A kind of independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of independent accumulation of heat electric power station system, particularly relate to and adopt the independent accumulation of heat electric power station system of fused salt mixt as accumulation of heat working medium, belong to energy storage technology field.
Background technology
According to China " Renewable Energy Development " 12 " planning ", to the year two thousand twenty, wind-powered electricity generation and solar grid-connected installation reach respectively 200,000,000 kW and 5,000 ten thousand kW.But the intermittence that the regenerative resource such as wind energy and solar energy is intrinsic and fluctuation are very large to the impact of electrical network, cause the not grid-connected ratio of China's wind-powered electricity generation and photovoltaic generation high, abandon wind/light serious.For example: within 2011, the not grid-connected rate of China's wind-powered electricity generation reaches 28%; The not grid-connected rate of photovoltaic reaches 29%; Three northern areas of China are on average abandoned wind rate and are about 16%, and the whole nation of 2012 always abandons air quantity and reach 20,000,000,000 kwh, are a times in 2011, and on average abandoning wind rate is 20%, and some areas reach 40%.If do not solve the extensive access problem of wind energy and solar energy, to 2015 and the year two thousand twenty, will lose respectively every year 3300 ten thousand tons and 7,000 ten thousand tons of standard coals.In addition; in order to meet the requirement of electric load, current capacity of installed generator and net capacity are by greatest requirements construction, along with electrical network peak-valley difference increases increasingly; the shutdown of generating set or underrun must cause non-peak of power consumption time, and the waste of net capacity.Within 2011, national conventional coal fired power generation unit generation total load coefficient is only 51.8%, and network load usage factor is also less than 55%.And adopt fused salt as the independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station of heat storage medium, can be by these unstable or unnecessary electric energy conversions thermal energy storage in high-temperature molten salt, in the time of needs electricity consumption, be translated into again electric energy.It can realize regenerative resource flat volatility, trace scheduling output, peak-frequency regulation etc., makes the stable control output of renewable energy power generation, meets the extensive access grid-connected requirement of regenerative resource electric power.Also can significantly improve fired power generating unit actual operating efficiency, strengthen the ability to transmit electricity of electrical network.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiency that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of unstable or unnecessary electric energy heating high-temperature molten salt of the power qualities such as wind-powered electricity generation, photovoltaic electric, trough-electricity that adopts, become high temperature heat and be stored in high-temperature molten salt.While needing electricity consumption, the high temperature heat heating water that recycling high-temperature molten salt stores produces water vapour, thereby drives steam turbine generating, realizes exergonic independent fused salt accumulation of heat electric power station system.
Independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station, is characterized in that, comprises hot salt cellar 3, the cold salt cellar 4 of low temperature, the first pump for liquid salts 5, the second salt pump 6, brine heat exchanger (steam generator) 7, the generating island 8 of power supply 1, fused salt electric heater 2, high temperature, power supply 1 carries out circuit with fused salt electric heater 2 and is connected, the outlet of electric heater 2 by pipeline successively with the hot salt cellar 3 of high temperature, brine heat exchanger (or steam generator) 7, the cold salt cellar 4 of low temperature connects, then cold salt cellar 4 is connected with the import of fused salt electric heater 2, on the pipeline between the outlet of electric heater 2 and the hot salt cellar 3 of high temperature, be provided with molten salt heater outlet temperature sensor 12, hot salt line-pressure sensor 20, hot salt pipeline temperature sensor 22, hot salt piping flow sensor 24, on the pipeline between hot salt cellar 3 and the brine heat exchanger (steam generator) 7 of high temperature, be provided with the second salt pump 6, pipeline between the cold salt cellar 4 of fused salt electric heater 2 and low temperature is provided with the first pump for liquid salts 5, molten salt heater inlet temperature sensor 13, cold salt line-pressure sensor 21, cold salt pipeline temperature sensor 23, cold salt piping flow sensor 25, the hot salt cellar 3 of fused salt electric heater 2, high temperature, the cold salt cellar of low temperature 4, the first pump for liquid salts 5, the second salt pump 6, brine heat exchanger (steam generator) 7 composition fused salt circuit systems, brine heat exchanger 7 forms water-steam loop by pipeline and generating island 8, drives steam turbine generating.
