K，
-coefficients and attenuation indices related to the landform and geological conditions of the blast point protective object.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by introducing the freezing technology in the stoping process of the stope, a freezing wall with a certain thickness is formed, the upper wall water of the stope can be prevented from flowing into the stope, the water inrush risk of stoping of the stope is reduced, the threat of water damage is reduced, and the purpose of safe stoping is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a stope of a large water mine by a freezing method;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal projection view of a stope of a large water mine by a freezing method;
in the figure: the method comprises the following steps of freezing hole distance A, freezing water-resisting layer width B, blasting protective layer thickness H, freezing water-resisting layer length L, freezing roadway K, freezing circulation pipeline C, stope stoping boundary line D, vein-penetrating roadway E, ore removal level F, ore removal roadway P, rock drilling roadway G and stope surrounding rock inclination angle a.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings of the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a small part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
A large water mine stope freezing method stoping method comprises the following steps: arranging and constructing freezing holes in a roadway above the chamber at a certain safe distance, wherein the distance between the freezing holes meets the requirement of design specifications, the hole-forming length of the freezing holes is greater than the stoping boundary of the ore body, and a safe protective layer is reserved; arranging a freezing inspection hole at the upper part of the stoping ore block; laying a freezing pipeline, arranging a freezing facility, and carrying out active freezing to form a complete protective freezing wall and then converting into maintenance freezing; blocking the water supply of the upper aquifer by using a freezing system to form a complete and safe cold-movement water-resisting layer, and reserving a blasting protective layer with a certain thickness below the freezing water-resisting layer; after the freezing system runs for a certain time to form a safe and reliable freezing wall to form a water-resisting effect, starting to recover the ores in the chamber; meanwhile, in order to ensure the ore output and the working continuity, a construction plan is made in advance by combining the actual conditions of the mine, the next stope to be stoped is subjected to freezing hole arrangement construction and freezing equipment installation in advance, and active freezing is carried out continuously in due time; after the stoping of the mining room is finished, filling operation is carried out on the mining room in time; after filling, the chamber is released from freezing and enters the next cycle.
The diameter phi of the freezing holes is more than or equal to 108mm, the two ends of the hole forming length of the freezing holes at least exceed the ore body stoping boundary by 20m, and the distance between the freezing holes is determined according to item 5.6.2 of provisional technical specification for vertical shaft engineering excavation by a coal mine freezing method, and is 1.00-1.30 m.
The width of the freezing water-resisting layer is determined by the number of freezing holes, and the number of the freezing holes is determined by calculation according to the rock inclination angle; the width of the freezing water-resisting layer = the number of freezing holes multiplied by the distance between the freezing holes, the number of the freezing holes = [ (the height of the chamber + the thickness of the protective layer) = plucking the chamber-
+ thickness of chamber]The distance between freezing holes is taken as an integer; wherein
The rock dip tangent value.
And (2) laying a freezing pipeline and arranging freezing facilities, namely laying pipelines required for freezing in each freezing hole and building a freezing station, wherein the position of the freezing station can be selected to be adjacent to an underground chamber which is not used temporarily and has stable rock conditions, and the underground chamber can be dug independently, and the active freezing is started after the freezing pipeline is connected.
The thickness of the blasting protection layer is larger than the safe allowable distance of blasting vibration, and R =
In the formula: r is the safe allowable distance of blasting vibration, m;
q is explosive quantity, the total explosive quantity is full blasting, and the delay blasting is maximum single-stage explosive quantity, kg;
v, the safety allowable particle speed of the location of the protected object is 1 in cm/s;
K，
-coefficients and attenuation indices related to the landform and geological conditions of the blast point protective object.
