CN112594696B - Small-size energy-conserving green solid useless processing system - Google Patents

Small-size energy-conserving green solid useless processing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112594696B
CN112594696B CN202011484331.9A CN202011484331A CN112594696B CN 112594696 B CN112594696 B CN 112594696B CN 202011484331 A CN202011484331 A CN 202011484331A CN 112594696 B CN112594696 B CN 112594696B
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China
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box body
heat exchanger
pyrolysis
port
air inlet
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CN112594696A (en
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赵成坚
陈博
鲁海海
烟小亿
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Shaanxi Houyi Energy Saving Environmental Protection New Material Technology Co ltd
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Shaanxi Houyi Energy Saving Environmental Protection New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system which comprises a crushing elevator, a storage box and a spiral pyrolysis device which are sequentially connected, wherein a radiator is arranged in the storage box, the spiral pyrolysis device is respectively connected with a circulating fan and a heat exchanger A, the heat exchanger A is sequentially connected with the radiator, the fan and a washing device A, the washing device A is respectively connected with a liquid purification device and a heat exchanger B, the heat exchanger B is respectively connected with a washing device B and a catalytic oxidation device, and the washing device B is connected with a water pump B; a water pump A is arranged between the washing device A and the liquid purification device, the liquid purification device is further connected with the smashing and lifting machine, and the storage box is further connected with the fan and the heat exchanger A respectively. Solves the problems of high energy consumption and secondary pollution of the existing solid waste treatment mode.

Description

Small-size energy-conserving green solid useless processing system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, and relates to a small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system.
Background
Currently, there are several general approaches to solid waste treatment: firstly, landfill treatment, which can pollute the atmosphere and soil and occupies a large area; secondly, pyrolysis power generation, the transportation cost of the treatment mode is high, and the method is not suitable for areas with less garbage output, such as villages and towns; and thirdly, a small solid waste treatment system is utilized for treatment, but the conventional small solid waste treatment system mostly adopts a vertical pyrolysis furnace for high-temperature pyrolysis, is influenced by garbage components and water content, has poor adaptability, high energy consumption and easy secondary pollution, and is not widely popularized in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system, which solves the problems of high energy consumption and secondary pollution of the existing solid waste treatment mode.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system comprises a crushing elevator, a storage box and a spiral pyrolysis device which are sequentially connected, wherein a radiator is arranged in the storage box, the spiral pyrolysis device is respectively connected with a circulating fan and a heat exchanger A, the heat exchanger A is sequentially connected with the radiator, the fan and a washing device A, the washing device A is respectively connected with a liquid purification device and a heat exchanger B, the heat exchanger B is respectively connected with a washing device B and a catalytic oxidation device, and the washing device B is connected with a water pump B; a water pump A is arranged between the washing device A and the liquid purification device, the liquid purification device is further connected with the smashing and lifting machine, and the storage box is further connected with the fan and the heat exchanger A respectively.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the crushing elevator comprises a crushing box body, a cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the crushing box body, a slag charge inlet is formed in the cover plate, a crusher shaft is arranged in the crushing box body along the vertical direction, the upper end of the crusher shaft penetrates through the cover plate and extends out of the crushing box body, a motor A is connected to the upper end of the crusher shaft, a knife rest is arranged at the lower end of the crusher shaft, a blade is arranged on the knife rest, a feed port A is formed in one side of the crushing box body and is connected with a liquid purification device, and the feed port A is located above the blade;
a material lifting cavity is further arranged in the crushing box body, a screw rod A is arranged in the crushing box body in the vertical direction and is parallel to the shaft of the crushing machine, the upper end of the screw rod A penetrates through the cover plate and extends out of the material lifting cavity, and a speed reducer A and a motor B are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the screw rod A; an opening is formed in the lower side of the material lifting cavity, a grid is arranged at the opening, and the grid is located between the material lifting cavity and the tool rest; the upside of material promotion cavity is equipped with discharge gate A, and discharge gate A is connected with the storage case, and discharge gate A and feed inlet A are located the relative both sides of smashing the box respectively.
The material storage box comprises a box body, a feeding hole B is formed in one side of the box body and connected with the crushing elevator, a radiator is arranged in the box body, an air inlet A and an air outlet A are formed in two sides of the upper end of the radiator respectively, the air inlet A is connected with the heat exchanger A, and the air outlet A is connected with an air inlet of the fan; a condensed water outlet is formed in the bottom of the radiator and extends to the outer side of the box body; the bottom of box is equipped with discharge gate B, and discharge gate B is connected with spiral pyrolysis device.
