CN112589532B

CN112589532B - Machine tool spindle and cutter tightness detection device

Info

Publication number: CN112589532B
Application number: CN202011400377.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 南鹏; 宋立斌; 葛天南
Original assignee: Shenzhen Sufeng Science & Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Sufeng Science & Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-03
Filing date: 2020-12-03
Publication date: 2022-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-03
Also published as: CN112589532A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool manufacturing, and discloses a machine tool spindle and cutter tightness detection device which comprises a device main body, wherein pneumatic mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the device main body, a first controller is arranged at the top of each pneumatic mechanism, a buzzer is arranged at the top of the device main body, an air vent is arranged on one side of the buzzer, a second controller is arranged at the top of the device main body, an air tightness detection valve is arranged on one side of the second controller, a pressure instrument is arranged on the surface of the air tightness detection valve, a spindle is arranged in the device main body, a handle shaft is arranged at one end of the spindle, a cutter is arranged at one end of the handle shaft, a taper handle is arranged at the other end of the handle shaft, and a taper hole is arranged at one end of the spindle. According to the detection equipment for the tightness of the machine tool spindle and the cutter, the machine tool spindle and the cutter tightness detection system are arranged, impurities attached to the cutter are prevented in advance, the situation that the cutter and the spindle are not matched well is avoided, the workpiece is machined, and the machining quality of the workpiece and the service life of the spindle are greatly improved.

Description

Machine tool spindle and cutter tightness detection device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool manufacturing, in particular to a device for detecting the tightness of a main shaft and a cutter of a machine tool.

Background

A machine tool, which is an apparatus for processing machine parts, generally includes a tool holder and a spindle on which a tool is mounted while the tool holder holds a workpiece, and processes the held workpiece by moving and rotating the tool.

Because the main shaft needs to continuously rotate to process the workpiece, a large amount of heat is generated by the main shaft due to friction in the processing process, and if the main shaft is not cooled in time, the service life of the main shaft is greatly influenced.

The prior art has the following defects and shortcomings:

in the prior art, a taper shank of a tool is fixed on a main shaft of a machine tool.

When the tool is tightly fitted to the spindle, it is not detected whether there is any foreign matter inside the spindle or not and whether there is any wear on the taper shank of the tool or not. The iron chips attached to the taper shank of the cutter can abrade the taper surface of the spindle during machining. Customers often find problems when processing parts with poor quality and replacing the cutter and the main shaft.

The machining of the workpiece under the condition of poor matching of the cutter and the main shaft seriously influences the service life of the machine tool, the precision of the product and the stability of the product quality.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a machine tool spindle and a tool tightness detection device, which can solve the problems that whether impurities exist in the spindle and whether a taper shank of the tool is abraded or not can not be detected under the condition that the existing tool is tightly matched with the spindle, so that a workpiece is machined under the condition that the tool is not matched with the spindle, and the service life of the machine tool, the precision of a product and the stability of the quality of the product are seriously influenced. This device is through setting up lathe main shaft and cutter leakproofness detecting system, and the processing of carrying out the work piece under cutter and the main shaft cooperation bad condition has been avoided in advance to adnexed impurity prevention on the cutter, has had very big improvement to the processing quality of work piece and the life-span of main shaft, and this device and main shaft integral type design save space simultaneously, detect the precision height, and detection mode is simple, can effectively get rid of adnexed iron fillings on the taper shank of ability cutter simultaneously, and the practicality is very strong. The tightness detection equipment for the machine tool spindle and the cutter has the advantages of simple and compact structure, reasonable design, easiness in manufacturing, low cost, flexibility and convenience in use and easiness in popularization and application.

