CN112568054A - 一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架 - Google Patents
一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
- A01M29/16—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using sound waves
- A01M29/18—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using sound waves using ultrasonic signals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
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- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,通过在葡萄种植架本体上安装有若干个超声波驱鸟器,能够有效地驱逐鸟类,避免鸟类啄食葡萄,通过在葡萄种植架本体外表面涂覆杀虫涂料,有效的杀死害虫,该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架的防虫鸟效果好,有效的降低了葡萄种植的经济损失,该杀虫涂料的杀虫成分主要是高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯,通过将高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯负载到预处理后的海泡石中,预处理后的海泡石能够有效地吸附高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯,并能很好地保护其有效成分,使得在杀虫涂料成膜之后,高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯的活性成分通过预处理后的海泡石已有的通道不断析出,以毒杀与之接触的害虫。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农业领域,具体涉及一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架。
背景技术
葡萄的营养价值很高,可制成葡萄汁、葡萄干和葡萄酒。粒大、皮厚、汁少、水多,皮肉易分离,味道酸甜可口,耐贮运的欧亚种葡萄又称为提子,一般成簇生长,有黄绿色、红色、黑蓝色或紫色。果肉外有层薄皮,皮外有薄霜,有些品种无籽。葡萄既可做水果生食,也可酿酒或制作葡萄干。
目前,在葡萄种植过程中,一般需要进行虫害防治和驱鸟,鸟类啄食葡萄造成重大经济损失,而虫害更为严重,虫害防治包括叶蝉、天蛾、虎天牛、牧草虫、绿盲蝽等害虫。
因此,如何改善现有的葡萄种植过程中易于受到虫害以及鸟类啄食造成巨大的经济损失是本发明需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为了克服上述的技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供了一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架:通过在葡萄种植架本体上安装有若干个超声波驱鸟器,能够有效地驱逐鸟类,避免鸟类啄食葡萄,通过在葡萄种植架本体外表面涂覆杀虫涂料,有效的杀死害虫,解决了现有的葡萄种植过程中易于受到虫害以及鸟类啄食造成巨大的经济损失的问题。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,包括葡萄种植架本体以及葡萄种植架本体外表面涂覆的杀虫涂料,所述葡萄种植架本体上安装有若干个超声波驱鸟器;
该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架由以下步骤制备得到:
步骤一:将成型后的木制葡萄种植架本体采用砂纸进行打磨处理;
步骤二:将打磨处理后的葡萄种植架本体清洁干净,然后均匀涂刷杀虫涂料,自然晾干后,得到具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架;
步骤三:在具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架上安装若干个超声波驱鸟器,得到该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述杀虫涂料包括以下重量份原料:纯丙乳液40-60份、水20-40份、预处理后的海泡石15-35份、增稠剂0.1-0.5份、高效氟氯氰菊酯8-16份、溴氰菊酯6-12份、钛白粉1-5份、重质碳酸钙1-5份、成膜助剂2-6份、消泡剂0.1-0.5份、pH调节剂0.5-1.5份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.5份。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述增稠剂为羟甲基纤维素;所述成膜助剂为丙二醇丁醚;所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯;所述pH调节剂为磷酸二氢钠;所述抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1010。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述杀虫涂料的制备方法如下:
S1:将高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯加入至搅拌罐中,在转速为100-200r/min的条件下搅拌10-20min,然后向高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯混合物中加入预处理后的海泡石,继续搅拌30-40min,搅拌均匀后静置24-48h,得到载体杀虫剂;
