CN112550582B - Ballast system for reducing sediment sucked by ballast water and ship - Google Patents

Ballast system for reducing sediment sucked by ballast water and ship Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112550582B
CN112550582B CN202011398957.8A CN202011398957A CN112550582B CN 112550582 B CN112550582 B CN 112550582B CN 202011398957 A CN202011398957 A CN 202011398957A CN 112550582 B CN112550582 B CN 112550582B
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China
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ballast
water
pipe
valve
ship
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CN112550582A (en
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刘恒
徐岸南
段斌
宋忠兵
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Hudong Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group Co Ltd
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Hudong Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/04Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
    • B63B43/06Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability using ballast tanks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for

Abstract

The invention discloses a ballast system for reducing silt sucked by ship ballast water and a control method thereof, wherein the ballast system comprises a seawater main pipe, a side water inlet pipe, a ballast tank connecting pipe connected to a ballast tank, and a ballast water conveying pipe respectively connected with water outlets of the seawater main pipe, the side water inlet pipe and the ballast tank connecting pipe; the water outlet of the ballast water conveying pipe is respectively connected with the water inlet of the outboard drain pipe and the ballast tank connecting pipe, a seawater filter, a ballast pump, a water conveying valve and a purifying and filtering valve are sequentially arranged on the ballast water conveying pipe along the water flow direction, and the purifying and filtering valve is connected with the ballast water treatment device in parallel. The invention can flexibly select the water taking position of the ballast water according to the operation state of the ship ballast water, the sediment content and the water level of the surrounding water body, and efficiently reduce the sediment content of the sucked ballast water.

Description

Ballast system for reducing sediment sucked by ballast water and ship
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship construction, in particular to a ballast system for reducing silt sucked into ship ballast water and a ship.
Background
Due to the internationality of shipping, marine pollution becomes an international hazard. In order to protect the marine environment and prevent marine pollution and invasion of foreign organisms, countries in the world set a series of regulations and regulations in sequence for regulating relevant operation and discharge of ballast water.
In a conventional ballast water system, the water taking position is fixed, and when the water quality of an external water body is poor or the water level is shallow, silt can be easily sucked into the ballast system. This causes a decrease in the efficiency of the ballast water treatment apparatus, and even a failure in operation, which in turn prolongs the ballast water operation time and affects the ship operation. Once external silt is deposited in the ballast tank, the external silt is difficult to be discharged again by utilizing the conventional ballast water operation, and the sediment in the ballast tank is a hotbed for breeding bacteria and microorganisms, so that secondary pollution is caused to the treated ballast water, and further the environment of the sea and rivers is polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a ballast system for reducing silt sucked into ballast water of a ship and a control method thereof, which are used to solve the problems in the background art.
A ballast system for reducing intake of ballast water into a vessel for silt, comprising:
the seawater main pipe is used for sucking seawater when the water body is clear or the ship draft is greater than a set depth;
the side water inlet pipe is used for sucking seawater when the water body is turbid or the draught of the ship is less than a set depth;
a ballast tank connection pipe connected to the ballast tank;
and a ballast water delivery pipe respectively connected with the seawater main pipe, the side inlet pipe and the water outlet of the ballast tank connecting pipe;
the water outlet of the ballast water conveying pipe is respectively connected with the water inlet of the outboard drain pipe and the ballast tank connecting pipe, a seawater filter, a ballast pump, a water conveying valve and a purifying and filtering valve are sequentially arranged on the ballast water conveying pipe along the water flow direction, and the purifying and filtering valve is connected with the ballast water treatment device in parallel.
Preferably, the water outlet of the ballast pump is also provided with a check valve.
Preferably, the ballast tank connecting pipe comprises a connecting main pipe connected to the ballast tank, and a water inlet branch pipe and a water outlet branch pipe which are respectively connected with a water outlet of the connecting main pipe, wherein a water inlet valve is installed on the water inlet branch pipe, and a water outlet valve is installed on the water outlet branch pipe.
Preferably, the suction device is installed at the end of the broadside water inlet pipe, and a broadside water valve and a plurality of buoyancy devices which are arranged at equal intervals are installed on the pipe body of the broadside water inlet pipe.
Preferably, the suction device comprises a shell, a filter screen is arranged on the shell, a balancing weight is fixed at the bottom of the shell, and a connecting flange used for being connected with the broadside water inlet pipe is fixed at the top of the shell.
Preferably, the broadside water inlet pipe is also connected with an anti-siphon pipe, and the anti-siphon pipe is provided with a control valve.
Preferably, a main pipe filter and a main pipe control valve are installed on the seawater main pipe;
and a drain valve is arranged on the outboard drain pipe.