In order to achieve the purpose of the device for detecting the tightness of the main shaft and the cutter of the machine tool, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a machine tool spindle and cutter tightness detection device comprises a device main body, wherein pneumatic mechanisms are respectively arranged on two sides of the device main body, a first controller is arranged at the top of each pneumatic mechanism, a buzzer is arranged at the top of the device main body, an air vent is arranged on one side of the buzzer, a second controller is arranged at the top of the device main body, an air tightness detection valve is arranged on one side of the second controller, a pressure instrument is arranged on the surface of the air tightness detection valve, a spindle is arranged in the device main body, a handle shaft is arranged at one end of the spindle, a cutter is arranged at one end of the handle shaft, a taper shank is arranged at the other end of the handle shaft, a taper hole is arranged at one end of the spindle, a fit clearance is formed between the taper shank and the taper hole, a cylinder is arranged in the pneumatic mechanism, a push rod is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder, and a sealing piston is arranged at the bottom of the push rod, the sealing piston bottom is provided with the seal groove, be provided with logical groove between fit clearance and the seal groove, the main shaft both sides are provided with the dust collecting chamber, the inside dust screen that is provided with of dust collecting chamber, the inside trachea that is provided with of air vent, airtight check valve one end is provided with high-pressure blowing pump.

Preferably, the pneumatic mechanism passes through bolt fixed mounting at equipment main part both sides surface, pneumatic mechanism symmetric distribution is in equipment main part both sides, first controller passes through bolt fixed mounting at the pneumatic mechanism top, first controller passes through wire and external power source electric connection.

Preferably, the buzzer is fixedly installed at the top of the equipment main body through bolts, the second controller is fixedly installed at the top of the equipment main body through bolts, the airtight detection valve is fixedly installed at the top of the equipment main body through bolts, the buzzer is electrically connected with the second controller through a lead, the airtight detection valve is electrically connected with the second controller through a lead, and the second controller is electrically connected with an external power supply through a lead.

Preferably, the inside mounting hole that is provided with internal diameter size and main shaft external diameter size looks adaptation of equipment main part, the main shaft runs through to peg graft fixed mounting inside the equipment main part.

Preferably, the outer surface of the taper shank is matched with the inner surface of the taper hole in size, the outer surface of the taper shank is in contact with the inner surface of the taper hole, and the shank shaft is fixedly clamped with the spindle through the taper shank.

Preferably, the cylinder passes through wire and first controller electric connection, the cylinder passes through the flexible removal of electric drive sealing piston, seal groove internal diameter size and sealing piston external diameter size looks adaptation, sealing piston activity joint is inside the seal groove, sealing piston and seal groove sliding connection.

Preferably, the fit clearance is communicated with the seal groove through a through groove.

Preferably, the dust filter screen is a metal dust filter screen, and the dust filter screen is spirally arranged in the dust collecting chamber in a surrounding manner.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the air pipe is matched with the inner diameter of the vent hole, the air pipe penetrates through the vent hole and is inserted into the vent hole, the air pipe is fixedly connected with the air tightness detection valve, a high-pressure air blowing pump is arranged outside the air tightness detection valve, the air tightness detection valve is fixedly connected with the high-pressure air blowing pump through an air pipeline, and the high-pressure air blowing pump is electrically connected with the second controller through a lead.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a machine tool spindle and cutter tightness detection device, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the tightness detection equipment for the machine tool spindle and the cutter, the spindle and the cutter are fixedly arranged in the equipment main body, and the spindle, the cutter and the detection equipment are integrally designed, so that the structural design is reasonable, the space is saved, and the installation and the detection are convenient;

