CN109621897B - Preparation method of magnetic biochar material, device and application thereof - Google Patents

Preparation method of magnetic biochar material, device and application thereof Download PDF

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CN109621897B
CN109621897B CN201910004100.4A CN201910004100A CN109621897B CN 109621897 B CN109621897 B CN 109621897B CN 201910004100 A CN201910004100 A CN 201910004100A CN 109621897 B CN109621897 B CN 109621897B
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magnetic
biochar material
conveying device
magnetic biochar
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CN109621897A (en
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余广炜
汪刚
汪印
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Institute of Urban Environment of CAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28009—Magnetic properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4875—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being a waste, residue or of undefined composition
    • B01J2220/4887—Residues, wastes, e.g. garbage, municipal or industrial sludges, compost, animal manure; fly-ashes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
    • C02F2103/343—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the pharmaceutical industry, e.g. containing antibiotics

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a magnetic biochar material, a device and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: performing high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis on sludge of a sewage treatment plant to obtain sludge biochar, then performing dry fine grinding to obtain charcoal powder, performing dry magnetic separation on the sludge charcoal powder to obtain a magnetic material, humidifying and granulating to obtain a granular material, performing high-temperature sintering in a protective atmosphere to obtain a sintered material, and cooling along with a furnace to obtain the magnetic charcoal material with a porous structure. The method separates a magnetic material from the sludge pyrolysis product biochar, and is used for preparing the magnetic biochar material for efficiently adsorbing and removing fluoroquinolone antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, so that the resource utilization of the sludge biochar is realized, the preparation cost of the adsorbing material is reduced, the process is simple, the applicability is strong, and good economic benefit and environmental benefit are achieved.

Description

Preparation method of magnetic biochar material, device and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of utilization of sludge biochar and treatment of antibiotic wastewater, in particular to a preparation method of a magnetic biochar material, and a device and application thereof.
Background
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) antibiotics are developed by introducing fluorine atoms on the basis of quinolone antibiotics, and are fully synthesized broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs. FQs has remarkable therapeutic effect on diseases caused by bacterial infection of human and animal, has good pharmacokinetic properties, and can be widely used in pharmaceutical industry and livestock breeding industry. In 2009, its usage was located in the front of anti-infective drugs, accounting for 17% of the global antibiotic market share. The research shows that FQs has metabolism rate less than 25% in vivo, except that a small part of the metabolic rate remains in vivo, and more than 75% is excreted in vitro in the form of original medicine and metabolite through the excrement of patients and animals. FQs after entering the environment, because of its stable chemical properties, it can exist in various environment media, especially in the environmental water body, through a series of processes such as adsorption, migration and biological enrichment, thus harming various organisms in the environment, inducing and spreading various antibiotic drug-resistant bacteria, and destroying the ecological environment. The literature research revealed that FQs was detected in various water bodies in the environment (sewage treatment plant, hospital wastewater, aquaculture wastewater, surface water, ground water, drinking water, etc.). The ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin are detected at higher concentration and are more generally polluted, and are widely present in surface water, underground water and wastewater (removal of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in chicken manure by high-temperature compost, MenLei and the like, reported in agricultural environmental science 2015, No. 02). Ciprofloxacin (CIP) as a third-generation fluoroquinolone medicine has strong antibacterial activity, strong stability and hydrolysis resistance, and the problem of how to purify and remove Ciprofloxacin (CIP) containing wastewater is a difficult problem concerned by people.
In the current treatment method, the biological treatment method generally has the problems of long treatment period, incomplete treatment, bacteriostatic activity of metabolites and the like; the membrane treatment method mainly aims at removing particle pollutants, and generally has a removal effect on dissolved organic pollutants such as antibiotics, so that the membrane treatment method is usually combined with other technologies. The adsorption method also has the advantages of high efficiency, thorough removal and the like in the aspect of removing antibiotics, but the existing adsorbent generally has the defects of difficult adsorbent recovery, high preparation cost, large consumption and the like.
