CN112553505A - Nickel-based plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nickel-based plate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112553505A
CN112553505A CN202011557149.1A CN202011557149A CN112553505A CN 112553505 A CN112553505 A CN 112553505A CN 202011557149 A CN202011557149 A CN 202011557149A CN 112553505 A CN112553505 A CN 112553505A
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nickel
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邵兴明
华大凤
任国松
华鹏
王树平
刘威
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Jiangsu Xinhe Alloy Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Xinhe Alloy Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon

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Abstract

The invention provides a nickel-based plate, which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.05 to 0.15 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of Si, 0.30 to 1.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, 20.0 to 24.0 percent of Cr, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 3.0 percent of Fe, 1.0 to 3.0 percent of Mo, 13 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 5.0 percent of Co, 0.005 to 0.05 percent of La, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Nb, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities. The invention also provides a preparation method of the nickel-based plate, which comprises the following steps: vacuum smelting, electroslag remelting, forging and hot rolling. The nickel-based alloy prepared by adding the Nb element and optimizing the processing technology can resist the coarsening of particles for a long time under the high-temperature condition, has good welding performance, and can be better applied to the industries of aerospace, energy, electric heating industry and the like.

Description

Nickel-based plate and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-temperature alloy materials, in particular to a nickel-based plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-temperature alloy is a high-alloying iron-based, nickel-based or cobalt-based austenite metal material which can bear larger complex stress at a high temperature of more than 600 ℃ and has surface stability.
The Alloy 230 is a nickel-chromium-tungsten-molybdenum Alloy, and has excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, ultra-long-time thermal stability and good processability.
However, the nickel-based plate in the prior art is easy to coarsen grains under a long-time high-temperature condition, so that the mechanical property is poor, the welding performance is reduced, and the final service life is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a nickel-based plate and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the mechanical and welding properties are poor due to the fact that the crystal grains of the nickel-based plate are easy to coarsen under the high-temperature condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a nickel-based plate, which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.05 to 0.15 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of Si, 0.30 to 1.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, 20.0 to 24.0 percent of Cr, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 3.0 percent of Fe, 1.0 to 3.0 percent of Mo, 13 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 5.0 percent of Co, 0.005 to 0.05 percent of La, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Nb, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: 0.05 to 0.10 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Si, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, 21.0 to 23.0 percent of Cr, 0.30 to 0.40 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 2.0 percent of Fe, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Mo, 13 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 4.0 percent of Co, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of La, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of B, and Nb:0.2-0.5%, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nickel-based plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1 vacuum smelting: the method comprises the steps of accurately batching alloy raw materials according to a set weight proportion, baking for use according to process requirements, adopting 25% return materials, enabling the vacuum degree in a melting period to be less than 5 Pa and the vacuum degree in a refining period to be less than or equal to 10Pa, adopting at least two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-term refining, raising the temperature to 1540 ℃ for 1-2 minutes, shaking a furnace, stirring for 3-5 minutes, cooling to 1450 ℃, adjusting the refining temperature 1520 ℃, enabling the refining time to be more than or equal to 25 minutes, adjusting the tapping temperature 1540 ℃ under the condition of good deoxidation, pouring electrodes, fully supplementing shrinkage in the later pouring period, breaking the air after the pouring is finished for 20 minutes, and.
S2 electroslag remelting: cleaning impurities on the surface of the electrode and end refractory materials, cutting off end shrinkage cavities, baking slag strictly according to process requirements, controlling the water temperature to be 25-60 ℃, and using a slag system as follows: CaF2:AL2O3MgO =60:20:10:10, voltage 55-60V, current: 3500-5000A, full feeding in later period, and no shrinkage cavity.
S3 forging: heating to 1140-1160 ℃, slowly heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5h, then heating to 1140 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, turning twice in the middle to uniformly heat, wherein the open forging temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃, the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, the tempering time is more than 60 minutes, performing 100% flaw detection, cutting defects, and polishing the surface to identify.