2. the machine tool spindle and cutter tightness detection device comprises a spindle shaft with one end taper shank matched with one end taper hole of the spindle, a matching gap between the taper shank and the taper hole, pneumatic mechanisms arranged on two sides of the device main body, a cylinder arranged in the pneumatic mechanisms and extending and contracting via an electric drive push rod to drive a sealing piston to slide in a sealing groove, the sealing groove is communicated with the matching gap via a through groove, and a gas passage between the sealing groove and the through groove is controlled via the extension and contraction of the sealing piston, wherein during gas tightness detection, the sealing groove is in a sealing state, a vent hole is arranged at the top of the device main body in a penetrating manner, a gas pipe is arranged in the vent hole in a penetrating manner and connected with a high-pressure gas blowing pump via a gas tightness detection valve, and the gas tightness detection valve is arranged in a gas passage connected with the gas pipe via the gas blowing pump, the air-tight detection valve detects the change of the air pressure signal of the air-tight detection valve, whether foreign matters exist in the fit clearance between the taper shank and the taper hole or not is automatically judged through the second controller, if the air-tight detection valve detects that the air pressure signal of the air-tight detection valve is smaller, the foreign matters exist on the contact surface of the taper shank or the taper hole, the machine tool is automatically controlled to stop through the second controller, and the machine tool cannot run, so that the abrasion of a main shaft and a cutter of the machine tool is avoided, and the influence on the processing precision of a product is avoided;

3. according to the tightness detection equipment for the machine tool spindle and the cutter, the pneumatic mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the equipment main body, when the second controller detects that foreign matters exist on the contact surface of a taper shank or a taper hole, the push rod is driven to shrink through the air cylinder, so that an air passage is formed between the sealing groove and the through groove, and at the moment, the fit clearance and the dust collection chamber are in a through connection state and pass through the second controller; the automatic control high-pressure air blowing pump is started, high-pressure air flow is input into the fit clearance through the air pipe, foreign matters attached to the contact surface of the taper shank or the taper hole are blown out towards the inside of the dust collection chamber under the action of the high-pressure air flow through the high-pressure air flow, the foreign matters or dust are adsorbed and collected through the dust filtering net inside the dust collection chamber, the purpose of automatically clearing the foreign matters in the fit clearance is achieved, the precision of a cutter and a main shaft is improved, the service life of a machine tool is prolonged, and the precision of a product and the stability of the quality of the product are improved.

4. This machine tool spindle and cutter leakproofness check out test set, through set up bee calling organ at equipment principal portion top, when the atmospheric pressure signal that airtight check valve detected becomes small, send the reminder signal through bee calling organ, remind operating personnel to detect the gas tightness of cutter 2 and machine tool spindle 1 to operating personnel in time looks over whether there is impurity.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pneumatic mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an apparatus main body; 2. a pneumatic mechanism; 3. a first controller; 4. a buzzer; 5. a vent hole; 6. a second controller; 7. an air-tightness detection valve; 8. a pressure gauge; 9. a main shaft; 10. a stem; 11. a cutter; 12. a taper shank; 13. a taper hole; 14. fitting gaps; 15. a cylinder; 16. a push rod; 17. a sealing piston; 18. a sealing groove; 19. a through groove; 20. a dust collecting chamber; 21. a dust filter screen; 22. an air tube; 23. high-pressure blowing pump.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, a machine tool spindle and tool tightness detection device comprises a device body 1, a pneumatic mechanism 2 is respectively arranged on two sides of the device body 1, a first controller 3 is arranged on the top of the pneumatic mechanism 2, a buzzer 4 is arranged on the top of the device body 1, an air vent 5 is arranged on one side of the buzzer 4, a second controller 6 is arranged on the top of the device body 1, an air tightness detection valve 7 is arranged on one side of the second controller 6, a pressure instrument 8 is arranged on the surface of the air tightness detection valve 7, a spindle 9 is arranged inside the device body 1, a handle shaft 10 is arranged at one end of the spindle 9, a tool 11 is arranged at one end of the handle shaft 10, a taper shank 12 is arranged at the other end of the handle shaft 10, a taper hole 13 is arranged at one end of the spindle 9, a fit gap 14 exists between the taper shank 12 and the taper hole 13, an air cylinder 15 is arranged inside the pneumatic mechanism 2, and a push rod 16 is arranged at the bottom of the air cylinder 15, the bottom of the push rod 16 is provided with a sealing piston 17, the bottom of the sealing piston 17 is provided with a sealing groove 18, a through groove 19 is arranged between the fit clearance 14 and the sealing groove 18, dust collecting chambers 20 are arranged on two sides of the main shaft 9, dust filtering nets 21 are arranged inside the dust collecting chambers 20, an air pipe 22 is arranged inside the vent hole 5, and one end of the airtight detection valve 7 is provided with a high-pressure blowing pump 23.