The invention patent application CN103204562A discloses a method for removing antibiotic pollutants in water by utilizing copper sulfide adsorption, the pH of wastewater containing antibiotic pollutants is adjusted to 5-9, and adsorption purification is realized by utilizing a copper sulfide bed layer, so that the treatment cost is high and the wastewater cannot be recycled. The invention patent CN104108764B discloses a method for remedying antibiotic drug contaminated wastewater, which comprises the steps of mixing and air-drying one or more than two of brown soil, moisture soil, red soil and black soil, sieving with a 15-30 mesh sieve, and burning at 400-600 ℃ for 15-40min to obtain a remediation agent for removing antibiotic drugs in the contaminated wastewater. The modifying agent is obtained by adopting a method of calcining soil at low temperature, is not easy to recycle, and does not relate to resource utilization of sludge pyrolysis residue biochar. The invention patent application CN106362690A discloses a magnetic biochar adsorbing material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing biochar: taking powder obtained by processing plant biomass as a raw material, and roasting under an anaerobic condition to obtain porous biochar; (2) preparing ferric iron precursor solution: adding solid ferric iron salt into ethylene glycol serving as a dispersing agent, continuously adding sodium acetate and a surfactant into the ethylene glycol, and stirring to form a dispersion system, namely ferric iron precursor liquid; (3) solvent thermal reaction: and uniformly mixing the biochar and the ferric iron precursor solution to obtain a mixture, placing the mixture into a polytetrafluoroethylene hydrothermal reaction kettle, and carrying out solvothermal reaction to obtain the magnetic biochar adsorbing material. The invention patent application CN107096500A discloses a method for preparing magnetic biochar by using traditional Chinese medicine residues, the magnetic biochar and application thereof. The method has the characteristics of simple production process, easily obtained raw materials, high solid-liquid efficiency of the product and the like. In the method, the preparation process of the magnetic biochar is complex, and the preparation cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of complex preparation process and high preparation cost of magnetic biochar in the prior art, and provides a preparation method, a device and application of a magnetic biochar material.
The invention has no modification, but utilizes the iron flocculant added in the wastewater treatment process to remain in the sludge, the iron element is fully fused and dispersed with organic matters and inorganic components in the sludge, and after the treatment of the pyrolysis process, the iron system component with good magnetism is obtained, and the magnetic material can be obtained by magnetic separation. The process fully utilizes the process of generating the sludge by the wastewater treatment process, and takes the sludge as a modification process of the raw material before the preparation of the magnetic material; the waste sludge is used as a raw material for preparing the magnetic material, the magnetic material obtained by pyrolysis has better magnetism and lower cost, and the iron precursor liquid does not need to be added separately like the traditional method.
The magnetic biochar material is based on a magnetic material obtained by sludge pyrolysis and magnetic separation, although the magnetic material obtained after the magnetic separation has certain adsorption performance, the magnetic biochar material does not have the performance of efficiently adsorbing fluoroquinolone antibiotics in a solution, and in the actual application process, the magnetic biochar material is not easy to recycle due to small granularity.
According to the invention, the magnetic biochar obtained after magnetic separation is sintered at high temperature, and the prepared magnetic biochar has developed pores and a large number of capillary channels, so that the resistance between solid and liquid can be well overcome, antibiotic molecules are adsorbed to the surfaces of the pores through capillary action, and are bound by surface force; because the sludge biochar is calcined in a protective atmosphere, 5-10% of carbon elements in the sludge biochar are further activated in a high-temperature sintering process and are uniformly distributed in developed pores; the metal oxide composed of silicon, iron, aluminum and magnesium in the porous material has hydrophilic sites, and metal ions can adsorb OH after water molecule dissociation-The oxygen atom in the metal oxide adsorbs H+Correspondingly generating metal oxide surface hydroxyl functional groups of Si-OH, Fe-OH, Al-OH, Mg-OH and the like; and after high-temperature oxygen-free calcination, the crystal structure, the surface functional groups and other active sites are increased, and the quantity of negative charges and variable charges is increased, so that the adsorption capacity of the fluoroquinolone compound is further enhanced, and the removal rate is more than or equal to 95%.
The magnetic biochar material used by the invention has the characteristic of easy regeneration, thermal desorption is carried out under inert gas, the thermal desorption temperature is 400-600 ℃, the inert gas is nitrogen, argon or helium, the desorption regeneration time is 0.5-1h, the regenerated porous material after thermal desorption can be used for adsorbing the fluoroquinolone antibiotics again, the adsorption property of the adsorbed fluoroquinolone antibiotics after desorption is recovered to the adsorption property of the initial magnetic biochar material with the adsorption property of more than 98%.
The specific scheme is as follows:
a preparation method of a magnetic biochar material comprises the following steps:
step (1): performing high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis on sludge of a sewage treatment plant to obtain sludge biochar, wherein the sludge of the sewage treatment plant is sludge generated after sewage is treated by an iron-based flocculant;
step (2): performing dry fine grinding on the sludge biochar obtained in the step (1) to obtain charcoal powder;
and (3): carrying out dry magnetic separation on the sludge charcoal powder obtained in the step (2) to obtain a magnetic material;
and (4): carrying out high-temperature sintering on the granular material obtained by humidifying and granulating the magnetic material obtained in the step (3) in a protective atmosphere to obtain a sintered material;
and (5): and (4) cooling the sintered material obtained in the step (4) along with a furnace to obtain the magnetic biochar material with the porous structure.
