CN112624848A - Compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112624848A CN112624848A CN202011585389.2A CN202011585389A CN112624848A CN 112624848 A CN112624848 A CN 112624848A CN 202011585389 A CN202011585389 A CN 202011585389A CN 112624848 A CN112624848 A CN 112624848A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/30—Anti-agglomerating additives; Anti-solidifying additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
Abstract
The invention provides a compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of nitrogen fertilizer 250-containing materials, 310 parts of phosphate fertilizer 170-containing materials, 350 parts of potassium fertilizer 200-containing materials, 0-2 parts of zinc fertilizer, 0-10 parts of boron fertilizer, 0-2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0-1 part of manganese sulfate, 30-200 parts of stone powder, 1-2 parts of organic coating oil and 0.5-1 part of ginger juice essence, wherein the ginger juice essence is a curcumin solution with the mass concentration of 75-95%; the high-concentration curcumin has good compatibility with fertilizers, so that trace elements can be better absorbed by crops, and the post-disaster repair capacity of the crops is improved; superoxide anion free radicals in vivo increase sharply after crop disaster, which seriously affects the normal operation of various physiological activities of crops, and curcumin has strong oxidation resistance and protects plant cells from being damaged by the free radicals; meanwhile, the preparation method is also disclosed, and the high-quality non-degraded compound fertilizer can be prepared in batches.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Turmeric has been used by humans for over 4000 years, and has been used in ancient india and chinese medicine to treat inflammatory diseases, protect the liver, skin diseases and wounds. The principal active substance in turmeric is curcumin, a pigment with diketones that is rare in the plant community. Modern medical research indicates that curcumin has 2.33 times of biological flavonoid, 1.6 times of vitamin E and 2.75 times of vitamin C in oxidation resistance, can help human body to resist many diseases, and is a herbaceous plant with multiple efficacies.
With the increasing use amount of chemical input products in agriculture, the traditional Chinese medicine agriculture is concerned by more and more experts and scholars, and the scheme of adding turmeric and the essence substances extracted from the turmeric in the fertilizer is the most widely applied scheme at the present stage. In the prior art, for example, patent 201810561541.X discloses a fertilizer for marigold containing a curcumin complex. The fertilizer containing the curcumin compound for marigold provided by the invention is reasonable in formula, comprehensive in nutrition, capable of meeting the growth requirement of marigold, good in water retention and slow release effect and excellent in disease and insect resistance. The patent 201910593257.5 also provides an insect-expelling and bacteria-inhibiting fertilizer prepared from Chinese herbal medicine extracts, which does not harm crops, can supplement nutrient substances required by plant growth, and has high efficiency of expelling insects and inhibiting bacteria.
However, in the existing application and use, turmeric is directly purchased and crushed and then applied to an organic fertilizer, but the application amount cannot be quantitatively regulated, so that the effect is not obvious, and a good use effect cannot be achieved, and the quality of crops is reduced on the contrary by blindly and directly applying the turmeric powder; and can affect food safety; therefore, how to well utilize curcumin in the fertilizer and further how to prepare the finished fertilizer is a problem to be solved, and the best compatibility among fertilizer components is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the technology: the prior art does not have a fertilizer containing curcumin; nor is there a method for preparing a fertilizer containing curcumin.
In particular to a compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of nitrogen fertilizer 250-containing materials, 310 parts of phosphate fertilizer 170-containing materials, 350 parts of potassium fertilizer 200-containing materials, 0-2 parts of zinc fertilizer, 0-10 parts of boron fertilizer, 0-2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0-1 part of manganese sulfate, 30-200 parts of stone powder, 1-2 parts of organic coating oil and 0.5-1 part of ginger juice essence, wherein the ginger juice essence is a curcumin solution with the mass concentration of 75-95%.
Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one of urea, a nitramine phosphate fertilizer and a nitrophosphate fertilizer; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride; the zinc fertilizer is at least one of zinc oxide and zinc sulfate; the boron fertilizer is at least one of borax and boric acid; the iron fertilizer is at least one of ferrous sulfate and ferric oxide.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of nitramine phosphate fertilizer, 260 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 300 parts of potassium sulfate; 1 part of zinc oxide, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of ferrous sulfate and 1 part of manganese sulfate; 135 parts of stone powder; 1 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250 parts of urea, 310 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 270 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of ferric oxide and 1 part of manganese sulfate; 130 parts of stone powder, 0.5 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil.
Preferably, the ginger juice essence is curcumin solution which is extracted from turmeric powder and has a mass concentration of 80%.
Also discloses a preparation method of the compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence, which adopts the raw materials in parts by weight for preparation and comprises the following steps:
s1, performing biological extraction by using turmeric powder to obtain curcumin solution with the mass concentration of 75-95%;
s2, adding the nitrogen fertilizer into a high-tower melt guniting granulation tower to carry out under-tower melting to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer in a molten state;
s3, conveying the nitrogen fertilizer in a molten state to a tower top reaction tank of a high-tower molten guniting granulation tower by a pump, adding a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a zinc fertilizer, a boron fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, manganese sulfate and stone powder, mixing and stirring at the stirring temperature of 100 ℃ and 175 ℃, adding anti-hardening oil after reacting for 1 minute, and stirring and reacting for 1 minute to obtain a mixed substance;
s4, feeding the mixed material into a granulation tower of a high-tower melt guniting granulation tower for granulation to obtain fertilizer particles;
s5, when the surface temperature of the fertilizer particles is reduced to 50-60 ℃, mixing the curcumin solution and the organic coating oil uniformly, and coating the fertilizer particles to obtain the ginger juice essence compound fertilizer.
Preferably, in step S1, curcumin is extracted in the following manner:
s11, ethanol extraction: pulverizing Curcuma rhizome into Curcuma rhizome powder, extracting with 95% ethanol solution as solvent by ultrasonic extraction method, and filtering to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
s12, macroporous resin adsorption: adding macroporous adsorption resin into the ethanol extract, stirring and mixing, adding formic acid under stirring, continuously stirring for 30-50min, standing, and filtering to obtain adsorbed macroporous adsorption resin;
s13, separation and purification: loading the adsorbed macroporous adsorption resin into a column, adding deionized water with the same volume as the macroporous adsorption resin for leaching, eluting by taking an ethanol solution with the volume concentration of 60% as a system level, collecting in sections, simultaneously carrying out qualitative analysis on collected liquid by adopting an HPLC method, combining the collected liquid containing the same components, and recovering the solvent until the solvent is dried;
s14, washing the obtained solid with water until no ethanol smell exists, and drying in vacuum to obtain the product.
Preferably, in S2, when the nitrogen fertilizer adopts urea, the melting temperature is 135 ℃; when the nitrogenous fertilizer is an ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer or a nitric phosphate fertilizer, the melting temperature is 165 ℃.
Preferably, in S4, fertilizer particles with the diameter of 2.00-4.75 mm are obtained by screening.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of nitrogen fertilizer 250-containing materials, 310 parts of phosphate fertilizer 170-containing materials, 350 parts of potassium fertilizer 200-containing materials, 0-2 parts of zinc fertilizer, 0-10 parts of boron fertilizer, 0-2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0-1 part of manganese sulfate, 30-200 parts of stone powder, 1-2 parts of organic coating oil and 0.5-1 part of ginger juice essence, wherein the ginger juice essence is a curcumin solution with the mass concentration of 75-95%; the high-concentration curcumin has good compatibility with fertilizers, so that trace elements can be better absorbed by crops, and the post-disaster repair capacity of the crops is improved; superoxide anion free radicals in vivo increase sharply after crop disaster, which seriously affects the normal operation of various physiological activities of crops, and curcumin has strong oxidation resistance and protects plant cells from being damaged by the free radicals; meanwhile, the preparation method is also disclosed, and the high-quality non-degraded compound fertilizer can be prepared in batches.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the table in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the tables is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters denote like items in the following tables, and thus, once an item is defined in one table, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent tables.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on table-shown orientations or positional relationships that are usually placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are only used for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "suspended", and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to tables. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
In order to more clearly express the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to examples.
A compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of nitrogen fertilizer 250-containing materials, 310 parts of phosphate fertilizer 170-containing materials, 350 parts of potassium fertilizer 200-containing materials, 0-2 parts of zinc fertilizer, 0-10 parts of boron fertilizer, 0-2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0-1 part of manganese sulfate, 30-200 parts of stone powder, 1-2 parts of organic coating oil and 0.5-1 part of ginger juice essence, wherein the ginger juice essence is a curcumin solution with the mass concentration of 75-95%. At present, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is low, the return rate of the chemical fertilizers is continuously reduced, and meanwhile, the compatibility of the chemical fertilizers cannot be prepared again, so that the non-point source pollution is serious; therefore, the existing fertilizers such as compound (mixed) fertilizers still have the main stream of general products with medium nutrient proportion, for example, the fertilizers on the market mainly produce high-concentration products with nutrient mass fraction of more than 40%; for example, the fertilizers containing trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, iron, boron and the like have no adjustment to a perfect state in element form compatibility and mutual synergistic action among elements; in the prior art, the traditional preparation process is very convenient to supplement trace elements, the trace element raw materials are generally directly added during mixing granulation, and the raw materials containing crystal water are easy to dehydrate during stirring and mixing, so the medium and trace elements are difficult to uniformly distribute in the product, and the effect of applying the product in farmland soil is avoided, for example, borax in compound fertilizer has low solubility in soil and slow dissolution speed, and cannot fully exert fertilizer effect, and meanwhile, the medium and trace elements (such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper and iron) added in the compound fertilizer can form indissolvable nutrients with phosphorus, so that the nutrient cannot be absorbed and utilized by crops, and the effectiveness of the phosphorus can be reduced. In the scheme, the high-concentration curcumin solution (ginger juice essence) which is extracted from turmeric powder and has the mass concentration of 80% is added, so that the form compatibility among trace elements and the mutual synergistic effect among the elements are fully promoted. Especially, the absorption of phosphorus and nitrogen is promoted.
In the embodiment, the nitrogenous fertilizer is at least one of urea and nitramine phosphate fertilizer; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride; the zinc fertilizer is at least one of zinc oxide and zinc sulfate; the boron fertilizer is at least one of borax and boric acid; the iron fertilizer is at least one of ferrous sulfate and ferric oxide.
As a more preferred embodiment, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of nitramine phosphate fertilizer, 260 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 300 parts of potassium sulfate; 1 part of zinc oxide, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of ferrous sulfate and 1 part of manganese sulfate; 135 parts of stone powder; 1 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil.
In this embodiment, the composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250 parts of urea, 310 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 270 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of ferric oxide and 1 part of manganese sulfate; 130 parts of stone powder, 0.5 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil.
Also discloses a preparation method of the compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence, which adopts the raw materials in parts by weight for preparation and comprises the following steps:
s1, performing biological extraction by using turmeric powder to obtain curcumin solution with the mass concentration of 75-95%;
s2, adding the nitrogen fertilizer into a high-tower melt guniting granulation tower to carry out under-tower melting to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer in a molten state; when the phosphate fertilizer adopts urea, the melting temperature is 135 ℃; when the nitrogenous fertilizer is an ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer or a nitric phosphate fertilizer, the melting temperature is 165 ℃;
s3, conveying the nitrogen fertilizer in a molten state to a tower top reaction tank of a high-tower molten guniting granulation tower by a pump, adding a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a zinc fertilizer, a boron fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, manganese sulfate and stone powder, mixing and stirring at the stirring temperature of 100 ℃ and 175 ℃, adding anti-hardening oil after reacting for 1 minute, and stirring and reacting for 1 minute to obtain a mixed substance;
s4, feeding the mixed material into a granulation tower of a high-tower melt guniting granulation tower for granulation to obtain fertilizer particles; screening to obtain fertilizer particles with the diameter of 2.00-4.75 mm in S4;
s5, when the surface temperature of the fertilizer particles is reduced to 50-60 ℃, mixing the curcumin solution and the organic coating oil uniformly, and coating the fertilizer particles to obtain the ginger juice essence compound fertilizer.