Spiral pyrolysis device includes the pyrolysis box that the level set up, the coaxial hob B that is equipped with in the pyrolysis box, decelerator B and motor C are stretched out and connect gradually in the pyrolysis box to hob B's one end, the top of pyrolysis box is equipped with feed inlet C, the one end upside of pyrolysis box is equipped with gas vent B, the one end downside of pyrolysis box is equipped with circulation exhanst gas outlet, the other end upside of pyrolysis box is equipped with air inlet B, the other end downside of pyrolysis box is equipped with ash discharge opening and circulation flue gas entry respectively, still be equipped with temperature sensor on the outer wall of pyrolysis box, the inside one end that is close to the ash discharge opening of pyrolysis box is equipped with the heater.
The circulating fan is one of a centrifugal fan or an axial flow fan, an air inlet of the circulating fan is connected with a circulating flue gas outlet, and an air outlet of the circulating fan is connected with a circulating flue gas inlet.
The washing device A comprises an outer barrel A and an inner barrel A which are coaxially arranged along the vertical direction, the top of the outer barrel A is provided with an exhaust port C, the bottom of the outer barrel A is provided with a water outlet A, the side wall close to the bottom of the outer barrel A is provided with a water return port B, and the middle part of the outer barrel A is respectively provided with a fluid infusion port A and an overflow port A;
the upper end of the inner cylinder A is provided with a vacuum chamber A, one side of the vacuum chamber A is provided with an air inlet C, a nozzle A is coaxially arranged in the vacuum chamber A, the upper end of the nozzle A is provided with a water return port A, the lower end of the vacuum chamber A is provided with a throat pipe A, the cylinder wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder A is provided with a circle of holes A, and the lower end of the inner cylinder A is internally filled with a medium capable of changing the direction of a fluid;
the water return port A is connected with the water pump A, the water return port B is connected with the liquid purification device, and the exhaust port C is connected with the heat exchanger B.
Catalytic oxidation device includes the casing, and the both ends of casing are equipped with air inlet A and gas vent D respectively, and the interval is equipped with the baffle in the casing, and it has the catalyst to fill between two adjacent baffles.
The catalyst is spherical particles with the particle size of 1-40 mm or porous A honeycomb particles with the honeycomb holes A with the diameter of 2-30 mm.
The structure of the water washing device B is the same as that of the water washing device A.
The liquid purification device comprises a chemical tank, a slag box is arranged in the chemical tank, a purification tank is arranged below the chemical tank, the purification tank is communicated with the interior of the chemical tank, a slag lifting cylinder is coaxially arranged in the purification tank, a screw rod C is coaxially arranged in the slag lifting cylinder, the upper end of the slag lifting cylinder extends out of the upper end of the purification tank and enters the slag box, the upper end of the screw rod C enters the slag box along with the slag lifting cylinder, a discharge hole C is formed in the side wall of the upper end of the slag lifting cylinder, the discharge hole C is located in the slag box, the lower end of the screw rod C extends out of the bottom of the purification tank, the lower end of the screw rod C is sequentially connected with a speed reducer C and a motor D, a water inlet is formed in the side wall of the lower end of the purification tank, and a water outlet is formed in the side wall of the upper end of the purification tank;
the upper end part of the chemical box is provided with a chemical feeding port, and the bottom of the slag box is provided with a slag discharging port.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the universality is good. The system has pyrolysis temperature self-monitoring and self-adaptation functions, intelligently adjusts the pyrolysis speed according to the pyrolysis condition of the garbage, is suitable for the pyrolysis of the garbage without types and different heat values, and is not limited by the total amount of the garbage.
2. Energy conservation and consumption reduction. The system takes heat recovery into consideration in the structural design, and two heat exchangers are additionally arranged, so that the waste heat of the system is fully recycled.