A ship comprises the ballast system for reducing silt sucked into ship ballast water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can flexibly select the water taking position of the ballast water according to the operation state of the ship ballast water, the sediment content and the water level of the surrounding water body, and efficiently reduce the sediment content of the sucked ballast water. Effectively improve ballast water processing apparatus's work efficiency, reduce the deposit of ballast tank silt, reduce ballast water secondary pollution's in the ballast tank risk, and then reduce the environmental pollution because of the ballast water causes. The system has simple configuration and flexible operation, and is suitable for various types of sea ships and river and sea combined transport type ships.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the installation of the ballast system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a piping diagram of the ballast system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the inhalation device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a broadside intake pipe.
The reference numerals in the figures have the meaning:
the device comprises a sea chest 1, a sea main pipe 2, a sea water filter 3, a ballast pump 4, a side water inlet pipe 5, a suction device 6, a side water seal door 7, a hose bracket 8, a main pipe filter 9, a water outlet branch pipe 10, a water inlet branch pipe 11, a main pipe control valve 12, a water outlet valve 13, a side water valve 14, a control valve 15, a water delivery valve 16, a connecting main pipe 17, an anti-siphon pipe 18, a purifying and filtering valve 19, a check valve 20, a water inlet valve 21, a water outlet valve 22, a ballast water treatment device 23, a ballast water conveying pipe 24, a ballast water discharging pipe 25, a ballast tank 26, a hose hoisting block 27, a hose hoisting beam 28, a hose hoisting beam 6-1, a connecting flange 6-2, a shell, a filter screen 6-3 and a buoyancy device 5-1.
Detailed Description
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
In the description of the present application, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "plurality" means two or more unless specified or indicated otherwise; the terms "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like used in the embodiments of the present application are described with reference to the angles shown in the drawings, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in this context, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, it can be directly on "or" under "the other element or be indirectly on" or "under" the other element via an intermediate element.
The invention provides a ballast system for reducing silt sucked by ship ballast water, which comprises a seawater main pipe 2, a side water inlet pipe 5, a ballast tank connecting pipe and a ballast water conveying pipe 24.
The seawater main pipe 2 is used for sucking seawater when the water body is clear or the draught of a ship is greater than a set depth. The seawater main pipe 2 is provided with a main pipe filter 9 and a main pipe control valve 12. The main pipe filter 9 is connected with the submarine gate 1, and the submarine gate 1 is connected with an external water body. The main control valve 12 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the seawater main 2.
The side water inlet pipe 5 is used for sucking seawater when the water body is turbid or the draught of the ship is less than a set depth. The end part of the side water inlet pipe 5 is provided with a suction device 6, and the pipe body of the side water inlet pipe 5 is provided with a side water valve 14 and a plurality of buoyancy devices 5-1 which are arranged at equal intervals.
The suction device 6 comprises a shell 6-2, a filter screen 6-3 is arranged on the shell 6-2, a balancing weight is fixed at the bottom of the shell 6-2, and a connecting flange 6-1 used for being connected with the broadside water inlet pipe 5 is fixed at the top of the shell 6-2.
In this embodiment, the side inlet pipe 5 is a hose. When the shipboard water inlet pipe 5 is not used for supplying ballast seawater, the shipboard water inlet pipe 5 is stored on the hose bracket 8, a hose lifting beam 28 can be arranged above the hose bracket 8, a hose lifting hoist 27 is arranged on the hose lifting beam 28, the hose lifting hoist 27 is provided with a trolley, and the trolley can longitudinally walk on the hose lifting beam 28 and can be driven by an electric motor or a manual motor.
When the ballast water is supplied through the side intake port 5, the side watertight door 7 is opened, and the suction device 6 is suspended into the water through the side watertight door 7 by the hose hoist 27. In the actual use process, the number of the buoyancy devices 5-1 can be properly adjusted to ensure that the broadside water inlet pipe 5 is in a floating state in the whole operation process. Through increasing or reducing the balancing weight, adjustable suction device 6 makes suction device 6 submerge just and be in the vertical state in the aquatic, ensures that topside inlet tube 5 is from the surface layer water intaking all the time to reduce the suction of silt.
The ballast tank connection pipes are connected to the ballast tank 26. The ballast tank connecting pipe comprises a connecting main pipe 17 connected to the ballast tank, and a water inlet branch pipe 11 and a water outlet branch pipe 10 which are respectively connected with the water outlet of the connecting main pipe 17, wherein a water inlet valve 21 is installed on the water inlet branch pipe 11, and a water outlet valve 13 is installed on the water outlet branch pipe 10.
The water inlet of the ballast water conveying pipe 24 is respectively connected with the water outlets of the seawater main pipe 2, the side water inlet pipe 5 and the ballast tank connecting pipe, and the water outlet of the ballast water conveying pipe 24 is respectively connected with the water inlet of the outboard water discharge pipe 25 and the ballast tank connecting pipe. The ballast water conveying pipe 24 is sequentially provided with a seawater filter 3, a ballast pump 4, a water conveying valve 16 and a purifying filter valve 19 along the water flow direction, and the purifying filter valve 19 is connected with the ballast water treatment device 23 in parallel.