In summary, the pneumatic mechanisms 2 are fixedly installed on the surfaces of the two sides of the equipment main body 1 through bolts, the pneumatic mechanisms 2 are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the equipment main body 1, the first controller 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the pneumatic mechanism 2 through bolts, the first controller 3 is electrically connected with an external power supply through a lead, and the pneumatic mechanism 2 controls the sealing state of the sealing groove 18 through electric power; the air tightness detection device comprises a buzzer 4, a second controller 6, an air tightness detection valve 7, a second controller 6 and an external power supply, wherein the buzzer 4 is fixedly installed at the top of the device main body 1 through bolts, the second controller 6 is fixedly installed at the top of the device main body 1 through bolts, the buzzer 4 is electrically connected with the second controller 6 through a lead, the air tightness detection valve 7 is electrically connected with the second controller 6 through a lead, the second controller 6 is electrically connected with the external power supply through a lead, and when an air pressure signal detected by the air tightness detection valve 7 becomes small, the buzzer 4 sends a reminding signal to remind an operator of detecting the air tightness of the tool 2 and the machine tool spindle 1 so that the operator can check whether impurities exist in time; the inner diameter of the main body 1 of the equipment is provided with a mounting hole matched with the outer diameter of the main shaft 9, the main shaft 9 is fixedly mounted in the main body 1 of the equipment in a penetrating and inserting mode, the main shaft, the cutter and the detection equipment are integrally designed, the structural design is reasonable, the space is saved, and the installation and the detection are convenient; the outer surface size of the taper shank 12 is matched with the inner surface size of the taper hole 13, the outer surface of the taper shank 12 is contacted with the inner surface of the taper hole 13, the handle shaft 10 is fixedly clamped with the main shaft 9 through the taper shank 12, and the cutter is tightly matched with the main shaft; the cylinder 15 is electrically connected with the first controller 3 through a lead, the cylinder 15 drives the sealing piston 17 to stretch and move through electric power, the inner diameter size of the sealing groove 18 is matched with the outer diameter size of the sealing piston 17, the sealing piston 17 is movably clamped in the sealing groove 18, the sealing piston 17 is connected with the sealing groove 18 in a sliding mode, and the sealing state of the sealing groove 18 is controlled through electric power drive of the cylinder 15; the fit clearance 14 is communicated with the seal groove 18 through the through groove 19, so that the foreign matter tight through groove 19 in the fit clearance 14 can be conveniently blown out to the inside of the dust collection chamber 20 at one side of the seal groove 18 through high-pressure airflow; the dust filter 21 is a metal dust filter, the dust filter 21 is spirally arranged in the dust collecting chamber 20 in a surrounding manner, and the dust filter 21 adsorbs and collects foreign matters or dust, so that the purpose of automatically removing the foreign matters in the fit clearance 14 is achieved; trachea 22 external diameter size and the internal diameter size looks adaptation of air vent 5, trachea 22 runs through to peg graft inside air vent 5, trachea 22 and airtight detection valve 7 fixed connection, airtight detection valve 7 outside is provided with high-pressure blower 23, airtight detection valve 7 passes through gas conduit and high-pressure blower 23 fixed connection, high-pressure blower 23 passes through wire and second controller 6 electric connection, air vent 5 is inside to run through and to set up trachea 22, trachea 22 is connected with high-pressure blower 23 through airtight detection valve 7, high-pressure blower 23 continuously blows in to air vent 5 through airtight detection valve 7, airtight detection valve 7 sets up in the gas circuit that high-pressure blower 23 and trachea 22 are connected, airtight detection valve 7 detects the change of self atmospheric pressure signal, come the inside foreign matter that exists of fit clearance 14 between automatic judgement taper shank 12 and the taper hole 13 through second controller 6.

