CN112577032A - Solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system - Google Patents
Solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112577032A CN112577032A CN202011416565.XA CN202011416565A CN112577032A CN 112577032 A CN112577032 A CN 112577032A CN 202011416565 A CN202011416565 A CN 202011416565A CN 112577032 A CN112577032 A CN 112577032A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
- F22B1/281—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically other than by electrical resistances or electrodes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system, which is provided with a shell and an inner container, wherein a heat insulation layer is arranged between the shell and the inner container, a phase-change heat storage material is filled in the inner container, and a heat exchange tube and an electric heating tube are embedded in the phase-change heat storage material. The solar power generation grid-connected unit drives the phase-change heat storage type steam boiler to generate heat, water is used as a heating medium and is adjusted through a phase-change heat storage material in the phase-change heat storage type steam boiler, and then steam is generated to continuously and stably provide steam for a steam user. The invention combines the solar energy, boiler technology and phase-change energy storage technology, improves the effective utilization rate of energy, prolongs the service life of the steam boiler, has better energy-saving benefit, reduces the pollution to the environment, supplements the solar photovoltaic power generation in the peak power period in the day, utilizes the valley power to store heat as far as possible in the night, and greatly relieves the unbalance of the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, in particular to a solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system.
Background
Solar energy is used as a free clean energy source to be applied to industrial energy sources and has great value, and a photovoltaic utilization technology is used as a means for developing renewable energy sources and is one of effective ways for realizing energy conservation, emission reduction and energy source replacement. The solar photovoltaic power generation system can solve the problem of unbalanced power grid and greatly reduce the operation cost, but the solar radiation intensity cannot be continuously and stably operated under the influence of environmental factors and incident angles.
The industrial development speed of China is high, the utilization rate of steam boilers is on the rising trend, the frequency of application in industrial production is increased continuously, and huge economic benefits are created for industrial production. However, in the routine maintenance of the coal-fired and oil-fired steam boiler, the heating surface of the steam boiler is affected, so that the steam boiler is subjected to different degrees of oxygen corrosion, the occurrence probability of the oxygen corrosion is high, and the safe operation of the coal-fired and oil-fired steam boiler is threatened.
The phase change heat accumulating type steam boiler is a device which converts electric energy into heat energy for storage in a certain time so as to release the heat energy for generating steam when needed, and the generated steam can be used in the places of food industry, medical industry or petrochemical industry and the like. The electric energy can adopt solar photovoltaic power generation in daytime and late valley electricity, the discontinuous change of the photovoltaic power generation into the continuous use or the controllable use of steam can be realized through the use of the phase-change heat storage type steam furnace, the peak clipping and valley filling of the power grid power utilization are realized, and the utilization efficiency of energy is improved.
Phase change materials used in existing phase change heat storage steam boilers can be divided into organic phase change materials, inorganic phase change materials and composite phase change materials. The inorganic phase change material comprises crystalline hydrated salt, molten salt, metal alloy and other inorganic matters, wherein the crystalline hydrated salt and the molten salt are most widely applied, and have the advantages of cheap material, high heat storage density and the like. However, the inorganic phase-change material has the defects of strong corrosivity, large volume change in the solid-liquid phase-change process, poor heat-conducting property and the like, and brings about the defects of high manufacturing cost, short service life and the like of an electric heating heat storage device.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system, which improves the effective utilization rate of energy and prolongs the service life of a steam boiler by combining the solar energy, the boiler technology and the phase-change energy storage technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system comprises a solar power generation grid-connected unit, a steam boiler and a steam user, wherein the solar power generation grid-connected unit comprises a municipal power grid, a photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, the photovoltaic component is connected with the input end of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, and direct current generated by the photovoltaic component is converted into alternating current through the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and then is merged into the municipal power grid for grid-connected power generation; the steam boiler is provided with a shell and an inner container, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the shell and the inner container, a phase change heat storage material is filled in the inner container, a heat exchange tube and an electric heating tube are embedded in the phase change heat storage material, the water inlet end of the heat exchange tube is connected with a water feeding pump, the outlet end of the heat exchange tube is connected with a steam user pipeline, and the electric heating tube and the water feeding pump are respectively electrically connected with the output end of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
Furthermore, a steam buffer tank is arranged on a pipeline between the steam boiler and a steam user, and a water inlet end of the water feeding pump is connected with a liquid storage tank.
