CN112592726B

CN112592726B - System and method for co-processing sludge and waste tires

Info

Publication number: CN112592726B
Application number: CN202011564814.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 喻万钧
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2022-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-25
Also published as: CN112592726A

Abstract

The invention relates to a cooperative treatment system and a method for sludge and waste tires, which comprises a crushing mechanism, a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace, a condensing unit, a first oil tank, a second oil tank, an oil station and a first burner, wherein the crushing mechanism, the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace, the condensing unit, the first oil tank, the second oil tank, the oil station and the first burner are sequentially communicated; the drying furnace, the steam-water separator and the waste heat boiler are sequentially communicated, and a fuel inlet of the second combustion machine is communicated with a second oil tank; the top of the first oil tank is communicated with the waste heat boiler, and the bottom of the first oil tank is communicated with the waste heat boiler. The invention pyrolyzes the waste tire to prepare fuel oil, combustible gas and carbon black as an byproduct, and the water-containing sludge is dried in the drying furnace, so the process flow is short, the operation is simple, the operation is safe and no secondary pollution is caused.

Description

System and method for co-processing sludge and waste tires

Technical Field

The invention relates to a system and a method for the cooperative treatment of sludge and waste tires, and belongs to the field of energy-saving and environment-friendly resource recycling.

Background

At present, the treatment methods of sludge in sewage plants are divided into the following three types: (1) the sludge is treated by gravity concentration → mechanical dehydration → drying (still containing 10wt percent of water) → outward transportation and landfill disposal; (2) gravity concentration → digestion → dehydration → drying → incineration → residue is transported and buried; (3) gravity concentration → mechanical dehydration → lime addition → external transportation and landfill. The sludge after the three treatments still contains about 10wt% of water, and most of the sludge is finally treated by landfill.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a system and a method for the cooperative treatment of sludge and waste tires, so as to realize the cooperative treatment of the sludge and the waste tires and reduce the energy consumption.

The invention can solve the problem of drying the sludge of the town sewage plant with the water content of 50-60wt%, and reduces the water content of the sludge to be less than or equal to 0.2-1wt% to form the sludge dry powder which can be directly utilized by agriculture; meanwhile, the waste tires are pyrolyzed by the medium-temperature and medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace to prepare new energy.

In order to solve the problem of recycling waste tire resources, the waste tire is pretreated and then is sent into a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace to prepare fuel oil, the fuel oil is used as the fuel of a second combustion machine to heat a drying furnace, so that the temperature in the drying furnace is raised to be more than 600 ℃, and high-temperature heat is used for indirectly heating sludge with the water content of 50-60wt% to obtain sludge powder with the water content of less than or equal to 1 wt%. The treatment process is simple and easy to control. 55wt% of mixed fuel oil, 7.5wt% of liquefied gas and 32wt% of carbon black can be obtained by pyrolyzing 1 ton of waste tires, and the balance is waste steel wire slag and ash. Steam of organic odor gas generated in the high-temperature drying process of the sludge with the water content of 50-60wt% enters a steam-water separation device, the organic odor gas is separated and enters a waste heat boiler for incineration, and the redundant water is discharged into a purification tank to be neutralized and purified according to the acidity and the alkalinity.

In order to achieve the purpose, the novel process comprises the following steps:

1) pretreating a waste tire: cutting into blocks, cleaning, drying, adding a catalyst, uniformly mixing, metering and bagging for later use;

2) starting a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace to heat, and adding the pretreated waste tire for pyrolysis;

3) gaseous products produced by the pyrolysis furnace enter a condensing unit for condensation, and mixed fuel oil is produced and enters an oil tank;

4) combustible gas which can not be converted into oil in the oil tank can be pumped into the gas storage tank and then sent into the waste heat boiler;

5) recovering the carbon black of the remainder of the pyrolysis furnace;

6) the prepared mixed fuel oil is used for supplying heat to the drying furnace, and tail gas discharged by the second combustion machine enters a waste heat boiler;

7) the heat source of the waste heat boiler mainly comprises mixed fuel oil, combustible gas and heat value tail gas discharged by a burner, and all related heat sources are introduced into the waste heat boiler to serve as heat sources;

8) high-temperature water vapor discharged from the drying furnace enters a steam-water separator for separation, and discharged organic odor (containing higher heat value) enters a waste heat boiler for incineration and also provides a heat source of the waste heat boiler;

9) the heat source of the waste heat boiler is guaranteed, and the quantitative, constant-pressure and stable steam supply is realized;

10) and the residual carbon black produced by pyrolyzing the waste tire in the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace can be processed into commercial carbon black.

