CN112551823A - Ecological restoration method for black and odorous river - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for black and odorous river Download PDFInfo
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- CN112551823A CN112551823A CN202011533884.9A CN202011533884A CN112551823A CN 112551823 A CN112551823 A CN 112551823A CN 202011533884 A CN202011533884 A CN 202011533884A CN 112551823 A CN112551823 A CN 112551823A
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/31—Self-supporting filtering elements
- B01D29/33—Self-supporting filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
- E02B15/106—Overflow skimmers with suction heads; suction heads
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a black and odorous river ecological restoration method, which comprises the following steps: s10, aerating; s20 microbial degradation; s30, collecting water surface garbage; s40 ecological restoration; s50 sets up a fountain. According to the ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river, after aeration and microbial degradation are sequentially carried out, the contact area of the river and the atmosphere is increased by collecting garbage on the water surface, more oxygen can be dissolved in the water body, the phenomenon that the water quality is deteriorated due to the fact that the garbage is rotted and bacteria and viruses are bred is prevented, the good ecological environment of the river is guaranteed to be restored, and the ecological restoration method has continuous self-cleaning capacity; in addition, the fountain is arranged to promote the water body to flow, so that the water body is clearer and clearer, virtuous circle is realized, and the landscape effect of the river surface is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water environment ecological treatment, in particular to an ecological recovery method for a black and odorous river.
Background
The urban river ecological system plays a crucial role in production and life of people, and along with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the pressure borne by the urban river ecological system is continuously increased, so that the treatment of black and odorous water in the urban river is urgent.
The method utilizes the micro-pore aeration technology to increase the DO value in the water body, introduces beneficial microorganisms and the like into the water body to promote the food chain circulation in the water environment, improves the hydrodynamic condition of the black and odorous riverway by designing a rubber dam and a drop landscape method, further strengthens the water quality purification effect by adopting the technical means of an artificial wetland and an ecological floating island, and finally gradually introduces high-grade aquatic animals into the water body to achieve the aim of purifying the water quality.
Although the treatment method can purify water to a certain degree, in the treatment process, as the river channel environment is complex, a large amount of garbage impurities float on the water surface, and the garbage is easy to breed bacteria and viruses, the contact area between the water surface and the air is reduced, the water quality is influenced, and as excessive organic matters are accumulated at the bottom of the water body and become sludge containing various harmful substances such as germs, the river channel environment is deteriorated, a large amount of pathogens and harmful organisms are easy to remain in the water, the survival and growth of the biological species such as fishes and shrimps in the water are adversely affected, and the ecological environment in the water is not facilitated; in addition, after the treatment is finished, the water flow in the river channel is in a standing state, the fluidity is poor, the dissolved oxygen in the water is gradually reduced, the corresponding anaerobic bacteria are gradually increased, the self-cleaning capacity of the water flow is reduced, and the water flow is easy to be polluted, deteriorate and smell. Therefore, there is a need for an improvement of the existing black and odorous river ecological restoration method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river, which has a good treatment effect and ensures that the river has continuous self-purification capacity.
In order to realize the technical effects, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a black and odorous river ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
s10 aeration oxygenation: arranging an aeration device in the river channel, introducing external atmosphere into the water body, and dispersing the external atmosphere after the external atmosphere is crushed into micro bubbles to increase dissolved oxygen in the water body;
s20 microbial degradation: digesting COD and ammonia nitrogen in the river channel treated by the S10 by using aerobic bacteria;
s30 collecting water surface garbage: collecting garbage on the water surface on the river channel surface treated by the S20 by using a water surface garbage collector;
s40 ecological restoration: and planting aquatic plants in the riverway after the water surface garbage is collected, and introducing aquatic animals.
S50 fountain: promoting the water body after the S40 treatment to circularly flow and improving the river landscape effect.
When utilizing above-mentioned technical scheme to carry out black and odorous river course to handle, at first aerate in to the river course, introduce the water with outside atmosphere, thereby carry out physics oxygenation, dissolved oxygen in the entering water takes place redox reaction with black and odorous material (mainly hydrogen sulfide, ferrous sulfide etc. have reductive material), thereby organic matter to in the water degrades, ammonia nitrogen thing in the water turns into nitrate class material gradually, make the water continuously reoxygenation, in addition, smash into a large amount of microbubbles with the bubble, and spread in aqueous, guarantee the homogeneity of reaction, and can also promote the water flow, thereby avoid the anaerobe reproduction in the dead water to lead to the river course to continuously smelly blacking.