The working use flow and the installation method of the structure are that when the machine tool spindle and the cutter tightness detection device are used, the spindle 9 and the cutter are fixedly installed in the device main body 1, and the spindle, the cutter and the detection device are designed integrally, so that the structural design is reasonable, the space is saved, and the installation and the detection are convenient; a taper shank 12 at one end of a handle shaft 10 is connected with a taper hole 13 at one end of a main shaft 9 in a matching way, a matching gap 14 is formed between the taper shank 12 and the taper hole 13, pneumatic mechanisms 2 are arranged at two sides of an equipment main body 1, an air cylinder 15 is arranged in each pneumatic mechanism 2, each air cylinder 15 is driven by an electric drive push rod 16 to stretch and retract, a sealing piston 17 is driven to be in sliding connection with a sealing groove 18, each sealing groove 18 is in through connection with the matching gap 14 through a through groove 19, an air passage between each sealing groove 18 and the through groove 19 is controlled by the stretching and retracting of the sealing piston 17, the sealing groove 18 is in a sealing state during air tightness detection, an air vent 5 is arranged through the top of the equipment main body 1 in a penetrating way, an air pipe 22 is arranged in each air vent 5 in a penetrating way, the air pipe 22 is connected with a high-pressure air blowing pump 23 through an air tightness detection valve 7, the high-pressure air blowing pump 23 continuously blows air into the air vent 5 through the air tightness detection valve 7, and the air passage connected with the air pipe 22, the air tightness detection valve 7 detects the change of the air pressure signal of the air tightness detection valve, whether foreign matters exist in the fit clearance 14 between the taper shank 12 and the taper hole 13 or not is automatically judged through the second controller 6, if the air tightness detection valve 7 detects that the air pressure signal of the air tightness detection valve is reduced, the fact that the foreign matters exist on the contact surface of the taper shank 12 or the taper hole 13 is proved, the second controller 6 automatically controls the machine tool to stop, the machine tool cannot run, the abrasion of a main shaft and a cutter of the machine tool is avoided, and the influence on the machining precision of a product is avoided; by arranging the pneumatic mechanisms 2 on two sides of the equipment main body 1, when the second controller 6 detects that foreign matters exist on the contact surface of the taper shank 12 or the taper hole 13, the push rod 16 is driven to contract through the air cylinder 15, so that an air passage is formed between the sealing groove 18 and the through groove 19, and the matching gap 14 and the dust collection chamber 20 are in a through connection state at the moment and pass through the second controller 6; the automatic control high pressure air blower 23 starts, the high pressure air flow is input into the fit clearance 14 through the air pipe 22, the foreign matters attached to the contact surface of the taper shank 12 or the taper hole 13 are blown out to the inside of the dust collection chamber 20 under the action of the high pressure air flow through the high pressure air flow, the foreign matters or dust are adsorbed and collected through the dust filter 21 inside the dust collection chamber 20, the purpose of automatically clearing the foreign matters inside the fit clearance 14 is achieved, the precision of the tool and the matching of the spindle is improved, the service life of the machine tool is prolonged, and the precision of products and the stability of product quality are improved. Through setting up bee calling organ 4 at equipment main part 1 top, when the atmospheric pressure signal that airtight inspection valve 7 detected becomes, send reminder signal through bee calling organ 4, remind operating personnel to detect cutter 2 and lathe main shaft 1's gas tightness to operating personnel in time looks over whether there is impurity.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a lathe main shaft and cutter leakproofness check out test set which characterized in that: comprises an equipment main body (1), wherein both sides of the equipment main body (1) are respectively provided with a pneumatic mechanism (2), the top of the pneumatic mechanism (2) is provided with a first controller (3), the top of the equipment main body (1) is provided with a buzzer (4), one side of the buzzer (4) is provided with an air vent (5), the top of the equipment main body (1) is provided with a second controller (6), one side of the second controller (6) is provided with an airtight detection valve (7), the surface of the airtight detection valve (7) is provided with a pressure instrument (8), a main shaft (9) is arranged inside the equipment main body (1), one end of the main shaft (9) is provided with a handle shaft (10), one end of the handle shaft (10) is provided with a cutter (11), the other end of the handle shaft (10) is provided with a taper shank (12), one end of the main shaft (9) is provided with a taper hole (13), the outer surface size of the taper shank (12) is matched with the inner surface size of the taper hole (13), the outer surface of the taper shank (12) is in contact with the inner surface of the taper hole (13), the handle shaft (10) is fixedly clamped with the spindle (9) through the taper shank (12), a fit clearance (14) is formed between the taper shank (12) and the taper hole (13), a cylinder (15) is arranged inside the pneumatic mechanism (2), a push rod (16) is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder (15), a sealing piston (17) is arranged at the bottom of the push rod (16), a sealing groove (18) is arranged at the bottom of the sealing piston (17), a through groove (19) is formed between the fit clearance (14) and the sealing groove (18), dust collection chambers (20) are arranged on two sides of the spindle (9), a dust filter screen (21) is arranged inside the dust collection chambers (20), and an air pipe (22) is arranged inside the vent hole (5), and a high-pressure blowing pump (23) is arranged at one end of the air tightness detection valve (7).

