CN112611277A - Pool rock foundation excavation blasting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a pool rock foundation excavation blasting method, which relates to the technical field of blasting construction of foundation pit excavation engineering and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of earth surface cleaning, lofting and hole distributing, forming a construction platform, drilling, checking and accepting blast holes, cleaning and plugging, charging and filling, laying and connecting detonating lines, detonating and the like. Through before drilling, maintain original ground for notch cuttype construction platform, make things convenient for follow-up self-propelled down-the-hole drill to climb onto notch cuttype construction platform for drilling efficiency, this application has effects such as blasting effect is good, construction cycle is short.

Description

Pool rock foundation excavation blasting method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of blasting construction of foundation pit excavation engineering, in particular to a pool rock foundation excavation blasting method.

Background

In the process of pool construction, when the foundation pit is excavated, the foundation is inevitably rock soil, and blasting treatment is needed at the moment. Although rock blasting is a mature technology, the depth of a pool is generally larger than 5 meters, so the depth of a pool foundation pit is also deeper, the blasting difficulty is obviously increased when the pool meets rock soil, if a conventional rock blasting process is adopted, the depth of blast holes is hardly less than 5 meters, the blasting effect is not good, the drilling difficulty is large, the construction period is long, and the improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the problems of difficulty in drilling the rock foundation of the deep foundation pit and poor blasting effect, the application provides a pool rock foundation excavation blasting method.

The application provides a pool rock foundation excavation blasting method, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a pool rock foundation excavation blasting method comprises the following steps:

surface cleaning: cleaning up surface soil and scum of the field before hole distribution;

lofting and hole distribution: arranging blast holes according to designed blast hole network parameters and arranging the blast holes into a quincunx type or a matrix type, carrying out hole position measurement lofting according to point positions, and marking the tendency, the inclination angle, the depth and the aperture of each blast hole position;

forming a construction platform: trimming the original ground into a step-shaped construction platform;

drilling: the self-propelled down-the-hole drill climbs the step-type construction platform, the position of the self-propelled down-the-hole drill is stable by utilizing a self hydraulic support, a drill rod and the ground are inclined to form an included angle of 80 degrees according to the hole position after lofting of a measuring person, and rock drilling and drilling are carried out by inclining to an initiation center;

and (4) checking and accepting the blast hole: measuring the inclination, inclination angle, depth and aperture of each blast hole, and requiring reworking or drilling repairing for unqualified blast holes;

clearing and plugging: cleaning broken stones and sundries within a range of 0.5m around the blast hole orifice, and immediately plugging the blast hole orifice;

charging and filling: when in charging, the explosive roll is charged to the bottom by using a gun rod, the quality and the length are ensured when in filling, after 1 section of explosive roll is placed, the explosive roll is compacted by using a wooden or bamboo gun rod, the insertion size of the gun rod is recorded every time, the total length of the filling plug in the construction is 1.1-1.3 times of the length of the resistant line, the explosive is charged at intervals by adopting a single-hole coupling mode, after the single-hole explosive charge reaches 60%, rock powder is firstly filled into the blast hole by explosive charging personnel and is tamped by using the gun rod, then the explosive is filled into the blast hole until the explosive charge reaches 100%, and then the rock powder is secondly filled into the blast hole by the explosive charging personnel and is tamped by using the gun rod;

laying and connecting a detonating line: the blasting network adopts a V-shaped backward-inclined millisecond delay blasting network, the network connection adopts a parallel-serial blasting network, detonators between front and rear nodes of each branch blasting network are sequentially connected, the blasting detonators with the same delay time are connected to the same blasting node, and the detonators with different delay times are connected to different blasting nodes according to the blasting sequence;

detonating: arranging a specially-assigned person to check the site before the blasting operation, checking that no person exists in the warning area and checking that the blasting network is correct, reporting the on-site command, accessing the blasting device into the blasting network by the on-site command, blasting operation by adopting a special blaster for remote operation blasting, and issuing a warning removing command by the on-site command after the blasting is finished and the on-site is checked by technical and safety personnel to be correct.