The cooperative treatment system for the sludge and the waste tires comprises a crushing mechanism, a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace, a condensing unit, a first oil tank, a second oil tank, an oil station and a first burner, wherein the crushing mechanism, the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace, the condensing unit, the first oil tank, the second oil tank, the oil station and the first burner are sequentially communicated; the drying furnace, the steam-water separator and the waste heat boiler are sequentially communicated, and a fuel inlet of the second combustion machine is communicated with a second oil tank; the top of the first oil tank is communicated with the waste heat boiler, and the bottom of the first oil tank is communicated with the waste heat boiler.

Furthermore, a cleaning and drying mechanism is arranged between the crushing mechanism and the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace.

Further, a mixing mechanism is arranged between the cleaning and drying mechanism and the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace.

Further, the condensing unit is a shell and tube condensing unit.

Further, a third oil tank is communicated between the condensation unit and the first oil tank, and the top of the first oil tank is communicated with the bottom of the third oil tank.

Further, the device also comprises a magnetic separation mechanism, a vertical mill and a fine grinding mechanism which are sequentially communicated, wherein a feed inlet of the magnetic separation mechanism is communicated with a discharge outlet of the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace.

Further, the device also comprises a purification tank communicated with the bottom of the steam-water separator.

The cooperative treatment method for sludge and waste tires is carried out by utilizing the cooperative treatment system, and comprises the following steps:

feeding the waste tire into a crushing mechanism for crushing, feeding the crushed waste tire into a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to obtain crude carbon black and a gaseous product;

inputting the gaseous product into a condensing unit, and collecting mixed fuel oil and non-condensable gas through a first oil tank;

carrying out magnetic separation, vertical grinding and fine grinding on the crude carbon black in sequence to obtain commercial carbon black;

supplying the mixed fuel oil to the first burner, the second burner and the waste heat boiler according to requirements, and supplying the non-condensable gas to the waste heat boiler;

inputting the sludge with the water content of 50-60wt% in the town sewage plant into a drying furnace, raising the temperature in the drying furnace to over 600 ℃ by using a second combustion machine, and drying to obtain mixed gas and sludge powder with the water content of less than or equal to 1 wt%;

introducing the mixed gas into a steam-water separator, and separating to obtain organic odor and water;

the organic odor is input into a waste heat boiler to be burnt for heat supply.

Optionally, the method for the cooperative treatment of sludge and waste tires comprises the following steps:

(1) and (4) pretreating the waste tire for standby. Preheating in a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace, metering, loading into a waste tire, and pyrolyzing;

(2) gaseous products of the pyrolysis furnace are input into the condensing unit, and produced mixed fuel oil enters the oil tank;

(3) heating the drying furnace through a second burner;

(4) charging sludge with water content of 50-60wt% into a drying furnace; controlling the temperature in the drying furnace to be more than 600 ℃, drying, discharging high-temperature steam from the drying furnace, feeding the steam-water separator, and separating organic odor to feed into a waste heat boiler for incineration;

(5) the tail gas of the combustor and the non-condensable gas in the oil tank enter a waste heat boiler to be used as heat sources;

optionally, the carbon black discharged from the pyrolysis furnace is subjected to magnetic separation to obtain steel wire slag, and the steel wire slag is levigated to recover commercial carbon black.

Optionally, the steam generated by the waste heat boiler is externally supplied or generates electricity (with low power).

The invention can solve the problem that the sludge with the water content of 50-60wt% is dried until the water content is less than or equal to 1%; the invention pyrolyzes the waste tire to prepare fuel oil, combustible gas and carbon black as an additional product, water-containing sludge is dried in a drying furnace, the temperature of the drying furnace is controlled to be over 600 ℃, agricultural fertilizer as an additional product and organic odor are burned, and the utilization of waste heat is realized. The process flow is short, the operation is simple, the operation is safe, no secondary pollution exists, the sludge can be subjected to synergistic drying treatment by utilizing pyrolysis oil energy supply while the waste tires are pyrolyzed, and external energy sources are not required to be consumed; meanwhile, the waste heat boiler carries out resource utilization treatment on the non-condensable gas, tail gas and the like, so that the energy utilization rate is improved, and the problem of waste gas treatment is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a co-processing system for sludge and scrap tires according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

