CN112602415A

CN112602415A - Seeder for agricultural

Info

Publication number: CN112602415A
Application number: CN202011520606.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨盛昌; 尹定枝
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Kashgar Territory Saline Alkali Land Restoration Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-21
Filing date: 2020-12-21
Publication date: 2021-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-21
Also published as: CN112602415B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural sowing, and discloses an agricultural sowing machine, which comprises a machine body, wherein a storage box and a sowing mechanism are respectively fixed at the top and the bottom of the machine body; the seeding mechanism comprises a connecting upright post and a furrow opener; a blanking channel, a rotary table and a discharge port are sequentially arranged in the connecting upright column from top to bottom, at least one through hole is formed in the rotary table, and the blanking channel is in conduction fit with the discharge port through the through hole; the top surface of the furrow opener is in sliding fit with an inclined top plate, and one end of the top plate is welded with a piston connecting rod extending into the connecting upright post; every the through-hole all corresponds and is equipped with the elasticity valve, to sum up, slides at the furrow opener top and is provided with the roof, is equipped with the elasticity valve that realizes the unloading in the ditching unloading part of sowing mechanism, and forms the linkage cooperation through piston rod between elasticity valve and the roof, realizes the effective linkage between ditching structure and the seeding unloading structure from this to avoid the seed extravagant.

Description

Seeder for agricultural

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural seeding, and particularly relates to an agricultural seeding machine.

Background

The sowing is a comprehensive farming operation in which seeds are sowed into a soil layer with a certain depth manually or by a machine by selecting a proper sowing period, sowing quantity and sowing method according to the variety, variety characteristics, planting system, cultivation mode and requirements on environmental conditions. Specifically, the proper or improper sowing directly affects the growth and development and yield of crops.

In the current agricultural seeding technical field, because the machine seeding has efficient, low in labor strength's advantage for the machine seeding obtains the wide application, has also appeared various seeders on the market that corresponds, takes drill seeder as an example, and its theory of operation is: the furrow opener, the seeder and the soil covering device are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction, so that the integrated automatic operation of ditching, seeding and soil covering is realized.

However, in the conventional seed drill, the seeder and the furrow opener are mostly arranged independently, so that the problems of unreasonable seeding or waste of seeds are easily caused. For example, current disseminator only can open under the artifical condition that corresponds the operation and stop, and in the work of marcing of drill seeder, if the furrow opener fails effective ditching or is in the region that need not to ditch, the disseminator can not in time open automatically according to the state of furrow opener and stop, under this state, the seed that the disseminator was broadcast fails to get into the soil of suitable degree of depth, influences the normal growth of seed to the extravagant problem of a large amount of seeds has been caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a seeding machine for agriculture to solve the above problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an agricultural seeder comprises a machine body, wherein the top and the bottom of the machine body are respectively fixed with at least one storage box and a seeding mechanism;

each sowing mechanism comprises a ditching and blanking part; each storage box is internally provided with a seed storage cavity, and the seed storage cavity is communicated with the ditching and blanking part and used for guiding seeds into the ditching and blanking part;

the ditching and blanking part comprises a connecting upright post and a ditcher welded on one side of the connecting upright post; a blanking channel, a rotary table and a discharge port are sequentially arranged in the connecting upright column from top to bottom, at least one through hole is formed in the rotary table, the blanking channel is in conduction fit with the discharge port through the through hole, and the discharge port is obliquely arranged and faces to one side far away from the furrow opener;

the top surface of the furrow opener is in sliding fit with an inclined top plate, one end of the top plate is welded with a piston connecting rod extending into the connecting upright post, the piston connecting rod is in sliding fit with the connecting upright post, and when the furrow opener is inserted into soil, the piston connecting rod is pushed into the connecting upright post;

each through-hole all corresponds and is equipped with the elasticity valve, and when the piston connecting rod was pushed to connecting in the stand, the elasticity valve was opened.

