CN112588105A - Cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capability of plants - Google Patents
Cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capability of plants Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants, which comprises the following steps: step 1: screening indoor flower plants, and selecting healthy and stout plants; step 2: taking plant terminal buds in a greenhouse for cutting seedling; and step 3: after a period of seedling culture, formaldehyde volatile matters are put into the room; and 4, step 4: transferring the plants into a finished product room; and 5: the invention provides a cultivation method for promoting the formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants, which has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, long adsorption and degradation time, long utilization time, no secondary pollution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of indoor air pollution ecological management, in particular to a cultivation method for promoting the formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants.
Background
Plants are the main method for solving and controlling atmospheric air pollution in natural environment, many plants in nature have the special function of absorbing harmful gases, and the plants capture and absorb molecules of the harmful gases such as formaldehyde and the like through pores on the surfaces of leaves, skin pores on stems and pores in soil. The plant absorbs and decomposes harmful gases such as formaldehyde in the air through the fine relaxation and breathing of pores on the surface of the leaves, the characteristic that the formaldehyde is easily dissolved in water is applied, the formaldehyde is diffused into plant tissue cells, the plant also belongs to passive behavior, and after absorbing formaldehyde gas molecules, the plant can convert and decompose the formaldehyde by depending on a metabolic system in the body for avoiding poisoning.
In the process of long-term evolution, when encountering changeable climatic environment or soil environment, the plant can self-organize and adjust self behavior, start different genes, generate different physiological and biochemical metabolic systems to adapt to the change of environment so as to ensure the survival and the multiplication of self species, namely the ecological adaptability of the plant.
At present, most of researches on the absorption and degradation of formaldehyde by indoor flower green plants are on function tests, the capacity of absorbing and degrading formaldehyde by using the indoor flower green plants is only improved by increasing and decreasing the number of the indoor flower green plants, but most of plants are in a common greenhouse, cannot contact harmful gas, have degraded absorption and degradation functions on formaldehyde, have limited absorption and degradation capacity when being placed in an environment with excessive formaldehyde and are difficult to survive, the existing method for improving the capacity of absorbing and degrading formaldehyde by using indoor flower green plants adopts a transgenic means or chemical articles such as methanol, sodium tungstate and auxin to improve the capacity of absorbing formaldehyde by using the transgenic means, but the methods have the defects of harsh conditions, high price, complex operation, low purification efficiency, secondary pollution and the like, and the method has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, long absorption and degradation time and long-term utilization, no secondary pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, most of researches on the absorption and degradation of formaldehyde by indoor flower green plants are stopped on function tests, the absorption and degradation capabilities of formaldehyde by the indoor flower green plants are only improved by increasing and decreasing the number of the indoor flower green plants, but most of plants are degraded due to the fact that production environments are in common greenhouses, harmful gases cannot be contacted, the absorption and degradation capabilities of formaldehyde are limited and the plants cannot survive easily when being placed in environments with excessive formaldehyde, and the existing methods for improving the absorption and degradation capabilities of formaldehyde by the indoor flower green plants adopt transgenic means or utilize chemical articles such as methanol, sodium tungstate, auxin and the like to improve the absorption capabilities of the plants to formaldehyde, but have the defects of high conditions, high price, complex operation, low purification efficiency, secondary pollution and the like, and provide a method for promoting the absorption of formaldehyde by the plants, The cultivation method of the degradation capability has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, long adsorption and degradation time, long-term utilization, no secondary pollution and the like.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants comprises the following steps:
step 1
Screening indoor flower plants, and selecting healthy and stout plants;
step 2
Taking plant terminal buds in a greenhouse for cutting seedling;
step 3
After a period of seedling culture, formaldehyde volatile matters are put into the room;
step 4
Transferring the plants into a finished product room;
step 5
Continuously adding formaldehyde volatile matters into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber.
Preferably, the indoor flower plant is scindapsus aureus.
Preferably, the indoor flower plant is chlorophytum comosum.
