CN112553734A

CN112553734A - Method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by utilizing electrostatic spinning nanotechnology

Info

Publication number: CN112553734A
Application number: CN202011380460.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严涛海; 时雅菁; 林瑜; 庄慧敏; 柯惠珍; 袁小红; 李永贵
Original assignee: Minjiang University
Current assignee: Minjiang University
Priority date: 2020-11-30
Filing date: 2020-11-30
Publication date: 2021-03-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by utilizing an electrostatic spinning nanotechnology, which comprises the following steps of S1: opening, picking and carding the long staple cotton; s2: dissolving low-melting-point polyester by using a solvent through stirring, and adding a functional material to prepare a spinning solution; s3: performing two drawing processes on the cotton bundle obtained in the step S1, performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution in the merging process, coating and mixing the electrostatic spinning micro-nano fibers in the long stapled cotton in the merging process, and further uniformly mixing the electrostatic spinning micro-nano fibers and the long stapled cotton in the merging process to obtain a composite cotton bundle; s4: and (3) sequentially carrying out roving, spinning, slashing, weaving and post-treatment processes on the composite cotton bundle to obtain the multifunctional blended yarn. The invention adopts the process, can improve the non-ironing performance and the mechanical property of the yarn, and simultaneously, the fabric has corresponding functional attributes because the functional material is added in the electrostatic spinning process.

Description

Method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by utilizing electrostatic spinning nanotechnology

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and particularly relates to a method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by utilizing an electrostatic spinning nanotechnology.

Background

Electrospinning is a special fiber manufacturing process, where polymer solutions or melts are jet spun in a strong electric field. Under the action of the electric field, the liquid drop at the needle head changes from a spherical shape to a conical shape (i.e. a Taylor cone) and extends from the tip of the cone to obtain a fiber filament. The electrostatic spinning technology is the most economical and industrialized technology for preparing nano-scale to micron-scale polymer fibers, and the micro-nanofiber prepared by the electrostatic spinning technology has the characteristics of large specific surface area, high porosity, easy size control, easy surface functionalization (such as surface coating and surface modification) and the like, and has important application value in many fields. The electrostatic spinning does not use high temperature, and the functional property of the functional material can not be damaged.

The low-melting-point fiber is a fiber tissue, is produced by composite spinning of common polyester and modified polyester, and can be melted and bonded with other fibers at lower temperature of the common polyester. Excellent thermal bonding performance, easy mixing with other fiber, washing resistance, stable processability and good elasticity. Low-melting fibers are classified into three groups, polyolefins, polyamides, and polyesters.

At present, common fiber materials do not have functionality, and personalized consumption is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by utilizing an electrostatic spinning nanotechnology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by utilizing an electrostatic spinning nanotechnology comprises the following steps:

s1: opening, picking and carding the long staple cotton;

s2: dissolving low-melting-point polyester by using a solvent through stirring, and adding a functional material to prepare a spinning solution, wherein the functional material is an anti-ultraviolet material, a material with infrared physiotherapy, anion health care and magnetic therapy performances or an anti-mosquito material;

s3: performing two drawing processes on the cotton bundle obtained in the step S1, performing electrostatic spinning on the spinning solution obtained in the step S2 in a merging process, coating and mixing electrostatic spinning micro-nano fibers in the long stapled cotton in the merging process, and further uniformly mixing the electrostatic spinning micro-nano fibers and the long stapled cotton in a merging process to obtain a composite cotton bundle;

s4: and (5) sequentially carrying out roving, spinning, slashing, weaving and post-treatment on the composite cotton bundle obtained in the step (S3) to obtain the multifunctional blended yarn.

Furthermore, the mass ratio of the raw materials is 80-99% of the long stapled cotton and 1-20% of the electrostatic spinning micro-nano fiber.

Step S2, the solvent is dichloromethane, trichloromethane or DMF; in the spinning solution, the low-melting-point polyester accounts for 3-35% of the mass fraction of the spinning solution, and the functional material accounts for 0.1-10% of the mass fraction of the spinning solution.

The ultraviolet-resistant material is benzophenone, salicylate or benzotriazole; the material with infrared physiotherapy, anion health care and magnetic therapy performance is heating wire, stone needle, taiji stone, tourmaline or graphene; the mosquito-proof material is Yimening, deet, Ecamtin or Eucalyptus citriodora oil.