In order to improve the heating efficiency, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in the phase change heat storage material in a serpentine bent shape, and the electric heating tubes are arranged on two sides of the heat exchange tubes at intervals.
Preferably, the phase change heat storage material is formed by compounding expanded graphite and a phase change material, and the proportion of the expanded graphite to the phase change material is as follows: 5% -10%: 90 to 95 percent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention combines boiler technology, phase change energy storage technology and solar energy, and has three different working conditions: the side is held and is supplied the operating mode, is held and is supplied operating mode and electric heat accumulation confession operating mode, can move alone also can superpose the operation, has improved the effective utilization of energy, has prolonged steam boiler's life, has better energy-conserving benefit, has reduced the pollution to the environment, and peak electricity period solar photovoltaic power generation supplyes daytime, utilizes the millet electricity cold-storage as far as possible at night, has slowed down the disequilibrium of electric wire netting greatly.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a steam boiler according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar power generation grid-connected unit according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the solar water heater comprises a shell, 2, a heat preservation layer, 3, an inner container, 4, a phase change heat storage material, 5, a heat exchange tube, 6, an electric heating tube, 7, a steam buffer tank, 8, a liquid storage tank, 9, a water feeding pump, 10, a municipal power grid, 11, a photovoltaic module, 12 and a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system comprises a solar power generation grid-connected unit, a steam boiler and a steam user, wherein the solar power generation grid-connected unit drives the steam boiler to operate to generate heat, water is used as a heating medium and is regulated through a phase-change heat storage material 4 in the steam boiler, and then steam is generated to continuously and stably provide steam for the steam user.
The solar power generation grid-connected unit comprises a municipal power grid 10, a photovoltaic module 11 and a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 12, wherein the photovoltaic module 11 is connected with the input end of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 12, the output end of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 12 is connected with a steam boiler, and the photovoltaic module 11 converts generated direct current into alternating current through the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 12 and then the alternating current is merged into the municipal power grid 10 for grid-connected power generation.
The water inlet end of the heat exchange tube 5 is connected with a water feed pump 9, the outlet end of the heat exchange tube 5 is connected with a steam user pipeline, and the electric heating tube 6 and the water feed pump 9 are respectively and electrically connected with the output end of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 12; a steam buffer tank 7 is arranged on a pipeline between the steam boiler and a steam user, and a water inlet end of a water feeding pump 9 is connected with a liquid storage tank 8.
The phase-change heat storage material 4 is formed by compounding expanded graphite and a phase-change material, and the proportion of the expanded graphite to the phase-change material is as follows: 5% -10%: 90 to 95 percent.
The phase-change material can be selected from the following three materials, wherein the percentage of each component is as follows:
1. 28.5-28.9% of lithium chloride, 43.5-44.5% of cesium chloride, 13.7-14.1% of potassium chloride and 13.3-13.5% of rubidium chloride, wherein the phase change temperature is 265 +/-2.5 ℃, the latent heat of phase change is 375.380KJ/kg, and the density is 2-2.3 kg/l.
2. 7.8% of sodium chloride, 85.8% of sodium hydroxide and 6.4% of sodium carbonate, wherein the phase change temperature is 282 ℃, the latent heat of phase change is 316KJ/kg, and the density is 2-2.3 kg/l.
3. 86.3 percent of sodium nitrate, 8.4 percent of sodium chloride and 5.3 percent of sodium sulfate, the phase-change temperature is 287 ℃, the latent heat of phase change is 178KJ/kg, and the density is 2-2.3 kg/l.
The working process of the solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system is briefly described as follows:
the solar power generation grid-connected unit converts generated direct current into alternating current through a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter 12 through a photoelectric conversion technology, and then provides electric quantity required by operation of an electric heating pipe 6 and a water feeding pump 9 in the phase-change heat storage type steam boiler, wherein the insufficient part is provided by a municipal power grid 10, and the excessive part is incorporated into the municipal power grid 10.