In practical application, the method of the freezing method of the large water mine chamber is that enough blasting protective layer thickness H is left on the chamber, namely, freezing holes are constructed in a freezing roadway K, the diameter phi of each freezing hole is more than or equal to 108mm, the pore-forming length of each freezing hole is L, the two ends of each L at least exceed the ore body stoping boundary by 20m, the hole-opening interval of each freezing hole is A, the number of the freezing holes is determined according to the relevant regulations of 'temporary technical specification of coal mine freezing method excavation vertical shaft engineering', and the number of the freezing holes is determined according to the rock inclination angle a by calculation. After the construction of the freezing hole is finished, arranging a freezing circulation pipeline, arranging a temperature measurement observation hole, arranging a freezing observation hole at the upper part of a stope room to be stoped, selecting an underground chamber with good surrounding rock stability to construct a small freezing station, after the installation and debugging are finished, starting active freezing, observing the circulation temperature through the temperature measurement hole, observing the water burst condition of the stope room through the freezing observation hole, and after the water burst in the observation hole disappears or the regularity of the law in water is reduced, immediately adjusting a freezing device, turning to maintenance freezing, and starting stope mining on ores after 7 days of maintenance freezing; and (4) according to comprehensive consideration of rock and water flow conditions, extraction speed and the like, performing active refrigeration on the next mining room after the construction of the project, and circulating according to the steps. After the stoping of the chamber is finished, the recovery refrigeration equipment is dismantled, and the chamber is filled in time to prevent the occurrence of large water burst after the frozen wall is opened.
The principle of the freezing method construction of the large water mine chamber is as follows: selecting the thickness H degree of the blasting protective layer to be not less than the blasting vibration allowable distance R; the length L of the hole formed by the freezing hole is ensured to meet the requirement of reaching the freezing, and generally 20m is beyond the boundary of a stope room; the opening distance A of the freezing holes is according to item 5.6.2 of temporary technical specification of vertical shaft engineering excavated by a coal mine freezing method: 1.00m to 1.30m is used. In order to ensure that the frozen wall can be formed as soon as possible, the distance A between the cold dynamic holes is 1.00-1.20 m. The width B of the freezing water-resisting layer (determined by the number of freezing holes)) = the number of freezing holes multiplied by A, and the number of freezing holes is calculated by the rock inclination angle = [ (the height of the chamber + the thickness of the protective layer) = the/the (the) of the protective layer is/are selected
(dip tangent) + thickness of the chamber]Taking an integer; after the preparation work is finished, pipelines required for freezing are laid in each freezing hole, a freezing station is built, the position of the freezing station can be selected to be adjacent to a chamber which is temporarily not used and has stable rock conditions, the chamber can also be independently dug, and active freezing is started after the freezing station is connected with a freezing circulation pipeline C.
Calculating the safe distance R of the blasting vibration according to relevant regulations in blasting safety regulations, wherein R =
In the formula: r is the safe allowable distance of blasting vibration, m;
q is explosive quantity, the total explosive quantity is full blasting, and the delay blasting is maximum single-stage explosive quantity, kg;
v, the safety allowable particle speed of the location of the protected object is 1 in cm/s;
K，
-coefficients and attenuation indices relating to the topographic, geological conditions of the blast point protective object, which can be determined by field tests; without test data, the test data were selected with reference to the following table.
K of different lithology of the blast zone,
Value of
And (4) substituting and calculating according to field blasting experience data, wherein R is not less than 15 m. For insurance, the value of H in the scheme is not less than 20 m.
The hole distribution position of the freezing hole can be selected to be a proper position according to the mine infrastructure condition, and the freezing hole distribution position can be arranged in a vein roadway of an adjacent last mining room, or a freezing roadway can be independently constructed; stoping of the chamber is to ensure that the thickness of a protective layer is enough to resist blasting disturbance, and simultaneously, the single-hole explosive loading is controlled, and shockproof and shock absorption measures are taken to ensure that a frozen wall is not disturbed and damaged; meanwhile, the refrigeration facilities are ensured to be intact and can be recycled for continuous use; the construction position of the freezing station is to ensure safety, and the freezing station covers a plurality of peripheral mineral houses to ensure repeated use.
The comprehensive consideration of mine geological conditions and water burst conditions is combined in the process of freezing the chamber, and ore recovery is started as soon as possible after a stable frozen wall is formed; the refrigeration engineering required by the next stoping room is planned and constructed in advance, the refrigeration thought is adjusted in time according to the refrigeration condition, the refrigeration capacity is controlled well, the stoping room refrigeration is started in advance, and the next stoping room construction can be smoothly and timely carried out after the stoping of the stoping room is finished.