The opening and picking process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-65%, the opening roller rotating speed is 180-.

The cotton carding process parameters are that the temperature is 25-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-65%, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 100-.

The drawing process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-65%,

together: the sliver discharging speed is 3-20 times, the total drafting multiple is 5-30m/min, the drafting multiple of the rear zone is 1.0-10.0 times, the drafting multiple of the middle zone is 1.0-10.0 times, and the drafting multiple of the front zone is 1.0-20.0 times;

secondly, combining: the drawing speed is 3-20 times, the total drafting multiple is 5-30m/min, the drafting multiple of the rear zone is 1.0-10.0 times, the drafting multiple of the middle zone is 1.0-10.0 times, and the drafting multiple of the front zone is 1.0-20.0 times.

The roving process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-65%, the roving number is 100-.

The spun yarn process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-65%, the twist coefficient is 50-600, the twist is 10-500T/m, and the twist shrinkage is 0.5-25%.

The after-finishing is carried out by adopting a setting machine at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ and at the setting speed of 1-35 m/min.

The method is suitable for all yarns prepared by using cotton type spinning machinery, and cotton type fibers are replaced by other short fibers.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: by using the method, after the micro-nano fibers are mixed into the yarn, the micro-nano fibers can be more uniformly distributed in the yarn body, the specific surface area of the yarn is greatly increased, and the filtering performance of the yarn is improved when the yarn is used for filtering materials. After the functional material is added in the electrostatic spinning process, the yarn has functionality. The low-melting-point fibers have the function of an adhesive after being melted, and the fibers are bonded with each other, so that the non-ironing performance of the yarn and the mechanical performance of the yarn are improved. And the functional material is added in the electrostatic spinning process, and the functional material is uniformly dispersed in the fabric along with the flowing of the molten low-melting-point fiber, so that the fabric keeps permanent functional properties.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a multifunctional blended yarn made in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fiber after melting of a low melting point fiber.

Detailed Description

A method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by utilizing an electrostatic spinning nanotechnology uses a cotton type carding process route: raw material → cotton blending → cotton opening and picking → cotton combing → drawing (I) + electrostatic spinning → drawing (II) → roving → spun yarn → slashing → weaving → after-finishing

1. Raw material ratio

80% -99% of long stapled cotton;

1-20% of electrostatic spinning micro-nano fiber.

2. Selection of raw materials

Long stapled cotton is also known as sea island cotton, a cultivated cotton seed of the genus Malvaceae, because of its longer fibers. The long staple cotton has long growth period and needs a large amount of heat. The long staple cotton has good quality, the fiber length is generally 33-39 mm, and the longest fiber length can reach 64 mm; the fineness is 7000-8500 m/g, and the width is 15-16 microns; the strength is high, 4 to 5 gram force per root, and the breaking length is 33 to 40 kilometers; the number of the turning curves is more, and is 80-120/cm. It is known as the "best cotton" in the world due to its high quality and long fiber.

Hot melt fibers are low melting chemical fibers that function as a binder. In the electrostatic spinning process, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, bromobenzene, aniline, pyridine dichloromethane, trichloromethane, DMF and the like are used for dissolving the low-melting point polyester, and solvents such as nontoxic and low-toxicity dichloromethane, trichloromethane, DMF and the like are preferred.

3. Opening and picking process

In the opening and picking process, the emphasis is on multi-carding, the uniform mixing degree is improved, the damage to fibers is avoided as much as possible, the impurity breakage is reduced, and meanwhile, the generation of short fibers and neps is reduced. Because the long staple cotton fiber has stronger hygroscopicity, when the temperature is too low and the relative humidity is too low, the appearance of the cotton fiber is waxed, the plasticity is reduced, the fiber is weakened, the strength is reduced, static electricity is easy to generate, and a roller is easy to wind, so that the evenness is improved; when the temperature is too high and the relative humidity is too high, the cotton wax is softened and the friction between fibers increases, which affects normal stretching and causes deterioration of the evenness. When the temperature is 25-26 ℃ and the relative humidity is 55-65%, the cotton wax is proper in hardness, the raw cotton is easy to decompose, and the single fiber is favorable for opening, dust removal and drafting, and is most suitable for opening. The main technical parameters of the opening process are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 major technical parameters of the opening process