By adopting the technical scheme, the whole construction site can be smoother and cleaner through the step of 'surface cleaning', the subsequent blast hole drilling operation is convenient, and the shot blast hole is not blocked due to more sundries; through the step of lofting and hole distribution, the inclination, inclination angle, depth and aperture of each blast hole site can be determined by workers, and the deviation or damage of subsequent blast holes is avoided; through the step of forming the construction platform, the original relatively flat ground is constructed into a plurality of steps which gradually extend underground, so that if blast holes are drilled on the lower steps, the blast holes can be easily extended to the ground surface for less than 5 meters, the blasting effect is better, the drilling difficulty is greatly reduced, and the construction period is relatively short; in the common blasting method, a manual drilling machine is usually used for blasting holes, the construction efficiency is very low, through the drilling step, the self-propelled down-the-hole drilling machine can freely run on the stepped construction platform, the blasting hole capability and efficiency of the self-propelled down-the-hole drilling machine can be obviously improved, and the construction period is further shortened; through the step of 'checking and accepting blast holes', each blast hole can be ensured to meet the standard of design requirements, and the blasting effect is indirectly improved; through the step of cleaning and plugging, the blast hole can be effectively prevented from being plugged by falling rocks or other sundries, and the construction efficiency is indirectly improved; through the steps of charging and filling, the explosive in each blast hole is divided into two sections, and two sections of rock filling powder are arranged, so that two times of explosive explosion can be carried out in a single blast hole, and the explosion effect is better; through the step of 'laying and connecting the detonating circuit', the V-shaped backward inclined millisecond time delay detonating network has the advantages of large blasting scale, full utilization of blasting energy and the like; through the detonation step, the detonation work can be completed safely, and the construction is safer.

Preferably, the inclination angle of the stepped construction platform is between 3 and 8 degrees.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the inclination angle is less than 8 degrees, the self-propelled down-the-hole drill walks smoothly and easily between adjacent steps of the stepped construction platform, and when the inclination angle is less than 3 degrees, the stepped construction platform is too flat without increasing the necessity of construction and manufacturing, so the inclination angle of the stepped construction platform is preferably 3-8 degrees.

Preferably, the height of each step of the stepped construction platform is 0.3-0.4 m, and the width of each step of the stepped construction platform is 3-4 m.

By adopting the technical scheme, on the basis that the inclination angle of the stepped construction platform is smaller than 15 degrees, when the step height of the stepped construction platform is lower than 0.3 m, the step height is too low, so that the sinking height of each step is smaller, the step number of the stepped construction platform can be increased for a deeper foundation pit, the construction cost is very high, and when the step height of the stepped construction platform is higher than 0.4 m, the self-propelled down-the-hole drill can have step climbing difficulty, so that the step height of the stepped construction platform is preferably 0.3-0.4 m; when the step width of the step type construction platform is less than 3 meters, the self-propelled down-the-hole drill is inconvenient to walk and turn on a single step, when the step width of the step type construction platform is greater than 4 meters, firstly, the step is not designed to be very wide, secondly, the step is wider, the time consumption for manufacturing is longer, the construction cost is higher, and therefore the step width of the step type construction platform is preferably 3-4 meters.

Preferably, in the step of lofting and hole distribution, a marking hole plugging piece is inserted beside each gun hole site, the bottom of the marking hole plugging piece is provided with a contact pin for being inserted into the ground, the top of the marking hole plugging piece is provided with a slot, a paper sheet is clamped in the slot, and the inclination, inclination angle, depth and hole diameter of the corresponding gun hole site are recorded on the paper sheet; in the step of cleaning and plugging, the marked plugging piece is pulled out, an inverted cone frustum is arranged in the middle of the marked plugging piece, the top diameter of the inverted cone frustum is larger than the inner diameter of the orifice of the blast hole, and one or more handles are arranged on the top surface of the inverted cone frustum.

By adopting the technical scheme, because the inclination, the inclination angle, the depth and the aperture data of different blast holes are different, the added mark hole plugging piece can quickly provide the inclination, the inclination angle, the depth, the aperture and other related data of the blast hole position corresponding to a worker, and is convenient for subsequent drilling operation; after the big gun hole was beaten, can extract the mark hole blocking piece on next door, then insert in the big gun hole orifice, the circular truncated cone platform can directly block in the big gun hole orifice (be unlikely to drop to the big gun hole in), effectively avoids the big gun hole to be blockked up by falling rocks or other debris, and the design of handle then makes things convenient for this mark hole blocking piece of staff's plug, and mark hole blocking piece has the effect of mark and hole blocking simultaneously, and is very practical.