The outboard drain pipe 25 is mounted with a drain valve 22.
The outlet of the ballast pump 4 is also fitted with a check valve 20.
Preferably, the side inlet pipe 5 is also connected with an anti-siphon pipe 18, and the anti-siphon pipe 18 is provided with a control valve 15.
The invention discloses a control method of a ballast system for reducing silt sucked into ship ballast water, which specifically comprises the following steps:
and S1, when the water body is clear or the ship draft is greater than the set depth, the ballast seawater is conveyed into the ballast tank 26 through the seawater main pipe 2, the ballast water conveying pipe 24, the ballast water treatment device 23 and the water inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connecting pipe.
First, the intake branch pipe 11 and the discharge branch pipe 10 of the side intake pipe 5 and the ballast tank connection pipe are closed, the seawater main pipe 2 and the outboard discharge pipe 25 are opened, the flow rate of the ballast water transport pipe 24 is gradually increased according to the start-up operation state of the ballast pump 4, and the ballast seawater is discharged outboard through the seawater main pipe 2, the ballast water transport pipe 24, the ballast water treatment apparatus 23, and the outboard discharge pipe 25.
When the flow rate of the ballast water in the ballast water delivery pipe 24 is stabilized, the outboard discharge pipe 25 is closed, the water inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connection pipe is opened, and the ballast water is delivered into the ballast tank 26 through the seawater main pipe 2, the ballast water delivery pipe 24, the ballast water treatment device 23, and the water inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connection pipe.
As shown in fig. 2, when the water body is clear or the draught of the ship is greater than the set depth, the outlet valve 13 of the outlet branch pipe 10 of the ballast tank connection pipe and the side water valve 14 of the side inlet pipe 5 are closed. The opening degree of a main pipe control valve 12 on a seawater main pipe 2 is adjusted to 10%, a water delivery valve 16 is kept closed, a ballast pump 4 (with a vacuum device) is operated, vacuum is built at a suction port of the ballast pump 4 by the aid of the vacuum device of the ballast pump 4, the main pipe control valve 12 and the water delivery valve 16 are opened slowly after the vacuum is built, and when the pressure of an outlet of the ballast pump 4 rises to a set value, the ballast pump 4 stops working due to the vacuum device. At this time, the ballast water is sucked into the ballast water transfer pipe 24 from the sea chest 1 through the main pipe strainer 9, the seawater main pipe 2 and the seawater strainer 3.
The valves of the water inlet and the water outlet of the ballast water treatment device 23 are opened while the purifying and filtering valve 19 of the ballast water transport pipe 24 is kept closed, the ballast water treatment device 23 is connected to the system, and the ballast water is further purified and treated by the ballast water treatment device 23. The water inlet valve 21 of the water inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connection pipe is kept closed, the water discharge valve 22 of the outboard discharge pipe 25 is opened, and the ballast water treated by the ballast water treatment device 23 is discharged outboard through the outboard discharge pipe 25.
When the flow rate of the seawater ballast in the ballast water transport pipe 24 is stable, the drain valve 22 is closed, the inlet valve 21 of the inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connection pipe is opened, and the ballast water is transported to the ballast tank 26 through the inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connection pipe 26.
And S2, when the water body is turbid or the ship draft is less than the set depth, the ballast seawater is conveyed into the ballast tank 26 through the side inlet pipe 5, the ballast water conveying pipe 24, the ballast water treatment device 23 and the inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connecting pipe.
First, the suction device 6 at the end of the side intake pipe 5 is put into the water through the side watertight door 7.
Then, the water inlet branch pipe 11 and the water outlet branch pipe 10 of the seawater main pipe 2 and the ballast tank connection pipe are closed, the side inlet pipe 5 and the side outlet pipe 25 are opened, the flow rate of the ballast water transport pipe 24 is gradually increased according to the start-up operation state of the ballast pump 4, and the ballast seawater is discharged to the outside through the side inlet pipe 5, the ballast water transport pipe 24, the ballast water treatment apparatus 23, and the side outlet pipe 25.
When the flow rate of the ballast water in the ballast water transport pipe 24 is stabilized, the outboard discharge pipe 25 is closed, and the water inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connection pipe is opened, and the ballast water is transported into the ballast tank 26 through the side inlet pipe 5, the ballast water transport pipe 24, the ballast water treatment device 23, and the water inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connection pipe.
