CN112600451A - Flexible direct current converter valve power module capacitor voltage equalizing method - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a capacitor voltage equalizing method for a power module of a flexible direct current converter valve, which comprises the steps of generating an input sequence and a cut-off sequence according to the input and cut-off sequence of the power module and the capacitor voltage state of the power module; and then according to the bridge arm current, the switching requirement and the voltage-sharing effect requirement, selecting corresponding modules in the switching sequence and the cutting sequence according to a set switching rule to carry out switching of the switching state and the cutting state, and generating a new switching sequence and a new cutting sequence. According to the invention, the module capacitor voltage is not needed, so that the real-time performance of the module capacitor voltage is not required, the module is only required to upload the overrun information under the condition that the capacitor voltage is overrun, the data volume uploaded by the module is greatly reduced, and the system performance design requirement can be met without a high communication data rate. The invention provides feasibility for the valve control system to adopt an intensive scheme, reduces the realization difficulty and technical requirements of the intensive scheme of the valve control system, and simultaneously reduces the total cost of the valve control system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of flexible direct current power transmission, and particularly relates to a flexible direct current converter valve power module capacitor voltage equalizing method.
Background
The flexible DC transmission technology is a new type of DC transmission technology based on fully-controlled power electronic devices, voltage source converters and pulse width modulation technology. In 1990, Boon-Teck Ooi et al in Canada firstly proposed a voltage source converter-based high-voltage direct-current transmission technology (VSC-HVDC), which is called a flexible direct-current transmission technology in China. The first flexible direct current transmission experimental project in the world in 1997And (10kV, 3MW) construction and operation. The german scholars Rainer Marquardt in 2001 proposed a modular based multilevel converter technology. In 2010, the first flexible direct current transmission project, Trans Bay Cable project (200 kV +/-400 MW), based on the modular multilevel converter in the world is built and put into operation. At present, the flexible direct current transmission project of +/-350 kV and 1000MW is established in China, and marks meThe state has been at the forefront of the world in the development of engineering technology in this area.
Compared with the conventional direct current, the flexible direct current transmission system has the advantages of no commutation failure, independent adjustment and control of active power and reactive power, low harmonic level, small occupied area, contribution to construction of a multi-terminal direct current system and the like, and is suitable for the fields of large-scale renewable energy grid connection, asynchronous interconnection of large-scale power grids, power supply to a passive network and the like. With the continuous improvement of technical parameters of high-power fully-controlled power electronic devices, the demonstration application of the flexible direct-current transmission technology in the aspects of high-voltage and high-capacity transmission projects is further accelerated. In the world, the market scale of flexible direct current transmission reaches several billion yuan every year, and the flexible direct current transmission presents an increasing trend and has wide market prospect.
The converter valve of the flexible direct current transmission system is formed by connecting a plurality of power modules in series, and an energy storage capacitor is arranged in each power module. Due to the fact that device parameters selected for constructing the power modules have differences, and charging and discharging effects of different modules are inconsistent in the operation process, imbalance of capacitance and voltage of different power modules can be caused. Therefore, the voltage of the power module capacitor must be controlled to be equalized. The voltage-sharing effect of the capacitor voltage of the power module directly affects the performance of the whole system and even leads to the fact that the whole system cannot operate.
The existing similar power module capacitor voltage equalizing schemes are all based on power module capacitor voltage sequencing, and the specific description is as follows: the valve control system collects the capacitance voltages of all the power modules on the bridge arm and sorts the capacitance voltages according to the power modules; and selecting the module to work according to the sequencing result and the current direction of the bridge arm. When the current direction of the bridge arm is the direction for charging the capacitor of the power module, selecting the module with smaller capacitor voltage of the power module to work; and when the current direction of the bridge arm is the direction for discharging the capacitor of the power module, selecting the module with larger capacitor voltage of the power module to work. The voltage-sharing principle based on the power module capacitor voltage sequencing and voltage-sharing strategy can be summarized as follows: the capacitor voltage is high and discharged preferentially, and the capacitor voltage is low and charged preferentially.