S2:将水加入分散罐中,在转速为500-800r/min的条件下依次加入钛白粉、重质碳酸钙搅拌分散20-30min后,加入载体杀虫剂继续搅拌分散30-60min,然后加入纯丙乳液、增稠剂、成膜助剂、消泡剂、pH调节剂、抗氧化剂在转速为100-200r/min的条件下搅拌分散1-2h,得到该杀虫涂料。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述预处理后的海泡石的制备方法如下:
S11:将海泡石矿粉加入烧杯中,然后加入盐酸溶液,在温度为60-80℃,转速为50-100r/min的条件下加热搅拌7-9h,然后将盐酸溶液处理后的海泡石矿粉依次用无水乙醇和去离子水进行洗涤直至呈中性为止,然后将洗涤后的海泡石矿粉经过干燥研磨,得到产物A;
S12:将产物A与异丙醇、盐酸溶液混合后,常温下以50-100r/min搅拌2-3h,然后超声分散2-3h,然后加入苯基三乙氧基硅烷在温度为60-70℃,转速为100-200r/min的条件下搅拌12-15h后,得到产物B,然后将产物B静置冷却至室温后,依次用无水乙醇和去离子水反复洗涤至中性,然后将产物B在90-100℃的条件下干燥2-3h后粉碎,得到产物C;
S13:向产物C中加入浓硫酸,在温度为90-110℃,转速为100-200r/min的条件下搅拌20-30h,抽滤后得到产物D,然后将产物D依次用无水乙醇和去离子水反复洗涤至中性后,干燥得到预处理后的海泡石。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述盐酸溶液的物质的量浓度为1.5mol/L;所述浓硫酸的质量分数为98.3%;S11中所述盐酸溶液、海泡石矿粉的用量比为10-15mL:1g;S12中所述产物A与异丙醇、盐酸溶液的用量比为1g:15-19mL:1-5mL;S13中所述产物C与浓硫酸的重量比为1:40-60。
作为本发明进一步的方案:该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架的制备方法如下:
步骤一:将成型后的木制葡萄种植架本体采用砂纸进行打磨处理;
步骤二:将打磨处理后的葡萄种植架本体清洁干净,然后均匀涂刷杀虫涂料,自然晾干后,得到具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架;
步骤三:在具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架上安装若干个超声波驱鸟器,得到该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明的一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,通过在葡萄种植架本体上安装有若干个超声波驱鸟器,能够有效地驱逐鸟类,避免鸟类啄食葡萄,通过在葡萄种植架本体外表面涂覆杀虫涂料,有效的杀死害虫,该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架的防虫鸟效果好,有效的降低了葡萄种植的经济损失;
通过将高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯加入至搅拌罐中,搅拌均匀后向高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯混合物中加入预处理后的海泡石,继续搅拌,搅拌均匀得到载体杀虫剂,该杀虫涂料的杀虫成分主要是高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯,通过将高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯负载到预处理后的海泡石中,海泡石是一种很强的吸附材料,其链状和层状纤维的过渡型结构,决定它拥有包括贯穿整个结构的微孔以及大的比表面积,由于在杀虫涂料成膜之前预处理后的海泡石已均匀分布于涂层中,它能够有效地吸附高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯,并能很好地保护其有效成分,它所吸附的高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯的活性成分逐步迁移到涂膜表面结晶,并将杀虫基团暴露在外,而不被填料所包覆,在杀虫涂料成膜之后,高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯的活性成分通过预处理后的海泡石已有的通道不断析出,以毒杀与之接触的害虫;
其中,预处理后的海泡石较普通海泡石相比,通过盐酸溶液一方面去除了海泡石含有的杂质,另一方面使海泡石骨架镁逐步脱除,Mg2+被H+取代形成新的Si-OH,打开海泡石内部通道,增加了海泡石的比表面积和微孔孔容体积,使得高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯更易负载到海泡石中,进一步的提高了杀虫效果。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
本实施例为一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,包括葡萄种植架本体以及葡萄种植架本体外表面涂覆的杀虫涂料,所述葡萄种植架本体上安装有若干个超声波驱鸟器;
该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架由以下步骤制备得到:
步骤一:将成型后的木制葡萄种植架本体采用砂纸进行打磨处理;
步骤二:将打磨处理后的葡萄种植架本体清洁干净,然后均匀涂刷杀虫涂料,自然晾干后,得到具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架;