Preferably, in step S1, curcumin is extracted in the following manner:
s11, ethanol extraction: pulverizing Curcuma rhizome into Curcuma rhizome powder, extracting with 95% ethanol solution as solvent by ultrasonic extraction method, and filtering to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
s12, macroporous resin adsorption: adding macroporous adsorption resin into the ethanol extract, stirring and mixing, adding formic acid under stirring, continuously stirring for 30-50min, standing, and filtering to obtain adsorbed macroporous adsorption resin;
s13, separation and purification: loading the adsorbed macroporous adsorption resin into a column, adding deionized water with the same volume as the macroporous adsorption resin for leaching, eluting by taking an ethanol solution with the volume concentration of 60% as a system level, collecting in sections, simultaneously carrying out qualitative analysis on collected liquid by adopting an HPLC method, combining the collected liquid containing the same components, and recovering the solvent until the solvent is dried;
s14, washing the obtained solid with water until no ethanol smell exists, and drying in vacuum to obtain the product.
When the nitrogen fertilizer adopts urea, the melting temperature is 135 ℃; when the nitrogenous fertilizer is an ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer or a nitric phosphate fertilizer, the melting temperature is 165 ℃.
The ginger juice essence prepared by the method has the curcumin content of over 80 percent, high purity, higher activity, and capability of being extracted from natural components, loading essential plant nutrient components such as trace nutrient elements, free amino acid and the like. Of course, curcumin solution with a concentration of 80% can also be purchased on the market during the preparation process.
Example 1
Accurately weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of urea, 170 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 350 parts of potassium chloride; 130 parts of stone powder; 0.5 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil;
melting 350 parts of urea in a tower at 135 ℃; pumping the melted urea into a reaction tank at the top of the tower by a pump, fully mixing and stirring 170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 350 parts of potassium chloride, 130 parts of stone powder, 0.5 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil which are lifted into the reaction tank, reacting at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 175 ℃, adding anti-hardening oil after reacting for 1 minute, and stirring and reacting for 1 minute; and after the reaction is finished, the mixture flows into a granulator arranged on the top of the tower for granulation, the granulator discharges materials and freely falls to the bottom of the tower, particles with the diameter of 2-4.75mm are obtained by screening after cooling, the ginger juice essence and the organic coating oil are uniformly mixed when the surface temperature of the fertilizer particles is reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the screened particles are coated to obtain a test product 1.
Example 2
Accurately weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250 parts of urea, 310 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 270 parts of potassium sulfate; 30 parts of potassium chloride; 1 part of zinc sulfate; 2 parts of borax; 1 part of ferric oxide; 1 part of manganese sulfate; 130 parts of stone powder; 0.5 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil;
melting 250 parts of urea in a tower at 135 ℃; pumping the molten urea into a reaction tank at the top of the tower by a pump, and lifting the urea into the reaction tank, wherein 310 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 270 parts of potassium sulfate and 30 parts of potassium chloride are added into the reaction tank; 1 part of zinc sulfate; 2 parts of borax; 1 part of ferric oxide; 1 part of manganese sulfate; 130 parts of stone powder, 0.5 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil are fully mixed and stirred, the reaction temperature is 100-175 ℃, the anti-hardening oil is added after the reaction is carried out for 1 minute, and the stirring reaction is carried out for 1 minute; and after the reaction is finished, the mixture flows into a granulator arranged on the top of the tower for granulation, the granulator discharges materials and freely falls to the bottom of the tower, particles with the diameter of 2-4.75mm are obtained by screening after cooling, the ginger juice essence and the organic coating oil are uniformly mixed when the surface temperature of the fertilizer particles is reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the screened particles are coated to obtain a test product 2.