After the aeration, the microorganism is cultured in the water body, the microorganism sewage treatment strain has the characteristics of quick propagation, strong vitality, safety, no toxicity and the like, the organic pollutant in the water body is consumed for propagation, so that the organic pollutant in the water body is well removed, the damage of the organic pollutant to a water natural food chain is reduced, the restoration of the ecological environment of a river channel is facilitated, in addition, the microorganism can also avoid secondary pollution generated after chemical treatment, the sewage production amount is reduced, the water quality of the river channel is improved, and the treatment cost is reduced.
Afterwards, collect rubbish through surface of water garbage collector on the river course surface, make rubbish break away from the surface of water to make the river course surface of water and air carry out abundant contact, be favorable to the river course water to dissolve oxygen, in addition, concentrate the collection back with rubbish, can also avoid breeding the problem that the bacterium leads to quality of water to deteriorate because of the water around rubbish factors such as rotten leads to rubbish.
After the water surface garbage is collected, the river channel is ecologically restored, aquatic plants are planted in the river channel and aquatic animals are introduced, because in the treatment steps, the microorganisms intensively degrade organic matters in the bottom mud, beneficial microorganisms become food of aquatic insects and small fishes after consuming the mud in the river channel, the insects and the small fishes are eaten by big fishes, the whole aquatic food chain is naturally strengthened, a virtuous circle is formed, in addition, the nutrient components in water are greatly reduced in the process, weeds and algae are controlled, and the water quality is greatly improved. So, through the comprehensive river course water ecosystem that founds, obviously improved the self-purification ability of water, formed good ecological balance to improve the self-purification ability of water, and then guaranteed that the water is stable up to standard for a long time.
Finally, set up the fountain on the river course, can force the drive water body and flow, the hydroenergy that flows can increase its oxygen content, promotes the organic pollutant in the water and decomposes, increases the oxygen content, and about the anaerobism biology in the suppression water, under the combined action of these factors, further prevent quality of water eutrophication, can also promote the view effect in river course in addition.
Preferably, the water surface garbage collector comprises a water inlet shell and a water outlet shell which are communicated up and down; the water inlet shell is provided with a water inlet, the top of the water inlet shell is provided with an opening, an outer filter element is vertically arranged in the opening, and the outer filter element is arranged in a sliding manner along the axial lead direction of the outer filter element; an inner filter element attached to the inner edge surface of the outer filter element is arranged in the outer filter element, and the inner filter element is hermetically connected with the bottom of the water inlet shell and communicated with the drainage shell; the drainage shell is provided with a drainage outlet and internally provided with a propeller; a flushing channel is arranged on the inner side of the inner filter element and connected with a flushing valve, a flow guide port of the flushing channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the drainage shell, and a flushing port of the flushing channel is higher than the opening and faces the outer filter element; the water inlet shell is provided with a collecting box, the bottom of the collecting box is provided with a through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole is spaced from the outer filter element.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when utilizing surface of water garbage collector to collect the processing, rotate by the pivoted screw, produce rivers, make outer filter core and interior filter core inboard produce the negative pressure, attract rubbish along with rivers flow, rubbish is attached to the surface of outer filter core, and rivers get into the inboard back of interior filter core, get into the outlet again, then discharge through the outlet. When the surface of the outer filter element has more garbage, the outer filter element moves upwards at the moment, the propeller rotates to generate water flow flowing to the flow guide port, and the water flow passes through the flushing channel and is sprayed out from the inner side of the outer filter element to flush impurities attached to the surface of the outer filter element into the collecting box; then the outer filter element moves downwards to the initial position, the garbage on the surface of the inner filter element is cleaned in the moving process, the propeller continuously rotates to generate water flow, and the garbage is attracted to the surface of the outer filter element. So, when carrying out garbage collection, still realized the mediation of outer filter core and interior filter core, avoided outer filter core, interior filter core to block up and cause water and rubbish to flow slowly to lead to the problem that garbage collection efficiency is low.
Preferably, the work flow of the water surface garbage collector is as follows: s301, the propeller rotates to generate negative pressure, so that garbage is attracted to move and attach to the outer side of the outer filter element; s302, the outer filter element moves upwards, water flow is sprayed outwards from the inner side of the outer filter element through the flushing channel, the outer filter element is dredged, and attached garbage is flushed into the collection box; s303, moving the outer filter element downwards to enable the outer filter element to clean the garbage on the surface of the inner filter element; and repeating the circulation process until the water surface garbage collection is completed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at the in-process that carries out garbage collection, because the surface of outer filter core adheres to more rubbish easily and leads to blockking up, influence water flow and garbage collection efficiency, the rivers that produce through equipment operation this moment, from the inboard blowout rivers of outer filter core, both washed the rubbish on outer filter core surface to collecting in the box, realized the mediation to outer filter core again, the in-process that outer filter core moved to the normal position from the top down, still cleared up the rubbish that adheres to including filter core surface. So, prevented to influence the flow and the garbage collection efficiency of water because of outer filter core and interior filter core are blockked up, carrying out rubbish attraction back, through dashing rubbish to collecting in the box, guarantee the mediation of outer filter core and interior filter core to garbage collection efficiency has been guaranteed.