3. No secondary pollution. The system has increased liquid purification function and gaseous catalytic oxidation function, can realize the thorough purification to system's sewage and waste gas, realizes the green innoxious of solid waste treatment overall flow.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a small-sized energy-saving green solid waste treatment system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a comminution lift in a small energy-efficient green solid waste treatment system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a comminution hoist in a small energy-efficient green solid waste treatment system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a storage bin in a small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a spiral pyrolysis apparatus in a small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a spiral pyrolysis apparatus in a small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a rear view of a water washing apparatus A in a small-sized energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a water washing apparatus A in a small-sized energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a catalytic oxidation unit in a small-scale energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a rear view of a water washing apparatus B in a small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a water washing apparatus B in a small-sized energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a sectional view of a liquid purification apparatus in a small-sized energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a crushing lifting device, 1-1, a feed inlet A,1-2, a motor A,1-3, a crusher shaft, 1-4, a knife rest, 1-5, a blade, 1-6, a grid, 1-7, a motor B,1-8, a speed reducer A,1-9, a screw rod A,1-10, a discharge outlet A,1-11, a slag charge inlet, 1-12, a crushing box body, 1-13, a cover plate, 1-14 and a material lifting cavity are arranged;
2. 2-1 parts of a material storage box, 2-2 parts of a feeding hole B,2-2 parts of a discharging hole B,2-3 parts of an air inlet A,2-4 parts of a radiator, 2-5 parts of an air outlet A,2-6 parts of an air outlet A, 2-7 parts of a condensed water outlet and a box body;
3. 3-1 parts of a spiral pyrolysis device, 3-2 parts of a feed inlet C, 3-3 parts of a spiral rod B,3-3 parts of an ash discharge port, 3-4 parts of an air inlet B,3-5 parts of an air outlet B,3-6 parts of an air exhaust port B, 3-7 parts of a circulating flue gas outlet, 3-8 parts of a circulating flue gas inlet, 3-9 parts of a motor C,3-9 parts of a speed reducer B,3-10 parts of a temperature sensor, 3-11 parts of a heater, 3-12 parts of a pyrolysis box body;
4. heat exchangers A and 5 and a fan;
6. the device comprises a water washing device A,6-1, an air inlet C,6-2, an air outlet C,6-3, a water outlet A,6-4, a water return port A,6-5, a liquid supplementing port A,6-6, an overflow port A,6-7, a water return port B,6-8, a vacuum chamber A,6-9, a throat pipe A,6-10, a nozzle A,6-11, an inner cylinder A,6-12, an outer cylinder A,6-13 and a hole A, wherein the inner cylinder A is arranged in the vacuum chamber A;
7. a heat exchanger B;
8. 8-1 parts of a catalytic oxidation device, 8-2 parts of a shell, 8-3 parts of a partition plate, 8-4 parts of an air inlet D and an air outlet D;
9. the device comprises a water washing device B,9-1, an air inlet D,9-2, an air outlet D,9-3, a water outlet B,9-4, a water return port C,9-5, a liquid supplementing port B,9-6, an overflow port B,9-7, a water return port D,9-8, a vacuum chamber B,9-9, a throat pipe B,9-10, a nozzle B,9-11, an inner cylinder B,9-12, an outer cylinder B,9-13 and a hole B, wherein the inner cylinder B is a hollow cylinder;
10. 10-1 parts of a liquid purification device, 10-2 parts of a purification tank, 10-3 parts of a chemical box, 10-4 parts of a slag box, 10-5 parts of a water inlet, 10-6 parts of a water outlet, 10-6 parts of a motor D,10-7 parts of a speed reducer C,10-8 parts of a screw rod C,10-9 parts of a discharge port, 10-10 parts of a slag discharge port, 10-11 parts of a chemical feeding port, 10-12 parts of a slag lifting cylinder;
11. circulating fan, 12, water pumps A,13 and water pump B.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a small-sized energy-saving green solid waste treatment system, which comprises a crushing elevator 1, a material storage box 2 and a spiral pyrolysis device 3 which are connected in sequence as shown in figure 1; the spiral pyrolysis device 3 is respectively connected with a circulating fan 11 and a heat exchanger A4, the heat exchanger A4 is sequentially connected with a fan 5 and a washing device A6, the washing device A6 is respectively connected with a liquid purification device 10 and a heat exchanger B7, the heat exchanger B7 is respectively connected with a washing device B9 and a catalytic oxidation device 8, and the washing device B9 is connected with a water pump B13; be equipped with water pump A12 between water washing unit A6 and the liquid purification device 10, liquid purification device 10 still is connected with crushing lifting machine 1, and storage case 2 still is connected with fan 5 and heat exchanger A4 respectively.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the crushing lifter 1 comprises a crushing box body 1-12, a cover plate 1-13 is arranged at the upper end of the crushing box body 1-12, a slag inlet 1-11 is arranged on the cover plate 1-13, a crusher shaft 1-3 is arranged in the crushing box body 1-12 along the vertical direction, the upper end of the crusher shaft 1-3 passes through the cover plate 1-13 and extends out of the crushing box body 1-12, the upper end of the crusher shaft 1-3 is connected with a motor A1-2, the lower end of the crusher shaft 1-3 is provided with a knife rest 1-4, a knife rest 1-5 is arranged on the knife rest 1-4, a feed port A1-1 is arranged at one side of the crushing box body 1-12, the feed port A1-1 is connected with a liquid purifying device 10, and the feed port A1-1 is positioned above the knife rest 1-5;
a material lifting cavity 1-14 is also arranged in the crushing box body 1-12, a screw rod A1-9 is arranged in the crushing box body 1-12 along the vertical direction, the screw rod A1-9 is parallel to the crusher shaft 1-3, the upper end of the screw rod A1-9 penetrates through a cover plate 1-13 and extends out of the material lifting cavity 1-14, and a speed reducer A1-8 and a motor B1-7 are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the screw rod A1-9; an opening is formed in the lower side of the material lifting cavity 1-14, a grid 1-6 is arranged at the opening, and the grid 1-6 is located between the material lifting cavity 1-14 and the tool rest 1-4; the upper side of the material lifting cavity 1-14 is provided with a discharge port A1-10, the discharge port A1-10 is connected with the material storage box 2, and the discharge port A1-10 and the feed port A1-1 are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the crushing box body 1-12.
