CN112575405A - 一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112575405A
CN112575405A CN202011574668.9A CN202011574668A CN112575405A CN 112575405 A CN112575405 A CN 112575405A CN 202011574668 A CN202011574668 A CN 202011574668A CN 112575405 A CN112575405 A CN 112575405A
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polyetherimide
monofilament
temperature
diameter
drying
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马海燕
司淼
徐燕
徐锦锦
成晓燕
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Nantong Ntec Monofilament Technology Co ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/74Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polycondensates of cyclic compounds, e.g. polyimides, polybenzimidazoles
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D1/00Treatment of filament-forming or like material
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • D01F11/04Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
    • D01F11/08Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝及其制备方法,单丝横截面为椭圆形,椭圆的离心率为0~0.34;纤度390~14000D;强度为3.0~4.0cN/dtex;断裂伸长率为15~40%;干热收缩为5%~10%。本发明通过控制聚合物水分,以及调整拉伸工艺,有效实现通过熔融纺丝将聚醚酰亚胺纤维化,且在纺丝过程中不产生挥发性成分。

Description

一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝及其制备方法。
背景技术
非晶性聚醚酰亚胺由于力学物性、阻燃性、耐热性、机械特性、电绝缘性优异,所以作为超级工程塑料在各种领域被广泛运用。一般而言,聚醚酰亚胺聚合物中无规则的存在非晶态分子,所以,难以形成对纤维要求的取向结构,很难纤维化。
目前聚醚酰亚胺的熔融纺丝温度接近400℃,和聚合物的分解温度接近,在纺丝过程中容易产生挥发性成分。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能实现通过熔融纺丝将聚醚酰亚胺纤维化,在纺丝过程中不产生挥发性成分的大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝及其制备方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是:
一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝,所述聚醚酰亚胺单丝的横截面为椭圆形,断裂强度为3.0~4.0cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为15~40%,干热收缩率为5%~10%。
本发明所述的大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝,其椭圆横截面的离心率为0~0.34,优选0~0.27,相对于离心率为0.40的椭圆单丝截面,其圆整度提高1~3%。
本发明所述的大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝,其单丝纤度为390~14000D。
本发明所述的一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝的制备方法,其特征是:将聚醚酰亚胺树脂进行干燥,然后采用单螺杆挤出机进行纺丝,经液体冷却后,采用卧式牵伸机组进行拉丝,收卷制得大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝。
本发明所述的干燥方法为转鼓抽真空干燥,真空度为﹣0.09~﹣0.06MPa,优选﹣0.09~﹣0.08MPa,因为真空度的好坏直接影响到干燥后树脂的水分率高低。
本发明所述的干燥温度为150~180℃,干燥时间4~8小时。
本发明所述的干燥后聚醚酰亚胺树脂的水分率≤80ppm,优选50ppm以下的树脂,水分率越低纺丝过程中越不容易出现气泡丝,断头丝。
本发明所述单螺杆挤出机螺杆规格为φ30~φ65mm,长径比25:1~29:1,螺杆各区温度及纺丝温度为330~380℃。
本发明所述的冷却液体由去离子水、抗静电剂、和乳化剂组成。其中水的质量比为95~98%,抗静电剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯钠盐的质量比为0.5~1.5%,乳化剂聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯1.5~3.5%,冷却液温度为70~95℃。
本发明所述的拉丝工艺为两级拉伸一级定型,一级拉伸为热风拉伸、温度220~270℃、拉伸倍率2.8~3.6倍,二级拉伸采用热风拉伸、拉伸温度280~320℃、拉伸倍率1.10~1.50倍,定型温度250~350℃、松弛率2~5%。
本发明所述的一级拉伸温度优选240~250℃,一级拉伸倍率优选3.0~3.4倍。
本发明所述的二级拉伸温度优选290~310℃,二级拉伸倍率优选1.18~1.28倍。
本发明通过控制聚合物水分,以及调整拉伸工艺,有效实现通过熔融纺丝将聚醚酰亚胺纤维化,且在纺丝过程中不产生挥发性成分。
本发明中实施例中的指标采用下述方法来测定。
纤度(D)的测试
工具:缕纱测长仪、分析天平、工作记录簿
方法:
①取一根单丝,绕于缕纱测长仪上,设定圈数45,卷绕;
②取下,使用分析天平称重,记录重量m (g);
纤度(D)=m*200
③重复上述步骤3次,取平均值。
强度测试
工具:拉伸试验机、电脑、工作记录簿
方法:
①使用拉伸试验机测得单丝的断裂强力a N,及断裂伸长率;
②强度(cN/dtex)=a*100/纤度(D)*0.9
③重复上述步骤3次,取平均值。
干热收缩率
工具:鼓风干燥箱、米尺、测量皿、计时器
方法:
①取一根单丝,量出长度100 cm,放入测量皿中;
②烘箱设定温度180℃,保温30min后,放入测量皿,计时10min;
③取出样品,用米尺测量经干热处理后的长度b cm
沸水收缩率=(100-c)/100
④重复上述步骤3次,取平均值。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将经过转鼓抽真空干燥,经测得水分率含量50ppm的聚醚酰亚胺树脂投入φ45mm单螺杆挤出机进行熔融纺丝,螺杆各区温度350℃、360℃、370℃,纺丝温度370℃,经计量泵精确计量后流入组件,喷丝板规格为孔径1.25mm,孔深5mm,孔数11孔,经液体冷却后进行拉丝;液体由质量比95%的水、3.5%乳化剂聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、1.5%抗静电剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯钠盐构成。
拉丝机组速度100m/min,一级热风拉伸倍率为3.0倍、温度240℃,二级热风拉伸倍率为1.4倍、温度290℃,定型温度250摄氏度,松弛率3%。
制得的直径0.30mm的聚醚酰亚胺单丝,强度为3.5cN/dtex,伸度为25%,干热收缩率为9.5%。
实施例2
将经过转鼓抽真空干燥,经测得水分率含量50ppm的聚醚酰亚胺树脂投入φ45mm单螺杆挤出机进行熔融纺丝,螺杆各区温度350℃、360℃、370℃,纺丝温度370℃,经计量泵精确计量后流入组件,喷丝板规格为孔径1.25mm,孔深5mm,孔数11孔,经液体冷却后进行拉丝。液体由质量比95%的水、3.5%乳化剂聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、1.5%抗静电剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯钠盐构成。
拉丝机组速度100m/min,一级热风拉伸倍率为3.0倍、温度260℃,二级热风拉伸倍率为1.4倍、温度290℃,定型温度250摄氏度,松弛率3%。
制得的直径0.30mm的聚醚酰亚胺单丝,强度为3.6cN/dtex,伸度为28%,干热收缩率为8.4%。
实施例3
将经过转鼓抽真空干燥,经测得水分率含量50ppm的聚醚酰亚胺树脂投入φ45mm单螺杆挤出机进行熔融纺丝,螺杆各区温度350℃、360℃、370℃,纺丝温度370℃,经计量泵精确计量后流入组件,喷丝板规格为孔径1.25mm,孔深5mm,孔数11孔,经液体冷却后进行拉丝。液体由质量比95%的水、3.5%乳化剂聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、1.5%抗静电剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯钠盐构成。
拉丝机组速度100m/min,一级热风拉伸倍率为3.2倍、温度260℃,二级热风拉伸倍率为1.4倍、温度290℃,定型温度250摄氏度,松弛率3%。
制得的直径0.30mm的聚醚酰亚胺单丝,强度为3.8cN/dtex,伸度为23%,干热收缩率为9.6%。
实施例4
将经过转鼓抽真空干燥,经测得水分率含量50ppm的聚醚酰亚胺树脂投入φ45mm单螺杆挤出机进行熔融纺丝,螺杆各区温度350℃、360℃、370℃,纺丝温度370℃,经计量泵精确计量后流入组件,喷丝板规格为孔径1.25mm,孔深5mm,孔数11孔,经液体冷却后进行拉丝。液体由质量比95%的水、3.5%乳化剂聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、1.5%抗静电剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯钠盐构成。
拉丝机组速度100m/min,一级热风拉伸倍率为3.2倍、温度260℃,二级热风拉伸倍率为1.4倍、温度290℃,定型温度300摄氏度,松弛率3%。
制得的直径0.30mm的聚醚酰亚胺单丝,强度为3.8cN/dtex,伸度为23%,干热收缩率为6.5%。

