CN110007195B - SCADA bad data eliminating method and system based on current unbalance - Google Patents

SCADA bad data eliminating method and system based on current unbalance Download PDF

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CN110007195B
CN110007195B CN201910359684.7A CN201910359684A CN110007195B CN 110007195 B CN110007195 B CN 110007195B CN 201910359684 A CN201910359684 A CN 201910359684A CN 110007195 B CN110007195 B CN 110007195B
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CN110007195A (en
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张亚萍
陈云龙
程婷婷
李军田
王艳玫
刘勇超
高荣华
赵雪
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
Marketing Service Center of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a system for eliminating SCADA bad data based on the current unbalance of a power transmission line, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining SCADA measurement data at two ends of a line to be measured; converting the metrology data into single-phase metrology data; acquiring ground-to-ground sodium-capacity parameters of a line to be detected, and setting the length of a confidence interval; and calculating the unbalance amount of the current of the line to be measured according to the single-phase measurement data, determining the end point of the confidence interval, and removing the measurement data distributed outside the confidence interval. The system is communicated with the regulation and control center, and the SCADA measurement data with the bad data removed is sent to the regulation and control center. The method does not need to establish a complex equation, is simple, can quickly and accurately eliminate bad data, and has wide application range.

Description

SCADA bad data eliminating method and system based on current unbalance
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system operation data processing, in particular to a method and a system for eliminating SCADA bad data based on current unbalance.
Background
A Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system is one of the important components of an electrical power system. The SCADA measurement data is an important basis for monitoring the implementation condition of orderly power utilization, is a basis for state estimation, load flow calculation and load prediction of the power system, and plays an important role in safe and stable operation of the power system.
The accuracy of the data is influenced by the asynchronization of SCADA acquired data and the error of A/D conversion. With the continuous expansion of the scale of an electric power system, large-scale distributed power sources such as photovoltaic power, wind power and the like are connected into a power grid, so that the influences of large voltage fluctuation of the power grid, reduction of the power quality of the power grid and the like are caused, the probability of occurrence of bad data in the system is improved, and the scheme establishment and effect evaluation of ordered power utilization, demand side response and the like are influenced.
At present, in order to improve the accuracy of measured data and reject bad measured data, a great deal of research is done on the rejection method of measured data at home and abroad. In the patent "a bad data detection and identification method based on PMU Measurement and SCADA Measurement", it is proposed to eliminate bad data based on SCADA Measurement data and PMU (synchronous vector Measurement Unit) Measurement data, but this method is not applicable to outgoing lines only installed with a SCADA system. In a patent SCADA bad data filtering method based on reactive power loss of an electric power system, a bad data eliminating method based on reactive power is provided, and in an actual electric power system, the reactive power is obtained through calculation of collected electric quantity sent by a voltage transformer and a current transformer. And the reactive power in the SCADA system has larger error relative to the current phasor under the influence of the time difference of the SCADA system. In the disclosure of "bad data monitoring and identification method for power system", a bad data monitoring and identification method is proposed. The method applies a multidimensional nonlinear function to monitor and identify bad data of the system on the basis of Kalman filtering. The method is complex, is mainly used in a simulation system, and has poor engineering practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a system for eliminating SCADA bad data based on current unbalance, and aims to solve the problems of poor practicability and large error of the existing method.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention discloses the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for eliminating SCADA bad data based on the current unbalance of a power transmission line, which comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining SCADA measurement data at two ends of the line to be measured;
s2, converting the measured data into single-phase measured data;
s3, acquiring the ground-to-ground electric parameter of the line to be tested, and setting the length of a confidence interval;
and S4, calculating the unbalance amount of the line current to be measured according to the single-phase measurement data, determining the end point of the confidence interval, and eliminating the measurement data distributed outside the confidence interval.
Further, in step S1, measurement data is acquired every fixed time interval; the confidence interval in step S4 is used to detect the measured data acquired in all current time periods.
