CN112616467B

CN112616467B - Fruit tree grafting machine

Info

Publication number: CN112616467B
Application number: CN202110031527.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘景超; 高扬; 张晓玉; 李焕勇
Original assignee: Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-01-11
Filing date: 2021-01-11
Publication date: 2023-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-11
Also published as: CN112616467A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fruit tree grafting machine, which belongs to the field of fruit tree grafting and comprises a box body, wherein a box cover is detachably arranged on the upper side of the box body, a motor and a cutting roller are arranged in the box body, a plurality of conical blocks are uniformly arranged on the roller surface of the cutting roller, two ends of a rotating shaft of the cutting roller are rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the box body, a driving wheel is arranged at the driving end of the motor, a driven wheel is arranged at one end of the cutting roller, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are driven by a driving belt. The invention has simple operation, high safety and convenient carrying, adopts electric cutting to the branches, can accurately control the shape of the cut, has high cut qualification rate, avoids the waste of the branches, is beneficial to improving the survival rate of later grafting, can stably clamp the branches with different diameters, has simple and convenient cutting process, has low requirement on the technical capability of personnel, can realize large-batch continuous operation, improves the efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of the personnel.

Description

Fruit tree grafting machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree grafting, in particular to a fruit tree grafting machine.

Background

Fruit tree grafting is one of the asexual propagation methods of fruit trees, that is, the branch or bud of excellent variety is grafted to proper position of another plant, and the two are combined to produce new plant.

When fruit tree grafting is carried out, a rootstock and a branch need to be cut, then the branch is inserted into the rootstock and bound, in the prior art, a blade is generally manually held to cut the branch to form a spliced notch, the operation mode is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and is not suitable for continuous large-scale operation, the shape of the cut is not easy to control, the requirement on the technical capability of personnel is high, otherwise, the qualification rate of the notch is low, the branch is wasted, and the grafting success rate is even influenced, so the fruit tree grafting machine is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a fruit tree grafting machine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a fruit tree grafting machine comprises a box body, wherein a box cover is detachably arranged on the upper side of the box body, a motor and a cutting roller are arranged in the box body, a plurality of conical blocks are uniformly arranged on the roller surface of the cutting roller, two ends of a rotating shaft of the cutting roller are rotatably installed with the inner wall of the box body, a driving wheel is installed at the driving end of the motor, a driven wheel is installed at one end of the cutting roller, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are in transmission through a transmission belt, a vertical screw rod is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the box body and on the side far away from the motor and the cutting roller through a rotating seat, a moving block is installed on the side wall of the vertical screw rod in a threaded mode, a transverse screw rod and a transverse sliding rod are transversely inserted into the moving block, two ends of the transverse screw rod and the transverse sliding rod are slidably installed with the inner wall of the box body, a threaded pipe is threadedly installed on the transverse screw rod, a sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved on the transverse sleeve pipe, a vertical insertion pipe is installed on the threaded pipe and the sliding sleeve pipe together, and a clamping mechanism is arranged in the vertical insertion pipe;

clamping mechanism includes adjusting bolt, location slide bar and splint, adjusting bolt and vertical intubate threaded installation, adjusting bolt's one end extends to the outside of vertical intubate, and the other end rotates the installation with the lateral wall of splint, location slide bar and vertical intubate slidable mounting, the one end of location slide bar extends to the outside of vertical intubate, the lateral wall fixed mounting of the other end and horizontal screw rod.

Furthermore, the lower side of the box body is detachably provided with a bottom plate, the bottom plate adopts a filter screen plate, and the bottom plate is detachably mounted with the bottom of the box body through a plurality of assembling bolts.

Further, the box body and the box cover are detachably mounted through a plurality of hasps, and a lifting handle is mounted on the top wall of the box cover.

Furthermore, a storage battery is arranged in the box body and electrically connected with the motor.

Furthermore, the upper side and the lower side of the vertical screw rod are rotatably installed with a rotating seat, and the rotating seats are fixedly installed with the inner side wall of the box body.

Furthermore, vertical sliding grooves matched with the transverse screw rods and the transverse sliding rods are formed in the inner side wall of the box body respectively.

Furthermore, the transverse section of the vertical insertion pipe is of a square structure, and the vertical insertion pipe is provided with a threaded hole matched with the adjusting bolt and a positioning sliding hole matched with the positioning sliding rod.