Further, in the step (1), the temperature of the high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis of the sludge in the sewage treatment plant is 680-900 ℃.
Further, in the step (2), the charcoal powder obtained after the dry fine grinding is smaller than 100 meshes, and the dry grinding mode is jet milling, ball milling or Raymond milling.
Further, in the step (3), the magnetic field strength of the dry magnetic separation is 1500-3000 Oe.
Further, in the step (4), the humidifying method of the magnetic material is to add water for mixing and humidifying, and the moisture content after humidifying is 6% -15%;
optionally, in the step (4), the granulation method is disc granulation or roller granulation, and the particle size is 3-5 mm; optionally, in the step (4), the sintering schedule of the high-temperature sintering is from room temperature to the sintering final temperature at the speed of 3-7 ℃/min, and then the temperature is kept at the sintering final temperature for 20-40min, wherein the sintering final temperature is 1050-1100 ℃;
optionally, the residual heat flue gas generated by sintering in the step (4) is recycled to the high-temperature oxygen-free pyrolysis process in the step (1);
optionally, in the step (5), the furnace cooling rate is less than or equal to 5 ℃/min, and the cooling is carried out to the room temperature.
The invention also provides a device for applying the preparation method of the magnetic biochar material, which comprises the following steps: the device comprises a sludge storage bin (1), a 1# conveying device (2), a pyrolysis device (3), a 1# cooling device (4), a 2# conveying device (5), a dry fine grinding device (6), a 3# conveying device (7), a magnetic separation device (8), a 4# conveying device (9), a nonmagnetic object storage bin (10), a 5# conveying device (11), a magnetic material storage bin (12), a 6# conveying device (13), a humidifying granulation device (14), a 7# conveying device (15), a water storage bin (16), a screening device (17), a 9# conveying device (19), a sintering device (20), a combustion device (21), a 10# conveying device (22), a gas purification device (23), a 2# cooling device (24), a 11# conveying device (25) and a magnetic biochar material storage bin (26);
wherein the outlet of the sludge storage bin (1) is connected with the inlet of the No. 1 conveying device (2), the outlet of the No. 1 conveying device (2) is connected with the inlet of the pyrolysis device (3), the outlet of the pyrolysis device (3) is connected with the inlet of the No. 1 cooling device (4), the outlet of the No. 1 cooling device (4) is connected with the inlet of the No. 2 conveying device (5), the outlet of the No. 2 conveying device (5) is connected with the inlet of the dry fine grinding device (6), and the outlet of the dry fine grinding device (6) is connected with the inlet of the No. 3 conveying device (7); the outlet of the 3# conveying device (7) is connected with the inlet of the magnetic separation device (8); the nonmagnetic substances magnetically separated by the magnetic separation device (8) are conveyed into the nonmagnetic substance storage bin (10) through the No. 4 conveying device (9);
magnetic materials magnetically separated by the magnetic separation device (8) are conveyed into the magnetic material storage bin (12) through the No. 5 conveying device (11); an outlet of the magnetic material storage bin (12) is connected with an inlet of the No. 6 conveying device (13), and an outlet of the No. 6 conveying device (13) is connected with an inlet of the humidifying and granulating device (14); the water in the water storage bin (16) is conveyed into the humidifying and granulating device (14) through the 7# conveying device (15); the outlet of the humidifying and granulating device (14) is provided with the screening device (17), and oversize materials of the screening device (17) are conveyed into the sintering device (20) through the No. 9 conveying device (19); the sintering device (20) is connected with the combustion device (21), so that the combustion device (21) supplies heat to the sintering device (20); a flue gas outlet of the sintering device (20) is connected with the pyrolysis device (3), so that the flue gas of sintering waste heat of the sintering device (20) is used as a heat source of the pyrolysis device (3) and is conveyed into the gas purification device (23) through the No. 10 conveying device (22) to reach the standard and be discharged; the outlet of the sintering device (20) is connected with the inlet of the No. 2 cooling device (24); the outlet of the No. 2 cooling device (24) is connected with the inlet of the No. 11 conveying device (25), and the outlet of the No. 11 conveying device (25) is connected with the inlet of the magnetic biochar material storage bin (26).