The operation of the motor A1-2 drives the operation of the blades 1-5 to realize the function of garbage crushing. The motor B1-7 is connected with the speed reducer A1-8, is adjusted to a proper rotating speed, and is then connected with the screw rod A1-9 to provide power for lifting garbage. The slag inlet 1-11 is connected with the slag discharge port 10-10 of the liquid purification device 10, and slag generated by the liquid purification device 10 is discharged into the crushing and lifting device 1 through the slag discharge port 10-10, and is crushed, lifted and pyrolyzed together with garbage. The discharge port A1-10 is connected with the feed port B2-1 of the storage box 2, garbage enters from the feed port A1-1, the crushed garbage enters into the material lifting cavity 1-14 through the grating 1-6, and then is lifted by the screw rod A1-9 and is sent into the storage box 2 from the discharge port A1-10.
As shown in fig. 4, the material storage box 2 comprises a box body 2-7, a feeding hole B2-1 is formed in one side of the box body 2-7, the feeding hole B2-1 is connected with the crushing elevator 1, a radiator 2-4 is arranged in the box body 2-7, an air inlet A2-3 and an air outlet A2-5 are respectively formed in two sides of the upper end of the radiator 2-4, the air inlet A2-3 is connected with a heat exchanger A4, and the air outlet A2-5 is connected with an air inlet of a fan 5; a condensed water outlet 2-6 is formed in the bottom of the radiator 2-4, and the condensed water outlet 2-6 extends to the outer side of the box body 2-7; the bottom of the box body 2-7 is provided with a discharge hole B2-2, and the discharge hole B2-2 is connected with the spiral pyrolysis device 3. The heat exchanger A4 is sequentially connected with a radiator 2-4, a fan 5 and a water washing device A6.
The air inlet A2-3 is connected with a high-temperature air outlet of the heat exchanger A4, the air outlet A2-5 is connected with an air inlet of the fan 5, and the condensed water outlet 2-6 discharges the condensed water generated in the radiator 2-4. The discharge hole B2-2 is connected with a feed hole C3-1 of the spiral pyrolysis device 3. The crushed and lifted garbage enters a feeding hole B2-1 from a discharging hole A1-10, is stored in a box body 2-7, is pre-dried by a radiator 2-4, and enters a spiral pyrolysis device 3 through a discharging hole B2-2 by depending on the self weight.
The radiator 2-4 is of a thin-wall hollow cuboid structure and is used for transferring heat of smoke to garbage in the storage box 2 for preheating, and the top of the radiator is provided with an air inlet A2-3 and an air outlet A2-5.
As shown in figures 6 and 7, the spiral pyrolysis device 3 comprises a pyrolysis box body 3-12 which is horizontally arranged, a spiral rod B3-2 is coaxially arranged in the pyrolysis box body 3-12, one end of the spiral rod B3-2 extends out of the pyrolysis box body 3-12 and is sequentially connected with a speed reducer B3-9 and a motor C3-8, a feed inlet C3-1 is formed in the top of the pyrolysis box body 3-12, an exhaust outlet B3-5 is formed in the upper side of one end of the pyrolysis box body 3-12, a circulating flue gas outlet 3-6 is formed in the lower side of one end of the pyrolysis box body 3-12, an air inlet B3-4 is formed in the upper side of the other end of the pyrolysis box body 3-12, an ash discharge port 3-3 and a circulating flue gas inlet 3-7 are respectively formed in the lower side of the other end of the pyrolysis box body 3-12, a temperature sensor 3-10 is further arranged on the outer wall of the pyrolysis box body 3-12, and a heater 3-11 is arranged at one end, close to the ash discharge port 3-3. The number of the temperature sensors 3-10 is 4-8, and the temperature sensors are arranged according to a certain rule.
The motor C3-8 drives the screw rod B3-2 to push the garbage at the feed inlet C3-1 forwards, and the motor C3-8 can be started and stopped intelligently according to data fed back by the temperature sensor 3-10, so that the pushing speed of the screw rod B3-2 is controlled, and the garbage is fully pyrolyzed. And ash slag generated by pyrolysis is discharged from an ash discharge port 3-3. Air enters from the air inlet B3-4 and is exhausted from the air outlet B3-5 in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the garbage. One end of the spiral pyrolysis device 3 close to the ash discharge port 3-3 is provided with a heater 3-11, and when the temperature is lower than a set value, the spiral pyrolysis device can be automatically started to heat and ignite the garbage.