Furthermore, two jacks are transversely formed in the moving block respectively, and the aperture of each jack is larger than the diameter of each transverse screw and each transverse sliding rod.

Further, the knob is installed on the top of vertical screw rod, the knob is installed to the one end that vertical screw rod was kept away from to horizontal screw rod, the knob is installed to the one end that adjusting bolt extends to the vertical intubate outside.

Furthermore, the inner wall surface of splint is the arc, and is fixed with the rubber pad.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention adopts the form of driving the cutting roller by the motor, can electrically cut the branches, can accurately control the shape of the cut during cutting, ensures the qualification rate of the cut, avoids the waste of the branches and is beneficial to improving the survival rate of later grafting.

2. The invention can stably clamp branches with different diameters and then electrically cut the branches, has simple and convenient cutting process and low requirement on the technical ability of personnel, can realize large-batch continuous operation, improves the efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of the personnel.

3. The portable mountain climbing robot is small in appearance, simple to operate, high in safety and convenient to carry, and is suitable for being carried and operated in mountain areas with complex environments.

In conclusion, the electric branch cutting machine is simple to operate, high in safety and convenient to carry, adopts electric cutting to branches, can accurately control the shape of a cut, is high in cut qualification rate, avoids branch waste, is beneficial to improving the survival rate of later grafting, can stably clamp the branches with different diameters, is simple and convenient in cutting process, has low requirement on the technical capability of personnel, can realize large-batch continuous operation, improves the efficiency and reduces the labor intensity of the personnel.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a fruit tree grafting machine provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a vertical cannula according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front internal cross-sectional view of a vertical cannula according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the control before and after cutting of shoots.

In the figure: the device comprises a box body 1, a box cover 2, a base plate 3, a motor 4, a driving wheel 5, a cutting roller 6, a conical block 601, a driven wheel 7, a driving belt 8, a hasp 9, a vertical screw rod 10, a moving block 11, a transverse screw rod 12, a transverse sliding rod 1201, a threaded pipe 13, a sliding sleeve 1301, a vertical insertion pipe 14, a branch 15, a notch 1501, a handle 16, an assembly bolt 17, a rotating seat 18, an adjusting bolt 19, a positioning sliding rod 1901 and a clamping plate 20.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, a fruit tree grafting machine comprises a box body 1, a box cover 2 is detachably arranged on the upper side of the box body 1, the box body 1 and the box cover 2 are detachably mounted through a plurality of hasps 9, and a lifting handle 16 is mounted on the top wall of the box cover 2. The cover 2 can be separated from the box body 1 by opening the buckle 9, and then the placement and cutting operation of the branches 15 are carried out. The whole grafting machine can be conveniently moved and carried through the handle 16, and in an actual operating environment, such as a mountain forest with complex terrain, the grafting machine has good portability, so that the burden of personnel is reduced.

The lower side of the box body 1 is detachably provided with a bottom plate 3, and the bottom plate 3 is detachably installed with the bottom of the box body 1 through a plurality of assembling bolts 17. The assembling bolt 17 can be separated from or installed on the box body 1 by rotating, and the assembling method is very simple and convenient.

A motor 4 and a cutting roller 6 are arranged in the box body 1, a storage battery is arranged in the box body 1, and the storage battery is electrically connected with the motor 4. Evenly be equipped with a plurality of conical blocks 601 on the roll surface of cutting roller 6, the installation is rotated with the inner wall of box 1 at the pivot both ends of cutting roller 6, and action wheel 5 is installed to the drive end of motor 4, and driven wheel 7 is installed to the one end of cutting roller 6, and action wheel 5 passes through the transmission of drive belt 8 with following driving wheel 7.

The scraps generated when the branches 15 are cut are collected on the bottom plate 3, and the scraps can be cleaned by disassembling the bottom plate 3.

The bottom plate 3 can also adopt a filter screen plate, on one hand, the filter screen plate facilitates the chips to directly fall out of the box body 1, and on the other hand, facilitates the heat dissipation of the motor 4.

The battery supplies power for motor 4, and when motor 4 opened, driving wheel 5 can drive cutting roller 6 and rotate in the box with driven wheel 7 through the transmission of drive belt 8, and the toper piece 601 that sets up on the roll surface of cutting roller 6 can polish branch 15 to the cutting forms incision 1501 (refer to fig. 6).