Example 3
Accurately weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of nitramine phosphate fertilizer, 260 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 300 parts of potassium sulfate; 1 part of zinc oxide, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of ferrous sulfate and 1 part of manganese sulfate; 135 parts of a filler; 1 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil;
melting 300 parts of nitramine phosphate fertilizer in a tower at 165 ℃; pumping the melted ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer into a reaction tank at the top of the tower by a pump, and lifting 260 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 300 parts of potassium sulfate into the reaction tank; 1 part of zinc oxide, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of ferrous sulfate and 1 part of manganese sulfate; 135 parts of a filler; 1 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil are fully mixed and stirred, the reaction temperature is 100-175 ℃, the anti-hardening oil is added after the reaction is carried out for 1 minute, and the stirring reaction is carried out for 1 minute; and after the reaction is finished, the mixture flows into a granulator arranged on the top of the tower for granulation, the granulator discharges materials and freely falls to the bottom of the tower, particles with the diameter of 2-4.75mm are obtained by screening after cooling, the ginger juice essence and the organic coating oil are uniformly mixed when the surface temperature of the fertilizer particles is reduced to 50-60 ℃, and the screened particles are coated to obtain a test product 3.
Experimental example 1
Fertilizing and cultivating amaranth by using the test products 1, 2 and 3 and conventional compound fertilizer (conventional compound fertilizer without curcumin added) under the same soil condition, and setting a group of control groups without fertilization; new seedlings can be produced 3 to 5 days after the amaranth is sowed; so the fertilization frequency is once a day after planting; the whole plant is grown after 5 days for measurement; table 1 was obtained:
TABLE 1 growth vigor of amaranth treated differently
Wherein, examples 1-3 correspond to finished fertilizers of the test products 1-3, and the corresponding mode is continued to be used in subsequent tests; as shown in table 1, the amaranth cultivated using the fertilizer of the test article 1 to 3 has a great growth advantage compared to the amaranth not fertilized and the common fertilizer crop, and the stem diameter thereof is increased by 33.71% and 16.00% respectively compared to the amaranth using the conventional compound fertilizer without the fertilizer treatment agent; the weight of each plant is increased by 56.55 percent and 36.27 percent respectively compared with that of the plants which are not fertilized and applied with the conventional compound fertilizer; the root length is respectively increased by 20.02 percent and 5.96 percent compared with that of the conventional compound fertilizer and the fertilizer which is not applied; however, through the research of the prior art, the amaranth seedlings can inhibit the growth in the low-calcium and high-ferrous example environments, the change of the concentration of other mineral elements is not obvious to the growth of the amaranth, firstly, the three test products are obviously superior to the conventional compound fertilizer, and the three test products have low-concentration ferrous oxide environments with the test products 2 and 3, but the rise is more average, so that the ginger juice essence can be compatible with trace elements in a form, the growth influence of other trace elements on the amaranth is improved, and the inhibition effect of the ferrous ion environment is reduced. Has obvious effects of promoting the root and strengthening the seedling.