The water feeding pump 9 pumps water into the heat exchange tube 5 in the phase-change heat storage type steam boiler, the electric heating tube 6 is electrified to generate heat to heat the heat exchange medium water and the phase-change heat storage material 4 in the heat exchange tube 5, the water is heated and heated to become high-pressure steam, the high-pressure steam enters the steam buffer tank 7 through the upper opening of the heat exchange tube 5 and then is connected to a steam user, and condensed water flows back through a pipeline and then is circulated in evaporation, heat exchange and condensation.
In the circulation process, because the temperature of the hot water is higher than the phase change point of the phase change heat storage material 4, when the hot water passes through the gap channel of the phase change heat storage material 4, the hot water is cooled and sinks, and the phase change heat storage material 4 is heated and dissolved and is changed into a liquid state from a solid state. When the backwater temperature is lower than the phase change point of the phase change heat storage material 4, the backwater temperature is heated and raised when passing through the gap channel of the phase change heat storage material 4, and the phase change heat storage material 4 releases heat and crystallizes to change from a liquid state to a solid state.
The solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system comprises three operating conditions:
a. and (3) storing and supplying working conditions:
the working condition occurs in the solar power generation period in the daytime and the off-peak electricity period in the evening, the heating capacity of the phase-change heat storage type steam boiler is larger than the heat load of steam required by a steam user, and the surplus heat is stored in the phase-change heat storage material 4 except the steam heat load required by normal production.
b. Storage and supply working conditions:
the working condition occurs in a non-solar power generation period and a non-valley power generation period, at the moment, the electric heating stops running, and heat stored by the phase change heat storage material 4 in the phase change heat storage type steam boiler is directly used for generating steam.
c. The electric heat storage combined supply working condition is as follows:
the working condition occurs in the solar power generation period in the daytime, at the moment, the heating capacity of the phase-change heat storage type steam boiler is smaller than the heat load of steam required by a steam user, and the heating capacity of the phase-change heat storage type steam boiler and the heat stored in the phase-change heat storage material 4 are jointly used for generating the steam.
The whole system control firstly has to satisfy the priority principle, namely priority solar energy, secondly valley electricity, and secondly flat electricity, and peak electricity is used as little as possible.
The control of the steam pressure in the steam boiler is maintained by adjusting the feed pump 9, when the load is reduced and the steam pressure is increased, the water supply is reduced or suspended to stabilize the steam pressure and the water level within the specified range, and vice versa.
The superheated steam temperature of the steam boiler is controlled by adopting a method of installing a water spraying temperature reduction device in the steam buffer tank 7, so that the superheated steam temperature can be effectively reduced, and the safe operation of the system is ensured.
The three operating conditions are controlled by the temperature T of the phase change heat storage material 40And phase transition temperature TmThe method is characterized by distinguishing and controlling, and dividing the operating time of the solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system into the following time intervals for operating and controlling:
the day solar energy operation period: at this time, the working condition of simultaneous storage and simultaneous supply or the working condition of electric heat storage and combined supply is adopted:
when the temperature T of the phase change heat storage material 40≤TmIndicating the working condition of side accumulation and side supply;
when T ism<T0<TmThe +20 ℃ indicates the working condition of electric heat storage and combined supply;
the night off-peak electricity operation period: at this time, the working condition of simultaneous storage and simultaneous supply or the working condition of electric heat storage and combined supply is adopted:
when the temperature T of the phase change heat storage material 40≤TmIndicating the working condition of side accumulation and side supply;
when T ism<T0<TmThe +20 ℃ indicates the working condition of electric heat storage and combined supply;
off-valley electricity non-solar energy operation period: at this time, the temperature T of the phase change heat storage material 4 is under the working condition of storage and supply or the working condition of combined supply of electric and heat storagem<T0<Tm+20 ℃, and the accumulation working condition is adopted at the time.
