CN112552029A - 一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法 Download PDF

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CN112552029A
CN112552029A CN202011374261.1A CN202011374261A CN112552029A CN 112552029 A CN112552029 A CN 112552029A CN 202011374261 A CN202011374261 A CN 202011374261A CN 112552029 A CN112552029 A CN 112552029A
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吴小文
池朋
张月娜
沈灿
刘艳改
黄朝晖
房明浩
闵鑫
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China University of Geosciences Beijing
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Abstract

本发明系一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,具体包括如下几个步骤:(1)将用后重烧镁砖用振动磨粉磨15~20s,之后筛分出1~3mm和0~1mm的颗粒,剩余用后重烧镁砖经球磨机球磨至粒径小于200目。(2)将步骤(1)处理后的用后重烧镁砖颗粒混合均匀,加入8~30wt%的改性沥青粉并混合均匀,将粒径小于200目的镁砂和金属硅粉加入到混料均匀后颗粒中,其中镁砂和金属硅粉的比例分别为0~30wt%和10wt%,利用搅拌机搅拌3~5min,制备出基于用后重烧镁砖的热态修补料。(3)将热态修补料在20MPa的压力条件下压制成圆柱形样品,再将样品放置马弗炉中于1200℃烧结3h,得到用于性能测试的转炉热态修补料样品。该材料具有密度低、耐压强度高、气孔率大和成本低等优点。