A voltage-sharing strategy based on power module capacitor voltage sequencing requires a valve control system to acquire all power module capacitor voltages and to sequence the power module capacitor voltages. Because the voltage level of the existing flexible direct current transmission system is hundreds of kilovolts, the capacity is gigawatts, the number of power modules required on a single bridge arm is generally not less than 300, and if the module capacitor voltage is calculated according to 8-bit data, the capacity of a memory for receiving the power module capacitor voltage in the valve control system needs 2400 bits. As the performance requirements of power systems for controllers are increasing, communication delays and algorithm execution times need to be continuously compressed. In order to reduce the uploading delay of the module capacitor voltage, the internal communication rate of the valve control system is required to be high enough; in order to shorten the capacitor voltage sequencing time, a high-performance processor is required to be selected by a control system. This makes the design of the control system difficult and costly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a voltage equalizing method for the capacitor voltage of the power module of the flexible direct current converter valve. The invention can reduce the internal communication rate of the valve control system and the requirement on the FPGA performance, and correspondingly reduces the cost of the valve control system. Meanwhile, the method provides feasibility for intensification of the valve control system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the steps of:
s1, arranging the input power modules according to the input sequence to generate an input sequence;
s2, arranging the cut power modules according to the sequence to generate a cut sequence;
s3, rearranging the sequence of the internal power modules of the input sequence according to the voltage state of the capacitors of the modules in the sequence to form a new input sequence;
s4, rearranging the sequence of the internal power modules of the cutting sequence according to the voltage state of the capacitors of the modules in the sequence to form a new cutting sequence;
s5, redistributing the input state and the cut-off state of the power module according to the current direction of the bridge arm, the switching requirement and the voltage-sharing effect requirement to finish the operation of the voltage-sharing strategy;
and S6, issuing the latest input cutting command to the power module according to the operation result of the voltage-sharing strategy, collecting the voltage state information of the module capacitor, and returning to S3.
In S1, the power modules to be put into the array are arranged in two ways:
firstly, putting the power module which is firstly put in at the front part of a queue, and then putting the modules which are put in backward in sequence according to the putting sequence, wherein the last module is the power module which is put in last;
and secondly, the last module is placed at the front part of the queue, the first module is arranged backwards in sequence according to the input sequence, and the last module is the power module which is input firstly.
In S2, the power modules to be cut off are arranged in the following two ways:
firstly, placing the power module which is cut off firstly at the front part of the queue, arranging the modules which are cut off later backwards in sequence according to the cutting-off sequence, and finally, taking the power module which is cut off last;
and secondly, the last module to be cut off is placed at the front part of the queue, the modules to be cut off first are sequentially arranged backwards according to the cutting-off sequence, and the last module is the power module to be cut off first.
In S3, the rearrangement is performed by moving the power module exceeding the set upper limit in the input sequence to the first input position; the power module exceeding the set lower limit moves to the last input position; and the other power modules are sequentially arranged according to the input sequence to finally form a new input sequence.
In S4, the rearrangement is to move the power module exceeding the set upper limit in the cutting sequence to the last cutting position; the power module exceeding the set lower limit moves to the first cutting position; and the other power modules are sequentially arranged according to the cutting sequence to form a new cutting sequence.
In S5, when the bridge arm current is in the module capacitor charging direction, the switching requirement is to add n modules, and the voltage-sharing effect requirement is to exchange m modules, continuously selecting n + m power modules from the first cutting position of the cutting sequence to switch the power modules into the input modules, and placing the newly input n + m modules to the last input position of the input sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the first input position of the input sequence to be switched into a cutting module, and placing the newly cut m modules into the last cutting position of the cutting sequence; newly input n + m modules and the rest of the input modules after m modules are cut off form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and forming a new cutting sequence by the newly cut m modules and the rest part of the cut modules after the n + m modules are put into the cut modules according to a set rule.
In S5, when the bridge arm current is the charging direction of the module capacitor, the switching requirement is to reduce the input of n modules, and the voltage-sharing effect requirement is to exchange m modules, continuously selecting n + m power modules from the first input position of the input sequence to switch the power modules into the cutting modules, and placing the newly cut n + m modules into the last cutting position of the cutting sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the first cutting position of the cutting sequence to be switched into input modules, and placing the newly input m modules at the last input position of the input sequence; newly input m modules and the rest part of the input modules from which n + m modules are cut form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and the newly cut n + m modules and the rest of the cut modules after the m modules are put into the cut modules form a new cut sequence according to a set rule.