The step S10 is preceded by the step S00 detoxification and deodorization: and (3) adding an antidote into the river channel, sterilizing and disinfecting the black mud in the water body, and adding a biological deodorization microbial inoculum to eliminate peculiar smell.
By adopting the technical scheme, the antidote is put into the water body, so that harmful substances such as various germs in the bottom sediment are eliminated, and the water body environment is prevented from continuously deteriorating to influence the propagation of various aquatic animals in the water body; and the biological deodorization microbial inoculum is added, so that the sticky state of the water body and the bottom mud can be relieved, and the oil stains released by the bottom mud and floating on the water surface are promoted to be decomposed, so that the water color is clear, and the peculiar smell disappears.
Preferably, the antidote in step S00 is clomazone.
By adopting the technical scheme, when disinfection is carried out, the detoxication Bishuian is selected as a composite organic acid, belongs to multi-effect comprehensive detoxication water regulation, high-content active ingredients are added in the detoxication Bishuian, so that the water body stratification is easier to break, the characteristics are particularly remarkable in the aspect of removing water surface grease generated by organic matters, and in addition, dozens of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitrite, toxic algae, biological harmful substances, heavy metals and the like in the water body can be degraded, so that the cultured species in the river channel are powerfully protected from being damaged, meanwhile, the harmful substances such as surplus residual bait, excrement and the like in the substrate can be decomposed, and the detoxication Bishuian is pollution-free, residue-free and toxic and side effects, and is an ideal special improvement product for.
Preferably, the aerobic bacteria comprise ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria and COD degrading bacteria.
By adopting the technical scheme, ammonia nitrogen and CDD in the water body of the ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria and the COD degrading bacteria are selected. The ammonia nitrogen bacteria is compounded by various inorganic compounds, chelating agents, auxiliary agents and other raw materials, and can remove free (NH) in water3) And ionic state (NH)4 +) The ammonia nitrogen in the form has catalysis and decomposition effects on the ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, and has a synergistic effect with microorganisms, so that the nitrification capacity of the water body is improved, and the degradation capacity on the ammonia nitrogen substances is enhanced; the COD degrading bacteria have a strain mixture with various organic matter degrading capacities, can be applied to water treatment in a black and odorous river, and the microbial mixture contains some strains which can decompose fatty acid, surfactant, hydrocarbon, phenolic compounds, ketone and organic matters which are not easy to decompose; the degradation capability of organic matters, surfactants, ketones and phenolic plastics which are not easy to decompose is improved; increase organic removal (measured by BOD, COD or TOC); in addition, the toxicity of the nitride can be reduced, so that the high removal rate of the biological ammonia can be realized and maintained, and various industrial chemical substances which are not easy to decompose in the water body can be degraded.
Preferably, the aquatic plant comprises at least one of duckweed, Eichhornia crassipes, Azalea dauricum, Spirodela robiniata, Gomphrena globosa, Ixeris spicata, Eichhornia lophylla, Potamogeton crispus, Aleurites crispus and Scutellaria aquatica; the aquatic animals comprise at least one of snakeheads, snails and freshwater mussels.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the aquatic animals and the aquatic plants are selected, the aquatic plants can effectively absorb nitrogen and phosphorus substances in the water body, so that the eutrophication of the water body is reduced; the snakeheads, the snails and the clams have the feeding property of eating microorganisms and organic matters, so that a large number of bottom plankton can be eaten, and the bottom plankton can absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and nutrient salt released by bottom mud, so that a virtuous circle can be established in the lake for a long time, and the effect of purifying water quality is achieved. Therefore, by planting the aquatic plants and putting the aquatic animals for cultivation, the greening, brightening, beautifying and landscaping of the river channel and the reconstruction of the river channel ecosystem are realized.
Preferably, the flushing valve is a one-way valve, and an inlet of the flushing valve is arranged opposite to the diversion port.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, restricted the direction of flow of rivers in the washing passageway, prevented that rivers from washing mouthful to the water conservancy diversion mouth and flow.
Preferably, the flushing channel comprises a flow guide pipe and a hollow flushing shell which are communicated, the flow guide opening is formed in the flow guide pipe, and the flushing opening is formed in the flushing shell.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when washing outer filter core, rivers pass through the water conservancy diversion mouth and get into in the water conservancy diversion pipe, discharge from washing the mouth after washing the shell inner chamber, wash rubbish to collect in the box to realize the mediation of outer filter core.
