CN112592178B - 一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料 - Google Patents

一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料 Download PDF

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CN112592178B
CN112592178B CN202110039183.8A CN202110039183A CN112592178B CN 112592178 B CN112592178 B CN 112592178B CN 202110039183 A CN202110039183 A CN 202110039183A CN 112592178 B CN112592178 B CN 112592178B
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刘鹏程
张伟
王刚
王曲
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Sinosteel Luoyang Institute of Refractories Research Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于高温节能保温技术领域，具体涉及一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料。涉及的一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料的原料组成及以质量份为：堇青石细粉10‑30份、氧化铝细粉10‑35份、氧化锆细粉20‑40份、空心陶瓷微珠10‑30份、玻璃微珠10‑25份；复合型耐火涂料的原料组成的总质量为100份，每100份所述的原料中添加有30‑50份结合剂、20‑40份溶剂，以及0.1‑0.2份的增稠剂和0.03‑0.05份的促烧剂。本发明按照原料的质量分数称量混合均匀得到复合型保温涂料，该涂料具有1300℃耐高温、低的热导率以及高红外辐射率等性能，并且涂层与基体结合牢固、抗热震性较好的优点。

Description

一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料
技术领域
本发明属于高温节能保温技术领域，具体涉及一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料。
背景技术
随着国民经济的迅速发展，能源短缺、耗散问题日益凸显，节能、低碳的发展理念深入人心，国家相继出台节能减排的政策，节约能源成为社会关注的热点。高温工业的能耗约占全国能耗的25%~40%左右，其中最主要的工业窑炉平均热效率不足40%，比发达工业国家低10%~20%，这造成了能源的极大浪费，因此隔热保温、高发射率涂料应运而生，可有效的以不同方式达到节能减排的目的。
隔热保温涂料主要作用机理是提高孔隙率、降低热传导和阻止热对流，应用在高温管道、炉墙的外壁上，可以有效阻止热量的散失。按照发射率大小可将红外陶瓷材料分为高、中、低发射陶瓷材料，发射率范围分别是大于0.8、0.5~0.8、小于0.8.高发射率涂层的作用机理就是利用发射率较高的一类材料制备具有高发射率涂料，使用在窑炉内部，提高窑炉内墙辐射能力以达到减少能量耗散、提高窑炉温度的目的。迄今为止，以上两种涂料在实际使用中都显示出较好的性能和节能预期，然而单一隔热涂料并不能更大限度的隔绝热量的扩散，如果将阻隔型、高发射辐射性涂料融合在一起，从而可以极大地提高隔热性能。早在上世纪60年代，辐射保温复合型涂层已经出现，主要是被利用在建筑领域以降低内部温度，后来逐渐推广到其他领域，在工业上的应用节约了大量能源。有国外公司研究将 TiO2、Fe2O3等作为颜填料，云母粉、滑石粉等作为隔热填料制备出水性丙烯酸基隔热保温涂料，该涂料具有较高的反射率。但是该种涂料使用温度较低，并不能很好的应用于窑炉内衬，并且长期稳定的使用。另外有专利“高发射率保温涂层”（专利申请号201910596986 .6）是一种保温涂料和一种高发射涂料相互结合的高发射保温涂层，其主要是利用掺杂后的铝酸镧涂层的高发射率及氧化锆空心球涂层的保温性能结合而成。然而该方式存在施工以及原料制备繁琐以及成本过高，实际生产中难以推广应用等问题。
因此，如果能实现使用廉价原料简单制备同时兼具保温和高辐射特点的单一涂层，对降低成本、提高工业窑炉的节能具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的主要是针对上述涂层的成本过高及其工艺繁琐的问题，提供一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，复合型耐火涂料的原料组成及以质量份为：堇青石细粉10-30份、氧化铝细粉10-35份、氧化锆细粉20-40份、空心陶瓷微珠10-30份、玻璃微珠10-25份；复合型耐火涂料的原料组成的总质量为100份，每100份所述的原料中添加有30-50份结合剂、20-40份溶剂，以及0.1-0.2份的增稠剂和0.03-0.05份的促烧剂。
进一步，复合型耐火涂料的原料组成及以质量份为：堇青石细粉20份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉30份，空心陶瓷微珠15份，玻璃微珠15份，另外还添加结合剂40份，溶剂30份，0.1份的增稠剂和0.03份的促烧剂。
所述结合剂为磷酸二氢铝或硅溶胶的一种。
所用的磷酸二氢铝在25℃下密度为1.5g/ml，PH值为1.4左右；所述硅溶胶中SiO2的含量在30~35%，PH值在9~9.5。
所述增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素的一种。
所述促烧剂为硼硅玻璃粉或钾长石粉的一种。
所述堇青石、氧化铝和氧化锆细粉粒度均为≤0.076mm，空心陶瓷微珠和玻璃微珠平均粒径为0-0.2mm。
本发明提出的一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，利用堇青石和氧化锆材料具有高的红外辐射特性，另外添加常用的空心陶瓷微珠和玻璃微珠减小材料的体积密度，增大气孔率，以减少涂层的热导率，达到节能隔热的目的；涂层所用的磷酸二氢铝结合剂具有结合能力强、耐高温性能较好，保证涂层在高温条件下可以稳定的使用。本发明耐火涂料的组合物可以通过材料重量份数均匀混合得到耐火浆料，然后使用喷涂或者刷涂在隧道窑、辊道窑等窑炉的工作衬表面，使用中烧结与窑炉结合紧密，提高窑炉内红外发射率，较少热量损失，达到节能的目的。本发明所提及耐火涂料的有益效果是：
1、高温使用稳定。该发明所表述的耐火涂层可承受1300℃左右的高温煅烧，而保持不变形，不熔融。涂料所使用的氧化锆、堇青石原料均具有较高发射率，并且发射率可长期保持较高水平。涂料的使用稳定性较好。
2、操作方便，经济环保。该涂料为单层结构，同时保证了高发射率和低热导率的特点，涂料制备简单，原料成本较低，满足经济实用，节能环保的目的。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步描述。
实施例1：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉20份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉30份，空心陶瓷微珠15份，玻璃微珠15份，磷酸二氢铝30份，去离子水40份。另外加入0.1份羧甲基纤维素增稠剂和0.03份硼硅玻璃粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例2：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉20份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉25份，空心陶瓷微珠20份，玻璃微珠15份，（20+20+25+10+15小于100）磷酸二氢铝35份，去离子水35份。另外加入0.1份羧甲基纤维素增稠剂和0.05份钾长石粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例3：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉25份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉25份，空心陶瓷微珠15份，玻璃微珠15份，磷酸二氢铝40份，去离子水30份。另外加入0.2份羟乙基纤维素增稠剂和0.04份硼硅玻璃粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例4：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉30份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉20份，空心陶瓷微珠15份，玻璃微珠15份，硅溶胶30份，去离子水40份。另外加入0.1份羟乙基纤维素增稠剂和0.03份钾长石粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例5：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉20份，氧化铝细粉25份，氧化锆细粉25份，空心陶瓷微珠20份，玻璃微珠10份，磷酸二氢铝40份，去离子水30份。另外加入0.1份羧甲基纤维素增稠剂和0.05份硼硅玻璃粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例6：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉25份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉20份，空心陶瓷微珠20份，玻璃微珠15份，硅溶胶30份，去离子水40份。另外加入0.2份羧甲基纤维素增稠剂和0.05份钾长石粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例7：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉30份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉20份，空心陶瓷微珠20份，玻璃微珠10份，硅溶胶40份，去离子水30份。另外加入0.15份羟乙基纤维素增稠剂和0.04份钾长石粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例8：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉15份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉35份，空心陶瓷微珠15份，玻璃微珠15份，硅溶胶45份，去离子水25份。另外加入0.15份羧甲基纤维素增稠剂和0.03份钾长石粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例9：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉10份，氧化铝细粉25份，氧化锆细粉35份，空心陶瓷微珠15份，玻璃微珠15份，磷酸二氢铝40份，去离子水30份。另外加入0.2份羟乙基纤维素增稠剂和0.03份钾长石粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。
实施例10：一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其原料组成及重量份为：堇青石细粉15份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉30份，空心陶瓷微珠20份，玻璃微珠15份，硅溶胶45份，去离子水25份。另外加入0.1份羧甲基纤维素增稠剂和0.04份硼硅玻璃粉促烧剂。该型涂料可在1300℃左右稳定使用，且兼具有良好的高温辐射和保温性能，红外发射率可保持在0.8以上，1000℃时导热系数为0.5W·m-1·K-1左右。

