CN112578179A - Power monitoring method - Google Patents

Power monitoring method Download PDF

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CN112578179A
CN112578179A CN202011548359.4A CN202011548359A CN112578179A CN 112578179 A CN112578179 A CN 112578179A CN 202011548359 A CN202011548359 A CN 202011548359A CN 112578179 A CN112578179 A CN 112578179A
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monitoring point
power monitoring
voltage
power
current
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CN112578179B (en
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龚立锋
陈泉
王东
张雪瑶
徐铭
唐轶
曹殿敏
朱吉锋
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Zhangjiagang Power Supply Branch Of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co ltd
Suzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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Zhangjiagang Power Supply Branch Of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co ltd
Suzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/001—Measuring real or reactive component; Measuring apparent energy
    • G01R21/002—Measuring real component
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a power monitoring method, which synchronously samples the voltage and current of each monitoring point, calculates the phasor value of the voltage and current of each monitoring point, extracts the corresponding positive sequence voltage, negative sequence voltage, positive sequence current phasor value and negative sequence current phasor value from the voltage and current phasor values, calculates the positive sequence voltage phasor value and the negative sequence voltage phasor value of each monitoring point by using the positive sequence voltage, negative sequence voltage, positive sequence current phasor value and the impedance of each section of a power supply wire, and finally calculates the positive sequence voltage phasor value and the negative sequence voltage phasor value of each power monitoring point according to the measurement calculation of each monitoring point, thereby calculating the active power of each power monitoring point. The invention is specially used for the occasions where power and electric quantity consumption need to be investigated and voltage measurement is difficult to implement in medium and high voltage power grids, can realize power monitoring when voltage measurement of a power monitoring point is lacked, and is easy to implement and low in cost.

Description

Power monitoring method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power measurement and metering, and particularly relates to a power monitoring method which is particularly suitable for places needing power measurement on a feed-out line of a high-voltage (10kV or more) power grid, and is particularly suitable for occasions needing load power measurement or electric quantity consumption survey temporarily outdoors.
Background
The measurement of the power and the metering of the electric quantity require the simultaneous measurement of the voltage and the current, however, considering the insulation distance, it is not very convenient to implement the voltage monitoring on the feed-out line of the high voltage (10kV and above) grid, since the measurement of the voltage requires the bridging of the two-phase feed-out line, the voltage difference being the line voltage. To this end, a power monitoring method is needed in the absence of a power monitoring point voltage measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power monitoring method when voltage measurement of a power monitoring point is missing, which is suitable for power monitoring when voltage measurement of the power monitoring point on a feed-out line of a high-voltage (10kV or above) power grid is missing, and is particularly suitable for occasions needing load power measurement or electric quantity consumption investigation temporarily outdoors.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method of power monitoring, comprising the steps of:
step 1: monitoring bus voltage at the secondary side of a voltage transformer of the substation, and monitoring current at a feed-out wire outlet and each power monitoring point of the substation;
step 2: synchronously sampling bus voltage, outlet current of a feed-out wire and current of each power monitoring point, calculating phase voltage magnitude according to the sampled bus voltage, calculating outlet current magnitude of the feed-out wire according to the sampled outlet current of the feed-out wire, and calculating corresponding current magnitude of the power monitoring point according to the sampled current of each power monitoring point;
and step 3: calculating a positive sequence voltage vector and a negative sequence voltage vector of a bus according to the phase voltage magnitude, calculating a positive sequence current vector and a negative sequence current vector of a feed-out wire outlet according to the feed-out wire outlet current vector value, and calculating a positive sequence current vector and a negative sequence current vector of each power monitoring point according to the power monitoring point current vector value;
and 4, step 4: calculating the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of each power monitoring point according to the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector of each power monitoring point;
and 5: and calculating the active power of each power monitoring point according to the positive sequence current vector, the negative sequence current vector, the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of each power monitoring point.
In the step 2, the method for calculating the phase voltage magnitude, the feed-out line outlet current magnitude and the power monitoring point current magnitude is as follows:
Figure BDA0002856404180000021
Figure BDA0002856404180000022
Figure BDA0002856404180000023
Figure BDA0002856404180000024
Figure BDA0002856404180000025
Figure BDA0002856404180000026
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002856404180000027
for the phase voltage magnitude, uAB(k)、uCB(k) For the bus voltage sampled, superscripts S, L indicate the source side and load side respectively,
Figure BDA0002856404180000028
the current vector value is represented by i being 0, the outlet of the feed line is represented by i being 1,2, …, n is the serial number of the power monitoring point,
Figure BDA0002856404180000029
the sampling currents are respectively, and N is the number of sampling points of the bus voltage, the outlet current of the feed-out line and the current of each power monitoring point in one fundamental wave period.