The circulating fan 11 is one of a centrifugal fan or an axial flow fan, an air inlet of the circulating fan 11 is connected with the circulating flue gas outlet 3-6, and an air outlet of the circulating fan 11 is connected with the circulating flue gas inlet 3-7. The circulating fan 11 mainly functions to convey part of the flue gas machine to a high-temperature area for secondary pyrolysis, so that combustible substances and organic matters in the flue gas are reduced.
The heat exchanger A4 is a tubular heat exchanger, and can also be a plate heat exchanger, a fin heat exchanger or a spiral plate heat exchanger. The low-temperature air inlet of the heat exchanger A4 is communicated with the outside air, the low-temperature air outlet of the heat exchanger A4 is connected with the air inlet B3-4 of the spiral pyrolysis device 3, the high-temperature air inlet of the heat exchanger A4 is connected with the air outlet B3-5 of the spiral pyrolysis device 3, and the high-temperature air outlet of the heat exchanger A4 is connected with the air inlet A2-3 of the material storage box 2. The heat exchanger A4 is used for transferring the energy of high-temperature flue gas discharged by spiral pyrolysis to fresh air for heat recovery.
The fan 5 is a vortex fan, a turbofan fan, a Roots fan or a centrifugal fan, and provides power for the gas flow of the system. Preferably, the fan 5 is placed between the radiator 2-3 of the storage tank 2 and the water washing device A6, the air inlet of the fan 5 is connected with the air outlet A2-5 of the storage tank 2, and the air outlet of the fan 5 is connected with the air inlet C6-1 of the water washing device A6. The fan 5 may be disposed at the extreme end of the system, and the air inlet of the fan 5 is connected to the air outlet D9-2 of the water washing apparatus B9.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the washing device A6 is provided with an outer cylinder A6-12 and an inner cylinder A6-11 coaxially arranged along the vertical direction, the top of the outer cylinder A6-11 is provided with an air inlet C6-1 and an air outlet C6-2 respectively, the bottom of the outer cylinder A6-11 is provided with a water outlet A6-3, the side wall near the bottom of the outer cylinder A6-11 is provided with a water return port B6-7, and the middle part of the outer cylinder A6-11 is provided with a liquid supplementing port A6-5 and an overflow port A6-6 respectively;
the upper end of the inner cylinder A6-11 is provided with a vacuum chamber A6-8, one side of the vacuum chamber A6-8 is provided with an air inlet C6-1, a nozzle A6-10 is coaxially arranged in the vacuum chamber A6-8, the upper end of the nozzle A6-10 is provided with a water return port A6-4, the lower end of the vacuum chamber A6-8 is provided with a throat A6-9, the cylinder wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder A6-11 is provided with a ring of holes A6-13, and the lower end of the inner cylinder A6-11 is internally filled with a medium capable of changing the direction of fluid;
the water return port A6-4 is connected with a water pump A12, the water return port B6-7 is connected with a liquid purification device 10, and the exhaust port C6-2 is connected with a heat exchanger B7.
The water outlet A6-3 is connected with the water inlet of the water pump A12, the water outlet of the water pump A12 is divided into two paths by a tee joint, and one path is connected with the water return port A6-4 to form internal circulation; the other path is connected with a water inlet 10-4 of a liquid purification device 10, a water outlet 10-5 of the liquid purification device 10 is connected with a water return port B6-7 of a water washing device A6, and part of water washing liquid is treated by the liquid purification device 10. The vacuum chamber A6-8, the nozzle A6-9 and the throat pipe A6-10 form an ejector structure, so that gas and liquid can be mixed, and auxiliary power is provided for air flow; meanwhile, the inner side of the bottom of the inner cylinder A6-11 arranged in the water washing device A6 is filled with media capable of changing the direction of the fluid, such as biochemical balls, ceramic rings and the like, so that the gas-liquid mixing effect is further improved. The entered flue gas is subjected to gas-liquid mixing in the inner cylinder A6-11, primary purification is carried out to remove large particles, acid gas, heavy metals and the like, then the flue gas is discharged to the outer cylinder from the bottom opening of the inner cylinder A6-11, and finally the flue gas is discharged to the heat exchanger B7 through the exhaust port C6-2.
As shown in FIG. 9, the catalytic oxidation device 8 includes a housing 8-1, two ends of the housing 8-1 are respectively provided with an air inlet D8-3 and an air outlet D8-4, partitions 8-2 are arranged in the housing 8-1 at intervals, and a catalyst is filled between two adjacent partitions 8-2.