Further, the SCADA measurement data comprises a voltage amplitude, a current amplitude and active power at two ends of the line to be measured.
Further, the specific process of calculating the current unbalance amount of the line to be measured includes:
calculating power angles of measured data at two ends of the line to be measured;
based on a KCL principle, respectively calculating transition currents at two ends of a line to be detected;
and calculating the current unbalance amount of the current period according to the transition current amplitude.
Further, the specific process of determining the confidence interval endpoint is as follows:
calculating the average value of the current unbalance amount in N time periods
Figure 275686DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
And the standard deviation S;
the confidence interval is determined as
Figure 356775DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And λ is the length of the confidence interval.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a system for removing SCADA bad data based on the amount of current unbalance of a power transmission line, the system comprises,
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring SCADA measurement data and ground-to-ground susceptance parameters at two ends of the line to be measured;
the data preprocessing module is used for converting the data on the two sides into single-phase measurement data;
the precision measurement module is used for setting the length of the confidence interval;
and the operation processing module is used for calculating the unbalance amount of the current of the line to be measured according to the single-phase measurement data, determining the end point of the confidence interval and rejecting the measurement data distributed outside the confidence interval.
Further, the system is in communication with a regulatory center.
The effect provided in the summary of the invention is only the effect of the embodiment, not all the effects of the invention, and one of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
by taking the current unbalance of the power transmission line as an evaluation index, bad data in the measured data can be accurately eliminated. The calculation process is simple, the accuracy is high, and the method can be applied to actual engineering. The accuracy of the measured data is improved, and the accuracy of programming and effect evaluation of schemes such as ordered power utilization, demand side response and the like is further improved. The method is also suitable for the Measurement data of a WAMS (Wide Area Measurement System) System aiming at the SCADA Measurement data, and has Wide application range.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the line under test according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of measured data current imbalance;
FIG. 4 is a graph of current imbalance distribution for simulation data;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. It should be noted that the components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and procedures are omitted so as to not unnecessarily limit the invention.
The invention utilizes the voltage amplitude, the current amplitude, the active power and the susceptance parameter of the line at two ends of the line to obtain the current unbalance of the line, further obtain the confidence interval of the measured data based on the current unbalance, judge the effectiveness of the measured data and reject the bad measured data. The transition currents of the lines are calculated from two different line nodes. Based on that transition currents calculated by 2 different nodes on the same line are equal, when the difference between the transition currents and the difference is large, the effectiveness of the SCADA data at the section is low, and bad data are removed according to a confidence interval.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for removing the SCADA bad data based on the amount of current unbalance of the power transmission line of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, obtaining SCADA measurement data at two ends of the line to be measured;
s2, converting the measured data into single-phase measured data;
s3, acquiring the ground-to-ground electric parameter of the line to be tested, and setting the length of a confidence interval;
and S4, calculating the unbalance amount of the line current to be measured according to the single-phase measurement data, determining the end point of the confidence interval, and eliminating the measurement data distributed outside the confidence interval.
In step S1, the acquired measurement data includes the voltage amplitude, the current amplitude, and the active power at the two ends of the line to be measured, and the measurement data is acquired once every fixed time period, for example, the data acquisition interval is set to 1 minute. The current flow is shown in figure 2. The embodiment comprises N time periods, the value of N can be determined according to the actual current transformation range, and if the electricity consumption demand is large in the first time period of a certain day, the corresponding current is large; if the power demand is small in the second time period, the corresponding current is small, the first time period and the second time period can be calculated separately, i.e. the operations of steps S1-S4 are performed separately, for example, N sampling periods are set in the first time period, taking the measurement data of the first time period as an example, the obtained measurement data are as shown in table 1 below,
U1(kV) I1(A) P1(MW) U2 (kV) I2(A) P2 (MW)
304.414 479.743 405.096 303.894 468.756 -404.5
TABLE 1
In the context of table 1, the following,U 1（kV）、I 1(A) andP 1(MW) are phase voltage, phase current and three-phase active power of the side of the line 1 to be tested respectively;U 2（kV）、I 2(A) andP 2and (MW) are phase voltage, phase current and three-phase active power of the side of the line 2 to be tested respectively.