Further, the screening device (17) is connected with a No. 8 conveying device (18), so that undersize materials of the screening device (17) are conveyed back to the humidifying and granulating device (14) for circulation through the No. 8 conveying device (18);
optionally, the sludge storage bin (1), the nonmagnetic material storage bin (10), the magnetic material storage bin (12), the water storage bin (16) or the magnetic biochar material storage bin (26) is a common steel bin;
optionally, the # 1 conveying device (2) is a shaftless, single-shaft or double-shaft screw conveyor;
optionally, the pyrolysis device (3) is a drum-type indirect pyrolysis furnace;
optionally, the # 1 cooling device (4) or the # 2 cooling device (24) is a drum-type indirect cooling device;
optionally, the # 2 conveying device (5), the # 3 conveying device (7), the # 4 conveying device (9), the # 5 conveying device (11) or the # 6 conveying device (13) is any one of a pneumatic conveyor, a belt conveyor, a screw conveyor, a scraper or a bucket elevator;
optionally, the dry fine grinding device (6) is a jet mill, a vertical mill, a horizontal roll mill or a ball mill;
optionally, the magnetic separation device (8) is a common dry magnetic separator;
optionally, the humidifying and granulating device (14) is a roller granulator or a disc granulator;
optionally, the 7# conveying device (15) is a common water pump;
optionally, the screening device (17) is a vibrating screen or a trommel;
optionally, the # 8 conveying device (18) is a belt conveyor, a screw conveyor or a scraper;
optionally, the No. 9 conveying device (19) is a belt conveyor;
optionally, the sintering device (20) is an indirect heated roller sintering machine;
optionally, the combustion device (21) is a coal, oil or gas fired furnace;
optionally, the No. 10 conveying device (22) is a common high-temperature fan;
optionally, the gas cleaning device (23) is a common dry or wet flue gas cleaning system;
optionally, the 11# conveyor (25) is a belt conveyor or a bucket elevator.
The invention also protects the magnetic biochar material prepared by the preparation method of the magnetic biochar material.
The invention also protects the application of the magnetic biochar material, and the magnetic biochar material is used for adsorbing fluoroquinolone antibiotics in a solution, or adsorbing heavy metals in the solution, or used for soil improvement.
Further, adding the magnetic biochar material into 1-100mg/L CIP aqueous solution at a ratio of 5-15g/L to adsorb CIP, so that the removal rate of CIP is more than or equal to 95 wt%;
optionally, after adsorbing the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, the magnetic biochar material is subjected to thermal desorption under inert gas, the thermal desorption temperature is 400-600 ℃, the desorption regeneration time is 0.5-1h, the magnetic biochar material regenerated after thermal desorption is used for adsorbing the fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the solution, and the adsorption performance of the initial magnetic biochar material is greater than 98%;
optionally, the fluoroquinolone antibiotic is ciprofloxacin.
Has the advantages that: the method separates a magnetic material from the sludge pyrolysis product biochar, and is used for preparing the magnetic biochar material for efficiently adsorbing and removing fluoroquinolone antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, so that the resource utilization of the sludge biochar is realized, the preparation cost of the adsorbing material is reduced, the process is simple, the applicability is strong, and good economic benefit and environmental benefit are achieved. The method can also be further applied to the treatment of river dredging sludge or sea dredging sludge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing a magnetic biochar material provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of adsorption time on CIP adsorption provided in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the amount added on CIP adsorption in example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing a magnetic biochar material according to embodiment 5 of the present invention; the device comprises a sludge storage bin 1, a 2.1# conveying device, a 3# pyrolysis device, a 4.1# cooling device, a 5.2# conveying device, a 6# dry fine grinding device, a 7.3# conveying device, a 8# magnetic separation device, a 9.4# conveying device, a 10# nonmagnetic material storage bin, a 11.5# conveying device, a 12 # magnetic material storage bin, a 13.6# conveying device, a 14 # humidity adjusting and granulating device, a 15.7# conveying device, a 16 # water storage bin, a 17 # screening device, a 18.8# conveying device, a 19.9# conveying device, a 20 # sintering device, a 21 # combustion device, a 22.10# conveying device, a 23 # gas purification device, a 24.2# cooling device, a 25.11# conveying device and a 26 # magnetic biochar material storage bin.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
A preparation method of a magnetic biochar material, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: step (1): performing high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis on sludge in a sewage treatment plant to obtain sludge biochar; step (2): performing dry fine grinding on the sludge biochar obtained in the step (1) to obtain charcoal powder; and (3): carrying out dry magnetic separation on the sludge charcoal powder obtained in the step (2) to obtain a magnetic material; and (4): carrying out high-temperature sintering on the granular material obtained by humidifying and granulating the magnetic material obtained in the step (3) in a protective atmosphere to obtain a sintered material; and (5): and (4) cooling the sintered material obtained in the step (4) along with a furnace to obtain the magnetic biochar material with the porous structure.