When the sun exists, the system is supplied with power by solar power generation, and when the solar power generation is insufficient for the phase change heat storage steam boiler to operate, the power grid supplies the residual electric quantity; meanwhile, in the time period of the off-peak electricity at night, the system can utilize the cheap off-peak electricity at night to store heat, thereby further reducing the operating cost.
The present invention has: (1) and better energy-saving benefit: free solar photovoltaic resources are utilized in the peak electricity period in the daytime, low-cost valley electricity is utilized in the night, operation energy consumption is greatly saved, and in addition, the application of the phase change energy storage technology can improve the effective energy utilization rate and protect the environment; (2) and the pollution to the environment is reduced: compared with the traditional coal-fired and oil-fired steam boiler, the emission of harmful gas is reduced, zero pollution and zero emission can be realized, and the environment-friendly significance is higher; (3) and the solar photovoltaic power generation is supplemented in the peak electricity time period in the daytime, and the off-peak electricity is utilized to store heat as far as possible at night, so that the unbalance of the municipal power grid 10 is greatly relieved.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A solar phase-change heat storage type steam boiler system comprises a solar power generation grid-connected unit, a steam boiler and a steam user, and is characterized in that: the solar power generation grid-connected unit comprises a municipal power grid, a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, wherein the photovoltaic module is connected with the input end of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, and direct current generated by the photovoltaic module is converted into alternating current through the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and then is merged into the municipal power grid for grid-connected power generation; the steam boiler is provided with a shell and an inner container, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the shell and the inner container, a phase change heat storage material is filled in the inner container, a heat exchange tube and an electric heating tube are embedded in the phase change heat storage material, the water inlet end of the heat exchange tube is connected with a water feeding pump, the outlet end of the heat exchange tube is connected with a steam user pipeline, and the electric heating tube and the water feeding pump are respectively electrically connected with the output end of the photovoltaic grid-connected inverter.
2. The solar phase change heat storage steam boiler system of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline between the steam boiler and the steam user is provided with a steam buffer tank, and the water inlet end of the water feeding pump is connected with a liquid storage tank.
3. The solar phase change heat storage steam boiler system of claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange tube is arranged in the phase change heat storage material in a serpentine bent shape, and the electric heating tubes are arranged on two sides of the heat exchange tube at intervals.
4. The solar phase change heat storage steam boiler system of claim 1, wherein: the phase-change heat storage material is formed by compounding expanded graphite and a phase-change material, wherein the proportion of the expanded graphite to the phase-change material is as follows: 5% -10%: 90 to 95 percent.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113970123A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Solar energy and heat storage integrated monitoring heat supply device and method |
WO2024020634A1 (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | Graphite Energy (Assets) Pty Limited | Energy storage and utilisation system |
WO2024191367A1 (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2024-09-19 | Enover Isi Si̇stemleri̇ Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ | Domestic hot water production with heat transfer fluid boiler system |
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CN101702597A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Solar energy high temperature storage type thermal power generation method and device |
CN105805819A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Novel solar floor heating system based on phase change material |
CN206094272U (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-04-12 | 河北益民五金制造股份有限公司 | Solar energy light and heat heating electricity generation comprehensive utilization system |
CN207196964U (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-04-06 | 郑州大学 | Solar thermoelectric coproduction device |
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2020
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101702597A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-05 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Solar energy high temperature storage type thermal power generation method and device |
CN105805819A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Novel solar floor heating system based on phase change material |
CN206094272U (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-04-12 | 河北益民五金制造股份有限公司 | Solar energy light and heat heating electricity generation comprehensive utilization system |
CN207196964U (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-04-06 | 郑州大学 | Solar thermoelectric coproduction device |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113970123A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-01-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Solar energy and heat storage integrated monitoring heat supply device and method |
WO2024020634A1 (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | Graphite Energy (Assets) Pty Limited | Energy storage and utilisation system |
WO2024191367A1 (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2024-09-19 | Enover Isi Si̇stemleri̇ Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ | Domestic hot water production with heat transfer fluid boiler system |
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Application publication date: 20210330 |