In the step 3, the positive sequence voltage vector of the bus is calculated
Figure BDA00028564041800000210
And negative sequence voltage vector
Figure BDA00028564041800000211
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00028564041800000212
in the step 3, a positive sequence current vector is calculated
Figure BDA00028564041800000213
And negative sequence current vector
Figure BDA00028564041800000214
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00028564041800000215
Figure BDA00028564041800000216
in the step 4, the positive sequence voltage of each power monitoring point is calculated
Figure BDA00028564041800000217
And negative sequence voltage
Figure BDA00028564041800000218
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002856404180000031
in the formula:
Figure BDA0002856404180000032
the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector of the power supply side of the jth power monitoring point are respectively,
Figure BDA0002856404180000033
Figure BDA0002856404180000034
the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector R of the load side of the j-1 th power monitoring point are respectivelyj-1、Xj-1The wire resistance and reactance between the jth power monitoring point and the jth-1 power monitoring point are respectively, j is a serial number, and j is 1-i.
In the step 5, the method for calculating the active power of each power monitoring point includes:
Figure BDA0002856404180000035
Pi＝Pi S-Pi L
in the formula: pi S、Pi LThe power source side active power and the load side active power, P, of the ith power monitoring point are respectivelyiThe active power of the ith power monitoring point,
Figure BDA0002856404180000036
the power supply side positive sequence power factor and the negative sequence power factor of the ith power monitoring point respectively,
Figure BDA0002856404180000037
and the power factors are respectively the positive sequence power factor and the negative sequence power factor of the load side of the ith power monitoring point.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the invention is specially used for the occasions where power and electric quantity consumption need to be investigated and voltage measurement is difficult to implement in medium and high voltage power grids, can realize power monitoring when voltage measurement of a power monitoring point is lacked, and is easy to implement and low in cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topological diagram of the installation of equipment in the practice of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings to which the invention is attached.
The first embodiment is as follows: a method of power monitoring, comprising the steps of:
step 1: the bus voltage is monitored at the secondary side of a voltage transformer of the substation, and the current is monitored at the outlet of a feed-out wire of the substation and each power monitoring point.
Step 2: the method comprises the steps of sampling bus voltage, outlet current of a feed-out wire and current of each power monitoring point, calculating phase voltage magnitude according to the sampled bus voltage, calculating outlet current magnitude of the feed-out wire according to the sampled outlet current of the feed-out wire, and calculating current magnitude of the corresponding power monitoring point according to the sampled current of each power monitoring point. Here, the bus voltage and the current at each power monitoring point are at different points but must be sampled synchronously.
The method for calculating the phase voltage magnitude, the feed-out line outlet current magnitude and the power monitoring point current magnitude comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002856404180000041
Figure BDA0002856404180000042
Figure BDA0002856404180000043
Figure BDA0002856404180000044
Figure BDA0002856404180000045
Figure BDA0002856404180000046
in the above formula:
Figure BDA0002856404180000047
is a phase voltage magnitude, uAB(k)、uCB(k) For the sampled bus voltage, superscripts S, L indicate the source side and load side respectively,
Figure BDA0002856404180000048
the current vector value is represented by i being 0, the outlet of the feed line is represented by i being 1,2, …, n is the serial number of the power monitoring point,
Figure BDA0002856404180000049
the sampling currents are respectively, and N is the number of sampling points of bus voltage, outlet current of a feed-out line and current of each power monitoring point in a fundamental wave period.
And step 3: and calculating a positive sequence voltage vector and a negative sequence voltage vector of the bus according to the phase voltage magnitude, calculating a positive sequence current vector and a negative sequence current vector of the outlet of the feed line according to the current vector value of the outlet of the feed line, and calculating the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector of each power monitoring point according to the current direction magnitude of the power monitoring point.