Preferably, in the step of charging and filling, the explosive is strictly distributed according to the designed amount of each hole, the explosive is measured while charging, the personnel for charging the explosive is divided, 1 person is responsible for charging the explosive, 1 person delivers the material, and two sides of the explosive roll are respectively cut into an opening by a knife before charging the explosive.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the amount of charge of the volume in each big gun hole all needs strict control, can not be many also can not be few, so need limit powder charge limit measurement, 1 people is responsible for the powder charge simultaneously, and 1 people delivers the material in addition, can guarantee that powder charge personnel's energy is more concentrated, and the powder charge operation can be more accurate, and is safer, and two people cooperation powder charge efficiency also can be higher.

Preferably, in the above "charging and packing" step, the length of the first packing of rock dust and the length of the second packing of rock dust are greater than or equal to 2.7 m.

By adopting the technical scheme, under the condition that the comprehensive length is greater than 2.7 meters, a closed space is provided for blasting gunpowder in the blast hole, and the more compact the filling is, the better the blasting effect is.

Preferably, in the step of charging and filling, bentonite is added into the rock powder before the rock powder is filled, the mixture is fully mixed to form a rock powder mixture, the weight ratio of the rock powder to the bentonite is 4-5:1, the rock powder mixture is filled into the blast hole, and water is sprayed towards the rock powder mixture during tamping of the rock powder mixture by using a gun.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the meaning of packing lies in: a relatively closed space is provided for blasting powder in a blast hole, the tighter the filling is, the better the blasting effect is, so that bentonite is added into rock powder in advance, then a small amount of water is sprayed in the process of tamping the rock powder mixture by using a gun stick (the standard of water spraying amount is that the rock powder mixture has moist feeling), after the bentonite contacts the water, the spacing between bentonite mineral crystal layers is increased, water molecules enter the bentonite mineral crystal layers, and the bentonite is caused to expand together through the cation exchange effect of the bentonite mineral, so that the blast hole can be filled tightly by the rock powder mixture in the limited space of the blast hole, the sealing performance is better, and the blasting effect is obviously improved; the weight ratio of the rock powder to the bentonite is 4-5:1, the ratio of the rock powder to the bentonite is more moderate, if the bentonite is too much, phenomena of too large expansion and broken blast holes are easy to occur, and if the bentonite is too little, phenomena of too small expansion and poor bee effect are easy to occur.

Preferably, in the step of 'laying and connecting a detonating line', 2 high-section high-delay high-precision detonating tube detonators are arranged in the blast holes, and 1 low-section short-delay high-precision detonating tube detonator is arranged in each adjacent blast hole indirect force detonator.

By adopting the technical scheme, the interval time between two shots in the same blast hole can be prolonged by the high-section, long-delay and high-precision detonating tube detonator, so that the phenomenon of blasting superposition does not exist, earthquakes around the foundation are not easy to generate, and the construction is safer; and the low-section, short-delay and high-precision detonating tube detonator can shorten the blasting interval time among different blast holes, thereby realizing almost simultaneous blasting in the whole blasting area, having chain reaction, having better blasting effect and indirectly shortening the construction period.

Preferably, in the step of laying and connecting the detonating circuit, the detonating tubes are uniformly distributed around the detonators and are wrapped by insulating adhesive tapes, the number of the adhesive tapes is not less than 3, at most 20 detonating tubes are bound on the outer side of 1 detonator, and the distance between the detonators of the detonating tubes and the binding end of the detonating tubes is not less than 15 cm.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, twine through the insulating tape more than 3 layers between detonator and the detonator, can ensure firmly to be connected between detonator and the detonator, if 1 detonator outside detonator quantity has exceeded 20, probably there is the condition that can't detonate.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

blind shot processing: when a blind shot occurs, checking whether the detonating tube is damaged or broken; the blasting network is not damaged, the minimum resistance line is unchanged, and reconnection and detonation can be carried out; the minimum resistance line is changed, the safety distance is checked, the warning range is enlarged, and then the detonation is connected.