S4 hot rolling: heating temperature: and grinding the surface of the intermediate blank of the plate at 1140-1160 ℃, removing defects, and finely rolling to obtain a finished plate.
Preferably, the charging sequence of the raw materials in the S1 vacuum smelting is that small pieces of pure iron and small pieces of nickel plates are added into the bottom, bottom carbon is added, Cr is placed on the middle upper part of a vacuum smelting crucible, the upper part is covered by a Ni plate, the vacuum smelting process is carried out, Ni-Mg0.05% is added during refining, in addition, small materials such as Al, Ti and the like are added in batches in sequence, and melting and stirring are uniform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention optimizes the components and process of the prior nickel-based alloy, can ensure that the alloy has excellent high-temperature strength, high-temperature corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and prolongs the service life of the alloy. In particular, the addition of niobium refines crystal grains, reduces the overheating sensitivity and the tempering brittleness of steel, improves the strength, improves the welding performance and prevents intergranular corrosion. In addition, a vacuum smelting and electroslag remelting duplex smelting method is adopted, so that the purity of the alloy is improved, impurity inclusion is reduced, the alloy is fully degassed, and the metallographic structure and the chemical components are uniform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making a nickel-based sheet material according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the objects, structures, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the nickel-based plate comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.05 to 0.15 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of Si, 0.30 to 1.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, 20.0 to 24.0 percent of Cr, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 3.0 percent of Fe, 1.0 to 3.0 percent of Mo, 13 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 5.0 percent of Co, 0.005 to 0.05 percent of La, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Nb, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: 0.05 to 0.10 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Si, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, 21.0 to 23.0 percent of Cr, 0.30 to 0.40 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 2.0 percent of Fe, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Mo, 13 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 4.0 percent of Co, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of La, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of B, and Nb:0.2-0.5%, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.
The nickel-based plate material of the invention has the following functions of various elements:
c, the carbon element can improve the strength and the wear resistance of the alloy within a certain content range, and the carbon content is designed to be 0.05-0.15 percent, so that the high-temperature performance of the alloy can be improved.
Si, the silicon element can improve the ductility and tensile strength of the alloy and has the deoxidation function, and the invention designs the silicon content to be 0.25-0.75%, can improve the high-temperature strength of the alloy and reduce the impurity content.
Mn can improve the wear resistance and tensile strength of the alloy, and has the function of separation and deoxidation, and the invention designs the Mn content to be 0.30-1.0%, can improve the high-temperature strength of the alloy, and can reduce the impurity content.
P, S, two fatal and unavoidable harmful elements which are difficult to dissolve in the alloy, can generate low melting point and eutectic compounds with nickel and chromium, are precipitated from grain boundaries and are gathered on the grain boundaries along with the solidification of the alloy, and the grain boundaries become brittle, thereby influencing the plasticity and the heat strength of the alloy. Therefore, the contents thereof are set at P: less than or equal to 0.030 percent. S: less than or equal to 0.015 percent.
Cr is a key element for improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy, a protective oxidation film formed by the alloy at high temperature mainly comprises CrO, the oxidation film mainly comprising CrO is compact and has strong adhesion, and the long-term use of the alloy at high temperature can be ensured. The invention designs the chromium content to be 20.0-24.0%, which can improve the high temperature resistance of the alloy.
Al can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy and improve the age hardening, and the aluminum content is designed to be 0.2-0.5 percent, so that the high-temperature performance of the alloy can be improved, and the service life of the alloy in a high-temperature environment can be prolonged.
Ti, titanium and carbon are combined, so that intercrystalline corrosion caused by chromium carbide precipitation during heat treatment can be reduced, the content of titanium is designed to be not more than 0.10%, and the high-temperature corrosion resistance of the alloy can be improved.
Fe can improve the resistance of the alloy to a high-temperature environment, reduce the alloy cost and control the thermal expansion, and the invention designs the content of Fe to be not higher than 3.0 percent and can improve the high-temperature resistance of the alloy.