Preferably, the flushing shell is attached to the inner edge surface of the outer filter element.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make and wash mouthful and press close to with outer filter core, guarantee the washing effect of outer filter core.
Preferably, the screw propeller is higher than the flushing opening and is positioned outside the flow guide pipe, and the water discharge opening is connected with a water discharge valve.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the outer filter element is washed, the drain valve is closed, and after the propeller is started, external water flow can be introduced into the inner side of the inner filter element and is intensively introduced into the guide pipe; after the outer wall is cleaned, the drain valve is opened, and the water flow entering the inner side of the inner filter element is discharged from the drain outlet. Therefore, the propeller can continuously rotate to attract water surface garbage.
Preferably, the top of washing the shell is fixed with the motor, the output of motor is fixed with the lead screw of vertical setting, lead screw thread fit has the connecting plate, the connecting plate with outer filter core fixed connection.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the motor starts, and it is rotatory to drive the lead screw, and the drive moves along the axis of lead screw with its screw-thread fit's connecting plate, and then drives outer filter core and removes.
Preferably, the collecting box is detachably connected with the water inlet shell.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after garbage collection finishes, will collect the box and pull down from the shell that intakes, conveniently pour the rubbish of collection.
Preferably, the water inlet shell is in threaded connection or snap connection with the collection box.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, realize into the shell and collect dismantling between the box and be connected, when conveniently collecting, collect the box and install on the shell of intaking, and after the collection finishes, take off and collect the box, the rubbish of centralized processing collection.
Preferably, a water through opening is formed in the collecting box and connected with a filter screen.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when washing outer filter core, the rivers that follow outer filter core spun can be discharged through the limbers, and rubbish is intercepted in collecting the box by the filter screen.
Preferably, the bottom of the collecting box is gradually arranged in a downward transition from inside to outside.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, conveniently collect box storage rubbish to prevent that rubbish from revealing in the water inlet housing from the through-hole.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the ecological restoration method for the black and odorous river increases the contact area of the river and the atmosphere by collecting garbage on the water surface after aeration and microbial degradation are carried out in sequence, is beneficial to dissolving more oxygen in the water body, prevents the garbage from rotting and breeding bacteria and viruses to cause the deterioration of water quality, ensures the good ecological environment of the river to be restored, and has continuous self-cleaning capability; in addition, the fountain is arranged to promote the water body to flow, so that the water body is clearer and clearer, virtuous circle is realized, and the landscape effect of the river surface is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the surface waste collector of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of the water surface garbage collector of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment 1 of the water surface garbage collector of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a top view of an embodiment 1 of the water surface garbage collector of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment 2 of the surface waste collector of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 7;
in the figure: 1. the water inlet device comprises a water inlet shell, 1-1 parts of a water inlet, 1-2 parts of an opening, 2 parts of a water discharging shell, 2-1 parts of a water discharging port, 3 parts of an outer filter element, 4 parts of an inner filter element, 5 parts of a propeller, 6 parts of a flushing channel, 61 parts of a flow guide pipe, 62 parts of a flushing shell, 6-1 parts of a flow guide port, 6-2 parts of a flushing port, 7 parts of a flushing valve, 8 parts of a collecting box, 8-1 parts of a through hole, 8-2 parts of a water through port, 9 parts of a motor, 10 parts of a screw rod, 11 parts of a connecting plate, 12 parts of a filter screen, 13 parts of a water discharging valve, 14 parts of a top plate, 15 parts of.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As shown in fig. 1, the ecological restoration method of the black and odorous river of the invention comprises the following steps:
s00 detoxification and deodorization: adding an antidote into the river channel, sterilizing and disinfecting the black mud in the water body, and adding a biological deodorization microbial inoculum to eliminate peculiar smell, wherein the antidote is antidotal Bishuan;
s10 aeration oxygenation: arranging an aeration device in the river channel, introducing external atmosphere into the water body, and dispersing the external atmosphere after the external atmosphere is crushed into micro bubbles to increase dissolved oxygen in the water body;
s20 microbial degradation: digesting COD and ammonia nitrogen in the river channel treated by S10 by using aerobic bacteria, wherein the aerobic bacteria comprise ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria and COD degrading bacteria;
s30 collecting water surface garbage: collecting garbage on the water surface on the river channel surface treated by the S20 by using a water surface garbage collector;
s40 ecological restoration: planting aquatic plants in the riverway after the water surface garbage is collected, and introducing aquatic animals, wherein the aquatic plants comprise duckweed, water hyacinth, red azolla, Japanese pagodatree leaf duckweed, hornwort, watermifoil, potamogeton indica, potamogeton gracile, potamogeton crispus, bitter grass and water fennel, and the aquatic animals comprise snakehead, spiral shell and freshwater mussel;
s50 fountain: promoting the water body after the S40 treatment to circularly flow and improving the river landscape effect.