By adopting the technical scheme, the blind shot phenomenon is very dangerous, needs to be handled by an experiential blasting person, firstly checks whether the detonating tube is damaged or broken, timely eliminates risks in the process of checking the detonating tube, then checks the minimum resistance line change condition, selects a corresponding processing mode according to the judgment principle, and can ensure that the process of blind shot processing is safer and more efficient.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the original relatively flat ground is constructed into a plurality of steps which gradually extend to the underground, so that if blast holes are drilled on the lower steps, the blast holes can easily extend to the ground surface for less than 5 meters, the blasting effect is better, the drilling difficulty is greatly reduced, and the construction period is relatively short; in the common blasting method, a manual drilling machine is usually used for blasting holes, the construction efficiency is very low, through the drilling step, the self-propelled down-the-hole drilling machine can freely run on the stepped construction platform, the blasting hole capability and efficiency of the self-propelled down-the-hole drilling machine can be obviously improved, and the construction period is further shortened;

2. because the inclination, the inclination angle, the depth and the aperture data of different blast holes are different, the added mark hole plugging piece can quickly provide the inclination, the inclination angle, the depth, the aperture and other related data of the blast hole position corresponding to a worker, and is convenient for subsequent drilling operation; after the big gun hole was beaten, can extract the mark hole blocking piece on next door, then insert in the big gun hole orifice, the circular truncated cone platform can directly block in the big gun hole orifice (be unlikely to drop to the big gun hole in), effectively avoids the big gun hole to be blockked up by falling rocks or other debris, and the design of handle then makes things convenient for this mark hole blocking piece of staff's plug, and mark hole blocking piece has the effect of mark and hole blocking simultaneously, and is very practical.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a pool rock foundation excavation blasting method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of blast holes of the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method according to the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped construction platform of the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method according to the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a marked hole plugging member in the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method according to the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a drilling inclination angle and a charging structure of the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method according to the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a V-shaped backward tilting initiation network of the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method according to the embodiment of the application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic line diagram of a V-shaped backward-inclined blasting network isochronism of the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a parallel-series network connection of the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method according to the embodiment of the application.

Description of reference numerals: 101. a detonation center point; 102. a step-shaped construction platform; 103. marking a hole plugging piece; 31. inserting a pin; 32. a sheet of paper; 33. an inverted cone frustum; 34. a handle; 104. detonating an isochrone; 105. and (4) detonating nodes.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-8.

The embodiment of the application discloses a pool rock foundation excavation blasting method. Referring to fig. 1, the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method comprises surface cleaning S1, lofting and hole distributing S2, forming construction platform S3, drilling S4, blast hole acceptance S5, cleaning and blocking S6, charging and filling S7, blasting line laying and connecting S8, blasting S9 and blind blasting processing S10.

Referring to fig. 1, surface cleaning S1: and cleaning the surface soil and scum of the field before hole distribution.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the loft cloth hole S2: the blast holes are arranged according to designed parameters of a blast hole network and are arranged in a quincunx manner (in other embodiments, a matrix type is also available), hole site measurement lofting is carried out according to point locations, the inclination angle, the depth and the hole diameter of each blast hole are marked, the inclination angle of each blast hole approximately faces to a detonation central point 101, a marking hole plugging piece 103 (see the detailed drawing in fig. 4) is inserted beside each blast hole site, the bottom of the marking hole plugging piece 103 is provided with a contact pin 31 for being inserted into the ground, the top of the marking hole plugging piece 103 is provided with a slot, a paper sheet 32 is clamped in the slot, and the inclination, the inclination angle, the depth and the hole diameter of the corresponding blast hole site are recorded on the.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the molding construction platform S3: the original ground is trimmed into a stepped construction platform 102 by a hydraulic crusher, the inclination angle of the stepped construction platform 102 is 4 degrees (in other embodiments, the inclination angle can also be 3 degrees, 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 10 degrees, 11 degrees, 12 degrees, 13 degrees, 14 degrees or 15 degrees), the height of each step of the stepped construction platform 102 is 0.3-0.4 meter, the width of each step of the stepped construction platform 102 is 3-4 meters, and criss-cross grooves can be caught on the surface of the steps of the stepped construction platform 102 by an excavator, so that the self-propelled down-the-hole drill can conveniently walk on the stepped construction platform 102.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the bore S4: the self-propelled down-the-hole drill climbs the step-shaped construction platform 102, the position of the self-propelled down-the-hole drill is stabilized by using a hydraulic support, a drill rod and the ground are inclined to form an included angle of 80 degrees (detailed in a in figure 5) according to a hole position after lofting of a measuring person, the included angle is inclined to a detonation center for rock drilling, and in other embodiments, the included angle is changed into 75 degrees, 76 degrees, 77 degrees, 78 degrees, 79 degrees, 81 degrees, 82 degrees, 83 degrees, 85 degrees or 85 degrees according to actual conditions. And (3) reserving a protective layer of the foundation surface to be 1000mm according to blasting tests and standard requirements when all the drill holes cannot be drilled into the foundation surface, and adopting an excavation method combining shallow-hole small-dosage drilling blasting with a hydraulic crusher for the protective layer.