Described power supply 1 can be the generating power station of wind-power electricity generation power station, photovoltaic generation power station, intelligent grid energy-accumulating power station or other unstable powers.
Described accumulation of heat power station adopts fused salt mixt as accumulation of heat working medium, and unnecessary electric energy or unstable electric energy conversion that various multi-form power stations are produced are that high temperature heat is stored in high-temperature molten salt.
Described accumulation of heat power station can combine with city heat supply, utilizes the waste gas heating municipal water use after generating to realize cogeneration.Fused salt electric heater 2 adopts snakelike pipe 11 as heating element heater, there is shell the outside of snakelike pipe 11, on shell, be respectively equipped with export and import, wherein molten salt heater outlet temperature sensor 12, molten salt heater inlet temperature sensor 13 are used for monitoring the temperature of heating fused salt export and import.
Hot salt cellar temperature sensor 15 is installed on hot salt cellar 3, and hot salt cellar 3 tops are provided with hot salt cellar level monitoring mouth 17, and bottom is provided with hot salt cellar salt outlet 19; Cold salt cellar temperature sensor 14 is installed on cold salt cellar 4, and cold salt cellar 4 tops are provided with cold salt cellar level monitoring mouth 16, and bottom is provided with cold salt cellar salt outlet 18.
Preferred cold salt cellar 4, hot salt cellar 3 tops are separately installed with the first pump for liquid salts 5, the second pump for liquid salts 6 that power is provided for fused salt, and each jar top is provided with two pump for liquid salts, the using and the reserved; Temperature sensor 14,15 for monitor temperature is installed on jar, for monitoring the monitoring mouth 16,17 of liquid level, and for the salt outlet 18,19 of emptying fused salt.
Fused salt circuit system (large dotted line frame), the pipe-line system that comprises be useful on carrying fused salt, and the pressure sensor 20,21 of installing in pipe-line system, temperature sensor 22,23, flow sensor 24,25.
Brine heat exchanger 7 adopts tube shell type structure, and fused salt is in tube side system, and water is in shell side system, and the two adopts forced-convection heat transfer form to carry out heat exchange.
Conventional power generation usage island 8 adopts steam turbine generating, and its principle is consistent with composition and existing mainstream technology.
In brine heat exchanger 7 and generating island 8 form water-steam loop, be also provided with district heating system, in the outlet pipeline on generating island 8, connect a heat-exchange system, heat-exchange system is connected with district heating system 9.The principle of district heating system 9 is herein consistent with composition and existing mainstream technology.
Water-Steam Cyclic Systems (little dotted line frame), the pipe-line system that comprises be useful on carrying water or steam, and the various sensors of installing in pipe-line system, as pressure, temperature, flow sensor etc.
Also comprise intelligence control system 10, intelligence control system 10 is connected with power supply, each sensor etc. respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station becomes thermal energy storage in high-temperature molten salt unstable or unnecessary electric energy conversion, in the time of needs electricity consumption, the high temperature heat heating water that recycling high-temperature molten salt stores produces water vapour, thereby drives steam turbine generating, realizes energy and discharges.Compare with hydroenergy storage station with compressed-air energy storage, it is little that independent fused salt heat accumulation power station has floor space, not limited by geographical conditions, can build the advantages such as urban inner in, the extensive high-temperature heat accumulation power station of building in addition city in also can combine with city heat supply, build up large-scale high-temperature heat accumulation CCHP power station, realize after cogeneration and the efficiency in accumulation of heat power station can be brought up to more than 70% by original 30%, this efficiency is with hydroenergy storage station efficiency is suitable at present, but cost is lower than water-storage and compressed air energy storage station.Therefore high-temperature heat accumulation power station is a kind of tool extensive physics energy accumulating technique with broad prospects for development.Independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station both can be used for the energy storage of photovoltaic and wind power station, solved abandoning wind and abandoning optical issue of wind-power electricity generation and photovoltaic generation.Independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station also can be used for intelligent grid energy-accumulating power station, realizes the space-time decoupling zero of generating and electricity consumption, delays and reduces power generating facilities and power grids construction, improves efficiency of energy utilization and electrical network total assets utilization rate.