In S5, when the bridge arm current is in the module capacitor discharging direction, the switching requirement is to add n modules, and the voltage-sharing effect requirement is to exchange m modules, continuously selecting n + m power modules from the last cutting position of the cutting sequence to switch the power modules into the input modules, and placing the newly input n + m modules to the first input position of the input sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the last input position of the input sequence, switching the power modules into a cutting module, and placing the newly cut m modules into the first cutting position of the cutting sequence; newly input n + m modules and the rest of the input modules after m modules are cut off form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and forming a new cutting sequence by the newly cut m modules and the rest part of the cut modules after the n + m modules are put into the cut modules according to a set rule.
In S5, when the bridge arm current is in the module capacitor discharging direction, the switching requirement is to reduce the input of n modules, and the voltage-sharing effect requirement is to exchange m modules, continuously selecting n + m power modules from the last input position of the input sequence to switch the power modules into the cutting modules, and placing the newly cut n + m modules at the first cutting position of the cutting sequence; simultaneously, m power modules are continuously selected from the last cutting position of the cutting sequence and switched into input modules, and the newly input m modules are placed at the first input position of the input sequence; newly input m modules and the rest part of the input modules from which n + m modules are cut form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and the newly cut n + m modules and the rest of the cut modules after the m modules are put into the cut modules form a new cut sequence according to a set rule.
Compared with the prior art, the method generates the input sequence and the cut-off sequence according to the input and cut-off sequence of the power module and the capacitance voltage state of the power module; and then according to the bridge arm current, the switching requirement and the voltage-sharing effect requirement, selecting corresponding modules in the switching sequence and the cutting sequence according to a set switching rule to carry out switching of the switching state and the cutting state, and generating a new switching sequence and a new cutting sequence. According to the invention, the module capacitor voltage is not needed, so that the real-time performance of the module capacitor voltage is not required, the module is only required to upload the overrun information under the condition that the capacitor voltage is overrun, the data volume uploaded by the module is greatly reduced, and the system performance design requirement can be met without a high communication data rate. The invention provides feasibility for the valve control system to adopt an intensive scheme, reduces the realization difficulty and technical requirements of the intensive scheme of the valve control system, and simultaneously reduces the total cost of the valve control system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an MMC topology diagram;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of simulation according to the present invention; the system comprises a power supply system, a phase A upper bridge arm module, a phase B upper bridge arm module, a phase C lower bridge arm module, a phase C upper bridge arm module, a phase C lower bridge arm module.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further explained below.
The invention comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging the input power modules according to the input sequence to generate an input sequence; the power modules put into the device are arranged in the following two ways:
firstly, putting the power module which is firstly put in at the front part of a queue, and then putting the modules which are put in backward in sequence according to the putting sequence, wherein the last module is the power module which is put in last;
and secondly, the last module is placed at the front part of the queue, the first module is arranged backwards in sequence according to the input sequence, and the last module is the power module which is input firstly.
S2, arranging the cut power modules according to the sequence to generate a cut sequence; the power modules for cutting off are arranged in the following two ways:
firstly, placing the power module which is cut off firstly at the front part of the queue, arranging the modules which are cut off later backwards in sequence according to the cutting-off sequence, and finally, taking the power module which is cut off last;
and secondly, the last module to be cut off is placed at the front part of the queue, the modules to be cut off first are sequentially arranged backwards according to the cutting-off sequence, and the last module is the power module to be cut off first.
S3, rearranging the sequence of the internal power modules of the input sequence according to the voltage state of the capacitors of the modules in the sequence to form a new input sequence; the rearrangement is to move the power module exceeding the set upper limit in the input sequence to the first input position; the power module exceeding the set lower limit moves to the last input position; and the other power modules are sequentially arranged according to the input sequence to finally form a new input sequence.
S4, rearranging the sequence of the internal power modules of the cutting sequence according to the voltage state of the capacitors of the modules in the sequence to form a new cutting sequence; the rearrangement is to move the power module exceeding the set upper limit in the excision sequence to the final excision position; the power module exceeding the set lower limit moves to the first cutting position; and the other power modules are sequentially arranged according to the cutting sequence to form a new cutting sequence.
S5, redistributing the input state and the cut-off state of the power module according to the current direction of the bridge arm, the switching requirement and the voltage-sharing effect requirement to finish the operation of the voltage-sharing strategy; the reallocation is divided into the following four cases:
when bridge arm current is in a module capacitor charging direction, switching requirements are that n modules are added and put in, and voltage-sharing effects are that m modules are exchanged, continuously selecting n + m power modules from the first cutting position of a cutting sequence to switch the power modules into the putting modules, and putting the newly-put n + m modules into the last putting position of the putting sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the first input position of the input sequence to be switched into a cutting module, and placing the newly cut m modules into the last cutting position of the cutting sequence; newly input n + m modules and the rest of the input modules after m modules are cut off form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and forming a new cutting sequence by the newly cut m modules and the rest part of the cut modules after the n + m modules are put into the cut modules according to a set rule.
