WO2016164951A1 - Sowing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sowing machine for agriculture, intended in particular as an attachment to a soil-working device for distributing seed, fertilizer, and/or plant-protecting agents. Two sowing rollers (3, 4) adjoin two reservoirs (1, 2), each reservoir having a slit-like mouth piece. The sowing rollers are arranged one behind the other on a common geometric axis, but mechanically and kinematically are mounted on a hollow shaft (5) or on a core shaft (6) passing through the hollow shaft. Each of said shafts (5, 6) is driven by a rotational-speed-controllable electric motor (10, 11). The sowing rollers are exchanged or placed onto the hollow shaft (5) or onto the core shaft (6) in the form of assemblies, or cell wheels (7) or solid disks (8) are connected to the shafts (5, 6) for conjoint rotation therewith by means of a drive profile. This results in a precisely controllable metering device which, because of its compact design, can be retroactively mounted on and retrofitted on soil-working devices.

Description

SEEDER Technical area

The invention relates to a seeder for agriculture, in particular as an attachment for a harrow, for pneumatic distribution of seeds and / or fertilizer or pesticides, with at least one reservoir, the bottom side a slot-like mouthpiece transverse to the direction of travel, which two on associated with parallel cell wheels, the cell wheels of a Säwalze on a hollow shaft and those of the other Säwalze on a hollow shaft cross-core shaft are positively arranged and connect chambers of a tap box to one or more cell wheels, and hoses from the Chambers to a baffle plate when distributed over a floor surface or lead to a coulter for introduction into the ground.

State of the art

Out DE 102005042006 A is a pneumatic seed and / or fertilizer distribution machine known as an attachment or construction on a harrow. A reservoir is followed by a metering device, which forwards the required amount of seed or fertilizer to the harrow. This pneumatic distributor is laterally, so not centered, positioned on the harrow and thus easier to operate than before. Hoses are used to convey the seed to the individual seed coulters of the soil cultivator.

US 4296695 A relates to a seeder with two storage containers and each with a metering device and a combination of, for example, seed grains and fertilizer granules from the two storage containers in a precisely adjustable mixing ratio. A fan conveys the mixture to the coulters or to a large distribution device.

Out DE 19833691 A is known a modular system following an agricultural tractor, which includes work tools on a support frame between wheels. Seed can be fed via a metering a harrow, such as a rotor harrow. Also coulters can be connected via hoses with a drill, which are provided to increase the working width segments of the support frame hinged.

DE 102011054862 A discloses a cultivator with a rotary cultivator with about a vertical axis rotating and juxtaposed pairs of prongs. This is preceded by a metering device for seeds, fertilizer granules or the like, which is supplied by a reservoir. Lines of a pneumatic conveying device establish the connection between the components.

Also from US 2002100401 A is an independent seeder is known, which has a frame on the bottom side coulters are arranged adjustable in height and carries two reservoir, each with a metering device that feed the seed, the fertilizer granules or other granular additives to the coulters on hoses. This seeder is used as a complex mobile single unit, but not used as an attachment to existing tillage equipment.

Out DE 3033119 A is a seeder known in which a plurality of successive hollow shafts are mounted around a core shaft. The cell wheels are all arranged on these hollow shafts. If a hollow shaft is coupled to the core shaft, then the corresponding cell wheels will promote seed when decoupled, but not. In this way tramlines can remain seed-free.

The structure of the generic sowing machine according to CA 2286244 A is similar, but here half of the cell wheels is constantly driven and arranged only the other half of the cell wheels on a disengageable hollow shaft. In this way, the spread can be halved.

Presentation of the invention

The invention aims to provide a compact construction machine that can be easily adapted to different requirements in terms of seed or aggregates and is particularly user-friendly. This is achieved in that the hollow shaft and the core shaft on the one longitudinal side of the drill for adjusting individual flow rates or mixing ratios on separately controllable electric motors as drives and the hollow shaft and the core shaft of the electric motors or decoupled from these downstream transmissions and of the opposite lying, non-driven longitudinal side of the drill from axially removable and interchangeable.

By arranging the suction rollers on coaxial shafts according to the invention, the two successively arranged suction rollers each with the desired mixing ratio corresponding speeds can be driven. The metering device is characterized extremely compact in construction, as is expedient in particular for the subsequent arrangement on existing tillage equipment. It is of particular advantage that in the case of a conversion, a unit is laterally removed from one side and exchanged for a prepared other unit with two other suction rollers on the same geometric axis, or the hollow shaft and the penetrating and projecting core shaft are provided with a new register of cellular wheels and solid rollers. or dummy disks can be converted.

For this purpose, it is advantageous if the hollow shaft as well as the core shaft, both of which have a driver profile, both cell wheels with different cell sizes for different grain sizes or quantities of seeds, fertilizer granules or pesticides, as well as full or dummy discs in an alternating selectable order to reduce the flow rates are plugged. This results in a further advantage in terms of easy adaptation to different seed or different aggregate granules. As parameters for the dosage, the adjustable speeds and the configuration of the Säwalzen are decisive due to the number and the specific design of the cell wheels and the number of full discs, which slow down the throughput, as well as the driving speed.

Brief description of the drawings

In the drawings, an embodiment of the subject invention is shown schematically. Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a sowing machine according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a cross section thereto and Fig. 3 shows a saw roller as a detail.