Referring to fig. 1, the acceptance of the blast hole S5: and measuring the inclination, inclination angle, depth and aperture of each blast hole, and requiring reworking or drilling repairing for unqualified blast holes.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the cleaning plug S6: the broken stones and sundries in the range of 0.5m around the orifice of the blast hole are cleaned, the orifice of the blast hole is immediately blocked, the marking hole blocking piece 103 is pulled out from the ground beside the orifice of the blast hole, the inverted cone frustum 33 is arranged in the middle of the marking hole blocking piece 103, the top diameter of the inverted cone frustum 33 is larger than the inner diameter of the orifice of the blast hole, a handle 34 is welded on the top surface of the inverted cone frustum 33, the handle 34 is formed by bending threaded steel bars, the inverted cone frustum 33 and the contact pin 31 are integrally formed, and the number of the handles 34 can be 2, 3 or 4 in other embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, charge and plug S7: when in charging, the explosive roll is loaded to the bottom by using a gun stick, the quality and the length are ensured when the explosive roll is filled, the explosive is strictly distributed according to the designed explosive amount of each hole, the explosive charging and the measurement are carried out while the explosive is charged, 1 person is responsible for charging the explosive, 1 person delivers the material, the explosive is charged at intervals by adopting a single-hole coupling mode, and two sides of the explosive roll are respectively cut into an opening by using a knife before the explosive is charged. After 1 section of the explosive roll is placed, the explosive roll is compacted by using a wooden or bamboo gun rod, the size of the insertion of each gun rod is recorded, the total length of a filling plug in construction is 1.2 times of the length of a resistant wire (in other embodiments, the proportion can be 1.1 times or 1.3 times), single-hole coupling mode is adopted for spaced charging, after the single-hole charging amount reaches 60%, rock powder is firstly charged into a gun hole by a charging personnel and tamped by using the gun rod, then the rock powder is charged into the gun hole for the second time until the charging amount reaches 100%, and then the rock powder is tamped by using the gun rod, in the figure 5, L1 represents lower charging, L2 represents middle filling section length, L3 represents upper charging section length, L4 represents orifice plugging section length, and the length of L2+ L4 is more than or equal to 2.7 meters.

Adding bentonite into the rock powder before filling the rock powder, fully mixing to form a rock powder mixture, wherein the weight ratio of the rock powder to the bentonite is 4.5:1, in other embodiments, the ratio can also be 4:1 or 5:1, filling the rock powder mixture into blast holes, spraying water towards the rock powder mixture during tamping the rock powder mixture by using a gun, and the water spraying amount is as follows: the rock dust mixture has a moist feel.

Referring to fig. 1, the initiation line is routed and connected S8: the blasting network adopts a V-shaped backward-inclined millisecond delay blasting network (detailed figure 6), figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a V-shaped backward-inclined blasting network blasting isochronal 104, the network connection adopts a parallel-series blasting network (detailed figure 8), detonators between front and back nodes of each branch booster network are sequentially connected, the blasting detonators with the same delay time are connected to the same booster node 105, the detonators with different delay time are connected to different booster nodes 105 according to the blasting sequence, 2 high-section and long-delay high-precision detonating tube detonators are arranged in blast holes, and the indirect force detonators of adjacent blast holes are 1 low-section and short-delay high-precision detonating tubes.

The detonating tubes are uniformly distributed around the detonators and are wrapped by insulating adhesive tapes, the number of the adhesive tapes is not less than 3, at most 20 detonating tubes are bound on the outer side of 1 detonator, and the distance between the detonator of the detonating tube and the binding end of the detonating tube is not less than 15 cm.