Calculating a positive sequence voltage vector of a bus
Figure BDA00028564041800000410
And negative sequence voltage vector
Figure BDA00028564041800000411
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00028564041800000412
by
Figure BDA00028564041800000413
Solving to obtain three-phase voltage:
Figure BDA00028564041800000414
positive sequence, negative sequence voltage:
Figure BDA00028564041800000415
and
Figure BDA00028564041800000416
wherein:
Figure BDA00028564041800000417
Figure BDA00028564041800000418
obtaining:
Figure BDA00028564041800000419
and
Figure BDA00028564041800000420
calculating a positive sequence current vector
Figure BDA00028564041800000421
And negative sequence current vector
Figure BDA00028564041800000422
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002856404180000051
by
Figure BDA0002856404180000052
And
Figure BDA0002856404180000053
obtaining:
Figure BDA0002856404180000054
and 4, step 4: and calculating the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of each power monitoring point according to the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector of each power monitoring point.
Calculating the positive sequence voltage of each power monitoring point
Figure BDA0002856404180000055
And negative sequence voltage
Figure BDA0002856404180000056
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002856404180000057
in formula (3):
Figure BDA0002856404180000058
respectively is a positive sequence current vector and a negative sequence current vector of the power supply side of the jth power monitoring point,
Figure BDA0002856404180000059
the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector R of the load side of the j-1 th power monitoring point are respectivelyj-1、Xj-1The wire resistance and reactance between the jth power monitoring point and the jth-1 power monitoring point are respectively, j is a serial number, and j is 1-i.
And 5: and calculating the active power of each power monitoring point according to the positive sequence current vector, the negative sequence current vector, the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of each power monitoring point.
The method for calculating the active power of each power monitoring point comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00028564041800000510
Pi＝Pi S-Pi L (5)
in the formulae (4) and (5): pi S、Pi LThe power supply side active power and the load side active power are respectively the ith power monitoring point, PiIs the active power of the ith power monitoring point,
Figure BDA00028564041800000511
the power supply side positive sequence power factor and the negative sequence power factor of the ith power monitoring point respectively,
Figure BDA00028564041800000512
the power factors of the load side positive sequence and the negative sequence of the ith power monitoring point are respectively.
Although the currents of the loads of the operating grid are generally asymmetric, so that the voltages of the power monitoring points are also not symmetric, we can decompose them into 2 symmetric components, namely positive-sequence and negative-sequence symmetric components. According to the superposition principle of linear circuits, positive sequence current and negative sequence current and voltage can be respectively and independently calculated in 2 symmetrical circuits and then added to obtain total voltage and current. For example, the voltage and current of phase a can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002856404180000061
according to the definition of power, the voltage and the current of one port are same-frequency sinusoidal quantities, and the instantaneous power of the port is the product of the instantaneous values of the voltage and the current, namely the A-phase absorbed power is as follows:
pA＝uA(t)·iA(t)＝[u1A(t)+u2A(t)]·[i1A(t)+i2A(t)]
＝u1A(t)·i1A(t)+u1A(t)·i2A(t)+u2A(t)·i1A(t)+u2A(t)·i2A(t)
the average power for one cycle is:
Figure BDA0002856404180000062
here:
Figure BDA0002856404180000063
therefore, the three-phase power of the power source side and the load side of the power monitoring point is:
Figure BDA0002856404180000064
and the power consumed by the branch load of the power monitoring point is the difference between the three-phase power of the power supply side and the three-phase power of the load side:
Pi＝Pi S-Pi L (5)
the above method may be implemented in accordance with the installation topology of fig. 1. A secondary voltage of a 10kV bus is obtained at a PT position of the 10kV bus in a substation, a voltage collector is installed, 2n pairs of current collectors are respectively installed at a feed-out line outlet (i is 0) of the substation and power monitoring points (i is 1-n) which are branching points of each current, wherein F is a power monitoring load. Theoretically, all current branching points should be provided with 2 pairs of current collectors, but in practice, points with small branching current can be skipped without installation, which brings a little influence on the accuracy of power monitoring, but because the formula (3) adopts the average value of the current on the power supply side of the monitoring point and the current on the front pair of load sides to correct the voltage of the monitoring point, and meanwhile, because the branching current is small, the influence on the estimated voltage of each monitoring point is small, and therefore, the generated error is small. Each voltage and current collector transmits collected data to a server by adopting wireless communication (which can be a Rola communication system, or an NB narrowband communication system, or other communication systems), and then calculates the power consumed by each monitoring point needing power according to formulas (1) to (5) of the method, and simultaneously measures the power consumption of each monitoring point.