When the method is used for ecological restoration of the black and odorous river, firstly, detoxification and dust removal treatment in the step S00 is carried out, detoxification Bishuan is put into the water body, so that harmful substances such as various germs in bottom mud are eliminated, the water body environment is prevented from continuously deteriorating to influence the propagation of various aquatic animals in the water body, the detoxification Bishuan is selected as a detoxification agent, the detoxification Bishuan is mainly characterized in that the detoxification Bishuan is a compound organic acid and belongs to multi-effect comprehensive detoxification and water regulation, high-content active ingredients are added into the detoxification and water regulation, the water body stratification is easily broken through, the characteristics are particularly obvious in the aspect of removing water surface grease generated by organic matters, in addition, dozens of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitrite, toxic algae, biological harmful substances and heavy metals in the water body can be degraded, the cultured species in the river channel are powerfully protected from damage, and meanwhile, excessive residual bait, The water quality improving agent has the advantages of no pollution, no residue, no toxic or side effect and is an ideal special product for improving water environment; after detoxification, biological deodorant bacteria is put into the river channel, so that the sticky state of the water body and the bottom mud can be relieved, and the oil stains released by the bottom mud and floating on the water surface are decomposed, so that the water color is clear, and the peculiar smell disappears.
In step S10, an aeration device is used to forcibly introduce external air into the water body and pulverize the air into a large number of micro-bubbles, thereby facilitating the dissolution of oxygen in the water body, the micro-bubbles are diffused in the water body, so that the oxygen in the micro-bubbles and the reducing black and odorous substances (including hydrogen sulfide and ferrous sulfide) in the water body undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction, the organic substances in the water body are explained, and the ammonia nitrogen substances in the water body are converted into nitrate substances. Because the micro bubbles are subjected to diffusion treatment in the water body, the uniformity of the reaction is ensured, and thus, the reoxygenation is continuously carried out in the water body. In addition, the bubbles flow upwards in the water body, so that the flow of the water body can be promoted, the fluidity of water is enhanced, and the continuous stink and blacking of the river channel caused by the reproduction of anaerobic bacteria after the river channel forms dead water is avoided.
In step S20, the microorganisms are cultured in the water, and the microorganisms are treated to consume organic pollutants in the water for reproduction, so that the organic pollutants in the water can be effectively removed, and the damage of the organic pollutants to the water is reduced, thereby facilitating the restoration of the ecological environment of the river. In a plurality of aerobic bacteria, the method selects ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria as culture strains, mainly because the ammonia nitrogen digesting bacteria can effectively remove free (NH) in water3) And ionic state (NH)4 +) The ammonia nitrogen substances in the form have catalysis and decomposition effects on the substances, so that the ammonia nitrogen substances in the water body are reduced, the microbial treatment can also cooperate with the microorganisms to improve the nitrification capability of the water body and enhance the degradation capability of the ammonia nitrogen substances, and the water quality is further improved; the COD degrading bacteria have a strain mixture with various organic matter degrading capacities, can be applied to water treatment in a black and odorous river, and the microbial mixture contains some strains which can decompose fatty acid, surfactant, hydrocarbon, phenolic compounds, ketone and organic matters which are not easy to decompose; the degradation capability of organic matters, surfactants, ketones and phenolic plastics which are not easy to decompose is improved; increase organic removal (measured by BOD, COD or TOC); in addition, the toxicity of the nitride can be reduced, so that the high removal rate of the biological ammonia can be realized and maintained, and various industrial chemical substances which are not easy to decompose in the water body can be degraded.
In step S30, garbage is collected on the liquid level of the river channel through the water surface garbage collector, so that the garbage is separated from the water surface, the contact area between the surface of the river channel and the atmosphere is increased, oxygen is dissolved through contact with the atmosphere in a water body, and after the garbage is collected, the garbage can be prevented from rotting, breeding bacteria and the like to cause water quality deterioration. .
In step S40, aquatic plants are planted in the river and aquatic animals are introduced, because in the treatment step, microorganisms intensively degrade organic matters in the bottom mud, beneficial microorganisms become food of aquatic insects and small fish after the sludge in the river is consumed, the insects and the small fish are eaten by big fish, the whole aquatic food chain is naturally strengthened, a virtuous cycle is formed, in addition, the nutrient content in water is greatly reduced in the process, weeds and algae are controlled, and the water quality is greatly improved. Therefore, by comprehensively constructing a riverway water ecological system, the self-purification capacity of the water body is obviously improved, and good ecological balance is formed, so that the self-purification capacity of the water body is improved, and the water body is ensured to reach the standard stably for a long time; the aquatic plants can effectively absorb nitrogen and phosphorus substances in the water body, so that the eutrophication of the water body is reduced, the water quality is improved, and the self-purification capacity of the riverway is improved.