Preferably, the indoor flower plant is ivy.
Preferably, the indoor flower plant is spatholobus suberectus.
Preferably, the indoor flower plant is lemon balm.
Preferably, formaldehyde volatiles with different concentrations are put in the step 3 in stages for the plant terminal buds which generate root systems in the step 2, grow healthily and enter the cuttage in the rapid growth period, and formaldehyde volatiles with different concentrations are put in the step 5 for the plants transferred into the finished product chamber in the step 4 in stages.
Preferably, the formaldehyde volatiles are 40% formaldehyde solutions.
Preferably, the formaldehyde volatile matter adding amount in the step 3 is initially controlled to be 0.10-0.15ml/m2In the range of 30-35 plant growthThe dosage is controlled at 0.15-0.20ml/m after day2In the range, the time for transferring into the finished greenhouse in the step 4 is 45-50 days for plant growth, and the finished greenhouse in the step 5 maintains the formaldehyde volatile matter adding amount to be 0.18-0.20ml/m2After the plants grow for 60 days, the amount of harmful gas put in the finished greenhouse is reduced to 0.10-0.15ml/m2。
Preferably, the formulated nano-TIQ 2 trace solution is sprayed on the foliage of plants periodically every week.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a special culture mode, so that different stages in the plant culture process are in environments with different formaldehyde concentrations, micro-excessive formaldehyde has stress effect on plants, plants with strong formaldehyde absorption and decomposition capability are produced by utilizing the biological adaptability of the plants, and because the production environment is in an environment simulating the indoor formaldehyde exceeding standard for a long time, the survival capability of the plants is stronger, the survival time is long, the long-term formaldehyde absorption can be solved by using less plants in a unit space, the related functions of the plants in air purification can be maximally stimulated, the contents of biological enzymes in plant leaves and root systems are enhanced, the plants are outstanding in the air purification function, the average purification rate of the plants is improved, meanwhile, the specially cultured plants are easier to survive in the environment with serious air pollution such as the finishing of decoration, and the strong air purification capability is rapidly exerted, the plant adaptability to the environment is enhanced, the photosynthesis function is enhanced, the light absorption utilization rate is increased, and the plant cultivated by the method can effectively utilize the light energy in the scattered light or weak light environment; the conduction rate in the plant cell is increased, the active ingredients of the cell are improved, and the decomposition and treatment capacity of harmful gas molecules is greatly enhanced; the adaptability of the plant to the strong polluted environment is enhanced, the plant can survive well in the severe air polluted environment and can be effectively absorbed and decomposed; can effectively relieve the peculiar smell generated by indoor harmful gas.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
Example 1
A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants comprises the following steps:
step 1
Screening indoor flower plants, and selecting healthy and stout plants, wherein the indoor flower plants are scindapsus aureus.
Step 2
Taking plant terminal buds in a greenhouse for cutting seedling; so that the root system is generated.
Step 3
And (3) putting formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations in stages for the plant terminal buds which generate root systems in the step (2), grow healthily and enter the rapid growth period for cuttage, wherein the initial putting amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters is controlled to be 0.10-0.15ml/m2Within the range, after the plants grow for 30-35 days, the adding amount of formaldehyde gas in the greenhouse is increased and controlled to be 0.15-0.20ml/m2In the range, the formaldehyde volatile matter is 40% formaldehyde solution, and can volatilize trace harmful gas for a long time and stimulate the capability of plants to decompose formaldehyde gas.
Step 4
Transferring the plants into a finished product room, and transferring the plants into a finished product greenhouse for 50 days
Step 5
Continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber, continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber in the step 4 in stages, and maintaining the feeding amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters to be 0.20ml/m in the finished product greenhouse2After the plants grow for 60 days, the amount of harmful gas put in the finished greenhouse is reduced to 0.15ml/m2Ensuring that the plants adapt to normal indoor environment when leaving the greenhouse.