The beneficial effect of this scheme lies in: the power measurement must obtain the voltage and current information of the power measurement point, and in the case of medium and high voltage, because the voltage measurement needs to be performed across two points bearing the full voltage, in the outdoor, especially temporary use occasion, the implementation is difficult or the implementation cost is high in consideration of the insulation safety distance. The invention has the advantages that the invention is specially used for occasions where power and electric quantity consumption need to be investigated and voltage measurement is difficult to implement in medium-high voltage power grids.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method of power monitoring, comprising: the power monitoring method comprises the following steps:
step 1: monitoring bus voltage at the secondary side of a voltage transformer of the substation, and monitoring current at a feed-out wire outlet and each power monitoring point of the substation;
step 2: synchronously sampling bus voltage, outlet current of a feed-out wire and current of each power monitoring point, calculating phase voltage magnitude according to the sampled bus voltage, calculating outlet current magnitude of the feed-out wire according to the sampled outlet current of the feed-out wire, and calculating corresponding current magnitude of the power monitoring point according to the sampled current of each power monitoring point;
and step 3: calculating a positive sequence voltage vector and a negative sequence voltage vector of a bus according to the phase voltage magnitude, calculating a positive sequence current vector and a negative sequence current vector of a feed-out wire outlet according to the feed-out wire outlet current vector value, and calculating a positive sequence current vector and a negative sequence current vector of each power monitoring point according to the power monitoring point current vector value;
and 4, step 4: calculating the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of each power monitoring point according to the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector of each power monitoring point;
and 5: and calculating the active power of each power monitoring point according to the positive sequence current vector, the negative sequence current vector, the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of each power monitoring point.
2. A power monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, the method for calculating the phase voltage magnitude, the feed-out line outlet current magnitude and the power monitoring point current magnitude is as follows:
Figure FDA0002856404170000011
Figure FDA0002856404170000012
Figure FDA0002856404170000013
Figure FDA0002856404170000014
Figure FDA0002856404170000015
Figure FDA0002856404170000016
in the formula:
Figure FDA0002856404170000017
for the phase voltage magnitude, uAB(k)、uCB(k) For the bus voltage sampled, superscripts S, L indicate the source side and load side respectively,
Figure FDA0002856404170000018
the current vector value is represented by i being 0, the outlet of the feed line is represented by i being 1,2, …, n is the serial number of the power monitoring point,
Figure FDA0002856404170000019
the sampling currents are respectively, and N is the number of sampling points of the bus voltage, the outlet current of the feed-out line and the current of each power monitoring point in one fundamental wave period.
3. A power monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein: in the step 3, the positive sequence voltage vector of the bus is calculated
Figure FDA0002856404170000021
And negative sequenceVector of voltage
Figure FDA0002856404170000022
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002856404170000023
in the step 3, a positive sequence current vector is calculated
Figure FDA0002856404170000024
And negative sequence current vector
Figure FDA0002856404170000025
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002856404170000026
Figure FDA0002856404170000027
4. a power monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein: in the step 4, the positive sequence voltage of each power monitoring point is calculated
Figure FDA0002856404170000028
And negative sequence voltage
Figure FDA0002856404170000029
The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA00028564041700000210
in the formula:
Figure FDA00028564041700000211
the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector of the power supply side of the jth power monitoring point are respectively,
Figure FDA00028564041700000212
Figure FDA00028564041700000213
the positive sequence current vector and the negative sequence current vector R of the load side of the j-1 th power monitoring point are respectivelyj-1、Xj-1The wire resistance and reactance between the jth power monitoring point and the jth-1 power monitoring point are respectively, j is a serial number, and j is 1-i.
5. A power monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step 5, the method for calculating the active power of each power monitoring point includes:
Figure FDA00028564041700000214
Pi＝Pi S-Pi L
in the formula: pi S、Pi LThe power source side active power and the load side active power, P, of the ith power monitoring point are respectivelyiThe active power of the ith power monitoring point,
Figure FDA00028564041700000215
the power supply side positive sequence power factor and the negative sequence power factor of the ith power monitoring point respectively,
Figure FDA00028564041700000216
and the power factors are respectively the positive sequence power factor and the negative sequence power factor of the load side of the ith power monitoring point.
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