The catalyst is spherical particle or irregular particle with the particle size of 1-40 mm or porous A honeycomb particle with the diameter of 2-30 mm. The porous honeycomb catalyst pore canal is communicated front and back.
The catalytic oxidation device 8 mainly functions to convert organic matters in the flue gas, including dioxin, into carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and water vapor. Preferably, the catalytic oxidation unit 8 is attached to the outside of the spiral pyrolysis unit to extract heat and ensure reaction temperature. The catalytic oxidation unit 8 may also employ electrical heating to maintain the reaction temperature.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the water washing apparatus B9 has the same structure as the water washing apparatus A6. The washing device B9 is provided with an outer cylinder B9-12 and an inner cylinder B9-11 which are coaxially arranged along the vertical direction, the top of the outer cylinder B9-11 is respectively provided with an air inlet D9-1 and an air outlet D9-2, the bottom of the outer cylinder B9-11 is provided with a water outlet B9-3, the side wall close to the bottom of the outer cylinder B9-11 is provided with a water return port D9-7, and the middle part of the outer cylinder B9-11 is respectively provided with a liquid supplementing port B9-5 and an overflow port B9-6;
the upper end of the inner cylinder B9-11 is provided with a vacuum chamber B9-8, one side of the vacuum chamber B9-8 is provided with an air inlet D9-1, a nozzle B9-10 is coaxially arranged in the vacuum chamber B9-8, the upper end of the nozzle B9-10 is provided with a recovery port C9-4, the lower end of the vacuum chamber B9-8 is provided with a throat pipe B9-9, the cylinder wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder B9-11 is provided with a ring of holes B9-13, and the lower end of the inner cylinder B9-11 is internally filled with a medium capable of changing the direction of fluid;
the water outlet B9-3 is connected with the water inlet of the water pump B13, and the water return port C9-4 is connected with the water outlet of the water pump B13 to form internal circulation. After entering the water washing device 9 from the gas inlet D9-1, the flue gas after catalytic oxidation is mixed with gas and liquid to wash away a small amount of residual acid gas in the flue gas, and the standard-reaching gas is discharged into the atmosphere from the gas outlet D9-2.
The heat exchanger B7 is a tubular heat exchanger, and can also be a plate heat exchanger, a fin heat exchanger or a spiral plate heat exchanger. The low-temperature air inlet of the heat exchanger B7 is connected with the air outlet C6-2 of the water washing device A6, the low-temperature air outlet of the heat exchanger B7 is connected with the air inlet D8-3 of the catalytic oxidation device 8, the high-temperature air inlet of the heat exchanger B7 is connected with the air outlet D8-4 of the catalytic oxidation device 8, and the high-temperature air outlet of the heat exchanger B7 is connected with the air inlet D9-1 of the water washing device B9. The heat exchanger B7 is used for transferring the energy of the high-temperature flue gas discharged by catalytic oxidation to the flue gas before catalytic oxidation reaction, and recovering heat.
The liquid supplementing port B9-5 of the water washing device B9 is connected with external tap water, and the overflow port B9-6 is connected with the liquid supplementing port A6-5 of the water washing device A6. When the liquid level of the water washing device B9 is lower than the lower limit, the water is supplemented by external tap water; when the liquid level of the water washing device B9 is higher than the upper limit, the liquid overflows to the water washing device A6; when the liquid level of the water washing device A6 is lower than the lower limit, the external tap water firstly supplements the liquid level of the water washing device B9 to the upper limit and then overflows to the water washing device A6.
As shown in fig. 12, the liquid purification device 10 includes a chemical tank 10-2, a slag bin 10-3 is disposed in the chemical tank 10-2, a purification tank 10-1 is disposed below the chemical tank 10-2, the purification tank 10-1 is communicated with the interior of the chemical tank 10-2, a slag lifting cylinder 10-12 is coaxially disposed in the purification tank 10-1, a screw rod C10-8 is coaxially disposed in the slag lifting cylinder 10-12, the upper end of the slag lifting cylinder 10-12 extends out of the upper end of the purification tank 10-1 and enters the slag bin 10-3, the upper end of the screw rod C10-8 enters the slag bin 10-3 along with the slag lifting cylinder 10-12, a discharge port C10-9 is disposed on the sidewall of the upper end of the slag lifting cylinder 10-12, the discharge port C10-9 is disposed in the slag bin 10-3, the lower end of the screw rod C10-8 extends out of the bottom of the purification tank 10-1, a speed reducer C10-7 and a motor D10-6 are sequentially connected to the lower end of the screw rod C10-8, a water outlet 4-5 is disposed on the sidewall of the purification tank 10-1, and a water inlet 10-5 is disposed on the sidewall of the purification tank 10-1;
the upper end part of the chemical box 10-2 is provided with a chemical feeding port 10-11, and the bottom of the slag box 10-3 is provided with a slag discharging port 10-10.