4. Cotton carding process

Because the long staple cotton fiber has good elasticity and high fluffy degree, the spacing of each part of the cotton carding process should be kept in large balance. The PVA fiber and the long staple cotton fiber both have strong moisture absorption performance, when the temperature is kept between 25 ℃ and 26 ℃ and the relative humidity is 55-65%, the cotton wax is proper in hardness and easy to decompose the raw cotton, and the single fiber is favorable for opening, dust removal and drafting, so that the cotton carding is most suitable. In the process, the dryness of the equipment is kept as much as possible, and the phenomena of winding, congestion and the like are avoided. At the same time, the licker-in speed and the cylinder carding speed should also be specifically reduced to prevent the licker-in from returning flowers and neps. Meanwhile, the distance between the cover plate and the cylinder is properly enlarged, the fibers can be prevented from winding the cylinder and filling the cover plate, and the quality and the definition of the cotton net are improved. The leather roller cotton guide device is additionally arranged in front of the doffer so as to improve the supporting and drafting of the cotton web, and the tension of the cotton web can be reduced to the minimum as much as possible, so that the deterioration of the evenness is reduced, and the production rate is improved. The main technical parameters of the cotton carding process are shown in a table 2.

TABLE 2 main technical parameters of carding process

5. Drawing process

Because the long staple cotton fiber has good hygroscopicity and fluffiness, the dryness of machine parts needs to be paid attention to in the drawing process, the temperature is kept between 25 and 26 ℃, when the relative humidity is between 55 and 65 percent, the cotton wax is proper in hardness, the raw cotton is easy to decompose, the single fiber is favorable for opening, dust removal and drafting, and the drawing is most suitable at the moment. At the same time, the winding due to static electricity should be avoided as much as possible. During drawing, care must also be taken that evenness occurs. There are two types of evenness, regular evenness (mechanical wave) which is a periodic thickness due to malfunction of the elements of the drafting section, and irregular evenness (draft wave) which is a thickness due to irregular movement of the float fibers in the sliver during drafting. Therefore, the stability of the machine member must be maintained during drawing to avoid the generation of regular evenness (mechanical wave), and if the irregular evenness (drafting wave) occurs, the drawing process needs to be carried out again under the condition of obvious influence. In order to ensure the drawing uniformity, the drawing process adopts two drawing processes, and the two drawing processes adopt 4 drawing modes. The main technical parameters of the drawing process are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3 drawing process Main technical parameters

The electrostatic spinning is carried out simultaneously in a one-step process. The low-melting-point polyester is stirred and dissolved by using solvents such as nontoxic and low-toxicity dichloromethane, trichloromethane, DMF (dimethyl formamide) and the like, the low-melting-point polyester is stirred for 12 to 24 hours and then prepared into spinning solution, a spray head is in the form of a single spray head, a plurality of spray heads or a non-spray head and a plurality of jet flows and the like, a receiving end is a sliver plane, the spray head is aligned to the sliver, the distance between the spray head and the sliver is 3 to 40 cm. Because the iron piece is arranged below the sliver and is integrally grounded, the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber is captured by the sliver in the process of being grounded and is deposited on the sliver, the sliver is coated and mixed in the cotton fiber in the first sliver combining process, and the sliver is further mixed uniformly in the second sliver combining process. Therefore, the electrospun nanofibers are preferably mixed into the sliver at the first drawing, which facilitates uniform mixing of the nanofibers in the sliver. And the nanofiber is not recommended to be mixed in other processes, if the nanofiber is mixed in a cleaning process before drawing, a beater hits the fiber, but the electrostatic spinning micro-nanofiber has poor strength, and the fiber is damaged by beating.