A vertical screw rod 10 is rotatably installed on one side, away from the motor 4 and the cutting roller 6, of the inner wall of the box body 1 through a rotating seat 18, a moving block 11 is installed on the side wall of the vertical screw rod 10 in a threaded mode, a transverse screw rod 12 and a transverse sliding rod 1201 are transversely inserted into the moving block 11, two ends of the transverse screw rod 12 and two ends of the transverse sliding rod 1201 are both installed on the inner wall of the box body 1 in a sliding mode, a threaded pipe 13 is installed on the transverse screw rod 12 in a threaded mode, the transverse sliding rod 1201 is sleeved with a sliding sleeve pipe 1301 in a sliding mode, the threaded pipe 13 and the sliding sleeve pipe 1301 are jointly provided with a vertical insertion pipe 14, and a clamping mechanism is arranged in the vertical insertion pipe 14;

the top end of the vertical screw rod 10 is provided with a knob, the vertical screw rod 10 is rotated to control the moving block 11 to move up and down, and simultaneously the horizontal screw rod 12, the horizontal sliding rod 1201 and the vertical insertion tube 14 are driven to integrally move up and down simultaneously.

The end of the transverse screw 12 far from the vertical screw 10 is provided with a knob, and when the transverse screw 12 is rotated, the vertical insertion tube 14 can be controlled to move transversely along the transverse screw 12 and the transverse sliding rod 1201 through the mutual matching of the transverse screw 12 and the threaded tube 13.

The clamping mechanism comprises an adjusting bolt 19, a positioning sliding rod 1901 and a clamping plate 20, the adjusting bolt 19 is in threaded installation with the vertical insertion tube 14, one end of the adjusting bolt 19 extends to the outer side of the vertical insertion tube 14, the other end of the adjusting bolt is in rotating installation with the side wall of the clamping plate 20, the positioning sliding rod 1901 is in sliding installation with the vertical insertion tube 14, one end of the positioning sliding rod 1901 extends to the outer side of the vertical insertion tube 14, and the other end of the positioning sliding rod 1901 is fixedly installed with the side wall of the transverse screw 12. The knob is mounted at the end of the adjusting bolt 19 extending outside the vertical insertion tube 14.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the branch 15 is inserted into the vertical insertion tube 14, the adjusting bolt 19 is rotated to control the clamping plate 20 to move, so that the branch 15 is clamped by the clamping plate 20, and then the vertical insertion tube 14 and the branch 15 are controlled to move by rotating the vertical screw 10 and the transverse screw 12, so that the branch 15 can gradually contact the rotating cutting roller 6, and at this time, the conical block 601 on the cutting roller 6 can grind and cut the branch 15, so that a cut 1501 shown in fig. 6 is formed.

The upper side and the lower side of the vertical screw rod 10 are rotatably installed with one rotating seat 18, and the two rotating seats 18 are fixedly installed with the inner side wall of the box body 1. The rotating seat 18 provides support for the vertical screw 10.

Vertical sliding grooves matched with the transverse screw rods 12 and the transverse sliding rods 1201 are respectively formed in the inner side wall of the box body 1.

The transverse section of the vertical insertion pipe 14 is of a square structure, and the vertical insertion pipe 14 is provided with a threaded hole matched with the adjusting bolt 19 and a positioning sliding hole matched with the positioning sliding rod 1901.

In addition, the transverse section of the vertical insertion tube 14 can also be a circular structure, and the shape can be set according to the requirement, but the splint 20 can be ensured to move smoothly in the vertical insertion tube, and meanwhile, the placement of the branches 15 is convenient.

Two jacks are respectively transversely formed in the moving block 11, and the aperture of each jack is larger than the diameter of each transverse screw 12 and the diameter of each transverse sliding rod 1201. The moving block 11 can drive the transverse screw 12 and the transverse sliding rod 1201 to move up and down simultaneously along with the rotation of the vertical screw 10, and when the transverse screw 12 rotates, the moving block 11 does not move transversely.