Referring to fig. 1, the cooperative processing system for sludge and waste tires comprises a crushing mechanism 1, a medium temperature pyrolysis furnace 4, a condensing unit 5, a first oil tank 7, a second oil tank 9, an oil station 10 and a first burner 11 for indirectly heating materials in the medium temperature pyrolysis furnace, which are sequentially communicated; the drying furnace 13, the steam-water separator 14 and the waste heat boiler 8 are sequentially communicated, and a fuel inlet of the second combustion machine 12 is communicated with the second oil tank 9; the top of the first oil tank 7 is communicated with a waste heat boiler 8; the bottom of the first oil tank 7 is communicated with the third oil tank 9 through a first valve 20; the bottom of the first oil tank 7 is communicated with the waste heat boiler 8, and a second valve 21 is arranged between the first oil tank and the waste heat boiler. Optionally, equipment such as an oil pump is established in the oil station 10 to pump the mixed fuel (pyrolysis oil) into first combustor, also can conveniently buffer the oil pump to the oil station, conveniently provide stable fuel for the combustor. A biochemical combustion accelerator can be added into the second oil tank 9 to improve the combustion efficiency of the mixed fuel oil. Furthermore, the crushing mechanism is a centrifugal crusher, and is used for well crushing the waste tires, so that subsequent pyrolysis is facilitated. The second burner 12 has three sets of heating units distributed in sequence from top to bottom.

Be equipped with between crushing mechanism 1 and the medium temperature pyrolysis oven 4 and wash drying mechanism 2, wash debris such as silt on the junked tire, promote the pyrolysis effect to further promote the quality of final gained carbon black. Be equipped with mixing mechanism 3 between washing stoving mechanism 2 and the medium temperature pyrolysis oven 4, the catalyst will be sneaked into to the scrap tire crushed aggregates of waiting to pyrolyze to the convenience as required. The cleaning and drying mechanism 2 can be selected from the cleaning and drying equipment described in CN 201811341298.7. Optionally, the breaking mechanism may select the tire breaking device described in CN108527720A, CN 108481624B. The combustor can be selected from the combustion system described in CN 203442799U.

The condensing unit 5 is a shell and tube condensing unit. A third oil tank 6 is communicated between the condensing unit 5 and the first oil tank 7, and the top of the first oil tank 7 is communicated with the bottom of the third oil tank 6.

The device is characterized by further comprising a magnetic separation mechanism 16, a vertical mill 17 and a fine grinding mechanism 18 which are sequentially communicated, wherein a feed inlet of the magnetic separation mechanism 16 is communicated with a discharge outlet of the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4. Separating impurities such as scrap iron and the like in the pyrolysis solid product by using a magnetic separation mechanism to obtain steel wire slag; and (4) sequentially carrying out vertical grinding and fine grinding on the crude carbon black after the impurities are separated to obtain the commercial carbon black. Optionally, the grinding device further comprises a dust collecting mechanism 19 matched with the vertical grinding machine 17 and the fine grinding mechanism 18.

And a purification tank 15 communicated with the bottom of the steam-water separator 14.

Drying sludge of urban domestic sewage plants, wherein the water content is more than 60 percent, the drying process has a special sticky phase stage (the water content is more than 60 percent),

in a very narrow transition section, the sludge is very easy to agglomerate, the surface is hard and difficult to crush, and the sludge is still in the transition section. The drying furnace is provided with three layers of movable furnace bridges, the temperature of a heater in the three layers of furnace bridges is adjusted to be the highest, the left and right prying time of the movable furnace bridges is properly controlled, dried sludge falls on the furnace bridge of the next layer to be heated and then falls on the furnace bridge of the lowest layer to be heated and dried, and the movable furnace bridges are pried to effectively prevent the sludge from caking.

Tail gas treatment and organic odor incineration: the management of sludge drying treatment is very strict, and the sludge drying treatment needs to be safe to the environment and cannot generate secondary pollution. The drying furnace dries sludge with water content of more than 60 percent, the indirect heating is adopted to reduce the exhaust emission, simultaneously high-temperature water vapor (containing organic odor) discharged from the drying furnace enters a vapor-water separator, and the separated organic odor (containing CH)₄) After the waste heat is incinerated in a waste heat boiler, the waste heat is pumped, discharged, dedusted and discharged. The separated water (alkaline or acidic) is purified according to the pH value. The system of the invention is safe to operate and does not cause secondary pollution to the environment.

The operation safety of the drying furnace is as follows: the main factors influencing the operation safety of the equipment comprise that the oxygen content in the equipment is less than 12 percent, and the dust concentration is less than 60g/m³The particle temperature is less than 110 ℃. In the drying furnace, after the sludge with high water content enters the furnace, the blanking gate valve is closed, and the drying process is operated under the conditions of less oxygen and no oxygen. The tail gas pumping and exhausting system can ensure the micro negative pressure state of the system operation.