When bridge arm current is in a module capacitor charging direction, switching requirements are n modules are reduced, and voltage-sharing effects are required to be m modules, continuously selecting n + m power modules from the first input position of an input sequence to switch the power modules into a cutting module, and placing the newly cut n + m modules into the last cutting position of a cutting sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the first cutting position of the cutting sequence to be switched into input modules, and placing the newly input m modules at the last input position of the input sequence; newly input m modules and the rest part of the input modules from which n + m modules are cut form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and the newly cut n + m modules and the rest of the cut modules after the m modules are put into the cut modules form a new cut sequence according to a set rule.
When bridge arm current is in a module capacitor discharging direction, switching requirements are that n modules are added, and voltage-sharing effects are required that m modules are exchanged, continuously selecting n + m power modules from the last cutting position of a cutting sequence and switching the power modules into the input modules, and placing the newly input n + m modules at the first input position of the input sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the last input position of the input sequence, switching the power modules into a cutting module, and placing the newly cut m modules into the first cutting position of the cutting sequence; newly input n + m modules and the rest of the input modules after m modules are cut off form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and forming a new cutting sequence by the newly cut m modules and the rest part of the cut modules after the n + m modules are put into the cut modules according to a set rule.
When bridge arm current is in a module capacitor discharging direction, switching requirements are n modules are reduced, and voltage-sharing effects are required to be m modules, n + m power modules are continuously selected from the last input position of an input sequence and switched into a cutting module, and the n + m newly cut modules are placed at the first cutting position of the cutting sequence; simultaneously, m power modules are continuously selected from the last cutting position of the cutting sequence and switched into input modules, and the newly input m modules are placed at the first input position of the input sequence; newly input m modules and the rest part of the input modules from which n + m modules are cut form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and the newly cut n + m modules and the rest of the cut modules after the m modules are put into the cut modules form a new cut sequence according to a set rule.
And S6, issuing the latest input cutting command to the power module according to the operation result of the voltage-sharing strategy, collecting the voltage state information of the module capacitor, and returning to S3.
The basic principle of the voltage-sharing strategy provided by the invention is that the power module with the capacitor voltage exceeding the voltage-sharing effect requirement is charged and discharged preferentially, and the power module with the capacitor voltage not exceeding the voltage-sharing effect requirement is charged and discharged sequentially according to the input sequence and the cut-off sequence, so that the capacitor voltage and the module switching frequency of all the power modules are in a reasonable setting range.
And constructing a single-ended MMC in the simulation system for simulation verification. The MMC topology is a three-phase structure as shown in fig. 1, each phase is composed of two bridge arms, and each bridge arm is composed of 12 power modules (2 redundant modules) and 1 bridge arm inductor in series. The simulation system parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 simulation parameters
Gradually increasing from 0 power to positive full power from 0.1 s; and gradually reducing the time from positive full power to negative full power at 0.5 s. In the whole simulation process, the capacitor voltages of all modules of the bridge arm fluctuate near a set value of 2kV, and the fluctuation range does not exceed the set value. The simulated waveform is shown in figure 2.
Claims (9)
1. A voltage equalizing method for a capacitor of a power module of a flexible direct current converter valve is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging the input power modules according to the input sequence to generate an input sequence;
s2, arranging the cut power modules according to the cutting sequence to generate a cutting sequence;
s3, rearranging the sequence of the internal power modules of the input sequence according to the voltage state of the capacitors of the modules in the sequence to form a new input sequence;
s4, rearranging the sequence of the internal power modules of the cutting sequence according to the voltage state of the capacitors of the modules in the sequence to form a new cutting sequence;
s5, redistributing the input state and the cut-off state of the power module according to the current direction of the bridge arm, the switching requirement and the voltage-sharing effect requirement to finish the operation of the voltage-sharing strategy;
and S6, issuing the latest input cutting command to the power module according to the operation result of the voltage-sharing strategy, collecting the voltage state information of the module capacitor, and returning to S3.