And finally, in the step S50, the fountain is arranged to forcibly drive the water body to flow, the flowing water can increase the oxygen content, promote the decomposition of organic pollutants in the water body, increase the oxygen content and inhibit the anaerobic organisms in the water body, and the water quality eutrophication is further prevented under the combined action of the factors. In addition, after the fountain is arranged, the attractiveness of the river channel can be improved
In step S30, in order to achieve efficient garbage collection, the water garbage collector used has the following various embodiments, as follows:
example 1
As shown in fig. 3-6, the water surface garbage collector of embodiment 1 comprises a water inlet shell 1 and a water outlet shell 2 which are communicated up and down, six water inlets 1-1 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential side surface of the water inlet shell 1, an opening 1-2 is arranged at the center of the top of the water inlet shell 1, an outer filter element 3 is vertically arranged in the opening 1-2, and the outer filter element 3 is arranged in a sliding manner along the axial lead direction of the outer filter element 3; an inner filter element 4 which is attached to the inner edge surface of the outer filter element 3 is arranged in the outer filter element 3, and the inner filter element 4 is hermetically connected with the bottom of the water inlet shell 1 and communicated with the drainage shell 2; a water outlet 2-1 is arranged at the bottom of the drainage shell 2, and a propeller 5 is arranged in the drainage shell 2; the inner side of the inner filter element 4 is provided with a washing channel 6, the washing channel 6 comprises a guide pipe 61 and a hollow washing shell 62 which are communicated, the bottom of the guide pipe 61 is vertically arranged and is in a horn shape, two sides of the guide pipe 61 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the inner filter element 4 through a cross rod 17, and the guide pipe 61 is arranged right above the propeller 5; the bottom end of the flow guide pipe 61 is provided with a flow guide opening 6-1 of the flushing channel 6, a flushing opening 6-2 of the flushing channel 6 is arranged on the side wall of the flushing shell 62 and faces towards the inner edge surface of the outer filter element 3, and the flushing opening 6-2 is higher than the opening; a collecting box 8 is fixed above the water inlet shell 1, the bottom of the collecting box 8 is provided with a through hole 8-1, the inner wall of the through hole 8-1 is arranged at intervals with the outer filter element 3, and the bottom of the collecting box 8 is gradually arranged from inside to outside in a downward transition way; wash the top of shell 61 and be fixed with motor 9, the output of motor 9 is fixed with the lead screw 10 of vertical setting, lead screw 10 screw-thread fit has connecting plate 11, connecting plate 11 and outer filter core 3 fixed connection, the both sides of motor 10 be provided with wash shell 61 fixed connection's guide post 15, guide post 15 wears to locate on connecting plate 11 and its top is fixed with roof 14, the below of roof 14 is fixed with bearing 16, bearing 16 cover is established on the top of lead screw 10.
When the water surface garbage collector is used, the specific working process is shown in figure 2 and mainly comprises the following steps:
1. placing the equipment on the water surface of a black and odorous river channel to enable the water inlet shell 1 to float on the water surface, and then starting the equipment;
2. the propeller 5 rotates to generate negative pressure to drive water flow to enter the water inlet shell 1, so that garbage is attracted to move and attach to the outer side of the water inlet shell 3, and the garbage smoothly passes through the outer filter element 3 and the inner filter element 4 in sequence and then enters the drainage shell 2 and is discharged from the drainage outlet 2-1;
3. when more garbage is attached to the surface of the outer filter element 3 and the flow of water flow and the garbage collection efficiency are affected, the outer filter element 3 moves upwards, the propeller 5 rotates in the direction opposite to the direction in the step 2 and opens the flushing valve 7, so that the water flow enters the drainage shell 2 through the drainage port 2-1 and then enters the flow guide pipe 61 through the flow guide port 6-1, the water flow flows upwards along the flow guide pipe 61 and enters the flushing shell 62, the water flow is discharged from the flushing port 6-2 to dredge the outer filter element 3, and the garbage is flushed into the collection box 8;
4. after the outer filter element 3 is dredged, the outer filter element 3 moves downwards to an initial position, the garbage attached to the surface of the inner filter element 4 is cleaned in the downward moving process, the flushing valve 7 is closed, the propeller 5 rotates according to the direction in the step 2, and the garbage is isolated outside the outer filter element 3 through the outer filter element 3;
5. and repeating the steps 2-4 until the garbage on the river surface is completely collected.