Experimental example 2
As in Experimental example 1, the test products 1-3 and the conventional compound fertilizer were used to perform the freeze-proofing fertilization treatment on the flowering cabbage at 4 deg.C, and the results are shown in Table 2
TABLE 2 relative injury degree and POD Activity of differently treated flowering cabbage leaves
As shown in Table 2, the leaf of cabbage heart treated with the fertilizers of test items 1 to 3 had the lowest relative degree of freezing and was reduced by 48.00% and 41.00% compared to the non-fertilizer treatment and the comparative fertilizer treatment; the POD activity of the leaves of the cabbage heart treated by the fertilizer of the example is the highest, and the POD activity of the leaves of the cabbage heart is improved by 37.58 percent and 30.06 percent compared with the cabbage heart treated by the fertilizer of the comparative example and the leaf of the cabbage heart treated by the fertilizer of the comparative example respectively. Therefore, the fertilizer of the embodiment has the functions of remarkably improving the stress resistance of crops, having strong restoration capability after disasters and quickly restoring normal growth of the crops.
Experimental example 3
The green cucumber planted in a pot is treated by adopting the treatment mode (1-3 of the test product, conventional compound fertilizer and no fertilizer application) in the step 5 so as to observe the effect of the green cucumber on prolonging the crop harvesting period; the results are given in Table 3 below
TABLE 3 harvesting periods for different treatments of potted cucumber
As can be seen from table 3, the potted cucumber plants treated with the test items 1-3 had the longest harvest time, which was increased by 58.33% and 19.75% respectively compared to the treatment with no fertilizer and the treatment with the fertilizer of the comparative example only; the key point of prolonging the crop harvesting period is the balance effect of various mineral substances, the potassium fertilizer environment and the nitrogen fertilizer environment can not be balanced, and the potassium fertilizer and the nitrogen fertilizer are applied to the test products 1-3, so that the curcumin plays a role in balancing the element environment and the trace element effect.
Experimental example 4
Planting the same variety of green cucumber in the same soil environment of the same land, and respectively applying 1-3 of a test product and a contrast fertilizer to the crops in each unit area, wherein the unit area is also not subjected to fertilizer application; the results are shown in Table 4
TABLE 4 Effect of different treatments on cucumber yield and quality
As shown in table 4, the yield of the cucumber treated with the fertilizer of the example was the highest, and the average yield per mu was increased by 51.68% and 22.05% respectively compared with the cucumber treated with no fertilizer and the fertilizer of the comparative example; the green cucumber treated by the fertilizer of the embodiment has good quality and rich nutrition, and the content of soluble sugar is respectively increased by 27.21 percent and 17.78 percent compared with the green cucumber treated by the fertilizer of the comparative example. Therefore, the fertilizer containing curcumin greatly improves the yield and quality of the product.
Experimental example 5
The potted green cucumber is treated in the seedling stage by adopting the treatment mode, and the incidence rates of powdery mildew and downy mildew in the observation stage are respectively improved; as shown in table 5
TABLE 5 incidence rates of powdery mildew and downy mildew of potted cucumber at seedling stage
As shown in Table 5, the incidence rates of powdery mildew and downy mildew of the green cucumber treated by applying the fertilizer of the example are lowest, and the incidence rates of powdery mildew and downy mildew at the seedling stage are reduced by 48.42% and 27.34% respectively compared with the seedling stage of the green cucumber treated by not applying the fertilizer and applying the fertilizer of the comparative example; during the growth period of the cucumber, the absorption of nitrogen elements within 30 days after planting is the most critical, and during the later reproductive growth period, the required amount of phosphorus is increased sharply, while the required amount of nitrogen is slightly reduced; potassium is required to be absorbed during the whole growth period; therefore, the results show that the curcumin fertilizer is applied, so that the absorption of various major elements, medium elements and trace elements in the whole stage of crops is in a better level, the morbidity is reduced, and the effects of preventing and inhibiting diseases are obvious.