Referring to fig. 1, detonation S9: arranging a specially-assigned person to check the site before the blasting operation, checking that no person exists in the warning area and checking that the blasting network is correct, reporting the on-site command, accessing the blasting device into the blasting network by the on-site command, blasting operation by adopting a special blaster for remote operation blasting, and issuing a warning removing command by the on-site command after the blasting is finished and the on-site is checked by technical and safety personnel to be correct.

Referring to fig. 1, blind shot processing S10: when a blind shot occurs, checking whether the detonating tube is damaged or broken; the blasting network is not damaged, the minimum resistance line is unchanged, and reconnection and detonation can be carried out; the minimum resistance line is changed, the safety distance is checked, the warning range is enlarged, and then the detonation is connected.

The implementation principle of the pool rock foundation excavation blasting method in the embodiment of the application is as follows: through the step of 'surface cleaning', the whole construction site can be smoother and cleaner, the subsequent blast hole drilling operation is convenient, and the drilled blast holes are not blocked due to more sundries; through the step of lofting and hole distribution, the inclination, inclination angle, depth and aperture of each blast hole site can be determined by workers, and the deviation or damage of subsequent blast holes is avoided; through the step of forming the construction platform, the original relatively flat ground is constructed into a plurality of steps which gradually extend underground, so that if blast holes are drilled on the lower steps, the blast holes can be easily extended to the ground surface for less than 5 meters, the blasting effect is better, the drilling difficulty is greatly reduced, and the construction period is relatively short; in the common blasting method, a manual drilling machine is usually used for blasting holes, the construction efficiency is very low, through the drilling steps, the self-propelled down-the-hole drilling machine can freely run on the stepped construction platform 102, the blasting hole capability and efficiency of the self-propelled down-the-hole drilling machine can be obviously improved, and the construction period is further shortened; through the step of 'checking and accepting blast holes', each blast hole can be ensured to meet the standard of design requirements, and the blasting effect is indirectly improved; through the step of cleaning and plugging, the blast hole can be effectively prevented from being plugged by falling rocks or other sundries, and the construction efficiency is indirectly improved; through the steps of charging and filling, the explosive in each blast hole is divided into two sections, and two sections of rock filling powder are arranged, so that two times of explosive explosion can be carried out in a single blast hole, and the explosion effect is better; through the step of 'laying and connecting the detonating circuit', the V-shaped backward inclined millisecond time delay detonating network has the advantages of large blasting scale, full utilization of blasting energy and the like; through the detonation step, the detonation work can be completed more safely, and the construction is safer; the blind shot phenomenon is very dangerous, needs experienced blasting person to handle, at first whether the inspection detonating tube has damage or fracture, and the risk is in time got rid of to the in-process of inspection detonating tube, then checks the minimum resistance line situation of change, selects the processing mode that corresponds according to above-mentioned judgement principle, can make the process that the blind shot was handled safer, high-efficient.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A pool rock foundation excavation blasting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

surface cleaning: cleaning up surface soil and scum of the field before hole distribution;

lofting and hole distribution: arranging blast holes according to designed blast hole network parameters and arranging the blast holes into a quincunx type or a matrix type, carrying out hole position measurement lofting according to point positions, and marking the tendency, the inclination angle, the depth and the aperture of each blast hole position;

forming a construction platform: trimming the original ground into a step-shaped construction platform (102);

drilling: the self-propelled down-the-hole drill climbs a step-shaped construction platform (102), the position of the self-propelled down-the-hole drill is stable by utilizing a self hydraulic support, a drill rod and the ground are inclined to form an included angle of 80 degrees according to the hole position after lofting of a measuring person, and rock drilling and hole drilling are carried out by inclining to an initiation center;

and (4) checking and accepting the blast hole: measuring the inclination, inclination angle, depth and aperture of each blast hole, and requiring reworking or drilling repairing for unqualified blast holes;

clearing and plugging: cleaning broken stones and sundries within a range of 0.5m around the blast hole orifice, and immediately plugging the blast hole orifice;