Preferably, the residual heat flue gas generated by sintering in the step (4) is recycled to the high-temperature oxygen-free pyrolysis process in the step (1), so that the capacity utilization efficiency is improved.
Specifically, the temperature of the high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis of the sludge in the sewage treatment plant is 680-900 ℃. The charcoal powder obtained after the dry fine grinding is smaller than 100 meshes, and the dry grinding mode is jet milling, ball milling or Raymond milling. The magnetic field intensity of the dry magnetic separation is 1500-3000 Oe. The humidifying method of the magnetic biochar material comprises the steps of adding water for humidifying, wherein the moisture content is 6-15 wt% after humidifying; the granulation method is disc granulation or roller granulation, and the particle size is 3-5 mm; and sintering the granulated material particles at high temperature under the nitrogen protection atmosphere, wherein the sintering system is that the temperature is increased from room temperature to the sintering final temperature at the speed of 3-7 ℃/min, the sintering final temperature is 1050-1100 ℃, the temperature is kept for 30min, and then the granulated material particles are cooled to the room temperature, and the cooling speed is less than 5 ℃/min. Cooling to obtain the porous material named SBC-N.
Example 2
Adsorption test: SBC-N prepared in example 1 was added to an aqueous CIP solution, shaken at a frequency of 200r/min in a constant temperature dark shaker at 30 ℃ and then evaporated. Sampling and filtering with a 0.45 mu m filter membrane to obtain a sample to be detected, and carrying out CIP detection.
CIP detection: the mass concentration of CIP was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC, Hitachi L-2000, Japan). And (3) testing conditions are as follows: trichloroacetic acid, methanol and acetonitrile (74: 22: 4, volume ratio) in a mobile phase of 0.02mol/L, using a C-18 chromatographic column (250 mm. times.4.6 mm,5-Micron 80A), at a column box temperature of 30 ℃ and an excitation wavelength of 278 nm. CIP removal rate (r) and adsorption amount (q) at time tt) And equilibrium adsorption amount (q)e) The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0001934776480000101
Figure BDA0001934776480000102
wherein t (h) is the adsorption time, qt(mg/g) is the amount adsorbed at an adsorption time t; c0、And Ct(mg/L) are respectively the initialThe concentration of CIP and the mass concentration of CIP when the adsorption time is t, and V (L) is the volume of the CIP solution; w (g) is the SBC-N mass added to the CIP solution.
Experiments show that the prepared porous material SBC-N is added into a CIP aqueous solution with the concentration of 100mg/L according to the proportion of 10g/L, and the CIP removal rate is greater than 95 weight percent after oscillation for 48 hours.
Example 3 Effect of adsorption time on CIP adsorption
The SBC-N prepared in the example 1 was subjected to an adsorption test according to the method in the example 1, and samples were taken through 0.45 μm filter membranes at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 8, 12, and 24 hours to obtain samples to be tested, and subjected to CIP detection.
The effect of the adsorption time on the CIP adsorption is shown in figure 2, and it can be seen that after SBC-N is added, the concentration of the CIP in the solution is continuously reduced along with the increase of time, the residual concentration of the CIP in the solution is less than 0.5mg/L after 24 hours, the CIP removal rate is more than 95 weight percent, and the magnetic biochar material prepared by the method has high adsorption speed and quick response.
After adsorbing the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, the prepared magnetic biochar material is subjected to thermal desorption under inert gas (nitrogen, argon or helium), the thermal desorption temperature is 400-.
Example 4 Effect of porous Material addition amount on CIP adsorption
SBC-N prepared in example 1 was added to a 10mg/L aqueous solution of CIP in amounts of 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 20.0, 25.0, 30.0, and 40.0g/L, respectively, and the mixture was shaken in a constant temperature dark shaker at 30 ℃ at a frequency of 200r/min for 24 hours, then sampled and filtered, subjected to CIP detection, and the influence of the addition amount of SBC-N on CIP adsorption was examined. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the CIP removal rate increases with increasing SBC-N addition; when the addition amount is increased to 5g/L, the removal rate of CIP reaches 100%, and the corresponding adsorption capacity is 2mg/g, so that the magnetic biochar material prepared by the invention has large adsorption amount and excellent CIP adsorption effect.
The magnetic biochar material prepared by the invention adsorbs CIP under the condition that the magnetic biochar material is added into 1-100mg/L CIP aqueous solution according to the proportion of 5-15g/L, so that the removal rate of CIP is more than or equal to 95 wt%.