2. The machine tool spindle and tool tightness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: pneumatic mechanism (2) are through bolt fixed mounting at equipment main part (1) both sides surface, pneumatic mechanism (2) symmetric distribution is in equipment main part (1) both sides, bolt fixed mounting is passed through at pneumatic mechanism (2) top in first controller (3), first controller (3) pass through wire and external power source electric connection.

3. The machine tool spindle and tool tightness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: buzzer (4) are through bolt fixed mounting at equipment main part (1) top, second controller (6) are through bolt fixed mounting at equipment main part (1) top, airtight detection valve (7) are through bolt fixed mounting at equipment main part (1) top, buzzer (4) are through wire and second controller (6) electric connection, airtight detection valve (7) are through wire and second controller (6) electric connection, second controller (6) are through wire and external power source electric connection.

4. The machine tool spindle and tool tightness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the equipment is characterized in that a mounting hole matched with the main shaft (9) in the outer diameter is formed in the equipment main body (1), and the main shaft (9) penetrates through the equipment main body (1) and is fixedly mounted in the equipment main body in an inserting mode.

5. The machine tool spindle and tool tightness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylinder (15) passes through wire and first controller (3) electric connection, cylinder (15) are through flexible removal of electric drive sealing piston (17), seal groove (18) internal diameter size and sealing piston (17) external diameter size looks adaptation, sealing piston (17) activity joint is inside seal groove (18), sealing piston (17) and seal groove (18) sliding connection.

6. The machine tool spindle and tool tightness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fit clearance (14) is communicated with the seal groove (18) through a through groove (19).

7. The machine tool spindle and tool tightness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust filtering net (21) is a metal dust filtering net, and the dust filtering net (21) is spirally arranged in the dust collecting chamber (20) in a surrounding manner.

8. The machine tool spindle and tool tightness detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: trachea (22) external diameter size and air vent (5) internal diameter size looks adaptation, trachea (22) run through the grafting inside air vent (5), trachea (22) and airtight detection valve (7) fixed connection, airtight detection valve (7) outside is provided with high-pressure air blowing pump (23), airtight detection valve (7) pass through gas conduit and high-pressure air blowing pump (23) fixed connection, high-pressure air blowing pump (23) pass through wire and second controller (6) electric connection.