In the process of preparing the spinning solution by stirring and dissolving the low-melting-point polyester by using solvents such as nontoxic and low-toxicity dichloromethane, trichloromethane, DMF and the like, the low melting point polyester (molecular weight is 5-30 ten thousand) accounts for 3-35% of the total solution, the thicker the nano fiber is, the functional material such as ultraviolet resistance, infrared ray physiotherapy, anion health care, magnetic therapy, mosquito prevention and the like is added, the content of the functional material accounts for 0.1-10% of the total solution, the materials are solidified in the yarn after the low-melting-point fibers are melted, the low-melting-point polyester plays a role of an adhesive after being melted, the fibers in the yarn are adhered together without moving under the action of the adhesive, so the low-melting-point polyester is melted to play the effects of non-ironing finishing and high strength, the functional materials preserved in the low-melting-point fibers do not influence the functionality of the yarn and the fabric prepared from the yarn in the yarn. However, it is necessary to ensure that the functionality on the surface of the yarn or fabric is not suitable for being added into low-melting-point polyester, such as antibacterial, waterproof, oilproof and antifouling functionalities, because the functionality requires the surface of the yarn or fabric to have the functionality so as to exert the functionality. However, the functional material is substantially within the yarn in this process, and therefore materials that partially require surface functionality are not recommended for use in this process.

The ultraviolet-resistant finishing agent is preferably an absorption type ultraviolet-resistant finishing agent, such as benzophenone, salicylate, benzotriazole and the like; the electric heating wire, the stone needle, the taiji stone, the tourmaline, the graphene and the like have the functions of infrared physiotherapy, negative ion, magnetic therapy and the like, and the ores are crushed to be nano-grade particle size, preferably about 10 nanometers and not more than 300 nanometers; the mosquito-proof functional finishing agent comprises Iimenin, DEET, Ecameratin, Eucalyptus citriodora oil, etc.

6. Roving process

Because the long stapled cotton fiber has good elasticity and high filling power and has high moisture absorption performance, the temperature of the roving process should be kept between 25 and 26 ℃ and the relative humidity between 55 and 65 percent, so the roving winding in the process is moderate, and the roving is uniform. It is not desirable to maintain the elongation of the roving too long during the roving process, which could result in poor yarn levelness of the roving. The twist of the roving is not suitable to be too large or too small, and the wet temperature is properly controlled, so that the winding of the roving is moderate and the roving is not too loose or too tight. The roving machine should be regularly cleaned to avoid flying flowers from attaching to the roving machine, and the roving strips are uneven due to the fact that the fibers are gathered and the flyers hang flowers. The main roving process parameters are shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 main parameters of the roving process

7. Spun yarn process

The long stapled cotton fiber has good hygroscopicity and bulkiness, so that the environment temperature is kept between 25 and 26 ℃ and the relative humidity is kept between 55 and 65 percent in the spinning process, thereby being beneficial to the smooth spinning. The total draft and the back draft of the spun yarn should not be too large, which may result in uneven yarn levelness of the spun yarn. Similarly, the gap between the rubber ring and the roller is not proper, the roller is not pressurized enough, and the uneven yarn evenness can be caused. During spinning, attention needs to be paid to the yarn returning winding on the spindle and the yarn pipe bunching yarn returning, and the yarn returning winding and the yarn pipe bunching yarn returning can cause the appearance of local thick yarn. The main parameters of the spinning process are shown in table 5.

TABLE 5 spinning Process Main parameters

8. Sizing process

For the weaving process partially needing sizing to ensure the wear resistance of the yarn, PVA is preferably used for sizing the yarn. The sizing process uses PVA1779 slurry, and the PVA1779 slurry is easy to form a film and has good flexibility and elasticity; the feather is easy to separate and twist, easy to penetrate and good in wear resistance and feather adhesion; the fiber is easy to be hydrophilic and has good affinity with cotton or other fibers; easy desizing, easy taking out of the sized fabric in boiling water under the action of a small amount of oxidant, quick biodegradation and environmental protection. The dissolution temperature of PVA1779 slurry is above 90 deg.C, and the slurry is prepared by slowly adding PVA slurry while stirring, expanding for 30 min, gradually raising the temperature and stirring to 90 deg.C or higher until all is dissolved. In the sizing process, attention needs to be paid to the pressure between the winding bobbin and the friction roller, and the contact pressure between the bobbin and the friction roller is too high, so that the yarns are easily overlapped. The contact pressure between the bobbin and the rubbing roller is too small, which results in uneven winding of the yarn on the bobbin. Main technical parameters of the sizing process are shown in a table 6.