Mo, molybdenum, can refine the crystal grains of the steel, improve the hardenability and the heat strength, and maintain enough strength and creep resistance at high temperature. The invention designs the molybdenum content to be 1.0-3.0%, which can improve the mechanical property of the alloy and inhibit the brittleness of the alloy. W is high in tungsten melting point, large in specific gravity, and has high hardness and wear resistance when forming tungsten carbide with carbon. The invention designs the molybdenum content to be 13-15%, and can improve the high temperature resistance and the hardness of the alloy.
Co element can increase the hardness and strength of the alloy and improve the high-temperature strength of the alloy, and the cobalt content is designed to be not more than 5 percent, so that the service life of the alloy in a high-temperature environment can be prolonged.
La is added into the alloy, which can improve the compactness of the oxidation film and further improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy. When a proper amount of rare earth elements are added into the alloy, the rare earth elements can form rare earth compounds with elements such as S and the like in the alloy, so that the content of harmful impurity elements is effectively reduced, and the harmful impurity elements can be uniformly dispersed in the alloy. The invention designs the lanthanum element content to be 0.005-0.05%, which can restrain the alloy grain growth, refine the grain and reduce the crack, thereby improving the plasticity and strength of the alloy at high temperature and room temperature.
Trace boron can improve the compactness and hot rolling performance of steel and improve the strength, and the content of boron element is designed to be less than or equal to 0.015 percent, so that the hot rolling performance and the strength of the alloy can be improved.
Nb is an element capable of refining grains, reducing the overheating sensitivity and the tempering brittleness of steel, improving the strength and improving the welding performance, but the plasticity and the toughness are reduced to some extent. Therefore, it is limited to 0.50% or less.
Ni is taken as a parent body in the nickel-based high-temperature alloy to form an austenite matrix, the intercrystalline corrosion resistance of the alloy is improved along with the increase of the nickel content, and the stress corrosion cracking sensitivity in an alkaline solution can be reduced by increasing the nickel content.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nickel-based plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1 vacuum smelting: the alloy raw materials are accurately proportioned according to a set weight proportion and are baked for use according to process requirements, small pure iron and small nickel plates are added to the bottom during feeding, bottom carbon is added, Cr is placed at the middle upper part of a vacuum smelting crucible, the upper part of the vacuum smelting crucible is covered by a Ni plate, the vacuum smelting process is executed, 25% return materials are adopted, Ni-Mg0.05% is added during refining, in addition, small materials such as Al, Ti and the like are added in batches according to sequence, and the materials are melted and stirred uniformly. The vacuum degree in the melting period is less than 5 Pa, the vacuum degree in the refining period is less than or equal to 10Pa, at least two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-time refining are adopted, the temperature is raised to 1540 ℃ for 1 to 2 minutes, the furnace is shaken for stirring for 3 to 5 minutes, the temperature is reduced to 1450 ℃, the refining temperature is adjusted 1520 ℃, the refining time is more than or equal to 25 minutes, under the condition of good deoxidation, the tapping temperature is adjusted to 1540 ℃, the electrode is cast, the feeding in the later casting period is sufficient, and the mold stripping mark is broken after the casting is.
S2 electroslag remelting: cleaning impurities on the surface of the electrode and end refractory materials, cutting off end shrinkage cavities, baking slag strictly according to process requirements, controlling the water temperature to be 25-60 ℃, and using a slag system as follows: CaF2:AL2O3MgO =60:20:10:10, voltage 55-60V, current: 3500-5000A, full feeding in later period, and no shrinkage cavity.
S3 forging: heating to 1140-1160 ℃, slowly heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5h, then heating to 1140 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, turning twice in the middle to uniformly heat, wherein the open forging temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃, the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, the tempering time is more than 60 minutes, performing 100% flaw detection, cutting defects, and polishing the surface to identify.
S4 hot rolling: heating temperature: and grinding the surface of the intermediate blank of the plate at 1140-1160 ℃, removing defects, and finely rolling to obtain a finished plate.