The inner wall surface of the splint 20 is arc-shaped and fixed with a rubber pad. The inner side wall of the splint 20 is provided with a rubber pad, which can increase the friction force and has a buffering effect to avoid pinching the epidermis and branch buds of the branch 15. The arc-shaped design can be more suitable for being matched with the surface of the branch 15.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows:

the box cover 2 is opened, the branches 15 are placed in the vertical insertion pipes 14, the clamping plates 20 can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolts 19, the branches 15 are clamped and fixed through the clamping plates 20, then the motor 4 is started, the motor 4 can drive the cutting roller 6 to rotate, the positions of the branches 15 can be controlled by respectively rotating the vertical screw rods 10 and the transverse screw rods 12, the branches 15 are gradually contacted with the cutting roller 6, cuts 1501 are formed in the branches 15, the branches 15 are taken out, and grafting can be conducted on the branches 15 and the rootstocks.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fruit tree grafting machine, includes box (1), its characterized in that, the upside of box (1) can be dismantled and be provided with case lid (2), be equipped with motor (4) and cutting roller (6) in box (1), evenly be equipped with a plurality of toper pieces (601) on the roll surface of cutting roller (6), the pivot both ends of cutting roller (6) rotate the installation with the inner wall of box (1), action wheel (5) are installed to the drive end of motor (4), the one end of cutting roller (6) is installed from driving wheel (7), action wheel (5) and from driving wheel (7) through drive belt (8) transmission, the inner wall of box (1) and keep away from one side of motor (4) and cutting roller (6) and rotate through rotating seat (18) and install vertical screw rod (10), screw thread installation movable block (11) on the lateral wall of vertical screw rod (10), movable block (11) transversely insert and are equipped with horizontal screw rod (12) and horizontal slide bar (13), the both ends of horizontal screw rod (1201) all with the inner wall of box (1) slide bushing (13), slide bushing (13) and slide bushing (1301) are installed to the casing (13) and slide bushing (13) and the casing (13) are equipped with the common casing (13) and the casing (13) to the casing (13) and the casing (1301) are installed to the slide bushing (13) A clamping mechanism is arranged in the vertical insertion pipe (14);

the clamping mechanism comprises an adjusting bolt (19), a positioning sliding rod (1901) and a clamping plate (20), the adjusting bolt (19) is in threaded installation with the vertical insertion tube (14), one end of the adjusting bolt (19) extends to the outer side of the vertical insertion tube (14), the other end of the adjusting bolt is in rotational installation with the side wall of the clamping plate (20), the positioning sliding rod (1901) is in sliding installation with the vertical insertion tube (14), one end of the positioning sliding rod (1901) extends to the outer side of the vertical insertion tube (14), and the other end of the positioning sliding rod is fixedly installed with the side wall of the transverse screw (12);

the upper side and the lower side of the vertical screw rod (10) are rotatably installed with a rotating seat (18), and the two rotating seats (18) are fixedly installed with the inner side wall of the box body (1);

vertical sliding grooves matched with the transverse screw rods (12) and the transverse sliding rods (1201) are respectively formed in the inner side wall of the box body (1);

the transverse section of the vertical insertion pipe (14) is of a square structure, and the vertical insertion pipe (14) is provided with a threaded hole matched with the adjusting bolt (19) and a positioning sliding hole matched with the positioning sliding rod (1901);

the moving block (11) is respectively transversely provided with two jacks, and the aperture of each jack is larger than the diameter of the transverse screw (12) and the diameter of the transverse sliding rod (1201);

a knob is mounted at the top end of the vertical screw rod (10), a knob is mounted at one end, away from the vertical screw rod (10), of the transverse screw rod (12), and a knob is mounted at one end, extending to the outer side of the vertical insertion pipe (14), of the adjusting bolt (19);

the inner wall surface of the splint (20) is arc-shaped and is fixed with a rubber pad.

2. The fruit tree grafting machine according to claim 1, wherein the lower side of the box body (1) is detachably provided with a bottom plate (3), the bottom plate (3) adopts a filter screen plate, and the bottom plate (3) is detachably mounted with the bottom of the box body (1) through a plurality of assembling bolts (17).

3. The fruit tree grafting machine according to claim 1, wherein the box body (1) and the box cover (2) are detachably mounted by a plurality of hasps (9), and a handle (16) is mounted on the top wall of the box cover (2).

4. A fruit tree grafting machine according to any one of the claims 1-3, wherein a storage battery is arranged in the box body (1), and the storage battery is electrically connected with the motor (4).