The agent box 10-2 is filled with particles made of active carbon, flocculating agent and alkali, and the particles are added into the purifying tank 10-1 from the agent adding port 10-11. The liquid sent from the water washing apparatus A6 is neutralized, precipitated, adsorbed and purified, and then discharged to the water washing apparatus A6. The medicament at the bottom of the purification tank 10-1 and the sediment in the water are used as slag materials, lifted to a slag box 10-3 by a screw rod, and then discharged into the crushing and lifting device 1 through a slag discharge port 10-10 to be mixed with other garbage, so that the heat value of the garbage can be improved.
The working principle of the small energy-saving green solid waste treatment system provided by the invention is that a crushing and lifting device 1 is used for crushing feed materials, the feed materials are lifted to a storage box 2 for storage and pre-drying, then spiral pyrolysis is completed in a spiral pyrolysis device 3, the self-monitoring and self-adjusting functions of the pyrolysis temperature of the self-carrying device can adapt to the conditions of total material amount and unstable heat value, the generated ash is directly discharged, part of generated flue gas is conveyed to a high-temperature area through a circulating fan 11 for secondary pyrolysis, combustible substances and organic substances in the flue gas are reduced, the rest of flue gas is conveyed to a water washing device A6 through a fan 5 to remove most of particulate matters and heavy metals, harmful gases such as micromolecule VOC (volatile organic compounds) are thoroughly removed through a catalytic oxidation reaction device 8, the flue gas enters a static water washing device B9 to wash away a small amount of residual acidic gases, and the harmlessness of tail gas is ensured. Aiming at the liquid pollution in the system, liquid purification means such as adsorption, sedimentation, filtration and the like are added, and the sediment and the garbage materials are subjected to spiral pyrolysis together.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a small-size energy-conserving green useless processing system admittedly which characterized in that: the device comprises a crushing elevator (1), a material storage box (2) and a spiral pyrolysis device (3) which are sequentially connected, wherein a radiator (2-4) is arranged in the material storage box (2), the spiral pyrolysis device (3) is respectively connected with a circulating fan (11) and a heat exchanger A (4), the heat exchanger A (4) is sequentially connected with the radiator (2-4), a fan (5) and a washing device A (6), the washing device A (6) is respectively connected with a liquid purification device (10) and a heat exchanger B (7), the heat exchanger B (7) is respectively connected with a washing device B (9) and a catalytic oxidation device (8), and the washing device B (9) is connected with a water pump B (13); a water pump A (12) is arranged between the water washing device A (6) and the liquid purification device (10), the liquid purification device (10) is also connected with the crushing elevator (1), and the material storage box (2) is also respectively connected with the fan (5) and the heat exchanger A (4);
the smashing elevator (1) comprises a smashing box body (1-12), a cover plate (1-13) is arranged at the upper end of the smashing box body (1-12), a slag charge inlet (1-11) is formed in the cover plate (1-13), a smashing machine shaft (1-3) is arranged in the smashing box body (1-12) along the vertical direction, the upper end of the smashing machine shaft (1-3) penetrates through the cover plate (1-13) and extends out of the smashing box body (1-12), a motor A (1-2) is connected to the upper end of the smashing machine shaft (1-3), a knife rest (1-4) is arranged at the lower end of the smashing machine shaft (1-3), a knife blade (1-5) is arranged on the knife rest (1-4), a feeding port A (1-1) is arranged on one side of the smashing box body (1-12), the feeding port A (1-1) is connected with a liquid purification device (10), and the feeding port A (1-1) is located above the knife blade (1-5);
a material lifting cavity (1-14) is further arranged in the crushing box body (1-12), a screw rod A (1-9) is arranged in the crushing box body (1-12) along the vertical direction, the screw rod A (1-9) is parallel to the shaft (1-3) of the crusher, the upper end of the screw rod A (1-9) penetrates through a cover plate (1-13) and extends out of the material lifting cavity (1-14), and a speed reducer A (1-8) and a motor B (1-7) are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the screw rod A (1-9); an opening is formed in the lower side of the material lifting cavity (1-14), a grating (1-6) is arranged at the opening, and the grating (1-6) is located between the material lifting cavity (1-14) and the tool rest (1-4); the upper side of the material lifting cavity (1-14) is provided with a discharge port A (1-10), the discharge port A (1-10) is connected with the material storage box (2), and the discharge port A (1-10) and the feed port A (1-1) are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the crushing box body (1-12);