The alloy preparation process adopts a vacuum smelting and electroslag remelting duplex smelting method, optimizes the operation sequence and process parameters of each step, can improve the purity of the alloy, reduce impurity inclusion, ensure that the alloy is degassed fully, has uniform metallographic structure and chemical components, improves the high-temperature corrosion resistance of the alloy, and refines alloy grains.
Example 1:
in the nickel-based plate material of embodiment 1 of the present invention, the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: 0.10% of C, 0.5% of Si, 0.5% of Mn, 0.020% of P, 0.012% of S, 23% of Cr, 0.4% of Al, 0.06% of Ti, 1.5% of Fe, 2% of Mo, 14% of W, 3.0% of Co, 0.025% of La, 0.01% of B, 0.35% of Nb and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the nickel-based plate material of the embodiment is as follows:
s1 vacuum smelting: the alloy raw materials are accurately proportioned according to the weight proportion and are baked for use according to the process requirements, small pure iron and small nickel plates are added into the bottom during feeding, bottom carbon is added, Cr is placed at the middle upper part of a vacuum smelting crucible, the upper part of the vacuum smelting crucible is covered by a Ni plate, the vacuum smelting process is executed, meanwhile, 25% return material is adopted, Ni-Mg0.05% is added during refining, in addition, small materials such as Al, Ti and the like are added in batches according to the sequence, and the melting and the stirring are uniform. The vacuum degree in the melting period is 4.5 Pa, the vacuum degree in the refining period is 10Pa, at least two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-time refining are adopted, the temperature is raised to 1540 ℃ and lasts for 1 to 2 minutes, the furnace is shaken and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes, the temperature is reduced to 1450 ℃, the refining temperature is adjusted to 1520 ℃, the refining time is 30 minutes, under the condition of good deoxidation, the tapping temperature is adjusted to 1540 ℃, electrodes are cast, the feeding in the later casting period is sufficient, and the mold is removed after the casting is finished for 20 minutes.
S2 electroslag remelting: cleaning impurities on the surface of the electrode and end refractory materials, cutting off end shrinkage cavities, baking slag strictly according to process requirements, controlling the water temperature at 55 ℃, and using slag systems as follows: CaF2:AL2O3CaO: MgO =60:20:10:10, voltage 60V, current: 4500A, and fully feeding at later stage to ensure no shrinkage cavity.
S3 forging: heating to 1160 ℃, slowly heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5h, then heating to 1140 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, turning twice in the middle to uniformly heat, carrying out open forging at 1100 ℃, carrying out finish forging at 650 ℃, carrying out tempering for 70 min, carrying out 100% flaw detection, removing defects, and carrying out surface polishing identification.
S4 hot rolling: heating temperature: and (5) grinding the surface of the intermediate blank of the plate at 1160 ℃, removing defects, and finely rolling to obtain a finished plate.
Example 2:
in the nickel-based plate material of embodiment 2 of the present invention, the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: 0.05% of C, 0.30% of Si, 0.40% of Mn, 0.010% of P, 0.010% of S, 20.0% of Cr, 0.3% of Al, 0.05% of Ti, 1.2% of Fe, 1.0% of Mo, 13% of W, 2.0% of Co, 0.010% of La, 0.005% of B, 0.20% of Nb and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the nickel-based plate material of the embodiment is as follows:
s1 vacuum smelting: the alloy raw materials are accurately proportioned according to the weight proportion and are baked for use according to the process requirements, small pure iron and small nickel plates are added into the bottom during feeding, bottom carbon is added, Cr is placed at the middle upper part of a vacuum smelting crucible, the upper part of the vacuum smelting crucible is covered by a Ni plate, the vacuum smelting process is executed, meanwhile, 25% return material is adopted, Ni-Mg0.05% is added during refining, in addition, small materials such as Al, Ti and the like are added in batches according to the sequence, and the melting and the stirring are uniform. The vacuum degree in the melting period is 4.5 Pa, the vacuum degree in the refining period is 9Pa, at least two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-time refining are adopted, the temperature is raised to 1540 ℃ and lasts for 1 to 2 minutes, the furnace is shaken and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes, the temperature is reduced to 1450 ℃, the refining temperature is adjusted to 1520 ℃, the refining time is 30 minutes, the tapping temperature is adjusted to 1540 ℃ under the condition of good deoxidation, the electrode is cast, the feeding in the later casting period is sufficient, and the mold is removed after the casting is finished for 20 minutes.