The nano TIQ2 trace solution is regularly applied to plant leaf surfaces every week, the photosynthesis capability and the conduction speed of plants are enhanced, and the capability and the speed of plants for decomposing harmful gases are increased.
Example 2
A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants comprises the following steps:
step 1
Screening indoor flower plants, and selecting healthy and stout plants, wherein the indoor flower plants are chlorophytum comosum.
Step 2
Taking plant terminal buds in a greenhouse for cutting seedling; so that the root system is generated.
Step 3
And (3) putting formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations in stages for the plant terminal buds which generate root systems in the step (2), grow healthily and enter the rapid growth period for cuttage, wherein the initial putting amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters is controlled to be 0.10-0.15ml/m2Within the range, after the plants grow for 30-35 days, the adding amount of formaldehyde gas in the greenhouse is increased and controlled to be 0.15-0.20ml/m2In the range, the formaldehyde volatile matter is 40% formaldehyde solution, and can volatilize trace harmful gas for a long time and stimulate the capability of plants to decompose formaldehyde gas.
Step 4
Transferring the plants into a finished product room, and transferring the plants into a finished product greenhouse for 50 days
Step 5
Continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber, continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber in the step 4 in stages, and maintaining the feeding amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters to be 0.20ml/m in the finished product greenhouse2After the plants grow for 60 days, the amount of harmful gas put in the finished greenhouse is reduced to 0.15ml/m2Ensuring that the plants adapt to normal indoor environment when leaving the greenhouse.
The nano TIQ2 trace solution is regularly applied to plant leaf surfaces every week, the photosynthesis capability and the conduction speed of plants are enhanced, and the capability and the speed of plants for decomposing harmful gases are increased.
Example 3
A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants comprises the following steps:
step 1
Screening indoor flower plants, and selecting healthy and sturdy plants, wherein the indoor flower plants are evergreen.
Step 2
Taking plant terminal buds in a greenhouse for cutting seedling; so that the root system is generated.
Step 3
And (3) putting formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations in stages for the plant terminal buds which generate root systems in the step (2), grow healthily and enter the rapid growth period for cuttage, wherein the initial putting amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters is controlled to be 0.10-0.15ml/m2Within the range, after the plants grow for 30-35 days, the adding amount of formaldehyde gas in the greenhouse is increased and controlled to be 0.15-0.20ml/m2In the range, the formaldehyde volatile matter is 40% formaldehyde solution, and can volatilize trace harmful gas for a long time and stimulate the capability of plants to decompose formaldehyde gas.
Step 4
Transferring the plants into a finished product room, and transferring the plants into a finished product greenhouse for 50 days
Step 5
Continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber, continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber in the step 4 in stages, and maintaining the feeding amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters to be 0.20ml/m in the finished product greenhouse2After the plants grow for 60 days, the amount of harmful gas put in the finished greenhouse is reduced to 0.15ml/m2Ensuring that the plants adapt to normal indoor environment when leaving the greenhouse.
The nano TIQ2 trace solution is regularly applied to plant leaf surfaces every week, the photosynthesis capability and the conduction speed of plants are enhanced, and the capability and the speed of plants for decomposing harmful gases are increased.
Example 4
A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants comprises the following steps:
step 1
Screening indoor flower plants, and selecting healthy and stout plants, wherein the indoor flower plants are white palms.
Step 2
Taking plant terminal buds in a greenhouse for cutting seedling; so that the root system is generated.
Step 3
The terminal buds of the plants which generate root systems in the step 2, grow healthily and are subjected to cuttage in the rapid growth period are put in by stagesFormaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations are controlled to be 0.10-0.15ml/m in the initial feeding amount2Within the range, after the plants grow for 30-35 days, the adding amount of formaldehyde gas in the greenhouse is increased and controlled to be 0.15-0.20ml/m2In the range, the formaldehyde volatile matter is 40% formaldehyde solution, and can volatilize trace harmful gas for a long time and stimulate the capability of plants to decompose formaldehyde gas.