TABLE 6 main technical parameters of sizing process

9. After finishing

Treated by a setting machine at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ and at the setting speed of 1-35 m/min. The low-melting-point fiber is melted at high temperature, and the melted polymer fluid is filled in the gaps of the yarns and bonds the fibers together, so that the non-ironing finishing is achieved and the yarn strength is improved. If low melting elastic fiber is used, the elastic fiber will also improve the elastic properties of the yarn after melting because of the elastic properties of the polymer itself.

Example 1

1. Raw material ratio

80% of long stapled cotton;

and (3) electrostatic spinning micro-nano fibers by 20%.

2. Opening and picking process

The opening and picking process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 55%, the rotating speed of the opening roller is 180r/min, and the opening speed ratio is 100 times.

3. Cotton carding process

The cotton carding process parameters are that the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 55%, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 100r/min, the surface linear speed ratio (the cylinder/a licker-in) is 2 times, the net outlet speed is 0.5m/min, and the total drafting speed (doffer/cotton feeding) is 10 times.

4. Drawing process

Keeping the temperature at 25 ℃ and the relative humidity at 55 percent. In order to ensure the drawing uniformity, the drawing process adopts two drawing processes, and the two drawing processes adopt 4 drawing modes.

TABLE 7 main technical parameters of drawing process

The electrostatic spinning is carried out simultaneously in a one-step process. And (2) stirring and dissolving the low-melting-point polyester by using nontoxic and low-toxicity dichloromethane, stirring for 12 hours, and preparing a spinning solution, wherein a spray head is in a single spray head form, a receiving end is a sliver plane, the spray head is aligned to the sliver, the distance between the spray head and the sliver is 3-40cm, and the shorter the distance is, the longer the distance is, the shorter the length is. Because the iron piece is arranged below the sliver and is integrally grounded, the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber is captured by the sliver in the process of being grounded and is deposited on the sliver, the sliver is coated and mixed in the cotton fiber in the first sliver combining process, and the sliver is further mixed uniformly in the second sliver combining process.

In the process of preparing the spinning solution by stirring and dissolving the low-melting-point polyester by using nontoxic and low-toxicity dichloromethane, the low-melting-point polyester (with the molecular weight of 5-30 ten thousand) accounts for 3% of the total solution by mass, and simultaneously, an anti-ultraviolet material (or an anti-mosquito material) is added, wherein the anti-ultraviolet material accounts for 0.1% of the total solution by mass, and the anti-ultraviolet finishing agent is preferably an absorption type anti-ultraviolet finishing agent, such as benzophenone, salicylate, benzotriazole and the like. The mosquito-proof material is Yimengning, DEET, Ecameratin, Eucalyptus citriodora oil, etc.

5. Roving process

The roving process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 55%, the roving number is 100tex, the twist coefficient is 30, the twist degree is 10T/m, the back zone drafting multiple is 1.0 time, the front zone drafting multiple is 1.0 time, and the mechanical drafting is 1.0 time.

6. Spun yarn process

The spun yarn process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 55%, the twist coefficient is 50, the twist number is 10T/m, and the twist shrinkage is 0.5%.

7. Sizing process

The sizing process uses PVA1779 slurry, the dissolving temperature of the PVA1779 slurry is above 90 ℃, the PVA slurry is slowly added while stirring, the mixture is expanded for 30 minutes, and then the temperature is gradually raised and the mixture is stirred to 90 ℃ until the PVA slurry is completely dissolved. The sizing process parameters are as follows: the sizing speed is 0.5m/min, and the oven temperature is 45 ℃.

8. After finishing

Treated by a setting machine at the temperature of 150 ℃ and the setting speed of 35 m/min.

Example 2

1. Raw material ratio

99% of long stapled cotton;

1% of electrostatic spinning micro-nano fiber.

2. Opening and picking process

The opening and picking process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 26 ℃, the relative humidity is 65%, the rotating speed of the opening roller is 3000r/min, and the opening speed ratio is 1000 times.

3. Cotton carding process

The carding process parameters are that the temperature is 26 ℃, the relative humidity is 65%, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 2500r/min, the surface linear speed ratio (cylinder/licker-in) is 12 times, the net discharging speed is 50m/min, and the total drafting speed (doffer/cotton feeding) is 200 times.

4. Drawing process

The temperature was maintained at 26 ℃ and the relative humidity at 65%. In order to ensure the drawing uniformity, the drawing process adopts two drawing processes, and the two drawing processes adopt 4 drawing modes.