It can be seen from examples 3 and 4 that the magnetic biochar material prepared by the invention has strong adsorption performance, and in view of the fact that fluoroquinolone antibiotics are similar to CIP in properties and the principle of capillary action and the principle of adsorption of hydrophilic sites of metal oxides are the same when adsorbed, a person skilled in the art can expect that the magnetic biochar material prepared by the invention has an adsorption effect on fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and the removal rate of fluoroquinolone antibiotics is greater than or equal to 95 wt%, and meanwhile, the liquid can be used for adsorbing heavy metals in a solution or for soil improvement.
Example 5
A device for preparing a magnetic biochar material, as shown in fig. 4, comprising: a sludge storage bin 1, a # 1 conveying device 2, a pyrolysis device 3, a # 1 cooling device 4, a # 2 conveying device 5, a dry fine grinding device 6, a # 3 conveying device 7, a magnetic separation device 8, a # 4 conveying device 9, a nonmagnetic substance storage bin 10, a # 5 conveying device 11, a magnetic material storage bin 12, a # 6 conveying device 13, a humidity adjusting and granulating device 14, a # 7 conveying device 15, a water storage bin 16, a screening device 17, a # 9 conveying device 19, a sintering device 20, a combustion device 21, a # 10 conveying device 22, a gas purification device 23, a # 2 cooling device 24, a # 11 conveying device 25 and a magnetic biochar material storage bin 26;
an outlet of the sludge storage bin 1 is connected with an inlet of the No. 1 conveying device 2, an outlet of the No. 1 conveying device 2 is connected with an inlet of the pyrolysis device 3, an outlet of the pyrolysis device 3 is connected with an inlet of the No. 1 cooling device 4, an outlet of the No. 1 cooling device 4 is connected with an inlet of the No. 2 conveying device 5, an outlet of the No. 2 conveying device 5 is connected with an inlet of the dry fine grinding device 6, and an outlet of the dry fine grinding device 6 is connected with an inlet of the No. 3 conveying device 7; the outlet of the 3# conveying device 7 is connected with the inlet of the magnetic separation device 8; the nonmagnetic substances magnetically separated by the magnetic separation device 8 are conveyed into the nonmagnetic substance storage bin 10 through the No. 4 conveying device 9;
magnetic materials magnetically separated by the magnetic separation device 8 are conveyed into the magnetic material storage bin 12 through the No. 5 conveying device 11; an outlet of the magnetic material storage bin 12 is connected with an inlet of the No. 6 conveying device 13, and an outlet of the No. 6 conveying device 13 is connected with an inlet of the humidifying and granulating device 14; the water in the water storage bin 16 is conveyed to enter the humidifying and granulating device 14 through the 7# conveying device 15; the outlet of the humidifying and granulating device 14 is provided with the screening device 17, and oversize materials on the screening device 17 are conveyed into the sintering device 20 through the No. 9 conveying device 19; the sintering device 20 is connected with the combustion device 21, so that the combustion device 21 supplies heat to the sintering device 20; the flue gas outlet of the sintering device 20 is connected with the pyrolysis device 3, so that the sintering waste heat flue gas of the sintering device 20 is used as a heat source of the pyrolysis device 3 and is conveyed into the gas purification device 23 through the No. 10 conveying device 22 to be discharged after reaching the standard; the outlet of the sintering device 20 is connected with the inlet of the No. 2 cooling device 24; the outlet of the No. 2 cooling device 24 is connected with the inlet of the No. 11 conveying device 25, and the outlet of the No. 11 conveying device 25 is connected with the inlet of the magnetic biochar material storage bin 26.
Preferably, the screening device 17 is connected to a # 8 conveyor 18, and undersize products from the screening device 17 are conveyed back to the humidity controlling and granulating device 14 through the # 8 conveyor 18 for recycling.