In step S2, the data obtained in step S1 is preprocessed, the SCADA data read from the actual power system is three-phase data, and the three-phase measurement data at both ends of the line are collectively converted into single-phase measurement data. The active power P is divided by 3 to convert the three phases into a single phase; and converting the measurement unit of the current from A to kA. Taking the measurement data in table 1 as an example, the measurement data after being preprocessed is shown in table 2.
U1(kV) I1(kA) P1(MW) U2 (kV) I2(kA) P2 (MW)
304.414 0.480 135.032 303.894 0.469 -134.833
TABLE 2
In step S3, the ground-to-ground parameter of the current test line is obtainedB 1In this embodiment, the ground susceptance of the line to be tested isB 1 =7.377×10 -5Omega. While setting the length lambda of the confidence interval. The accuracy of the result is determined by the value of lambda, and the smaller the value of lambda is, the higher the accuracy is. In the present example, the length of the confidence interval λ = 5. The operation of step S3 may be performed before step S4.
In step S4, during actual operation, the voltage phase angle difference between the measured data at the two ends 1 and 2 of the line is very small, and is almost 0, by analyzing a large amount of SCADA measured data at the two ends of the line. Therefore, to simplify the calculation process, it is assumed that the 1-side voltage phase angle is 0 degrees and the 2-side voltage phase angle is 0 degrees.
Firstly, calculating the power angle of the measured data at two sides of the line to be measured. And calculating the power angle alpha of the measured data at the two ends of the line according to the voltage U, the current I and the active power P in the measured data. The calculation formula is as follows:
line 1 side power angle:
Figure 34881DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
（1）
line 2-side power angle:
Figure 594038DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
（2）
taking the first time period measurement data as an example, the power angle at two ends of the line is calculated according to the formulas (1) and (2)
Figure 791933DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
。
The transition current of the line is then calculated. According to FIG. 2, as can be seen from the KCL (Kirchhoff laws, Kirchhoff's Law) principle,
the KCL equation is listed for the points of (i),
Figure 512764DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
（3）
the KCL equation is listed for the point II,
Figure 943745DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
（4）
whereinU 1、I 1The voltage and current amplitude, alpha, of the line 1 terminal1Is the power angle, beta, of the 1 end of the line1Is the terminal voltage phase angle of the line 1; whereinU 2、I 2The voltage and current amplitude, alpha, of the line 2 terminal2Power angle, beta, of line 2 terminal2Is the terminal voltage phase angle of line 2;jrepresenting the imaginary part of the complex number.
Assuming that the phase angle of the voltages at both ends of the line is 0, the equations (1) and (2) can be equivalent to the following equations (5) and (6),
Figure 775435DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 608262DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is called as formed byA transition current with the 1 terminal directed to the 2 terminal,
Figure 752192DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
referred to as a transition current from terminal 2 to terminal 1. Taking the measured data of the first time interval as an example, the current phasor obtained by calculation is,
Figure 404890DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
and then calculating the unbalance amount of the current of the line to be measured. In the ideal case, the currents are equal in magnitude, i.e.I 12=I 21And the amplitude of the transition current flowing from the 1 terminal to the 2 terminal is equal to the amplitude of the transition current flowing from the 2 terminal to the 1 terminal. Due to the presence of the error(s),I 12andI 21with errors, called unbalance of currentE. The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 305850DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
（7）
using the measured data of the first time interval as the current unbalance amount
Figure 462025DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
I.e. the amount of current imbalance for the first period of timeE=0.011kA。
Compute one by oneNThe current unbalance amount in each time period is calculated, and the average value and the standard deviation of the current unbalance amount in the first time period are calculated. According to the amount of current unbalance of each time periodE，NAverage value of current unbalance amount in each period
Figure 790238DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Standard deviation S. The calculation formula is as follows,
Figure 415385DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
getN=448, current unbalanceAverage value of quantity
Figure 120036DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
。
Finally, a calculation formula according to the confidence interval
Figure 661876DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Calculating the end point value of the confidence interval to obtain the confidence interval, wherein the confidence interval for measuring the current unbalance amount of the data is [0.3588A, 18.08A ] in the embodiment]. As shown in fig. 3, two horizontal lines parallel to the horizontal axis in the figure represent confidence intervals according to which 1 data point in this example is distributed outside the confidence interval, marked with an "O" in the figure. And the measured data corresponding to the two data points has poor validity and is removed.