When the water surface garbage collector operates, garbage on the surface of the outer filter element 3 can be cleaned in time, and when the garbage collector is cleaned, water flow is utilized to flush the garbage into the collecting box 8, so that the dredging and cleaning are carried out synchronously, and the garbage on the inner filter element 4 can be swept away in the downward moving process of the outer filter element 3, so that the blockage of the garbage is avoided, the water flow circulation is not smooth, and the rapid flowing of a water body is guaranteed, and the garbage collecting efficiency is improved. In the water surface garbage collector, garbage collection in multiple directions can be realized through the six water inlet shells 1-1 circumferentially distributed on the side wall of the water inlet shell 1, and the collection area is enlarged; the bottom of the collecting box 8 is gradually arranged in a downward transition mode from inside to outside, so that garbage can be stored conveniently, and the garbage is prevented from sliding downwards to the through hole 8-1 along the bottom wall of the collecting box 8 and falling into the water inlet shell 1.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the water surface garbage collector of embodiment 2 is based on embodiment 1, except that the flushing valve 7 is a one-way valve, an inlet of which is arranged opposite to the diversion port 6-1, and the water outlet 2-1 is arranged on the side wall of the water outlet shell 2 and is connected with a water outlet valve 13; the collecting box 8 is detachably connected with the water inlet shell 1, a threaded ring 18 is fixed at the bottom of the collecting box 8, and the outer wall of the threaded ring 18 is in threaded fit with the inner wall of the through hole 8-1; the collection box 8 is provided with a water through opening 8-2, and the water through opening 8-2 is connected with a filter screen 12.
When the water surface garbage collector of the embodiment operates, the propeller 5 can continuously keep the rotation in the fixed direction, so that the water body around the equipment continuously flows to drive garbage to enter the water inlet shell 1, and the garbage collection efficiency is greatly improved. When the equipment runs, firstly, the drain valve 13 is opened, the propeller 5 is rotated, then water flow is introduced into the water inlet shell 1, garbage in water is filtered through the outer filter element 3, clean water flow enters the inner side of the inner filter element 4, then flows downwards into the water outlet shell 2 and is discharged through the water outlet 2-1, and as the flushing valve 7 of the flow guide pipe 61 is a one-way valve with an inlet back to the flow guide opening 6-1, no water flow flows downwards in the flow guide pipe 61; when more garbage is accumulated on the surface of the outer filter element 3, the drain valve 13 is closed, the propeller 5 keeps the original rotating state, the motor 9 is started to drive the screw rod 10 to rotate, and in the process of driving the outer filter element 3 to move upwards through the connecting plate 11 in threaded fit, because the drain valve 13 is in the closed state, the water flow entering the inner side of the inner filter element 3 at the moment flows upwards along the guide pipe 61 and is sprayed out from the washing port 6-2 of the washing shell 62 to dredge the outer filter element 3, and the garbage on the surface of the outer filter element 3 is washed into the collecting box 8, and meanwhile, the garbage impurities in the water are filtered by the inner filter element 4; after the outer filter element 3 is washed and dredged, the motor 9 drives the screw rod 10 to rotate reversely, the outer filter element 3 is driven to move downwards to the original position through the connecting plate 11, and in the process that the outer filter element 3 moves downwards, garbage on the surface of the inner filter element 4 is swept, so that water flow can smoothly pass through the outer filter element 3 and the inner filter element 4. Consequently, screw 5 in this embodiment can continuously keep the rotation of same direction, drives rubbish through rivers and flows in into shell 1 to when piling up more rubbish on outer filter core 3 surface, can move up through outer filter core 3, wash the mediation to outer filter core 3, wash the rubbish on the outer filter core 3 to collect in the box 8, can utilize interior filter core 4 again to filter, make equipment continuously attract rubbish, and later collect, thereby increased substantially garbage collection efficiency.
In addition, a water through opening 8-2 is formed in the collecting box 8, so that water flow sprayed out of the outer filter element 3 is convenient to discharge, and the arranged filter screen 12 is used for preventing garbage from flowing to the outside of the collecting box 8 along with the water flow, so that the garbage collecting effect is ensured; in addition, collect box 8 and the shell 1 that intakes adopts the mode of dismantling the connection, through rotating collect box 8, utilize screw-thread fit's 18 outer walls of screw ring and through-hole 8-1's inner wall, conveniently collect the installation of box 8 and dismantle, after garbage collection finishes, take off collect box 8 to handle the rubbish of collecting box 8 storage. It should be noted that the detachable connection manner of the collecting box 8 and the water inlet housing 1 is not limited to the threaded connection manner, for example, the mounting and dismounting of the collecting box 8 can be facilitated by the snap connection.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for restoring the ecology of the black and odorous river is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10 aeration oxygenation: arranging an aeration device in the river channel, introducing external atmosphere into the water body, and dispersing the external atmosphere after the external atmosphere is crushed into micro bubbles to increase dissolved oxygen in the water body;
s20 microbial degradation: digesting COD and ammonia nitrogen in the river channel treated by the S10 by using aerobic bacteria;
s30 collecting water surface garbage: collecting garbage on the water surface on the river channel surface treated by the S20 by using a water surface garbage collector;
s40 ecological restoration: planting aquatic plants in the riverway after the water surface garbage is collected, and introducing aquatic animals;
s50 fountain: promoting the water body after the S40 treatment to circularly flow and improving the river landscape effect.