TABLE 8 drawing process Main technical parameters

The electrostatic spinning is carried out simultaneously in a one-step process. The low-melting-point polyester is stirred and dissolved by using a non-toxic and low-toxicity trichloromethane solvent, the low-melting-point polyester is stirred for 24 hours to prepare a spinning solution, a spray head is in a multi-spray-head form, a receiving end is a strip plane, the spray head is aligned with a strip, the distance between the spray head and the strip is 3-40cm, and the shorter the distance is, the longer the distance is, the shorter the distance is. Because the iron piece is arranged below the sliver and is integrally grounded, the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber is captured by the sliver in the process of being grounded and is deposited on the sliver, the sliver is coated and mixed in the cotton fiber in the first sliver combining process, and the sliver is further mixed uniformly in the second sliver combining process.

In the process of preparing the spinning solution by stirring and dissolving low-melting-point polyester by using non-toxic and low-toxicity trichloromethane, the low-melting-point polyester (with the molecular weight of 5-30 ten thousand) accounts for 35 percent of the mass of the total solution, and functional materials with infrared physiotherapy, anion health care and magnetic therapy are added simultaneously, the content of the functional materials accounts for 10 percent of the mass of the total solution,

the functional materials with infrared physiotherapy, anion health care and magnetic therapy functions comprise heating wires, stone needles, taiji stones, tourmaline, graphene and the like.

5. Roving process

The roving process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 26 ℃, the relative humidity is 65%, the roving number is 2000tex, the twist factor is 400, the twist degree is 120T/m, the back zone drafting multiple is 12.0 times, the front zone drafting multiple is 12.0 times, and the mechanical drafting is 30.0 times.

6. Spun yarn process

The spun yarn process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 26 ℃, the relative humidity is 65%, the twist coefficient is 600, the twist number is 500T/m, and the twist shrinkage is 25%.

7. Sizing process

The sizing process uses PVA1779 slurry, the dissolving temperature of the PVA1779 slurry is above 90 ℃, the PVA slurry is slowly added while stirring, the mixture is expanded for 30 minutes, and then the temperature is gradually raised and the mixture is stirred to 93 ℃ until the PVA slurry is completely dissolved. The sizing process parameters are as follows: the sizing speed is 200m/min, and the oven temperature is 110 ℃.

8. After finishing

Treated by a setting machine at 180 ℃ and at a setting speed of 1 m/min.

Example 3

1. Raw material ratio

90% of long staple cotton;

and 10% of electrostatic spinning micro-nano fibers.

2. Opening and picking process

The opening and picking process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 60%, the rotating speed of the opening roller is 1500r/min, and the opening speed ratio is 500 times.

3. Cotton carding process

The carding process parameters are that the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 60%, the rotating speed of a cylinder is 1300r/min, the surface linear speed ratio (cylinder/licker-in) is 7 times, the net outlet speed is 25m/min, and the total drafting speed (doffer/cotton feeding) is 100 times.

4. Drawing process

The temperature was maintained at 25 ℃ and the relative humidity at 60%. In order to ensure the drawing uniformity, the drawing process adopts two drawing processes, and the two drawing processes adopt 4 drawing modes.

TABLE 9 main technical parameters of drawing process

The electrostatic spinning is carried out simultaneously in a one-step process. And (2) stirring and dissolving the low-melting-point polyester by using a nontoxic low-toxicity DMF (dimethyl formamide) solvent, stirring for 18 hours, and preparing a spinning solution, wherein a spray head is in a spray head-free multi-jet flow form, a receiving end is a strip plane, the spray head is aligned to a strip, the distance between the spray head and the strip is 3-40cm, and the shorter the distance is, the longer the distance is. Because the iron piece is arranged below the sliver and is integrally grounded, the electrostatic spinning nano-fiber is captured by the sliver in the process of being grounded and is deposited on the sliver, the sliver is coated and mixed in the cotton fiber in the first sliver combining process, and the sliver is further mixed uniformly in the second sliver combining process.

In the process of preparing the spinning solution by stirring and dissolving the low-melting-point polyester by using a nontoxic low-toxicity DMF solvent, the low-melting-point polyester (with the molecular weight of 5-30 ten thousand) accounts for 20 percent of the mass of the total solution, and the salicylate ultraviolet-proof functional agent is added at the same time and accounts for 0.5-3.0 percent of the mass of the total solution respectively.