Description

一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法
技术领域
本发明提供一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,属于基于废旧材料制备非金属材料技术领域。
背景技术
目前针对用后重烧镁砖资源化利用的研究很多,其中利用重烧镁砖再生制备转炉热态修补料消耗废砖量大,是主要回收手段之一。重烧镁砖储量大,利用率小,大量用后重烧镁砖堆积掩埋,不仅造成环境污染,还大大浪费了资源。以用后重烧镁砖作为原料制备转炉热态修补料,强度较高,生产方便,不仅能将用后重烧镁砖资源化利用,而且还能降低环境污染。
不过,目前利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料中添加的用后重烧镁砖的含量都比较小,而且热态修补料的利用也较小,就其用量来说,不能够切实解决煤矸石堆积如山、大宗消耗利用的问题。
转炉热态修补料是一种免烧的不定形耐火材料制品,可在窑炉炉壁出现剥落、破损时,可在不影响路子正常生产情况下进行修补,提高炉体寿命。镁质或是镁碳质材料具有良好的抗侵蚀性能,根据修补料的使用要求,在选择主要原料时,无论是用后重烧镁砖颗粒还是电熔镁砂都是氧化镁含量高、体积密度较大、价格相对较低的材料。采用这两种作为了制备转炉热态修补料的原料,既可以节省成本,也可以将低阶固废进行高附加值的利用。以此为原料制备的热态修补料具有气孔率高、体积密度小、耐压强度大等特点,成为制备转炉热态修补料较为理想的原料。Chi Peng等通过向转炉热态修补料中添加金属硅粉制备出较高力学性能的热态修补料,研究表明,加入金属硅粉后,样品表面的微裂减少,并且力学性能也得到了改善。对金属硅粉的含量为10wt%的样品,其抗压强度增加了50%。同时,向样品中加入改性沥青粉可以有效改善样品的力学性能,研究表明使用改性沥青粉作为结合剂可以明显增加热态修补料的抗压强度。当改性沥青粉含量为10wt%时,样品表面的粗糙程度以及抗压强度有明显影响,样品此时的耐压强度最大,为72.56MPa。
用后重烧镁砖是工业固体废弃物的一种,是石灰窑中燃烧所残留的固体废物,重烧镁砖的化学成分类似方镁石主要为MgO,经高温烧结后强度和耐火度均很高,并且当烧结达到一定温度后会发生与样品中的氧化硅发生化学反应生成新的物相(如镁橄榄石物相)。考虑向重烧镁砖中添加一定量的改性沥青作为结合剂则有望提高耐火材料材料的强度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,具体是一种将成本低、对环境不友好的固体废弃物重烧镁砖为原料制备转炉热态修补料,电熔镁砂、金属硅粉以及改性沥青为添加剂的非金属耐火材料的制备方法。
其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为固体废弃物重烧镁砖。
其中制备热态修补料所用的结合剂为改性沥青粉。
其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉。
其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为电熔镁砂,粒径是200目。
其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉,粒径是44μm。
本发明一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,其优点及功效在于该材料密度低、耐压强度高、比表面积大和成本低。
附图说明
图1金属硅粉含量为10wt%的耐火材料在低放大倍数下的SEM照片
图2金属硅粉含量为10wt%的耐火材料在高放大倍数下的SEM照片
图3基于用后镁砖制备耐火材料的XRD图谱
图4热态修补料的体积密度
图5热态修补料的气孔率
图6热态修补料的抗压强度。
具体实施方式
下面结合实例对本发明的特点做进一步描述,但并非仅仅局限于下述实施例。
实施例一:
首先,将用后重烧镁砖放入振动磨中震动15~20s,将震动后的重烧镁砖筛分出1~3mm和0~1mm的颗粒,将剩余的用后重烧镁砖放入球磨机中球磨1~2h,处理后剩余用后重烧镁砖的粒径小于200目。将用后重烧镁砖颗粒(1~3mm、0~1mm以及粒径小于200目的颗粒)混料均匀然后加入一定比例改性沥青粉混料均匀,改性沥青的比例为10wt%。将粒径小于200目的镁砂和金属硅粉加入到混料均与后颗粒中,其中镁砂和金属硅粉的比例分别为0wt%和10wt%,利用球磨机进行搅拌,搅拌3~5min,然后制备得出基于用后重烧镁砖的热态修补料。对热态修补料进行加压成型和烧结处理,具体如下:将样品在20MPa的压力条件下压制成圆柱形样品,再将样品在马弗炉中1200℃烧结3h,进行自然冷却后取出。其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为固体废弃物重烧镁砖。其中制备热态修补料所用的结合剂为改性沥青粉。其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉。其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为电熔镁砂,粒径是200目。其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉,粒径是44μm。
对这种基于用后重烧镁砖制备的转炉热态修补材料进行性能测试:材料的密度为2.88g cm-3,气孔率为0.21,抗压强度为32.78MPa。
实施例二:
首先,将用后重烧镁砖放入振动磨中震动15~20s,将震动后的重烧镁砖筛分出1~3mm和0~1mm的颗粒,将剩余的用后重烧镁砖放入球磨机中球磨1~2h,处理后剩余用后重烧镁砖的粒径小于200目。将用后重烧镁砖颗粒(1~3mm、0~1mm以及粒径小于200目的颗粒)混料均匀然后加入一定比例改性沥青粉混料均匀,改性沥青的比例为5wt%。将粒径小于200目的镁砂和金属硅粉加入到混料均与后颗粒中,其中镁砂和金属硅粉的比例分别为10wt%和10wt%,利用球磨机进行搅拌,搅拌3~5min,然后制备得出基于用后重烧镁砖的热态修补料。对热态修补料进行加压成型和烧结处理,具体如下:将样品在20MPa的压力条件下压制成圆柱形样品,再将样品在马弗炉中1200℃烧结3h,进行自然冷却后取出。其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为固体废弃物重烧镁砖。其中制备热态修补料所用的结合剂为改性沥青粉。其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉。其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为电熔镁砂,粒径是200目。其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉,粒径是44μm。
对这种基于用后重烧镁砖制备的转炉热态修补材料进行性能测试:材料的密度为2.88g cm-3,气孔率为0.19,抗压强度为72.56MPa。
实施例三:
首先,将用后重烧镁砖放入振动磨中震动15~20s,将震动后的重烧镁砖筛分出1~3mm和0~1mm的颗粒,将剩余的用后重烧镁砖放入球磨机中球磨1~2h,处理后剩余用后重烧镁砖的粒径小于200目。将用后重烧镁砖颗粒(1~3mm、0~1mm以及粒径小于200目的颗粒)混料均匀然后加入一定比例改性沥青粉混料均匀,改性沥青的比例为10wt%。将粒径小于200目的镁砂和金属硅粉加入到混料均与后颗粒中,其中镁砂和金属硅粉的比例分别为20wt%和10wt%,利用球磨机进行搅拌,搅拌3~5min,然后制备得出基于用后重烧镁砖的热态修补料。对热态修补料进行加压成型和烧结处理,具体如下:将样品在20MPa的压力条件下压制成圆柱形样品,再将样品在马弗炉中1200℃烧结3h,进行自然冷却后取出。其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为固体废弃物重烧镁砖。其中制备热态修补料所用的结合剂为改性沥青粉。其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉。其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为电熔镁砂,粒径是200目。其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉,粒径是44μm。
对这种基于用后重烧镁砖制备的转炉热态修补材料进行性能测试:材料的密度为2.93g cm-3,气孔率为0.21,抗压强度为43.53MPa。
实施例四:
首先,将用后重烧镁砖放入振动磨中震动15~20s,将震动后的重烧镁砖筛分出1~3mm和0~1mm的颗粒,将剩余的用后重烧镁砖放入球磨机中球磨1~2h,处理后剩余用后重烧镁砖的粒径小于200目。将用后重烧镁砖颗粒(1~3mm、0~1mm以及粒径小于200目的颗粒)混料均匀然后加入一定比例改性沥青粉混料均匀,改性沥青的比例为15wt%。将粒径小于200目的镁砂和金属硅粉加入到混料均与后颗粒中,其中镁砂和金属硅粉的比例分别为30wt%和10wt%,利用球磨机进行搅拌,搅拌3~5min,然后制备得出基于用后重烧镁砖的热态修补料。对热态修补料进行加压成型和烧结处理,具体如下:将样品在20MPa的压力条件下压制成圆柱形样品,再将样品在马弗炉中1200℃烧结3h,进行自然冷却后取出。其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为固体废弃物重烧镁砖。其中制备热态修补料所用的结合剂为改性沥青粉。其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉。其中制备热态修补料所用的原料为电熔镁砂,粒径是200目。其中制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉,粒径是44μm。
对这种基于用后重烧镁砖制备的转炉热态修补材料进行性能测试:材料的密度为2.90g cm-3,气孔率为0.22,抗压强度为17.78MPa。