In order to verify the using effect of the method, the following calculation example is designed to verify the effectiveness of the method. Assume that the line-to-ground capacitance parameter B1=7.377 × 10-5 Ω in fig. 2. The SCADA measurement data at two ends of a certain period of time is shown in the following table 3,
Figure 895411DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
TABLE 3
In the measurement data of table 3, random errors are added at a certain time interval to form SCADA simulation measurement data with different measurement errors at multiple time intervals. The error types are: the active power of a certain time period at two ends of the line a has an error of 5%. As shown in the following table 4,
type of error Period of bad data Bad data current unbalance amount
a 3 -0.663
TABLE 4
As can be seen from the simulation results shown in fig. 4, the bad measurement data a can be effectively identified and marked with "O".
Compared with the existing bad data eliminating method, the method does not need to establish a complex equation, is simple and can quickly eliminate the bad data; the method is mainly applied to SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) measurement data, is also applicable to WAMS measurement data (the characteristics of the WAMS measurement data are similar to those of the SCADA measurement data, and the WAMS measurement data are higher than the SCADA measurement data, and the WAMS measurement data contain time synchronization, namely the WAMS measurement data contain angles), and has wide application range; through the analysis of the specific examples, the method can be applied to actual engineering, the accuracy of the measured data is improved, and references are provided for state estimation, load flow calculation and the like.
As shown in fig. 5, the SCADA bad data eliminating system based on the amount of current unbalance of the power transmission line of the present invention includes a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, an accuracy measurement module, and an operation processing module. The data acquisition module is used for acquiring SCADA measurement data and ground-to-ground sodium-capacity parameters at two ends of a line to be measured; the data preprocessing module is used for converting the data on the two sides into single-phase measurement data; the precision measurement module is used for setting the length of the confidence interval; and the operation processing module is used for calculating the unbalance amount of the current of the line to be measured according to the single-phase measurement data, determining the end point of the confidence interval and rejecting the measurement data distributed outside the confidence interval.