Claims (4)

1.一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其特征在于：复合型耐火涂料的原料组成及以质量份为：堇青石细粉10-30份、氧化铝细粉10-35份、氧化锆细粉20-40份、空心陶瓷微珠10-30份、玻璃微珠10-25份；复合型耐火涂料的原料组成的总质量为100份，每100份所述的原料中添加有30-50份结合剂、20-40份溶剂，以及0.1-0.2份的增稠剂和0.03-0.05份的促烧剂；所述结合剂为磷酸二氢铝或硅溶胶的一种；所用的磷酸二氢铝在25℃下密度为1.5g/ml，PH值为1.4左右；所述硅溶胶中SiO2的含量在30~35%，PH值在9~9.5；所述堇青石、氧化铝和氧化锆细粉粒度均为≤0.076mm，空心陶瓷微珠和玻璃微珠平均粒径为0-0.2mm；高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料的红外发射率大于0.8。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其特征在于：堇青石细粉20份，氧化铝细粉20份，氧化锆细粉30份，空心陶瓷微珠15份，玻璃微珠15份，另外还添加结合剂40份，溶剂30份，0.1份的增稠剂和0.03份的促烧剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其特征在于：所述增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高发射率隔热复合型耐火涂料，其特征在于：所述促烧剂为硼硅玻璃粉或钾长石粉的一种。
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