Claims (6)

1.一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,其特征在于:该方法包括如下几个步骤:
(1)用后重烧镁砖的预处理
首先,将用后重烧镁砖放入振动磨中震动15~20s,将震动后的重烧镁砖筛分出1~3mm和0~1mm的颗粒,将剩余的用后重烧镁砖放入球磨机中球磨1~2h,处理后剩余用后重烧镁砖的粒径小于200目。
(2)基于用后重烧镁砖热态修补料的制备
先将用后重烧镁砖颗粒(1~3mm、0~1mm以及粒径小于200目的颗粒)混料均匀然后加入一定比例改性沥青粉混料均匀,改性沥青的比例为8~30wt%。将粒径小于200目的镁砂和金属硅粉加入到混料均与后颗粒中,其中镁砂和金属硅粉的比例分别为0~30wt%和10wt%,利用球磨机进行搅拌,搅拌3~5min,然后制备得出基于用后重烧镁砖的热态修补料。
(3)加压热处理
首先,对热态修补料进行加压成型和烧结处理,具体如下:将样品在20MPa的压力条件下压制成圆柱形样品,再将样品在马弗炉中1200℃烧结3h,进行自然冷却后取出。这是为了方便测试热态修补料在使用状态过程中的理化性能,例如抗压强度、体积密度等。同时也为了方便观察样品在成型之后表面所发生的化学变化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,其特征在于:制备热态修补料所用的原料为固体废弃物重烧镁砖。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,其特征在于:制备热态修补料所用的结合剂为改性沥青粉。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,其特征在于:制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,其特征在于:制备热态修补料所用的原料为电熔镁砂,粒径是200目。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用用后重烧镁砖制备转炉热态修补料的方法,其特征在于:制备热态修补料所用的助熔剂为金属硅粉,粒径是44μm。
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