Comparative example
Four treatment control groups are designed in the comparative example, each treatment mode corresponds to 5 pots, 2 plants in each pot are fertilized twice in 3 days after transplantation in the test period, each time is 0.5 g/pot, the two fertilization are separated by 7 days, the low-temperature cold storage treatment is carried out 3 days after the second fertilization, the temperature is 4 ℃, the normal temperature environment is recovered after 48 hours of storage, the fertilization is carried out again after the normal temperature is recovered for 24 hours, the application amount is 0.5 g/pot, and the sampling is started 2 days after fertilization; measuring relative permeability and relative injury degree of leaf membrane, POD (peroxidase activity) and MDA (malondialdehyde) content, harvesting after seven days, and measuring plant height, leaf SPAD, ground fresh weight and root fresh weight of each treatment. Specific application amounts and fertilizer types are as follows in table 6:
TABLE 6 fertilization amount and mode of each treatment control group
Wherein, 18-8-18 is a common fertilizer code in the prior art, namely the contents of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer are respectively 18%, 8% and 18%.
The following data were obtained by the above process: tables 7 to 8
TABLE 7 fresh weight on ground at harvest time of Shanghai green treated with different fertilising treatments
TABLE 8 POD Activity and MDA content after Cold injury of Shanghai green treated with different fertilising treatments
As can be seen from the data in table 7, the above-ground fresh weights of the shanghai green treated in treatments 2 to 4 were increased by 6.09%, 18.21% and 33.30%, respectively, and the root fresh weights were increased by 7.14%, 16.33% and 30.61%, respectively, as compared with treatment 1. The trace elements and the curcumin can improve the overground and underground growth amount of crops at low temperature, wherein the effect of the curcumin alone is better than that of the trace elements, and when the curcumin and the trace elements exist at the same time and are in a certain proportion, the obtained effect is better than the superposition of the curcumin and the trace elements, so that the curcumin and the trace elements have the synergistic effect; meanwhile, as can be seen from the data in table 8, the POD activities of the leaves after the cold injury of the shanghai green treated by the treatments 2 to 4 are respectively increased by 5.78%, 24.18% and 38.33% compared with the treatment 1, the MDA contents are respectively reduced by 5.97%, 17.91% and 32.84%, and the results of the treatments 2 and 1 are seen alone, the influence of trace elements on the improvement of the antioxidant capacity of crops at low temperature is small; the effect of the reverse observation treatment 3 is increased rapidly, which shows that the oxidation resistance of the curcumin to crops at low temperature is improved greatly; the result of the treatment 4 shows that the compounding effect of the trace elements and the curcumin is far better than the sum of the individual synergies of the trace elements and the curcumin, which indicates that the trace elements and the curcumin have the synergy.
In conclusion, the curcumin is added into the fertilizer, so that the trace elements in the fertilizer and various basic fertilizer sources (nitrogen sources, phosphorus sources and the like) can be subjected to form compatibility, and the synergistic effect is increased.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the ginger juice essence is extracted and successfully used for producing the compound fertilizer. The extracted ginger juice essence has high content of functional components, low consumption and good compatibility with fertilizers, and a new process flow is not added;
2. improving the post-disaster repair capability of crops. Superoxide anion free radicals in vivo increase sharply after crop disaster, which seriously affects the normal operation of various physiological activities of crops, and the existence of curcumin enables plants to have strong oxidation resistance and protects cells from being damaged by free radicals;
3. the disease is reduced. Curcumin has a sterilization function, can effectively prevent diseases and reduce the dosage of pesticides;
4. the fruiting period is prolonged. The damage caused by oxidation pressure or free radicals is one of the main reasons for aging and degradation, and the curcumin is a strong antioxidant, so that the aging and degradation of crops can be effectively delayed, and the fruiting period is prolonged;
5. increasing the yield and improving the quality. The ginger juice essence can improve the stress resistance of crops and ensure that the crops quickly recover normal growth in the stress environment; can also prolong the fruiting period, thereby achieving the double increase of yield and quality.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of nitrogen fertilizer 250-containing materials, 310 parts of phosphate fertilizer 170-containing materials, 350 parts of potassium fertilizer 200-containing materials, 0-2 parts of zinc fertilizer, 0-10 parts of boron fertilizer, 0-2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0-1 part of manganese sulfate, 30-200 parts of fillers, 1-2 parts of organic coating oil and 0.5-1 part of ginger juice essence, wherein the ginger juice essence is a curcumin solution with the mass concentration of 75-95%.