S2 electroslag remelting: cleaning impurities on the surface of the electrode and end refractory materials, cutting off end shrinkage cavities, baking slag strictly according to process requirements, controlling the water temperature at 50 ℃, and using slag as follows: CaF2:AL2O3CaO: MgO =60:20:10:10, voltage 55V, current: 4500A, and fully feeding at later stage to ensure no shrinkage cavity.
S3 forging: heating to 1140-1160 ℃, slowly heating to 800 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, then heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h, then heating to 1140 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, turning twice in the middle to uniformly heat, carrying out open forging temperature of 1050 ℃, carrying out finish forging temperature of 900 ℃, carrying out tempering time for 60 min, carrying out 100% flaw detection, cutting off defects, and carrying out surface polishing identification.
S4 hot rolling: heating temperature: and (5) grinding the surface of the intermediate blank of the plate at 1150 ℃, removing defects, and finish rolling to obtain a finished plate.
Example 3:
in the nickel-based plate material of embodiment 3 of the present invention, the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: 0.15% of C, 0.7% of Si, 1.0% of Mn, 0.030% of P, 0.014% of S, 23.5% of Cr, 0.45% of Al, 0.09% of Ti, 3.0% of Fe, 3.0% of Mo, 14.5% of W, 5.0% of Co, 0.05% of La, 0.012% of B, 0.50% of Nb, and the balance of Ni and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the nickel-based plate material of the embodiment is as follows:
s1 vacuum smelting: the alloy raw materials are accurately proportioned according to the weight proportion and are baked for use according to the process requirements, small pure iron and small nickel plates are added into the bottom during feeding, bottom carbon is added, Cr is placed at the middle upper part of a vacuum smelting crucible, the upper part of the vacuum smelting crucible is covered by a Ni plate, the vacuum smelting process is executed, meanwhile, 25% return material is adopted, Ni-Mg0.05% is added during refining, in addition, small materials such as Al, Ti and the like are added in batches according to the sequence, and the melting and the stirring are uniform. The vacuum degree in the melting period is 4.9 Pa, the vacuum degree in the refining period is 10Pa, at least two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-time refining are adopted, the temperature is raised to 1540 ℃ and lasts for 1 to 2 minutes, the furnace is shaken and stirred for 3 to 5 minutes, the temperature is reduced to 1450 ℃, the refining temperature is adjusted to 1520 ℃, the refining time is 30 minutes, under the condition of good deoxidation, the tapping temperature is adjusted to 1540 ℃, electrodes are cast, the feeding in the later casting period is sufficient, and the mold is removed after the casting is finished for 20 minutes.
S2 electroslag remelting: cleaning impurities on the surface of the electrode and end refractory materials, cutting off end shrinkage cavities, baking slag strictly according to process requirements, controlling the water temperature at 60 ℃, and using slag as follows: CaF2:AL2O3CaO: MgO =60:20:10:10, voltage 60V, current: 5000A, and fully feeding at the later stage to ensure no shrinkage cavity.
S3 forging: heating to 1160 ℃, slowly heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, then heating to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1.5h, then heating to 1140 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2h, turning twice in the middle to uniformly heat, carrying out open forging temperature of 1100 ℃, carrying out finish forging temperature of 950 ℃, carrying out tempering for 75 min, carrying out 100% flaw detection, removing defects, and carrying out surface polishing identification.
S4 hot rolling: heating temperature: and (5) grinding the surface of the intermediate blank of the plate at 1160 ℃, removing defects, and finely rolling to obtain a finished plate.