Preferably, the elastic valve comprises a lifting block coaxially mounted in the rotary table and at least one mounting hole formed in the rotary table, the mounting hole is located between the lifting block and the through hole, the mounting holes correspond to the through holes one to one, a sliding rod and a spring are mounted in each mounting hole, the spring is connected to one side of the sliding rod, a sealing plug located in the through hole is welded to one end of the sliding rod, and the other end of the sliding rod is welded to the lifting block; when the piston connecting rod is pushed into the connecting upright post, the piston connecting rod drives the lifting block and the sealing plug to move upwards, and the elastic valve is opened.

Furthermore, the bottom of the lifting block is rotatably connected with a driving rod, and the bottom of the driving rod penetrates through the turntable and is in contact with one end of the piston connecting rod.

Preferably, the piston connecting rod comprises a limiting part and a threaded part; the limiting part extends into the connecting upright post to limit the piston connecting rod from separating from the connecting upright post; the threaded part is connected between the limiting part and the top plate, and the positioning sleeve is screwed on the threaded part; the locating sleeve is located between the connecting upright post and the top plate and used for limiting the length of the piston connecting rod pushed into the connecting upright post.

Furthermore, when the locating sleeve rotates, the locating sleeve can move along the threaded portion, and one side surface, close to the connecting upright post, of the locating sleeve is of a spherical structure.

Preferably, the turntable is rotatably connected with the connecting upright post, and the structure for driving the turntable to rotate is a driving motor embedded in the connecting upright post.

Preferably, the carousel with be connected the stand and rotate and be connected, and drive carousel pivoted structure includes: the bevel gear set and the driving rotating shaft are both positioned above the turntable; one end of the driving rotating shaft is connected with a driving motor, and the driving motor is installed on the outer wall of one side of the connecting upright post.

Preferably, each sowing mechanism further comprises a ditching and fertilizing part, the ditching and fertilizing part and the ditching and blanking part are arranged in parallel, and the structure of the ditching and fertilizing part is the same as that of the ditching and blanking part.

Preferably, each storage box is internally provided with a fertilizer storage cavity, and the fertilizer storage cavity is communicated with the ditching and fertilizing part and is used for guiding fertilizer into the ditching and fertilizing part.

Preferably, the bottom of the machine body is also fixed with a soil covering mechanism, and the soil covering mechanism is arranged on the sowing mechanism and corresponds to the discharge hole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) in the invention, the top plate is arranged at the top of the furrow opener in a sliding manner, the elastic valve for realizing blanking is arranged in the furrowing and blanking part of the sowing mechanism, and the elastic valve and the top plate form linkage fit through the piston connecting rod, so that the effective linkage between the furrowing structure and the sowing and blanking structure is realized, and the characteristics are as follows:

when the furrow opener is inserted into soil for ditching, the top plate is limited by the soil to drive the elastic valve to be opened in a linkage manner, so that the elastic valve can normally sow and discharge materials when the furrow opener ditches normally; and when the furrow opener fails to effectively ditch or is in the region without ditching, the top plate is not limited by soil, and the corresponding elastic valve is linked and closed, so that the seeding and blanking of the whole seeder are effectively switched, the phenomenon of seed waste is avoided, and the seeding quality of the whole seeder is effectively improved.

(2) The elastic valve mainly comprises a liftable sealing plug, and the sealing plug is positioned in a through hole on the turntable, so that the elastic valve has the advantage of simple structure; in addition, the top plate can be effectively driven to lift through the piston connecting rod in the inclined sliding process, and the device has the advantages of simple and stable driving linkage mode.

(3) At least one through hole is arranged for the turntable, and each through hole is correspondingly provided with an elastic valve; in addition, the turntable is rotatably installed, so that intermittent blanking of the integrally connected stand column is realized, and equidistant positioning seeding of the integral seeding machine is further realized.