2. The compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is at least one of urea, a nitrammonium phosphate fertilizer and a nitrophosphate fertilizer; the phosphate fertilizer is at least one of monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate; the potash fertilizer is at least one of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride; the zinc fertilizer is at least one of zinc oxide and zinc sulfate; the boron fertilizer is at least one of borax and boric acid; the iron fertilizer is at least one of ferrous sulfate and ferric oxide; the filler is stone powder.
3. The compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300 parts of nitramine phosphate fertilizer, 260 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 300 parts of potassium sulfate; 1 part of zinc oxide, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of ferrous sulfate and 1 part of manganese sulfate; 135 parts of stone powder; 1 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil.
4. The compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250 parts of urea, 310 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 270 parts of potassium sulfate, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of borax, 1 part of ferric oxide and 1 part of manganese sulfate; 130 parts of stone powder, 0.5 part of ginger juice essence and 2 parts of organic coating oil.
5. The compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence according to claim 1, wherein the ginger juice essence is curcumin solution extracted from turmeric powder and having a mass concentration of 80%.
6. A preparation method of a compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence is characterized by adopting the raw materials in parts by weight according to any one of claims 1-5 to prepare the compound fertilizer, and comprises the following steps:
s1, performing biological extraction by using turmeric powder to obtain curcumin solution with the mass concentration of 75-95%;
s2, adding the nitrogen fertilizer into a high-tower melt guniting granulation tower to carry out under-tower melting to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer in a molten state;
s3, conveying the nitrogen fertilizer in a molten state to a tower top reaction tank of a high-tower molten guniting granulation tower by a pump, adding a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a zinc fertilizer, a boron fertilizer, an iron fertilizer, manganese sulfate and stone powder, mixing and stirring at the stirring temperature of 100 ℃ and 175 ℃, adding anti-hardening oil after reacting for 1 minute, and stirring and reacting for 1 minute to obtain a mixed substance;
s4, feeding the mixed material into a granulation tower of a high-tower melt guniting granulation tower for granulation to obtain fertilizer particles;
s5, when the surface temperature of the fertilizer particles is reduced to 50-60 ℃, mixing the curcumin solution and the organic coating oil uniformly, and coating the fertilizer particles to obtain the ginger juice essence compound fertilizer.
7. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence according to claim 1, wherein in the step of S1, curcumin is extracted in the following way:
s11, ethanol extraction: pulverizing Curcuma rhizome into Curcuma rhizome powder, extracting with 95% ethanol solution as solvent by ultrasonic extraction method, and filtering to obtain ethanol extractive solution;
s12, macroporous resin adsorption: adding macroporous adsorption resin into the ethanol extract, stirring and mixing, adding formic acid under stirring, continuously stirring for 30-50min, standing, and filtering to obtain adsorbed macroporous adsorption resin;
s13, separation and purification: loading the adsorbed macroporous adsorption resin into a column, adding deionized water with the same volume as the macroporous adsorption resin for leaching, eluting by taking an ethanol solution with the volume concentration of 60% as a system level, collecting in sections, simultaneously carrying out qualitative analysis on collected liquid by adopting an HPLC method, combining the collected liquid containing the same components, and recovering the solvent until the solvent is dried;
s14, washing the obtained solid with water until no ethanol smell exists, and drying in vacuum to obtain the product.
8. The method for preparing a compound fertilizer containing ginger juice essence according to claim 6, wherein in S2, when the nitrogen fertilizer is urea, the melting temperature is 135 ℃; when the nitrogenous fertilizer is an ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer or a nitric phosphate fertilizer, the melting temperature is 165 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the compound fertilizer containing the ginger juice essence according to claim 6, wherein fertilizer particles with the diameter of 2.00-4.75 mm are obtained by screening in S4.
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