5. Roving process

The roving process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 60%, the roving number is 1000tex, the twist factor is 200, the twist degree is 65T/m, the back zone drafting multiple is 6.5 times, the front zone drafting multiple is 6.5 times, and the mechanical drafting is 15.0 times.

6. Spun yarn process

The spun yarn process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25 ℃, the relative humidity is 60%, the twist coefficient is 320, the twist number is 260T/m, and the twist shrinkage is 12%.

7. Sizing process

The sizing process uses PVA1779 slurry, the dissolving temperature of the PVA1779 slurry is above 90 ℃, the PVA slurry is slowly added while stirring, the mixture is expanded for 30 minutes, and then the temperature is gradually raised and the mixture is stirred to 90 ℃ until the PVA slurry is completely dissolved. The sizing process parameters are as follows: the sizing speed is 100m/min, and the oven temperature is 80 ℃.

8. After finishing

After being treated by a setting machine, the temperature is 165 ℃, and the setting speed is 18 m/min.

The cross section of the yarn prepared in this example is shown in fig. 1, and the cross section of the fiber after melting the low-melting fiber is shown in fig. 2. It can be seen that the normal cross section of the yarn is provided with a certain gap, after the low-melting-point fiber is melted, the gap is filled with the low-melting-point polymer, and the fiber are bonded together by the polymer, so that the strength of the yarn is increased.

Performance testing

(1) Yarn strength

TABLE 10 maximum tenacity, elongation at break, tenacity at break, elongation at break of the yarns

After the low-melting-point fibers are melted, the fibers in the yarn are bonded more closely, so that the strength of the yarn is improved. After the spandex is melted, the elasticity of the yarn can be improved, and the breaking elongation can be improved.

(2) Bending resistance

The bending stiffness of a fabric is related to hand feel, the lower the bending stiffness of the fabric, the better the softness of the fabric. The lower the bending stiffness, the smaller the protrusion length and the bending length.

The test was carried out according to GB/T38201997 "determination of thickness of textiles and textile products", the sample size was 25mm x 250mm, the yarn was dimensioned and the weave was consistent.

TABLE 11

The low-melting-point fiber is melted and then fills the gap, so that the bending length of the fabric is lengthened, the fabric is stiffer, and the non-ironing performance is improved.

(3) Ultraviolet protection test data

The fabric with the tightness of 100% prepared by the yarn prepared by the method has the ultraviolet-proof function because the added salicylate ultraviolet-proof functional agent has the ultraviolet-proof function in the content of more than 0.5%, so that the whole ultraviolet-proof coefficient is 100+, and the ultraviolet-proof effect is good.

TABLE 12

Claims

1. A method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by utilizing an electrostatic spinning nanotechnology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: opening, picking and carding the long staple cotton;

2. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the raw materials is 80-99% of the long stapled cotton and 1-20% of the electrostatic spinning micro-nano fiber.

3. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step S2, the solvent is dichloromethane, trichloromethane or DMF; in the spinning solution, the low-melting-point polyester accounts for 3-35% of the mass fraction of the spinning solution, and the functional material accounts for 0.1-10% of the mass fraction of the spinning solution.

4. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ultraviolet-resistant material is benzophenone, salicylate or benzotriazole; the material with infrared physiotherapy, anion health care and magnetic therapy performance is heating wire, stone needle, taiji stone, tourmaline or graphene; the mosquito-proof material is Yimening, deet, Ecamtin or Eucalyptus citriodora oil.

5. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the opening and picking process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-65%, the rotating speed of the opening roller is 180-;

6. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:

7. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the roving process parameters are as follows: the temperature is 25-26 ℃, the relative humidity is 55-65%, the roving number is 100-;

8. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sizing adopts PVA to size the yarns, and the technological parameters are as follows: the sizing speed is 0.5-200 m/min, and the oven temperature is 45-110 ℃.

9. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the after-finishing is carried out by adopting a setting machine at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 180 ℃ and at the setting speed of 1-35 m/min.

10. The method for preparing non-ironing multifunctional blended yarn by using the electrospinning nanotechnology according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the long staple cotton is replaced by short fiber.