(4) To above-mentioned piston rod, including spacing portion and screw thread portion, wherein: the limiting part limits the piston connecting rod not to be separated from the connecting upright post, so that the stability of the integral linkage structure is ensured; the threaded part is sleeved with the positioning sleeve in a rotating mode, so that the length of the piston connecting rod pushed into the connecting stand column can be effectively adjusted, the lifting distance of the sealing plug is adjusted, the opening degree of the integral elastic valve is further changed, and the seeding blanking amount is effectively adjusted.

(5) To above-mentioned sowing mechanism, can and do not set up the ditching unloading part and the ditching fertilization part of isostructure, accomplish the fertilization in the seeding from this, and the fertilization mode is the side point fertilization, effectively prescribes a limit to the distance of fertilizer and seed to improve fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce fertilizer extravagant.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a first structural schematic view of the sowing mechanism in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a second structural view of the sowing mechanism in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the seed planting mechanism of FIG. 4 shown in an un-trenched configuration;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of FIG. 4 at B;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the driving shaft, the bevel gear set and the driving motor of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the turntable of the present invention with 5 through holes;

in the figure: a machine body-1; a material storage box-2; a seeding mechanism-3; an earthing mechanism-4; connecting upright columns-31; a furrow opener-32; a blanking channel-33; a top plate-331; piston rod-332; a positioning sleeve-333; a turntable-34; a through-hole-341; a lifting block-342; mounting holes-343; slide bar-344; a spring-345; a sealing plug-346; a drive rod-347; a discharge port-35; a drive shaft-36; bevel gear set-37; a drive motor-38; driving motor-39.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, in the present invention, an agricultural seeder is provided, which includes a machine body 1, and at least one material storage box 2 and a seeding mechanism 3 are respectively fixed on the top and the bottom of the machine body 1;

each seeding mechanism 3 comprises a ditching and blanking part; each storage box 2 is internally provided with a seed storage cavity which is communicated with the ditching and blanking part and used for guiding seeds into the ditching and blanking part;

the ditching and blanking part comprises a connecting upright post 31 and a ditcher 32 welded on one side of the connecting upright post 31; the connecting upright column 31 is internally provided with a blanking channel 33, a rotary table 34 and a discharge port 35 in sequence from top to bottom, the rotary table 34 is provided with at least one through hole 341, the blanking channel 33 is in conductive fit with the discharge port 35 through one through hole 341, and the discharge port 35 is obliquely arranged and faces to one side far away from the furrow opener 32;

the top surface of the furrow opener 32 is in sliding fit with an inclined top plate 331, one end of the top plate 331 is welded with a piston connecting rod 332 extending into the connecting upright post 31, the piston connecting rod 332 is in sliding fit with the connecting upright post 31, and when the furrow opener 32 is inserted into soil, the piston connecting rod 332 is pushed into the connecting upright post 31;

each through hole 341 is provided with an elastic valve, and when the piston rod 332 is pushed into the connecting column 31, the elastic valve is opened.

The specific structure of the elastic valve is as follows:

referring to fig. 2 and 4, the elastic valve includes a lifting block 342 coaxially installed in the rotary table 34, and at least one installation hole 343 opened in the rotary table 34, the installation hole 343 is located between the lifting block 342 and the through hole 341, the installation holes 343 are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes 341, a sliding rod 344 and a spring 345 are installed in each installation hole 342, the spring 345 is connected to one side of the sliding rod 344, a sealing plug 346 located in the through hole 341 is welded to one end of the sliding rod 344, and the other end of the sliding rod 344 is welded to the lifting block 342; when the piston rod 332 is pushed into the connecting post 31, the piston rod 332 drives the lifting block 342 and the sealing plug 346 to move upwards, and the elastic valve is opened.

Further, a driving rod 347 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting block 342, and the bottom of the driving rod 347 penetrates through the turntable 34 and contacts with one end of the piston rod 332.