So-called independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station is exactly that while utilizing the unstable or unnecessary electric energy energy storage such as photovoltaic electric, wind-powered electricity generation, trough-electricity, electric energy heats high-temperature molten salt by electric heater, becomes high temperature heat and is stored in high-temperature molten salt.While needing electricity consumption, the high temperature heat heating water that recycling high-temperature molten salt stores produces water vapour, thereby drives steam turbine generating, realizes energy and discharges.It is characterized in that, it comprises power supply, fused salt electric heater, the hot salt cellar of high temperature, the cold salt cellar of low temperature, pump for liquid salts, fused salt circuit system, brine heat exchanger (steam generator), conventional power generation usage island, water-Steam Cyclic Systems and intelligence control system.The extensive high-temperature heat accumulation power station of building in addition city in also can combine with city heat supply, builds up large-scale high-temperature heat accumulation cogeneration power station.Independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station both can be used for the energy storage of photovoltaic and wind power station, solved abandoning wind and abandoning optical issue of wind-power electricity generation and photovoltaic generation.Independent fused salt accumulation of heat power station also can be used for intelligent grid energy-accumulating power station, realizes the space-time decoupling zero of generating and electricity consumption, for peak load regulation network, delays and reduces power generating facilities and power grids construction, improves efficiency of energy utilization and electrical network total assets utilization rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure: 1, power supply, 2, fused salt electric heater, 3, the hot salt cellar of high temperature, 4, the cold salt cellar of low temperature, 5, the first pump for liquid salts, 6, the second pump for liquid salts, large dotted line frame is fused salt circuit system, 7, brine heat exchanger (steam generator), 8, conventional power generation usage island, 9, district heating system, little dotted line frame is water-Steam Cyclic Systems, 10, intelligence control system, 11, snakelike heating pipe, 12, molten salt heater outlet temperature sensor, 13, molten salt heater inlet temperature sensor, 14, cold salt cellar temperature sensor, 15, hot salt cellar temperature sensor, 16, cold salt cellar level monitoring mouth, 17, hot salt cellar level monitoring mouth, 18, cold salt cellar salt outlet, 19, hot salt cellar salt outlet, 20, hot salt line-pressure sensor, 21, cold salt line-pressure sensor, 22, hot salt pipeline temperature sensor, 23, cold salt line-pressure sensor, 24, hot salt piping flow sensor, 25, cold salt piping flow sensor.