2. The flexible direct current converter valve power module capacitor voltage grading method according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the power modules are arranged in the following two ways:
firstly, putting the power module which is firstly put in at the front part of a queue, and then putting the modules which are put in backward in sequence according to the putting sequence, wherein the last module is the power module which is put in last;
and secondly, the last module is placed at the front part of the queue, the first module is arranged backwards in sequence according to the input sequence, and the last module is the power module which is input firstly.
3. The flexible direct current converter valve power module capacitor voltage grading method according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the cut power modules are arranged in the following two ways:
firstly, placing the power module which is cut off firstly at the front part of the queue, arranging the modules which are cut off later backwards in sequence according to the cutting-off sequence, and finally, taking the power module which is cut off last;
and secondly, the last module to be cut off is placed at the front part of the queue, the modules to be cut off first are sequentially arranged backwards according to the cutting-off sequence, and the last module is the power module to be cut off first.
4. The method for equalizing the voltage of the capacitors of the power modules of the flexible direct current converter valve according to claim 1, wherein the rearrangement in S3 is to move the power modules exceeding the set upper limit to the first input position in the input sequence; the power module exceeding the set lower limit moves to the last input position; and the other power modules are sequentially arranged according to the input sequence to finally form a new input sequence.
5. The flexible direct converter valve power module capacitor voltage grading method according to claim 1, wherein in S4, the rearrangement is to move the power module exceeding the set upper limit in the cut sequence to the last cut position; the power module exceeding the set lower limit moves to the first cutting position; and the other power modules are sequentially arranged according to the cutting sequence to form a new cutting sequence.
6. The capacitor voltage equalizing method for the power modules of the flexible-direct converter valve according to claim 1, wherein in S5, when bridge arm current is in a module capacitor charging direction, switching requirements are to add n modules, and equalizing effect requirements are to switch m modules, n + m power modules are continuously selected from a first cut position of a cut sequence to be switched to be input modules, and n + m newly input modules are placed at a last input position of the input sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the first input position of the input sequence to be switched into a cutting module, and placing the newly cut m modules into the last cutting position of the cutting sequence; newly input n + m modules and the rest of the input modules after m modules are cut off form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and forming a new cutting sequence by the newly cut m modules and the rest part of the cut modules after the n + m modules are put into the cut modules according to a set rule.
7. The flexible direct current converter valve power module capacitor voltage equalizing method according to claim 1, wherein in S5, when the bridge arm current is a module capacitor charging direction, the switching requirement is to reduce n modules to be switched, and the equalizing effect requirement is to switch m modules, n + m power modules are continuously selected from a first switching position of a switching sequence to be switched to a cutting module, and the newly cut n + m modules are placed at a last cutting position of the cutting sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the first cutting position of the cutting sequence to be switched into input modules, and placing the newly input m modules at the last input position of the input sequence; newly input m modules and the rest part of the input modules from which n + m modules are cut form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and the newly cut n + m modules and the rest of the cut modules after the m modules are put into the cut modules form a new cut sequence according to a set rule.
8. The capacitor voltage equalizing method for the power modules of the flexible-direct converter valve according to claim 1, wherein in S5, when bridge arm current is in a module capacitor discharging direction, switching requirements are to add n modules, and equalizing effects are to switch m modules, n + m power modules are continuously selected from a last cutting position of a cutting sequence and switched to be input modules, and the newly input n + m modules are placed at a first input position of the input sequence; simultaneously, continuously selecting m power modules from the last input position of the input sequence, switching the power modules into a cutting module, and placing the newly cut m modules into the first cutting position of the cutting sequence; newly input n + m modules and the rest of the input modules after m modules are cut off form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and forming a new cutting sequence by the newly cut m modules and the rest part of the cut modules after the n + m modules are put into the cut modules according to a set rule.
9. The capacitor voltage equalizing method for the power modules of the flexible-direct converter valve according to claim 1, wherein in S5, when bridge arm current is in a module capacitor discharging direction, switching requirements are to reduce n modules to be switched, and equalizing effects are to switch m modules, n + m power modules are continuously selected from a last switching position of a switching sequence to be switched to a cutting module, and n + m newly cut modules are placed at a first cutting position of the cutting sequence; simultaneously, m power modules are continuously selected from the last cutting position of the cutting sequence and switched into input modules, and the newly input m modules are placed at the first input position of the input sequence; newly input m modules and the rest part of the input modules from which n + m modules are cut form a new input sequence according to a set rule; and the newly cut n + m modules and the rest of the cut modules after the m modules are put into the cut modules form a new cut sequence according to a set rule.
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