In conclusion, the overall seeder has the following specific principles when seeding:

in fig. 2 and 4, the furrow opener 32 is set to be inserted into soil for normal furrow opening, and in this state, the furrow opener 32 travels in the direction opposite to the arrow, and interacts with the soil: specifically, as the furrow opener 32 moves, soil pushes the furrow opener 32 and the top plate 331 at the top of the furrow opener 32 in the direction of the arrow in the figure, so that the top plate 331 moves to be close to the connecting upright 31, and the piston rod 332 is pushed into the connecting upright 31 at the same time, namely, the change from fig. 5 to fig. 4 is formed;

in the above variation, the piston rod 332 pushes the driving rod 347 to move upwards, and the driving rod 347 drives the sliding rod 344 to move upwards through the lifting block 342 and compresses the spring 345, thereby driving the sealing plug 346 to move upwards; as shown in fig. 4, after the sealing plug 346 moves upwards, a blanking gap is formed between the sealing plug and the through hole 341, so that the seeds can be sown and blanked through the blanking gap;

the specific seeding and blanking process is as follows: the seed storage chamber through storage case 2 seed falls into unloading passageway 33 in, then falls into through-hole 341 to in the unloading clearance falls into discharge gate 35, derive through discharge gate 35 at last, thereby fall into the ditch inslot that forms that furrow opener 32 seted up.

In fig. 2 and 5, it is assumed that the furrow opener 32 is not effectively furrowed or is in an area where furrowing is not required, and the furrow opener 32 in this state cannot be inserted into soil, so that the top plate 331 on the top thereof does not interact with the soil; based on this, in the restriction of spring 345, piston rod 332 is located at the position shown in the figure, namely, there is a clearance between top plate 331 and connecting column 31, and sealing plug 346 is sealed in through hole 341, so that the seeds can not fall into discharge hole 35 from blanking channel 33, thereby effectively realizing the linkage of furrow opener 32 and sowing structure, and further avoiding the phenomenon of seed waste during sowing.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, each sowing mechanism 3 further comprises a ditching and fertilizing portion, the ditching and fertilizing portion and the ditching and blanking portion are arranged in parallel, and the structure of the ditching and fertilizing portion is the same as that of the ditching and blanking portion.

Specifically, still be equipped with fertilizer in every storage case 2 and store the chamber, and fertilizer storage chamber switches on with ditching fertilization part for leading-in fertilizer in to ditching fertilization part.

It can be seen that, in the two parallel connecting columns 31 shown in fig. 1, one of them realizes the seeding and feeding of seeds, and the other realizes the fertilizing and feeding of fertilizer, thereby completing the fertilizing operation while seeding; and based on the setting of this structure for the fertilization mode forms the side point and fertilizes, effectively prescribes a limit to the distance of fertilizer and seed with this, thereby improves fertilizer utilization ratio, reduces fertilizer extravagant.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, a soil covering mechanism 4 is fixed at the bottom of the machine body 1, and the soil covering mechanism 4 is disposed at the sowing mechanism 3 and corresponds to the discharge port 35. Based on this, after the seeding and fertilizing blanking is finished, the soil covering operation of the groove formed by the furrow opener 32 is realized by the soil covering mechanism 4; the concrete use structure of the soil covering mechanism 4 can be realized by adopting the existing soil covering roller and the scraper in the attached drawings.

In the present invention, please continue to refer to fig. 2-6:

the piston rod 332 includes a stopper and a threaded portion; the limiting part extends into the connecting upright column 31 to limit the piston connecting rod 332 from separating from the connecting upright column 31; the threaded part is connected between the limiting part and the top plate 331, and the positioning sleeve 333 is screwed on the threaded part; a locating sleeve 333 is located between the connecting post 31 and the top plate 331 for defining the length of the piston rod 332 that is pushed into the connecting post 31.