The specific embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of independent accumulation of heat power station of fused salt as accumulation of heat working medium that adopt, comprises the power supply that electric energy is provided, Molten salt heating system, and fused salt heat reservoir, fused salt heat exchange system and generating island and district heating system, concrete structure is as follows:
Described power supply can be wind-power electricity generation power station, photovoltaic generation power station, and the generating power station of intelligent grid energy-accumulating power station or other unstable powers, can be also city trough-electricity.Accumulation of heat power station adopts fused salt mixt as accumulation of heat working medium, it is large that fused salt mixt has thermal capacity, Heat stability is good, viscosity is low, vapour pressure is little, liquid temperature wide ranges, the plurality of advantages such as cost is low, unnecessary electric energy or the unstable electric energy conversion that can various multi-form power stations be produced by heating fused salt be that high temperature heat is stored in high-temperature molten salt.Described fused salt electric heater 2 adopts snakelike pipe 11 as heating element heater, and suffered thermal stress restriction is less, and toggle speed is faster, is applicable to power supply frequent start-stop and variable load operation demand.Described fused salt heat reservoir adopts double-pot type arrangement, and it comprises cold salt cellar 4 for storing low-temperature molten salt and for storing the hot salt cellar 3 of high-temperature molten salt, the two is cylindrical structural, adopts stainless steel, dome lid, and external insulation, vertically places.Cold salt cellar 4 is the low-temperature molten salt after heat-exchange system heat release for stocking system initial start stage or run duration, and hot salt cellar 3 is for storing the high-temperature molten salt after molten salt heater heat temperature raising; Be separately installed with two low-temperature molten salt pumps 5 and two high-temperature melting salt pumps 6 at cold salt cellar 4 and hot salt cellar 3 tops, all adopt the form of the using and the reserved, prevent from occurring because pump for liquid salts fault causes the contingency of whole system.Pump for liquid salts is long shaft submerged pump, adopts the vertical installation in top.Cold salt cellar 4, is equipped with level monitoring mouth 16,17 on hot salt cellar 3, can feed back the safe liquid level of fused salt by liquid level sensor.The two is all provided with temperature sensor 14,15, for monitoring the temperature of the two.Salt pot bottom is all designed with the salt outlet 18,19 of fused salt, during for accident or conventional maintenance, fused salt is emptying.
Described fused salt circuit system, comprises hot salt pipeline, cold salt pipeline, and pressure sensor 20,21 on pipeline, temperature sensor 22,23, flow sensor 24,25.Signal is passed to controller 10 by these sensors, and 10 comprehensive these signals of controller constantly regulate the frequency of high-temperature melting salt pump 6 and low-temperature molten salt pump 5 to meet different operating conditions.
Water-Steam Cyclic Systems, comprises all pipelines in generating island and district heating system and the pressure sensor on pipeline, temperature sensor, flow sensor etc.
Described accumulation of heat power station can combine with city heat supply, utilizes the exhaust steam heating municipal water use after generating to realize cogeneration.Thereby improve the efficiency in whole power station.
In addition, fused salt heat exchanging equipment all adopts fused salt to walk shell-side, and water under high pressure/steam is walked the arrangement of pipe side, thereby attenuate shell wall is greatly cost-saving, while being also beneficial to systematic failures or conventional maintenance simultaneously, fused salt is emptying.
Operation principle of the present invention and implementation procedure are as follows:
In the time that power supply has electric power output to need energy storage, fused salt electric heater starts, utilize unstable electric energy or trough-electricity that the low-temperature molten salt (being about 200 ℃ of left and right) of being extracted out from cryogenic tank by low-temperature molten salt pump is heated to high temperature (being about 500 ℃ of left and right), then the fused salt of high temperature is stored in hot salt cellar, this process implementation the transformation of energy of electric energy thermotropism.In the time of needs electricity consumption or peak times of power consumption, the pump for liquid salts of hot salt tank top starts, it is that in steam generator, heating water produces the generating of Steam Actuation steam turbine that high-temperature molten salt is constantly transported to brine heat exchanger, this process implementation heat energy to electric transformation of energy, high-temperature molten salt constantly heat release become low-temperature molten salt and get back in cold salt cellar, complete once circulation.In addition, the exhaust steam after steam turbine generating can enter in city heat supply heat-exchange system, and the water that becomes low temperature behind heating municipal water use enters and in brine heat exchanger, carries out heat exchange next time.
Whole system is all that 10 Based Intelligent Control realize by microcomputer controller.This microcomputer controller carrys out start and stop and the heating power of intelligent adjusting fused salt electric heater by the signal of the feedback such as temperature sensor, flow sensor, and the flow that regulates the frequency of pump for liquid salts in hot and cold salt cellar to control fused salt meets the different demands of user side.