Step 4
Transferring the plants into a finished product room, and transferring the plants into a finished product greenhouse for 50 days
Step 5
Continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber, continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber in the step 4 in stages, and maintaining the feeding amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters to be 0.20ml/m in the finished product greenhouse2After the plants grow for 60 days, the amount of harmful gas put in the finished greenhouse is reduced to 0.15ml/m2Ensuring that the plants adapt to normal indoor environment when leaving the greenhouse.
The nano TIQ2 trace solution is regularly applied to plant leaf surfaces every week, the photosynthesis capability and the conduction speed of plants are enhanced, and the capability and the speed of plants for decomposing harmful gases are increased.
Example 5
A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants comprises the following steps:
step 1
Screening indoor flower plants, and selecting healthy and sturdy plants, wherein the indoor flower plants are lemon balm.
Step 2
Taking plant terminal buds in a greenhouse for cutting seedling; so that the root system is generated.
Step 3
And (3) putting formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations in stages for the plant terminal buds which generate root systems in the step (2), grow healthily and enter the rapid growth period for cuttage, wherein the initial putting amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters is controlled to be 0.10-0.15ml/m2In the range, after the plants grow for 30-35 days, the adding amount of formaldehyde gas in the greenhouse is increased and controlled to be 0.15-0.20ml/m2In the range, the formaldehyde volatile matter is 40% formaldehyde solution, and can volatilize trace harmful gas for a long time and stimulate the capability of plants to decompose formaldehyde gas.
Step 4
Transferring the plants into a finished product room, and transferring the plants into a finished product greenhouse for 50 days
Step 5
Continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber, continuously feeding formaldehyde volatile matters with different concentrations into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber in the step 4 in stages, and maintaining the feeding amount of the formaldehyde volatile matters to be 0.20ml/m in the finished product greenhouse2After the plants grow for 60 days, the amount of harmful gas put in the finished greenhouse is reduced to 0.15ml/m2Ensuring that the plants adapt to normal indoor environment when leaving the greenhouse.
The nano TIQ2 trace solution is regularly applied to plant leaf surfaces every week, the photosynthesis capability and the conduction speed of plants are enhanced, and the capability and the speed of plants for decomposing harmful gases are increased.
Carrying out data detection on lemon balm in the cultivation process
The SOD enzyme activity of the leaves is increased under the environment of 0.15, 0.5, 1.25 and 2.5 ml/cubic meter of formaldehyde concentration, which respectively reaches 1.13, 1.15, 1.25 and 1.36 times of lemon balm without formaldehyde stimulation.
The electric conductivity of the leaf increases sharply with the increase of the formaldehyde concentration under the environment with higher concentration, and the relative electric conductivity shows an increasing trend under the environment with 1.25ml of formaldehyde content and reaches 1.39 times on the fifth day.
Under the formaldehyde stress environment, the activity of the leaf POD enzyme is increased, under the formaldehyde stress environment of 0.15ml and 0.5ml, the activity of the POD enzyme reaches 26.3 percent and 35.6 percent respectively after the formaldehyde stress environment is stressed for 5 days, under the over-high concentration formaldehyde environment, the activity of the POD enzyme is in a descending trend, under the formaldehyde stress environment of 2.5ml, the activity of the POD enzyme is reduced by 10.25 percent compared with the control after the formaldehyde stress environment is stressed for 10 days.
The MDA content of the lemon balm leaf increases sharply with the increase of the formaldehyde concentration, and is 1.35 times, 1.75 times, 2.11 times and 2.56 times at the concentration of 0.15ml, 0.5ml, 1.25ml and 2.5ml respectively.
When a plant is under stress, cell membrane permeability can be used as a physiological characteristic to assess the plant's response to the contaminating environment. The MDA content variation trend and the relative conductivity variation trend of the lemon balm are the same under the formaldehyde stress environment, and the MDA content and the leaf damage rate are very obviously related, so that the increase of the MDA content is the physiological reaction of plants for resisting the formaldehyde stress.