Specifically, the positioning sleeve 333 can move on the threaded portion by rotating the positioning sleeve 333, and according to the change of the position of the positioning sleeve 333, the length of the piston connecting rod 332 which can be pushed into the connecting column 31 is changed, so that the rising distance of the driving rod 347, the lifting block 342 and the sealing plug 346 can be changed, when the rising distance of the sealing plug 346 is changed, the size of a blanking gap formed between the sealing plug 346 and the through hole 341 is changed, and therefore the seeding amount during seeding and blanking is effectively adjusted, and the seeding requirements of seeds with different particle sizes or different amounts are met.

It is preferable that the positioning sleeve 333 is movable along the screw portion when the positioning sleeve 333 is rotated, and a side surface of the positioning sleeve 333 adjacent to the connecting column 31 is a spherical structure. Based on this, when the positioning sleeve 333 is positioned at any position on the threaded portion, stable and effective contact support can be formed with the side wall of the connecting upright column 31, so that the positioning stability of the positioning sleeve 333 and the structural reasonableness are ensured.

In the present invention, the rotary disc 34 is rotatably connected with the connecting upright 31, and as an implementation mode, refer to fig. 2: the driving turntable 34 is rotatably driven by a driving motor 39 embedded in the connecting column 31. In this structure, the driving motor 39 is activated to directly drive the rotary disc 34 to rotate, and in particular, with reference to fig. 8, when 5 through holes 341 are formed in the rotary disc 34, the rotary disc 34 performs blanking (including seeding and fertilizing) every 72 degrees of rotation. In addition, this structure can be preferably used in the case that the whole seeder is provided with only one sowing mechanism 3 to improve the rationality of the whole seeder structure.

In the present invention, the rotating disc 34 is rotatably connected to the connecting upright 31, and as another possible embodiment, refer to fig. 4 and 5: carousel 34 is connected with connecting upright 31 is rotated, and the structure that drive carousel 34 rotated includes: a driving rotating shaft 36 penetrating the connecting upright column 31, and a bevel gear group 37 connected between the driving rotating shaft 36 and the turntable 34, wherein the bevel gear group 37 and the driving rotating shaft 36 are both positioned above the turntable 34; one end of the driving shaft 36 is connected with a driving motor 38, and the driving motor 38 is installed on the outer wall of one side of the connecting upright 31. Under the structure, the driving motor 38 drives the driving rotating shaft 36 to rotate, the driving rotating shaft 36 drives the bevel gears on the driving rotating shaft to rotate, as shown in fig. 7, one bevel gear set 37 comprises two bevel gears which are vertically meshed with each other, one bevel gear set is sleeved and fixed on the driving rotating shaft 36, and the other bevel gear set is fixed on the top of the rotating disc 34, based on the structure, when one bevel gear rotates, the other bevel gear is driven to synchronously rotate, so that the transmission of the bevel gear set 37 is realized, and the rotating disc 34 is driven to rotate; with particular reference to fig. 8, when 5 through holes 341 are opened on the turntable 34, the turntable 34 performs blanking (including sowing and fertilizing) every 72 ° rotation. In addition, this structure can be preferred to be used in the whole seeder and be equipped with two and more than the condition of seeding mechanism 3 to improve the rationality of whole seeder structure.

In conclusion, the seeder provided by the invention can be matched with the passively driven roller to manually push and move, and can also be matched with automatic machinery such as a tractor to automatically move, so that the operations of automatic seeding, fertilizing, soil covering and the like can be effectively realized.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a seeder for agricultural which characterized in that: comprises a machine body (1), and the top and the bottom of the machine body (1) are respectively fixed with at least one storage box (2) and a sowing mechanism (3);

each sowing mechanism (3) comprises a ditching and blanking part; each storage box (2) is internally provided with a seed storage cavity, and the seed storage cavity is communicated with the ditching and blanking part and used for guiding seeds into the ditching and blanking part;