charging and filling: when in charging, the explosive roll is charged to the bottom by using a gun rod, the quality and the length are ensured when in filling, after 1 section of explosive roll is placed, the explosive roll is compacted by using a wooden or bamboo gun rod, the insertion size of the gun rod is recorded every time, the total length of the filling plug in the construction is 1.1-1.3 times of the length of the resistant line, the explosive is charged at intervals by adopting a single-hole coupling mode, after the single-hole explosive charge reaches 60%, rock powder is firstly filled into the blast hole by explosive charging personnel and is tamped by using the gun rod, then the explosive is filled into the blast hole until the explosive charge reaches 100%, and then the rock powder is secondly filled into the blast hole by the explosive charging personnel and is tamped by using the gun rod;

laying and connecting a detonating line: the blasting network adopts a V-shaped backward-inclined millisecond delay blasting network, the network connection adopts a parallel-serial blasting network, detonators between front and rear nodes of each branch booster network are sequentially connected, the blasting detonators with the same delay time are connected to the same booster node (105), and the detonators with different delay times are connected to different booster nodes (105) according to the blasting sequence;

detonating: arranging a specially-assigned person to check the site before the blasting operation, checking that no person exists in the warning area and checking that the blasting network is correct, reporting the on-site command, accessing the blasting device into the blasting network by the on-site command, blasting operation by adopting a special blaster for remote operation blasting, and issuing a warning removing command by the on-site command after the blasting is finished and the on-site is checked by technical and safety personnel to be correct.

2. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein: the inclination angle of the ladder type construction platform (102) is between 3 and 8 degrees.

3. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein: the height of each step of the step-shaped construction platform (102) is 0.3-0.4 m, and the width of each step of the step-shaped construction platform (102) is 3-4 m.

4. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein: in the step of lofting and hole distribution, a marking hole plugging piece (103) is inserted beside each gun hole site, a contact pin (31) for being inserted into the ground surface is arranged at the bottom of the marking hole plugging piece (103), an insertion groove is arranged at the top of the marking hole plugging piece (103), a paper sheet (32) is clamped in the insertion groove, and the inclination, the inclination angle, the depth and the aperture of the corresponding gun hole site are recorded on the paper sheet (32); in the step of 'cleaning and plugging', the marked plugging piece (103) is pulled out, an inverted cone frustum (33) is arranged in the middle of the marked plugging piece (103), the top diameter of the inverted cone frustum (33) is larger than the inner diameter of the opening of the blast hole, and one or more lifting handles (34) are arranged on the top surface of the inverted cone frustum (33).

5. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein: in the step of 'charging and filling', the explosive is strictly distributed according to the designed amount of explosive in each hole, the explosive is charged and measured simultaneously, labor division is carried out on the personnel for charging the explosive, 1 person is responsible for charging the explosive, 1 person delivers the material, the explosive is charged at intervals in a single-hole coupling mode, and two sides of the explosive roll are respectively cut into an opening by a knife before the explosive is charged.

6. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein: in the above "charging and packing" step, the length of the first packing of rock powder and the second packing of rock powder are greater than or equal to 2.7 m.

7. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein: in the step of charging and filling, bentonite is added into the rock powder before the rock powder is filled, the bentonite is fully mixed to form a rock powder mixture, the weight ratio of the rock powder to the bentonite is 4-5:1, the rock powder mixture is filled into blast holes, and water is sprayed towards the rock powder mixture in the process of tamping the rock powder mixture by using a gun.

8. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein: in the step of 'laying and connecting a detonating line', 2 high-section high-delay high-precision nonel detonators with long delay are arranged in blast holes, and 1 low-section high-precision nonel detonators with short delay are arranged between adjacent blast holes.

9. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, wherein: in the step of laying and connecting the detonating circuit, the detonating tubes are uniformly distributed around the detonators and are wrapped by insulating adhesive tapes, the number of the adhesive tapes is not less than 3, at most 20 detonating tubes are bound on the outer side of 1 detonator, and the distance between the detonator of the detonating tube and the binding end of the detonating tube is not less than 15 cm.

10. The pool rock foundation excavation blasting method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

blind shot processing: when a blind shot occurs, checking whether the detonating tube is damaged or broken; the blasting network is not damaged, the minimum resistance line is unchanged, and reconnection and detonation can be carried out; the minimum resistance line is changed, the safety distance is checked, the warning range is enlarged, and then the detonation is connected.

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