Best way to carry out the invention

According to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a seeder has two storage containers 1 and 2 arranged side by side, one of which can be filled, for example, with seed and the other with fertilizer granules. A slit-like container outlet are facing each Säwalzen 3 and 4. Although these are arranged one behind the other on a common geometrical axis, a hollow shaft 5 and a core shaft 6 penetrating it and penetrating it are used as mechanical drive shafts, on which cellular wheels 7 and solid disks 8 are attached non-rotatably as required. The cell wheels 7 comprise peripherally open chambers 9 which are large enough to receive a seed or a constant number of seeds. The diameter of the cell wheels 7 are always the same size, however, the width, the depth and the number of chambers 9 can vary circumferentially. The cell wheels 7 are to a certain extent entrainers, each of which removes a seed grain when it is being turned past the container outlet. Depending on the filling material of the container granules of any kind, so for example, fertilizer granules are always taken in a constant amount instead of a seed grain.

Decisive for the throughput and thus also for the mixing ratio are therefore the chamber sizes of the cell wheels 7, the number of cell wheels 7 within a Säwalze 3 or 4 and also the speed. There are two controllable electric motors 10 and 11 together with a symbolically illustrated transmission 12 is provided. The motor 10 transmits its torque via the gear 12 to the hollow shaft 5. The motor 11 drives the core shaft 6, which passes through the hollow shaft 5 and projects beyond in the axial direction. Both hollow shaft 5 and core shaft 6 deviate in cross-section from the circular shape and have, for example, a cam groove or a polygonal contour (for example, hexagon). The cellular wheels 7 and the solid discs 8 have congruent hub configurations and can be positively and rotatably mounted on the hollow shaft 5 and the core shaft 6 plugged and secured. In this way, the Säwalzen 3 and 4 are constructed and equipped and driven at different speeds on the same geometric axis. Of course, the drive is directed by the electric motors 10 and 11 according to the travel speed of the drawn, for example, an agricultural tractor tillage equipment. For this purpose, a control is provided which has not been shown in the figures.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 show the seed and granules are metered and in the exact mixing ratio by pneumatic conveying (blower 13) in a chambered outlet box 14, connect to which lines here as hoses 15 (following the saw roller 3) and as tubes 16 (following the saw roller 4) are shown. It is assumed that the storage container 1 with seed and the reservoir 2 is filled with a fertilizer granules. Thus, seeds and fertilizer get precisely metered to the coulters 17 and depending on the arrangement of the spout in different depths in the ground.

Of course, centrifugal discs can be used at the end of the tubes 15 and 16 so as to distribute seed and fertilizer or pesticide on the surface of a field or the like.

FIG. 3 shows, in conjunction with FIG. 2, the replacement of the equiaxed suction rollers 3 and 4. Both the hollow shaft 5 and the core shaft 6 are detachably connected to the motors 10 and 11 and the transmission 12 by clutches 18, 19 (e.g., lockable push-in couplings). A cover 20 with an abutment 21 is removed and the Säwalze 3, 4 can be pulled out to the right in Fig. 2. Either is converted with other cell wheels 7 and or or full discs 8 or kept a second set of Säwalzen on other hollow and core shafts for exchange for different seeds or granules in stock and inserted. The conversion takes only a few minutes and can be performed from one and the same side of the machine. Motors 10, 11 and gear 12 and control are on the other side and from there speeds are selected and set the mixing ratio. The driving speed is taken from an impeller by means of a sensor and also fed to the controller. Mention should also be a stirrer 22, which is driven by the engine 10 to prevent blockages at the Behälterausläufen. The motors 10 and 11 have been described in the embodiment as electric motors. Of course, hydraulic motors or pneumatic drives for the Säwalzen 3 and 4 can be used and integrated into the scheme.

Claims (2)

1. A seeder for agriculture, in particular as an attachment for a harrow, for the pneumatic distribution of seeds and / or fertilizer or pesticides, with at least one reservoir (1, 2), the bottom side has a slot-like mouthpiece transverse to the direction of travel, which two Saw rollers (3, 4) with parallel cellular wheels (7) are associated with one another on a common geometric axis, wherein the cell wheels (7) of one saw roller (3) on a hollow shaft (5) and those of the other saw roller (4) on one Hollow shaft sweeping core shaft (6) are arranged positively and chambers of a tap box to one or more cell wheels (7) connect, and hoses (15, 16) from the chambers to a baffle plate when distributed over a bottom surface or a coulter (17) for introduction lead into the ground, characterized in that the hollow shaft (5) and the core shaft (6) on one longitudinal side the seeder for adjusting individual flow rates or mixing ratios on separately controllable electric motors (10, 11) as drives and the hollow shaft (5) and the core shaft (6) from the electric motors (10, 11) or from these downstream transmissions uncoupled and from the opposite, non-driven longitudinal side of the drill are axially removable and interchangeable.
2. Seed drill according to claim 1, characterized in that on the hollow shaft (5) and also on the core shaft (6), both having a driver profile, both cell wheels (7) with different cell sizes for different grain sizes or quantities of seeds, fertilizer granules or pesticides, as well as full discs (8) or dummy discs in alternate selectable order to reduce the flow rates can be plugged.

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