Specifically, the sludge storage bin 1, the nonmagnetic substance storage bin 10, the magnetic biochar storage bin 12, the water storage bin 16 and the porous material storage bin 26 are common steel bins;
the No. 1 conveying device 2 is a shaftless, single-shaft or double-shaft screw conveyor;
the pyrolysis device 3 is a drum-type indirect pyrolysis furnace;
the No. 1 cooling device 4 and the No. 2 cooling device 24 are roller type indirect cooling devices;
the No. 2 conveying device 5, the No. 3 conveying device 7, the No. 4 conveying device 9, the No. 5 conveying device 11 and the No. 6 conveying device 13 are pneumatic conveyors, belt conveyors, screw conveyors, scraping machines or bucket elevators;
the dry fine grinding device 6 is a jet mill, a vertical mill, a horizontal roller mill or a ball mill;
a magnetic separation device 8 is a common dry magnetic separator;
the humidifying and granulating device 14 is a roller granulator or a disc granulator;
the 7# conveying device 15 is a common water pump;
the screening device 17 is a vibrating screen or a drum screen;
the No. 8 conveying device 18 is a belt conveyor, a screw conveyor and a scraper conveyor;
the No. 9 conveying device 19 is a belt conveyor;
the sintering device 20 is an indirect heating roller sintering machine;
the combustion device 21 is a coal, oil or gas combustion furnace;
the No. 10 conveying device 22 is a common high-temperature fan;
the gas purification device 23 is a common dry or wet flue gas purification system;
the 11# conveying device 25 is a belt conveyor or a bucket elevator.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (32)

1. A preparation method of a magnetic biochar material comprises the following steps:
step (1): performing high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis on sludge of a sewage treatment plant to obtain sludge biochar, wherein the sludge of the sewage treatment plant is sludge generated after sewage is treated by an iron-based flocculant;
step (2): performing dry fine grinding on the sludge biochar obtained in the step (1) to obtain charcoal powder;
and (3): carrying out dry magnetic separation on the sludge charcoal powder obtained in the step (2) to obtain a magnetic material;
and (4): carrying out high-temperature sintering on the granular material obtained by humidifying and granulating the magnetic material obtained in the step (3) in a protective atmosphere, wherein the final sintering temperature of the high-temperature sintering is 1050-1100 ℃, so as to obtain a sintered material; the humidifying method of the magnetic material comprises the steps of adding water for mixing and humidifying, wherein the moisture content is 6-15 wt% after humidifying; the protective atmosphere is nitrogen;
and (5): and (4) cooling the sintered material obtained in the step (4) along with a furnace to obtain the magnetic biochar material with the porous structure.
2. The method for preparing a magnetic biochar material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), the temperature of the high-temperature oxygen-free pyrolysis of the sludge in the sewage treatment plant is 680-900 ℃.
3. The method for preparing a magnetic biochar material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the charcoal powder obtained after the dry fine grinding is smaller than 100 meshes, and the dry grinding mode is jet milling, ball milling or Raymond milling.
4. The method for preparing a magnetic biochar material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the magnetic field intensity of the dry magnetic separation is 1500-3000 Oe.
5. The method for preparing a magnetic biochar material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (4), the granulation method is disc granulation or roller granulation, and the particle size is 3-5 mm.
6. The method for preparing a magnetic biochar material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (4), the sintering system of the high-temperature sintering is from room temperature to the final sintering temperature at the speed of 3-7 ℃/min, and then the temperature is kept for 20-40min at the final sintering temperature, wherein the final sintering temperature is 1050-1100 ℃.
7. The method for preparing a magnetic biochar material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) recycling the waste heat flue gas generated by sintering in the step (4) to the high-temperature oxygen-free pyrolysis process in the step (1).
8. The method for preparing a magnetic biochar material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (5), the cooling rate of furnace cooling is less than or equal to 5 ℃/min, and the temperature is cooled to room temperature.
9. The device for preparing the magnetic biochar material by using the preparation method of the magnetic biochar material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: the device comprises a sludge storage bin (1), a 1# conveying device (2), a pyrolysis device (3), a 1# cooling device (4), a 2# conveying device (5), a dry fine grinding device (6), a 3# conveying device (7), a magnetic separation device (8), a 4# conveying device (9), a nonmagnetic object storage bin (10), a 5# conveying device (11), a magnetic material storage bin (12), a 6# conveying device (13), a humidifying granulation device (14), a 7# conveying device (15), a water storage bin (16), a screening device (17), a 9# conveying device (19), a sintering device (20), a combustion device (21), a 10# conveying device (22), a gas purification device (23), a 2# cooling device (24), a 11# conveying device (25) and a magnetic biochar material storage bin (26);
wherein the outlet of the sludge storage bin (1) is connected with the inlet of the No. 1 conveying device (2), the outlet of the No. 1 conveying device (2) is connected with the inlet of the pyrolysis device (3), the outlet of the pyrolysis device (3) is connected with the inlet of the No. 1 cooling device (4), the outlet of the No. 1 cooling device (4) is connected with the inlet of the No. 2 conveying device (5), the outlet of the No. 2 conveying device (5) is connected with the inlet of the dry fine grinding device (6), and the outlet of the dry fine grinding device (6) is connected with the inlet of the No. 3 conveying device (7); the outlet of the 3# conveying device (7) is connected with the inlet of the magnetic separation device (8); the nonmagnetic substances magnetically separated by the magnetic separation device (8) are conveyed into the nonmagnetic substance storage bin (10) through the No. 4 conveying device (9);