Claims (5)
1. A large water mine stope freeze-process stoping method is characterized by comprising the following steps: arranging and constructing freezing holes in a roadway above the chamber at a certain safe distance, wherein the distance between the freezing holes meets the requirement of design specifications, the hole-forming length of the freezing holes is greater than the stoping boundary of the ore body, and a safe protective layer is reserved; arranging a freezing inspection hole at the upper part of the stoping ore block; laying a freezing pipeline, arranging a freezing facility, and carrying out active freezing to form a complete protective freezing wall and then converting into maintenance freezing; blocking the water supply of the upper aquifer by using a freezing system to form a complete and safe cold-movement water-resisting layer, and reserving a blasting protective layer with a certain thickness below the freezing water-resisting layer; after the freezing system runs for a certain time to form a safe and reliable freezing wall to form a water-resisting effect, starting to recover the ores in the chamber; meanwhile, in order to ensure the ore output and the working continuity, a construction plan is made in advance by combining the actual conditions of the mine, the next stope to be stoped is subjected to freezing hole arrangement construction and freezing equipment installation in advance, and active freezing is carried out continuously in due time; after the stoping of the mining room is finished, filling operation is carried out on the mining room in time; after filling, the chamber is released from freezing and enters the next cycle.
2. The large water mine chamber freezing method extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter phi of the freezing holes is more than or equal to 108mm, the two ends of the hole forming length of the freezing holes at least exceed the ore body stoping boundary by 20m, and the distance between the freezing holes is 1.00-1.30 m.
3. The large water mine chamber freezing method extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the freezing water-resisting layer is determined by the number of freezing holes, and the number of the freezing holes is determined by calculation according to the rock inclination angle; the width of the freezing water-resisting layer = the number of freezing holes multiplied by the distance between the freezing holes, the number of the freezing holes = [ (the height of the chamber + the thickness of the protective layer) = plucking the chamber-
+ thickness of chamber]The distance between freezing holes is taken as an integer; wherein
The rock dip tangent value.
4. The large water mine chamber freezing method extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (2) laying a freezing pipeline and arranging freezing facilities, namely laying pipelines required for freezing in each freezing hole and building a freezing station, wherein the position of the freezing station can be selected to be adjacent to an underground chamber which is not used temporarily and has stable rock conditions, and the underground chamber can be dug independently, and the active freezing is started after the freezing pipeline is connected.
5. The large water mine chamber freezing method extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the blasting protection layer is larger than the safe allowable distance of blasting vibration, and R =
In the formula: r is the safe allowable distance of blasting vibration, m;
q is explosive quantity, the total explosive quantity is full blasting, and the delay blasting is maximum single-stage explosive quantity, kg;
v, the safety allowable particle speed of the location of the protected object is 1 in cm/s;
K，
-coefficients and attenuation indices related to the landform and geological conditions of the blast point protective object.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011417525.7A CN112627817A (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Mining method for large water mine by using freezing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011417525.7A CN112627817A (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Mining method for large water mine by using freezing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113217025A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Curtain grouting method suitable for rapid mining of large water deposit |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2363748A1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-05-28 | Inco Limited | Heat added to underground cemented fill to obtain both early and long term strength increases |
| CN102926753A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-02-13 | 中南大学 | Deep hole caving backfilling stoping method for artificially freezing stope roof |
| CN106285777A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-01-04 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | The method that flood mine mineral building discharges water in advance |
| CN110792471A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-14 | 中南大学 | Sublevel open stoping subsequent filling mining method for artificially freezing filling body |
-
2020
- 2020-12-07 CN CN202011417525.7A patent/CN112627817A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2363748A1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-05-28 | Inco Limited | Heat added to underground cemented fill to obtain both early and long term strength increases |
| CN102926753A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-02-13 | 中南大学 | Deep hole caving backfilling stoping method for artificially freezing stope roof |
| CN106285777A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-01-04 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | The method that flood mine mineral building discharges water in advance |
| CN110792471A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-14 | 中南大学 | Sublevel open stoping subsequent filling mining method for artificially freezing filling body |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113217025A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Curtain grouting method suitable for rapid mining of large water deposit |
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Application publication date: 20210409 |