Claims (8)

1.一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝,其特征是:所述聚醚酰亚胺单丝的横截面为椭圆形,断裂强度为3.0~4.0cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为15~40%,干热收缩率为5%~10%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝,其特征是:所述椭圆横截面的离心率为0~0.34。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝,其特征是:所述单丝的直径范围为0.20~1.2mm,纤度为390~14000 D。
4.一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝的制备方法,其特征是:将聚醚酰亚胺树脂进行干燥,然后采用单螺杆挤出机进行纺丝,经液体冷却后,采用卧式牵伸机组进行拉丝,收卷制得大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝。
5.根据权利要求4所述的大直径聚醚酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征是:所述干燥方法为转鼓抽真空干燥,真空度为﹣0.09~0.06MPa,干燥温度150~180℃,干燥时间4~8小时,干燥后聚醚酰亚胺树脂的水分率≤80ppm。
6.根据权利要求4所述的大直径聚醚酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征是:所述单螺杆挤出机螺杆规格为φ30~φ65mm,长径比25:1~29:1,螺杆各区温度及纺丝温度为330~380℃。
7.根据权利要求4所述的大直径聚醚酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征是:所述液体冷却,冷却液体为由去离子水、抗静电剂、和乳化剂组成;其中水的质量比为95~98%,抗静电剂脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯钠盐的质量比为0.5~1.5%,乳化剂聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯1.5~3.5%,冷却液温度为70~95℃。
8.根据权利要求4所述的大直径聚醚酰亚胺的制备方法,其特征是:所述拉丝工艺为两级拉伸一级定型,一级拉伸为热风拉伸、温度220~270℃、拉伸倍率2.8~3.6倍,二级拉伸采用热风拉伸、拉伸温度280~320℃、拉伸倍率1.10~1.50倍,定型温度250~350℃、松弛率2~5%。
CN202011574668.9A 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 一种大直径聚醚酰亚胺单丝及其制备方法 Pending CN112575405A (zh)

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CN114164504A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-11 浙江宝力特种丝业有限公司 一种大直径聚酯单丝生产工艺

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CN102362021A (zh) * 2009-03-26 2012-02-22 株式会社可乐丽 非晶性聚醚酰亚胺类纤维和耐热性布帛

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101454490A (zh) * 2006-03-25 2009-06-10 沙伯基础创新塑料知识产权有限公司 包括纤维的染色牢固的被染色聚醚酰亚胺制品
CN101511939A (zh) * 2006-07-10 2009-08-19 沙伯基础创新塑料知识产权有限公司 包含聚醚酰亚胺的纤维及其制备方法
CN101809067A (zh) * 2007-07-26 2010-08-18 沙伯基础创新塑料知识产权有限公司 可结晶的聚醚酰亚胺、制备方法和由其获得的制品
CN102362021A (zh) * 2009-03-26 2012-02-22 株式会社可乐丽 非晶性聚醚酰亚胺类纤维和耐热性布帛

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114164504A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-11 浙江宝力特种丝业有限公司 一种大直径聚酯单丝生产工艺

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