the material storage box (2) comprises a box body (2-7), a feed inlet B (2-1) is formed in one side of the box body (2-7), the feed inlet B (2-1) is connected with the crushing elevator (1), a radiator (2-4) is arranged in the box body (2-7), an air inlet A (2-3) and an air outlet A (2-5) are respectively formed in two sides of the upper end of the radiator (2-4), the air inlet A (2-3) is connected with the heat exchanger A (4), and the air outlet A (2-5) is connected with an air inlet of the fan (5); the bottom of the radiator (2-4) is provided with a condensed water outlet (2-6), and the condensed water outlet (2-6) extends to the outer side of the box body (2-7); a discharge port B (2-2) is arranged at the bottom of the box body (2-7), and the discharge port B (2-2) is connected with the spiral pyrolysis device (3);
the spiral pyrolysis device (3) comprises a pyrolysis box body (3-12) which is horizontally arranged, a spiral rod B (3-2) is coaxially arranged in the pyrolysis box body (3-12), one end of the spiral rod B (3-2) extends out of the pyrolysis box body (3-12) and is sequentially connected with a speed reducer B (3-9) and a motor C (3-8), a feed inlet C (3-1) is formed in the top of the pyrolysis box body (3-12), an exhaust port B (3-5) is formed in the upper side of one end of the pyrolysis box body (3-12), a circulating flue gas outlet (3-6) is formed in the lower side of one end of the pyrolysis box body (3-12), an air inlet B (3-4) is formed in the upper side of the other end of the pyrolysis box body (3-12), an ash discharge port (3-3) and a circulating flue gas inlet (3-7) are respectively formed in the lower side of the other end of the pyrolysis box body (3-12), a temperature sensor (3-10) is further arranged on the outer wall of the pyrolysis box body (3-12), and a heater (3-11) is arranged at one end, close to the ash discharge port (3-12);
the washing device A (6) is provided with an outer cylinder A (6-12) and an inner cylinder A (6-11) which are coaxially arranged along the vertical direction, the top of the outer cylinder A (6-11) is provided with an exhaust port C (6-2), the bottom of the outer cylinder A (6-11) is provided with a water outlet A (6-3), the side wall close to the bottom of the outer cylinder A (6-11) is provided with a water return port B (6-7), and the middle part of the outer cylinder A (6-11) is respectively provided with a liquid supplementing port A (6-5) and an overflow port A (6-6);
the upper end of the inner cylinder A (6-11) is provided with a vacuum chamber A (6-8), one side of the vacuum chamber A (6-8) is provided with an air inlet C (6-1), a nozzle A (6-10) is coaxially arranged in the vacuum chamber A (6-8), the upper end of the nozzle A (6-10) is provided with a water return port A (6-4), the lower end of the vacuum chamber A (6-8) is provided with a throat pipe A (6-9), the cylinder wall of the lower end of the inner cylinder A (6-11) is provided with a circle of holes A (6-13), and the lower end of the inner cylinder A (6-11) is internally filled with a medium capable of changing the fluid direction;
the water return port A (6-4) is connected with the water pump A (12), the water return port B (6-7) is connected with the liquid purification device (10), and the exhaust port C (6-2) is connected with the heat exchanger B (7);
the catalytic oxidation device (8) comprises a shell (8-1), an air inlet D (8-3) and an air outlet D (8-4) are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell (8-1), partition plates (8-2) are arranged in the shell (8-1) at intervals, and a catalyst is filled between every two adjacent partition plates (8-2);
an air inlet of the circulating fan (11) is connected with the circulating flue gas outlet (3-6), and an air outlet of the circulating fan (11) is connected with the circulating flue gas inlet (3-7);
the low-temperature air inlet of the heat exchanger B (7) is connected with the air outlet C (6-2) of the water washing device A (6), the low-temperature air outlet of the heat exchanger B (7) is connected with the air inlet D (8-3) of the catalytic oxidation device (8), the high-temperature air inlet of the heat exchanger B (7) is connected with the air outlet D (8-4) of the catalytic oxidation device (8), and the high-temperature air outlet of the heat exchanger B (7) is connected with the air inlet D (9-1) of the water washing device B (9).
2. The small-sized energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circulating fan (11) is one of a centrifugal fan or an axial flow fan.
3. The small-sized energy-saving green solid waste treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the water washing device B (9) and the water washing device A (6) have the same structure.
CN202011484331.9A 2020-12-16 2020-12-16 Small-size energy-conserving green solid useless processing system Active CN112594696B (en)

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US7611576B2 (en) * 2006-03-30 2009-11-03 Yuriy Rabiner Method and plant for processing waste
KR20070105406A (en) * 2006-04-26 2007-10-31 (주)그린오케이탱크 A carbonization processor with continuity low temperature thermal cracking
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