SOD and POD are endogenous active oxygen radical scavengers of plants, and when the plants are stressed by adverse environment, the activities of the SOD and the POD can be greatly increased or maintained at a higher level, a certain proportion of free radicals are eliminated, and the membrane structure and the functions thereof are kept relatively stable. 5 days before the formaldehyde of the lemongrass is stressed, the activities of SOD and POD enzyme present an increasing trend, and as the stress time is prolonged, the activities of SOD and POD enzyme are obviously related to the damage rate of leaves, the content of MDA and the like, so the change of the activities can represent the physiological reaction of plants to the formaldehyde stress environment.
Under the stress of formaldehyde, cells can increase the accumulation of proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein, so that the osmotic potential in the cells can be regulated, the water balance can be maintained, and the activity of enzymes required by a plurality of important metabolic activities in the cells can be maintained. Experiments show that the content of the soluble sugar and the soluble protein of the lemongrass can be obviously increased at the early stage of the formaldehyde stress, but the content of the lemongrass in cells can be obviously reduced under the environment that the formaldehyde concentration exceeds 2.5ml along with the extension of the stress time.
According to the method, different stages of the plant cultivation process are in environments with different formaldehyde concentrations, the micro-excessive formaldehyde has a stress effect on the plants, the plants with strong formaldehyde absorption and decomposition capacity are produced by utilizing the biological adaptability of the plants, and the production environment is in the environment that the indoor formaldehyde exceeds the standard in a long-term simulation mode, so that the survival capacity of the plants is stronger, the survival time is long, the long-term adsorption of the formaldehyde can be realized by fewer plants in a unit space, the related functions of the plants in air purification can be stimulated to the maximum extent, the content of the biological enzymes in plant leaves and root systems is enhanced, the plants are enabled to show prominence on the air purification function, and the average purification rate of the plants is improved.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. The invention is therefore not to be limited to the specific details described herein, without departing from the general concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capability of plants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1
Screening indoor flower plants, and selecting healthy and stout plants;
step 2
Taking plant terminal buds in a greenhouse for cutting seedling;
step 3
After a period of seedling culture, formaldehyde volatile matters are put into the room;
step 4
Transferring the plants into a finished product room;
step 5
Continuously adding formaldehyde volatile matters into the plants transferred into the finished product chamber.
2. A cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the indoor flower plant is scindapsus aureus.
3. A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capability of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the indoor flower plant is Chlorophytum comosum.
4. A cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the indoor flower plant is ivy.
5. A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capability of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the indoor flower plant is white palm.
6. A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capability of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the indoor flower plants are lemon balm.
7. A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capacity of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein formaldehyde volatiles with different concentrations are put in stages to the plant apical buds which generate root systems in step 2, grow healthily and enter cuttage in a rapid growth period in step 3, and formaldehyde volatiles with different concentrations are put in stages to plants transferred into a finished product chamber in step 4 in step 5.
8. A cultivation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the formaldehyde volatile matter is 40% formaldehyde solution.
9. A cultivation method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the formaldehyde volatile matter is initially controlled to 0.10-0.15ml/m in the step 32In the range, the adding amount is controlled to be 0.15-0.20ml/m after the plant grows for 30-35 days2In the range, the time for transferring into the finished greenhouse in the step 4 is 45-50 days for plant growth, and the finished greenhouse in the step 5 maintains the formaldehyde volatile matter adding amount to be 0.18-0.20ml/m2After the plants grow for 60 days, the amount of harmful gas put in the finished greenhouse is reduced to 0.10-0.15ml/m2。
10. A cultivation method for promoting formaldehyde adsorption and degradation capability of plants as claimed in claim 8, wherein the formulated nano TIQ2 trace solution is periodically sprayed on the foliage of the plants every week.
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2020
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Application publication date: 20210402 |