The system of the invention is communicated with the regulation and control center, and sends the SCADA measurement data with the bad data removed to the regulation and control center.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The method for eliminating the SCADA bad data based on the current unbalance of the power transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, obtaining SCADA measurement data at two ends of the line to be measured, wherein the SCADA measurement data comprise voltage amplitude, current amplitude and active power at two ends of the line to be measured;
s2, converting the measured data into single-phase measured data;
s3, acquiring the ground-to-ground electric parameter of the line to be tested, and setting the length of a confidence interval;
s4, calculating the unbalance amount of the line current to be measured according to the single-phase measurement data, determining the end point of the confidence interval, and eliminating the measurement data distributed outside the confidence interval;
the specific process of calculating the current unbalance amount of the line to be measured comprises the following steps:
calculating power angles of measured data at two ends of the line to be measured;
based on a KCL principle, respectively calculating transition currents at two ends of a line to be detected;
calculating the current unbalance amount of the current time period according to the transition current amplitude;
the transition current is specifically as follows:
the KCL equation is listed for the points of (i) according to the KCL principle,
Figure 533394DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
the KCL equation is listed for the point II,
Figure 756565DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
whereinU 1、I 1The voltage and current amplitude, alpha, of the line 1 terminal1Is the power angle, beta, of the 1 end of the line1Is the terminal voltage phase angle of the line 1; whereinU 2、I 2The voltage and current amplitude, alpha, of the line 2 terminal2Power angle, beta, of line 2 terminal2Is the terminal voltage phase angle of line 2;jrepresenting the imaginary part, B, of the complex number1Is a ground-to-ground sodium parameter;
assuming that the phase angle of the voltage at two ends of the line is 0, there is
Figure 962418DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 954645DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
for a transition current from terminal 1 to terminal 2,
Figure 604063DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
is a transition current from the 2 terminal to the 1 terminal;
amount of current unbalanceEThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure 580110DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
I 12the amplitude of the transition current flowing from the 1 terminal to the 2 terminal,I 21the amplitude of the transition current flowing from the 2 terminal to the 1 terminal.
2. The SCADA bad data eliminating method based on the transmission line current unbalance amount according to claim 1,
in step S1, measurement data is acquired every fixed time interval; the confidence interval in step S4 is used to detect the measured data acquired in all current time periods.
3. The SCADA bad data eliminating method based on the electric transmission line current unbalance amount according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of determining the confidence interval end point is as follows:
calculating the average value of the current unbalance amount in N time periods
Figure 324075DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
And the standard deviation S;
the confidence interval is determined as
Figure 436387DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
And λ is the length of the confidence interval.
4. An SCADA bad data eliminating system based on the current unbalance of a power transmission line is characterized by comprising,
the system comprises a data acquisition module, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) measurement data and ground-to-ground susceptance parameters at two ends of a line to be measured, and the SCADA measurement data comprises a voltage amplitude, a current amplitude and active power at two ends of the line to be measured;
the data preprocessing module is used for converting the measurement data into single-phase measurement data;
the precision measurement module is used for setting the length of the confidence interval;
the operation processing module is used for calculating the unbalance amount of the current of the line to be measured according to the single-phase measurement data, determining the end point of the confidence interval and rejecting the measurement data distributed outside the confidence interval;
the calculating of the current unbalance amount of the line to be measured comprises the following steps:
calculating power angles of measured data at two ends of the line to be measured;
based on a KCL principle, respectively calculating transition currents at two ends of a line to be detected;
calculating the current unbalance amount of the current time period according to the transition current amplitude;
the transition current is specifically as follows:
the KCL equation is listed for the points of (i) according to the KCL principle,
Figure 240395DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
the KCL equation is listed for the point II,
Figure 953005DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
whereinU 1、I 1The voltage and current amplitude, alpha, of the line 1 terminal1Is the power angle, beta, of the 1 end of the line1Is the terminal voltage phase angle of the line 1; whereinU 2、I 2The voltage and current amplitude, alpha, of the line 2 terminal2Power angle, beta, of line 2 terminal2Is the terminal voltage phase angle of line 2;jrepresenting the imaginary part, B, of the complex number1Is a ground-to-ground sodium parameter;
assuming that the phase angle of the voltage at two ends of the line is 0, there is
Figure 500661DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 733059DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
for a transition current from terminal 1 to terminal 2,
Figure 973548DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
is a transition current from the 2 terminal to the 1 terminal;
amount of current unbalanceEThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure 393028DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
I 12is in a 1-terminal flow direction 2The magnitude of the transient current at the end,I 21the amplitude of the transition current flowing from the 2 terminal to the 1 terminal.
5. The SCADA bad data eliminating system based on the transmission line current unbalance amount according to claim 4, wherein the system is communicated with a regulation center.
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"基于量测数据的线路参数辨识研究";张亚萍;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（工程科技II辑）》;20180115(第1期);C042-996 *

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