2. The ecological restoration method for black smelly river according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water surface garbage collector comprises a water inlet shell (1) and a water discharge shell (2) which are communicated up and down; a water inlet (1-1) is formed in the water inlet shell (1), an opening (1-2) is formed in the top of the water inlet shell, an outer filter element (3) is vertically arranged in the opening (1-2), and the outer filter element (3) is arranged in a sliding mode along the axial lead direction of the outer filter element; an inner filter element (4) which is attached to the inner edge surface of the outer filter element is arranged in the outer filter element (3), and the inner filter element (4) is hermetically connected with the bottom of the water inlet shell (1) and communicated with the drainage shell (2); a water outlet (2-1) is formed in the drainage shell (2), and a propeller (5) is arranged in the drainage shell; a flushing channel (6) is arranged on the inner side of the inner filter element (4), the flushing channel (6) is connected with a flushing valve (7), a flow guide port (6-1) of the flushing channel (6) is communicated with the inner cavity of the drainage shell (2), and a flushing port (6-2) of the flushing channel (6) is higher than the opening (1-2) and faces towards the outer filter element (3); the water inlet shell (1) is provided with a collecting box (8), the bottom of the collecting box (8) is provided with a through hole (8-1), and the inner wall of the through hole (8-1) and the outer filter element (3) are arranged at intervals.
3. The ecological restoration method for black smelly river according to claim 2, characterized in that: the working process of the water surface garbage collector is as follows: s301, the propeller (5) rotates to generate negative pressure, so that garbage is attracted to move and is attached to the outer side of the outer filter element (3); s302, the outer filter element (3) moves upwards, water flow is sprayed out from the inner side of the outer filter element (3) to the outer side through the washing channel (6), the outer filter element (3) is dredged, and attached garbage is washed into the collection box (8); s303, moving the outer filter element (3) downwards to enable the outer filter element (3) to clean the garbage on the surface of the inner filter element (4); and repeating the circulation process until the water surface garbage collection is completed.
4. The black smelly river ecological restoration method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the step S10 is preceded by the step S00 detoxification and deodorization: adding an antidote into the river channel, sterilizing and disinfecting the black mud in the water body, and adding a biological deodorization microbial inoculum to eliminate peculiar smell; the antidote is detoxication Bishuan.
5. The black smelly river ecological restoration method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the aerobic bacteria comprise ammonia nitrogen degrading bacteria and COD degrading bacteria.
6. The black smelly river ecological restoration method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the aquatic plant comprises at least one of herba Spirodelae, herba Eichhorniae, herba Azollae Davidii, herba Spirodelae, Gomphrena globosa, Ixeris spicata, HULUWEISI, herba potamogeti, herba Sonchi Oleracei and herba Droserae Lunatae; the aquatic animals comprise at least one of snakeheads, snails and freshwater mussels.
7. The ecological restoration method for black smelly river according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flushing valve (7) is a one-way valve, and an inlet of the flushing valve (7) is arranged back to the diversion port (6-1).
8. The ecological restoration method for black smelly river according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flushing channel (6) comprises a guide pipe (61) and a hollow flushing shell (62) which are communicated, the guide opening (6-1) is formed in the guide pipe (61), and the flushing opening (6-2) is formed in the flushing shell (62); the flushing shell (62) is attached to the inner edge surface of the outer filter element (3); the propeller (5) is higher than the flushing port (6-2) and is positioned on the outer side of the flow guide pipe (61), and the water discharge port (2-1) is connected with a water discharge valve (13).
9. The ecological restoration method for black smelly river according to claim 8, characterized in that: the top of washing shell (62) is fixed with motor (9), the output of motor (9) is fixed with lead screw (10) of vertical setting, lead screw (10) screw-thread fit has connecting plate (11), connecting plate (11) with outer filter core (3) fixed connection.
10. The ecological restoration method for black smelly river according to claim 2, characterized in that: the collecting box (8) is detachably connected with the water inlet shell (1); a water through opening (8-2) is formed in the collecting box (8), and the water through opening (8-2) is connected with a filter screen (12); the bottom of the collecting box (8) is gradually arranged in a downward transition mode from inside to outside.
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