In conclusion, the nickel-based plate and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention optimize the components and process of the existing nickel-based alloy, can ensure that the alloy has excellent high-temperature strength, high-temperature corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and can prolong the service life of the alloy. In particular, the addition of niobium refines crystal grains, reduces the overheating sensitivity and the tempering brittleness of steel, improves the strength, improves the welding performance and prevents intergranular corrosion. By adopting a vacuum smelting and electroslag remelting duplex smelting method, the purity of the alloy is improved, impurity inclusion is reduced, the alloy is fully degassed, and the metallographic structure and the chemical components are uniform. The nickel-based plate can be widely applied to combustion tanks, conversion pipelines, afterburner parts, flame stabilizers, thermocouple shells, high-temperature heat exchangers and industrial boiler heat-resistant parts of gas turbine engines, and the service life of the nickel-based plate can be prolonged by about 30%.
The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.

Claims (4)

1. A nickel-based plate material, characterized in that: the nickel-based plate comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.05 to 0.15 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of Si, 0.30 to 1.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, 20.0 to 24.0 percent of Cr, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 3.0 percent of Fe, 1.0 to 3.0 percent of Mo, 13 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 5.0 percent of Co, 0.005 to 0.05 percent of La, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.50 percent of Nb, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.
2. The nickel-base sheet of claim 1, wherein: the weight percentages of the elements are as follows: 0.05 to 0.10 percent of C, 0.25 to 0.50 percent of Si, 0.30 to 0.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, 21.0 to 23.0 percent of Cr, 0.30 to 0.40 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 2.0 percent of Fe, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Mo, 13 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 4.0 percent of Co, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of La, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of B, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of Nb, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities.
3. The method for producing a nickel-base plate according to any one of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of:
s1 vacuum smelting: accurately batching alloy raw materials according to a set weight proportion, baking for use according to process requirements, adopting 25% return materials, ensuring that the vacuum degree in a melting period is less than 5 Pa and the vacuum degree in a refining period is less than or equal to 10Pa, adopting not less than two times of high-temperature instantaneous refining and one time of low-temperature long-term refining, raising the temperature to 1540 ℃ for 1-2 minutes, shaking a furnace, stirring for 3-5 minutes, cooling to 1450 ℃, adjusting the refining temperature 1520 ℃, ensuring that the refining time is not less than 25 minutes, adjusting the tapping temperature 1540 ℃ under the condition of good deoxidation, pouring electrodes, fully supplementing shrinkage in the later pouring period, and breaking the blank and taking out a mold mark after the completion of 20 minutes of pouring;
s2 electroslag remelting: cleaning impurities on the surface of the electrode and end refractory materials, cutting off end shrinkage cavities, baking slag strictly according to process requirements, controlling the water temperature to be 25-60 ℃, and using a slag system as follows: CaF2:AL2O3MgO =60:20:10:10, voltage 55-60V, current: 3500-5000A, full feeding in later period, ensuring no shrinkage cavity;
s3 forging: heating to 1140-1160 ℃, slowly heating to 800 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, then heating to 1000 ℃, preserving heat for 1.5h, then heating to 1140 ℃, preserving heat for 2h, turning twice in the middle to uniformly heat, wherein the open forging temperature is more than or equal to 1050 ℃, the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃, the tempering time is more than 60 minutes, 100 percent of flaw detection is carried out, defects are removed, and the surface is polished to mark;
s4 hot rolling: heating temperature: and grinding the surface of the intermediate blank of the plate at 1140-1160 ℃, removing defects, and finely rolling to obtain a finished plate.
4. The method of preparing a nickel-base plate material as set forth in claim 3, wherein: in the S1 vacuum smelting process, small pure iron and small nickel plates are added into the bottom during feeding, bottom carbon is added, Cr is placed at the middle upper part of a vacuum smelting crucible, the upper part of the vacuum smelting crucible is covered by a Ni plate, the vacuum smelting process is carried out, Ni-Mg0.05% is added during refining, in addition, small materials such as Al, Ti and the like are added in batches in sequence, and melting and stirring are uniform.
CN202011557149.1A 2020-12-25 2020-12-25 Nickel-based plate and preparation method thereof Pending CN112553505A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210326