the ditching and blanking part comprises a connecting upright post (31) and a ditcher (32) welded on one side of the connecting upright post (31); a blanking channel (33), a rotary table (34) and a discharge hole (35) are sequentially arranged in the connecting upright column (31) from top to bottom, at least one through hole (341) is formed in the rotary table (34), the blanking channel (33) is in conduction fit with the discharge hole (35) through the through hole (341), and the discharge hole (35) is obliquely arranged and faces to one side far away from the furrow opener (32);

the top surface of the furrow opener (32) is in sliding fit with an inclined top plate (331), one end of the top plate (331) is welded with a piston connecting rod (332) extending into the connecting upright post (31), the piston connecting rod (332) is in sliding fit with the connecting upright post (31), and when the furrow opener (32) is inserted into soil, the piston connecting rod (332) is pushed into the connecting upright post (31);

each through hole (341) is correspondingly provided with an elastic valve, and when the piston connecting rod (332) is pushed into the connecting upright post (31), the elastic valve is opened.

2. An agricultural seeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the elastic valve comprises a lifting block (342) coaxially installed in the rotary table (34) and at least one installation hole (343) formed in the rotary table (34), the installation hole (343) is located between the lifting block (342) and the through hole (341), the installation holes (343) correspond to the through holes (341) one by one, a sliding rod (344) and a spring (345) are installed in each installation hole (342), the spring (345) is connected to one side of the sliding rod (344), a sealing plug (346) located in the through hole (341) is welded to one end of the sliding rod (344), and the other end of the sliding rod (344) is welded to the lifting block (342);

when the piston connecting rod (332) is pushed into the connecting upright post (31), the piston connecting rod (332) drives the lifting block (342) and the sealing plug (346) to move upwards, and the elastic valve is opened.

3. An agricultural seeder as defined in claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the lifting block (342) is rotatably connected with a driving rod (347), and the bottom of the driving rod (347) penetrates through the turntable (34) and is in contact with one end of the piston connecting rod (332).

4. An agricultural seeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the piston connecting rod (332) comprises a limiting part and a threaded part; the limiting part extends into the connecting upright post (31) to limit the piston connecting rod (332) from separating from the connecting upright post (31); the threaded part is connected between the limiting part and the top plate (331), and the threaded part is screwed with a positioning sleeve (333); the locating sleeve (333) is located between the connecting column (31) and the top plate (331) and is used for limiting the length of the piston connecting rod (332) pushed into the connecting column (31).

5. An agricultural seeder as defined in claim 4, wherein: when the positioning sleeve (333) rotates, the positioning sleeve can move along the threaded part, and one side surface of the positioning sleeve (333) close to the connecting upright post (31) is of a spherical structure.

6. An agricultural seeder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the rotary table (34) is rotationally connected with the connecting upright post (31), and the structure for driving the rotary table (34) to rotate is a driving motor (39) embedded in the connecting upright post (31).

7. An agricultural seeding machine according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, wherein the rotary table (34) is rotatably connected with the connecting upright (31), and the structure for driving the rotary table (34) to rotate comprises: the bevel gear set (37) is connected between the driving rotating shaft (36) and the rotating disc (34), and the bevel gear set (37) and the driving rotating shaft (36) are both positioned above the rotating disc (34); one end of the driving rotating shaft (36) is connected with a driving motor (38), and the driving motor (38) is installed on the outer wall of one side of the connecting upright post (31).

8. An agricultural seeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: each sowing mechanism (3) further comprises a ditching and fertilizing part, the ditching and fertilizing part and the ditching and blanking part are arranged in parallel, and the structure of the ditching and fertilizing part is the same as that of the ditching and blanking part.

9. An agricultural seeder as defined in claim 8, wherein: each storage box (2) is also internally provided with a fertilizer storage cavity, and the fertilizer storage cavity is communicated with the ditching and fertilizing part and is used for guiding fertilizer into the ditching and fertilizing part.

10. An agricultural seeder as defined in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the machine body (1) is also fixed with a soil covering mechanism (4), and the soil covering mechanism (4) is arranged on the sowing mechanism (3) and corresponds to the discharge hole (35).