步骤三:在具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架上安装若干个超声波驱鸟器,得到该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架。
所述杀虫涂料包括以下重量份原料:纯丙乳液40份、水20份、预处理后的海泡石15份、增稠剂0.1份、高效氟氯氰菊酯8份、溴氰菊酯6份、钛白粉1份、重质碳酸钙1份、成膜助剂2份、消泡剂0.1份、pH调节剂0.5份、抗氧化剂0.1份。
所述增稠剂为羟甲基纤维素;所述成膜助剂为丙二醇丁醚;所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯;所述pH调节剂为磷酸二氢钠;所述抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1010。
所述杀虫涂料的制备方法如下:
S1:将高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯加入至搅拌罐中,在转速为100r/min的条件下搅拌10min,然后向高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯混合物中加入预处理后的海泡石,继续搅拌30min,搅拌均匀后静置24h,得到载体杀虫剂;
S2:将水加入分散罐中,在转速为500r/min的条件下依次加入钛白粉、重质碳酸钙搅拌分散20min后,加入载体杀虫剂继续搅拌分散30min,然后加入纯丙乳液、增稠剂、成膜助剂、消泡剂、pH调节剂、抗氧化剂在转速为100r/min的条件下搅拌分散1h,得到该杀虫涂料。
所述预处理后的海泡石的制备方法如下:
S11:将海泡石矿粉加入烧杯中,然后加入盐酸溶液,在温度为60℃,转速为50r/min的条件下加热搅拌7h,然后将盐酸溶液处理后的海泡石矿粉依次用无水乙醇和去离子水进行洗涤直至呈中性为止,然后将洗涤后的海泡石矿粉经过干燥研磨,得到产物A;
S12:将产物A与异丙醇、盐酸溶液混合后,常温下以50r/min搅拌2h,然后超声分散2h,然后加入苯基三乙氧基硅烷在温度为60℃,转速为100r/min的条件下搅拌12h后,得到产物B,然后将产物B静置冷却至室温后,依次用无水乙醇和去离子水反复洗涤至中性,然后将产物B在90℃的条件下干燥2h后粉碎,得到产物C;
S13:向产物C中加入浓硫酸,在温度为90℃,转速为100r/min的条件下搅拌20h,抽滤后得到产物D,然后将产物D依次用无水乙醇和去离子水反复洗涤至中性后,干燥得到预处理后的海泡石。
所述盐酸溶液的物质的量浓度为1.5mol/L;所述浓硫酸的质量分数为98.3%;S11中所述盐酸溶液、海泡石矿粉的用量比为10mL:1g;S12中所述产物A与异丙醇、盐酸溶液的用量比为1g:15mL:1mL;S13中所述产物C与浓硫酸的重量比为1:40。
实施例2:
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于:
所述杀虫涂料包括以下重量份原料:纯丙乳液60份、水40份、预处理后的海泡石35份、增稠剂0.5份、高效氟氯氰菊酯16份、溴氰菊酯12份、钛白粉5份、重质碳酸钙5份、成膜助剂6份、消泡剂0.5份、pH调节剂1.5份、抗氧化剂0.5份。
所述增稠剂为羟甲基纤维素;所述成膜助剂为丙二醇丁醚;所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯;所述pH调节剂为磷酸二氢钠;所述抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1010。
所述杀虫涂料的制备方法如下:
S1:将高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯加入至搅拌罐中,在转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌20min,然后向高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯混合物中加入预处理后的海泡石,继续搅拌40min,搅拌均匀后静置48h,得到载体杀虫剂;
S2:将水加入分散罐中,在转速为800r/min的条件下依次加入钛白粉、重质碳酸钙搅拌分散30min后,加入载体杀虫剂继续搅拌分散60min,然后加入纯丙乳液、增稠剂、成膜助剂、消泡剂、pH调节剂、抗氧化剂在转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌分散2h,得到该杀虫涂料。
所述预处理后的海泡石的制备方法如下:
S11:将海泡石矿粉加入烧杯中,然后加入盐酸溶液,在温度为80℃,转速为100r/min的条件下加热搅拌9h,然后将盐酸溶液处理后的海泡石矿粉依次用无水乙醇和去离子水进行洗涤直至呈中性为止,然后将洗涤后的海泡石矿粉经过干燥研磨,得到产物A;
S12:将产物A与异丙醇、盐酸溶液混合后,常温下以100r/min搅拌3h,然后超声分散3h,然后加入苯基三乙氧基硅烷在温度为70℃,转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌15h后,得到产物B,然后将产物B静置冷却至室温后,依次用无水乙醇和去离子水反复洗涤至中性,然后将产物B在100℃的条件下干燥3h后粉碎,得到产物C;
S13:向产物C中加入浓硫酸,在温度为110℃,转速为200r/min的条件下搅拌30h,抽滤后得到产物D,然后将产物D依次用无水乙醇和去离子水反复洗涤至中性后,干燥得到预处理后的海泡石。
所述盐酸溶液的物质的量浓度为1.5mol/L;所述浓硫酸的质量分数为98.3%;S11中所述盐酸溶液、海泡石矿粉的用量比为15mL:1g;S12中所述产物A与异丙醇、盐酸溶液的用量比为1g:19mL:5mL;S13中所述产物C与浓硫酸的重量比为1:60。
对比例1:
对比例1为一种不添加预处理后的海泡石的杀虫涂料;
对比例2:
对比例2为一种将预处理后的海泡石替换成普通的海泡石的杀虫涂料。
根据GB13917.1-92《生物药效测试》对实施例1-2以及对比例1-2的杀虫涂料的杀灭效果性能进行检测,灭杀对象选择蚂蚁,检测结果如下表所示:
样品 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 |
击倒时间/min | 33 | 29 | 52 | 45 |
死亡时间/min | 102 | 95 | 146 | 128 |
击倒时间是指蚂蚁倒地不能自由活动的时间,死亡时间是指蚂蚁缩成一团彻底死亡的时间。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明所作的举例和说明,所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,只要不偏离发明或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围,均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,其特征在于,包括葡萄种植架本体以及葡萄种植架本体外表面涂覆的杀虫涂料,所述葡萄种植架本体上安装有若干个超声波驱鸟器;
该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架由以下步骤制备得到:
步骤一:将成型后的木制葡萄种植架本体采用砂纸进行打磨处理;
步骤二:将打磨处理后的葡萄种植架本体清洁干净,然后均匀涂刷杀虫涂料,自然晾干后,得到具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架;
步骤三:在具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架上安装若干个超声波驱鸟器,得到该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,其特征在于,所述杀虫涂料包括以下重量份原料:纯丙乳液40-60份、水20-40份、预处理后的海泡石15-35份、增稠剂0.1-0.5份、高效氟氯氰菊酯8-16份、溴氰菊酯6-12份、钛白粉1-5份、重质碳酸钙1-5份、成膜助剂2-6份、消泡剂0.1-0.5份、pH调节剂0.5-1.5份、抗氧化剂0.1-0.5份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,其特征在于,所述增稠剂为羟甲基纤维素;所述成膜助剂为丙二醇丁醚;所述消泡剂为磷酸三丁酯;所述pH调节剂为磷酸二氢钠;所述抗氧化剂为抗氧化剂1010。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,其特征在于,所述杀虫涂料的制备方法如下:
S1:将高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯加入至搅拌罐中,在转速为100-200r/min的条件下搅拌10-20min,然后向高效氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯混合物中加入预处理后的海泡石,继续搅拌30-40min,搅拌均匀后静置24-48h,得到载体杀虫剂;
S2:将水加入分散罐中,在转速为500-800r/min的条件下依次加入钛白粉、重质碳酸钙搅拌分散20-30min后,加入载体杀虫剂继续搅拌分散30-60min,然后加入纯丙乳液、增稠剂、成膜助剂、消泡剂、pH调节剂、抗氧化剂在转速为100-200r/min的条件下搅拌分散1-2h,得到该杀虫涂料。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,其特征在于,所述预处理后的海泡石的制备方法如下:
S11:将海泡石矿粉加入烧杯中,然后加入盐酸溶液,在温度为60-80℃,转速为50-100r/min的条件下加热搅拌7-9h,然后将盐酸溶液处理后的海泡石矿粉依次用无水乙醇和去离子水进行洗涤直至呈中性为止,然后将洗涤后的海泡石矿粉经过干燥研磨,得到产物A;
S12:将产物A与异丙醇、盐酸溶液混合后,常温下以50-100r/min搅拌2-3h,然后超声分散2-3h,然后加入苯基三乙氧基硅烷在温度为60-70℃,转速为100-200r/min的条件下搅拌12-15h后,得到产物B,然后将产物B静置冷却至室温后,依次用无水乙醇和去离子水反复洗涤至中性,然后将产物B在90-100℃的条件下干燥2-3h后粉碎,得到产物C;
S13:向产物C中加入浓硫酸,在温度为90-110℃,转速为100-200r/min的条件下搅拌20-30h,抽滤后得到产物D,然后将产物D依次用无水乙醇和去离子水反复洗涤至中性后,干燥得到预处理后的海泡石。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,其特征在于,所述盐酸溶液的物质的量浓度为1.5mol/L;所述浓硫酸的质量分数为98.3%;S11中所述盐酸溶液、海泡石矿粉的用量比为10-15mL:1g;S12中所述产物A与异丙醇、盐酸溶液的用量比为1g:15-19mL:1-5mL;S13中所述产物C与浓硫酸的重量比为1:40-60。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架,其特征在于,该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架的制备方法如下:
步骤一:将成型后的木制葡萄种植架本体采用砂纸进行打磨处理;
步骤二:将打磨处理后的葡萄种植架本体清洁干净,然后均匀涂刷杀虫涂料,自然晾干后,得到具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架;
步骤三:在具有防虫功能的葡萄种植架上安装若干个超声波驱鸟器,得到该具有防虫鸟功能的葡萄种植架。
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