magnetic materials magnetically separated by the magnetic separation device (8) are conveyed into the magnetic material storage bin (12) through the No. 5 conveying device (11); an outlet of the magnetic material storage bin (12) is connected with an inlet of the No. 6 conveying device (13), and an outlet of the No. 6 conveying device (13) is connected with an inlet of the humidifying and granulating device (14); the water in the water storage bin (16) is conveyed into the humidifying and granulating device (14) through the 7# conveying device (15); the outlet of the humidifying and granulating device (14) is provided with the screening device (17), and oversize materials of the screening device (17) are conveyed into the sintering device (20) through the No. 9 conveying device (19); the sintering device (20) is connected with the combustion device (21), so that the combustion device (21) supplies heat to the sintering device (20); a flue gas outlet of the sintering device (20) is connected with the pyrolysis device (3), so that the flue gas of sintering waste heat of the sintering device (20) is used as a heat source of the pyrolysis device (3) and is conveyed into the gas purification device (23) through the No. 10 conveying device (22) to reach the standard and be discharged; the outlet of the sintering device (20) is connected with the inlet of the No. 2 cooling device (24); the outlet of the No. 2 cooling device (24) is connected with the inlet of the No. 11 conveying device (25), and the outlet of the No. 11 conveying device (25) is connected with the inlet of the magnetic biochar material storage bin (26).
10. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the screening device (17) is connected with a No. 8 conveying device (18), so that undersize materials of the screening device (17) are conveyed back to the humidifying and granulating device (14) for recycling through the No. 8 conveying device (18).
11. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the sludge storage bin (1), the nonmagnetic substance storage bin (10), the magnetic material storage bin (12), the water storage bin (16) or the magnetic biochar material storage bin (26) is a common steel bin.
12. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the No. 1 conveying device (2) is a shaftless, single-shaft or double-shaft screw conveyor.
13. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the pyrolysis device (3) is a drum-type indirect pyrolysis furnace.
14. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the No. 1 cooling device (4) or the No. 2 cooling device (24) is a drum-type indirect cooling device.
15. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the No. 2 conveying device (5), the No. 3 conveying device (7), the No. 4 conveying device (9), the No. 5 conveying device (11) or the No. 6 conveying device (13) is any one of a pneumatic conveyor, a belt conveyor, a spiral conveyor, a scraper or a bucket elevator.
16. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the dry fine grinding device (6) is a jet mill, a vertical mill, a horizontal roll mill or a ball mill.
17. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the magnetic separation device (8) is a common dry-method magnetic separator.
18. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the humidifying and granulating device (14) is a roller granulator or a disc granulator.
19. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the 7# conveying device (15) is a common water pump.
20. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the screening device (17) is a vibrating screen or a rotary screen.
21. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 10, wherein: the No. 8 conveying device (18) is a belt conveyor, a spiral conveyor or a scraper conveyor.
22. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the No. 9 conveying device (19) is a belt conveyor.
23. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the sintering device (20) is an indirect heating roller sintering machine.
24. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the combustion device (21) is a coal, oil or gas combustion furnace.
25. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the No. 10 conveying device (22) is a common high-temperature fan.
26. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the gas purification device (23) is a common dry or wet flue gas purification system.
27. The apparatus for preparing magnetic biochar material by using the method for preparing magnetic biochar material according to claim 9, wherein: the No. 11 conveying device (25) is a belt conveyor or a bucket elevator.
28. The magnetic biochar material prepared by the preparation method of the magnetic biochar material according to any one of claims 1-8.
29. Use of the magnetic biochar material of claim 28 for adsorbing fluoroquinolone antibiotics in solution, or for adsorbing heavy metals in solution, or for soil improvement.
30. The use of the magnetic biochar material according to claim 29, wherein the magnetic biochar material adsorbs CIP under the condition that the magnetic biochar material is added into CIP aqueous solution of 1-100mg/L at the ratio of 5-15g/L, so that the removal rate of CIP is greater than or equal to 95 wt%.
31. The use of the magnetic biochar material as claimed in claim 29, wherein after the magnetic biochar material adsorbs the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, thermal desorption is carried out under inert gas, the thermal desorption temperature is 400-600 ℃, the desorption regeneration time is 0.5-1h, the magnetic biochar material regenerated after thermal desorption is used for adsorbing the fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the solution, and the adsorption performance of the initial magnetic biochar material is greater than 98%.
32. The use of a magnetic biochar material as in claim 29, wherein the fluoroquinolone antibiotic is ciprofloxacin.
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