In the drying furnace, sludge falls to the lowest layer of the furnace body after three-stage drying, can be collected by a cone hopper type sludge collecting hopper and is discharged by a double-screw conveyor. The dust concentration can not exceed the standard, the temperature is well controlled, the three sets of heating units can ensure that the moisture content of the dried sludge is less than or equal to 1-0.5 percent, and the temperature of sludge particles is between 40-60 ℃.

The cooperative treatment method for the sludge and the waste tires is carried out by using the above cooperative treatment system, and comprises the following steps:

feeding the waste tires into a crushing mechanism 1 for crushing, feeding the crushed waste tires into a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace 4 for pyrolysis to obtain crude carbon black and gaseous products;

the gaseous product is input into a condensing unit 5, and the mixed fuel oil and the non-condensable gas are collected through a first oil tank 7;

inputting the sludge with the water content of 50-60wt% in the town sewage plant into a drying furnace 13, raising the temperature in the drying furnace 13 to over 600 ℃ by using a second combustion machine 12, and drying to obtain mixed gas and sludge powder with the water content of less than or equal to 1 wt%;

the mixed gas is input into a steam-water separator 14 and separated to obtain organic odor and water;

the organic odor is input into a waste heat boiler 8 and is burnt for heat supply.

The foregoing description of the embodiments should be understood to more clearly illustrate the invention and, after reading the present disclosure, various equivalent modifications of the invention which fall within the limits of the claims set forth herein.

Claims

1. The cooperative treatment system for the sludge and the waste tires is characterized by comprising a crushing mechanism (1), a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4), a condensing unit (5), a first oil tank (7), a second oil tank (9), an oil station (10) and a first burner (11) which are communicated in sequence and used for indirectly heating materials in the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace; the drying furnace is characterized by further comprising a drying furnace (13), a steam-water separator (14), a waste heat boiler (8) and a second combustion machine (12) used for heating sludge in the drying furnace (13), wherein the drying furnace (13), the steam-water separator (14) and the waste heat boiler (8) are sequentially communicated, a fuel inlet of the second combustion machine (12) is communicated with a second oil tank (9), the second combustion machine (12) is provided with three sets of heating units which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, and three layers of movable furnace bridges are arranged in the drying furnace (13); the top of the first oil tank (7) is communicated with the waste heat boiler (8), the bottom of the first oil tank (7) is communicated with the second oil tank (9) through a first valve (20), and a second valve (21) is arranged between the bottom of the first oil tank (7) and the waste heat boiler (8).

2. The co-processing system according to claim 1, wherein a cleaning and drying mechanism (2) is provided between the crushing mechanism (1) and the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4).

3. The cooperative processing system according to claim 2, wherein a mixing mechanism (3) is provided between the washing and drying mechanism (2) and the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4).

4. The co-processing system according to claim 1, wherein the condensing unit (5) is a shell and tube condensing unit.

5. -synergistic treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that a third oil tank (6) is connected between the condensation unit (5) and the first oil tank (7), the top of said first oil tank (7) being connected to the bottom of the third oil tank (6).

6. The co-processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a magnetic separation mechanism (16), a vertical mill (17) and a fine grinding mechanism (18) which are sequentially communicated, wherein a feed inlet of the magnetic separation mechanism (16) is communicated with a discharge outlet of the medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4).

7. The co-processing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a purification tank (15) communicating with the bottom of the steam-water separator (14).

8. A method for the co-treatment of sludge and scrap tires, characterized in that it is carried out with a co-treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

feeding the waste tires into a crushing mechanism (1) for crushing, feeding the crushed waste tires into a medium-temperature pyrolysis furnace (4), and pyrolyzing the crushed waste tires to obtain crude carbon black and gaseous products;

feeding the gaseous product into a condensing unit (5), and collecting the mixed fuel oil and the non-condensable gas through a first oil tank (7);

inputting the sludge with the water content of 50-60wt% in the town sewage plant into a drying furnace (13), raising the temperature in the drying furnace (13) to over 600 ℃ by using a second combustion machine (12), and drying to obtain mixed gas and sludge powder with the water content of less than or equal to 1 wt%;

introducing the mixed gas into a steam-water separator (14), and separating to obtain organic odor and water;

the organic odor is input into a waste heat boiler (8) and is burnt for heat supply.