As shown in fig. 2, when the water body is turbid or the draught of the ship is less than the set depth, the main pipe control valve 12 and the water outlet valve 13 on the water outlet branch pipe 10 of the ballast tank connecting pipe are closed. The opening degree of the side water valve 14 on the side water inlet pipe 5 is adjusted to 10%, the water delivery valve 16 on the ballast water delivery pipe 24 and the control valve 15 on the anti-siphon pipe 18 are kept at the closed positions, the ballast pump (with a vacuum device) 4 is operated, vacuum is established at the suction port of the ballast pump 4 by the vacuum device carried by the ballast pump 4, the side water valve 14 on the side water inlet pipe 5 and the water delivery valve 16 on the ballast water delivery pipe 24 are opened slowly after the vacuum is established, and at the moment, ballast water is sucked into the seawater filter 3 through the side water inlet pipe 5 by the suction device 6.
When the pressure at the outlet of the ballast pump 4 rises to a set value, the ballast pump 4 stops working with a vacuum device, the purification filter valve 19 on the ballast water conveying pipe 24 is kept in a closed state, the valves at the water inlet and the water outlet of the ballast water treatment device 23 are opened, the ballast water treatment device 23 is connected into the system, and the ballast water is further purified and treated by a fine filter of the ballast water treatment device 23. The water inlet valve 21 on the water inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connecting pipe is kept closed, the water discharge valve 22 on the outboard discharge pipe 25 is opened, and the ballast water treated by the ballast water treatment device 23 is discharged outboard through the outboard discharge pipe 25.
When the flow rate of the ballast seawater in the ballast water delivery pipe 24 is stable, the drain valve 22 on the outboard discharge pipe 25 is closed, the water inlet valve 21 on the water inlet branch pipe 11 of the ballast tank connection pipe is opened, and the ballast water is delivered to the ballast tank 26 through the water inlet branch pipe of the ballast tank connection pipe.
After the ballast operation is completed, the ballast pump (with vacuum) 4 is closed, and the check valve 20 functions to prevent the backflow of seawater.
The control valve 15 (anti-siphon) on the anti-siphon pipe 18 is opened, the water in the side intake pipe 5 is drained by gravity, and the side intake pipe 5 and the suction device 6 are recovered by the hose hoist 27, and the side intake pipe 5 is stored on the hose bracket 8. And after the recovery of the side water inlet pipe 5 is finished, closing the side watertight door 7.
And S3, in the process of discharging the ballast water, discharging the ballast water in the ballast tank out of the ship board through a water outlet branch pipe, a ballast water conveying pipe and an outboard water discharging pipe of the ballast tank connecting pipe.
As shown in fig. 2, during the discharge of the ballast water, the main pipe control valve 12 on the seawater main pipe and the side water valve 14 on the side intake pipe are closed. The opening degree of a water outlet valve 13 on a water outlet branch pipe of a ballast tank connecting pipe is adjusted to 10%, a water delivery valve 16 on a ballast water delivery pipe is kept at a closed position, a ballast pump (with a vacuum device) 4 is operated, vacuum is established at a suction port of the ballast pump by using the vacuum device of the ballast pump, the water outlet valve 13 on the water outlet branch pipe of the ballast tank connecting pipe and the water delivery valve 16 on the ballast water delivery pipe are slowly opened after the vacuum is established, and at the moment, ballast water is delivered into a seawater filter 3 from a ballast tank 26 through the water outlet branch pipe 10 of the ballast tank connecting pipe.
When the pressure at the outlet of the ballast pump 4 rises to a set value, the ballast pump 4 stops working by a vacuum device, the purification filter valve 19 on the ballast water conveying pipe 24 is opened, the valves at the water inlet and the water outlet of the ballast water treatment device are closed, the ballast water treatment device 23 is isolated, and at the moment, the ballast water does not pass through the ballast water treatment device 23. The water inlet valve 21 of the water inlet branch pipe of the ballast tank connecting pipe is kept closed, the water discharge valve 22 on the outboard discharge pipe 25 is opened, and the ballast water in the ballast tank 26 is discharged to the outboard from the outboard discharge pipe 25.
The invention can flexibly select the water taking position of the ballast water according to the operation state of the ship ballast water, the sediment content and the water level of the surrounding water body, and efficiently reduce the sediment content of the sucked ballast water. Effectively improve ballast water processing apparatus's work efficiency, reduce the deposit of ballast tank silt, reduce ballast water secondary pollution's in the ballast tank risk, and then reduce the environmental pollution because of the ballast water causes. The system has simple configuration and flexible operation, and is suitable for various types of sea ships and river and sea combined transport type ships.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A ballast system for reducing silt intake into ship ballast water, comprising:
the seawater main pipe is used for sucking seawater when the water body is clear or the ship draft is greater than a set depth;
the side water inlet pipe is used for sucking seawater when the water body is turbid or the draught of a ship is smaller than a set depth, the end part of the side water inlet pipe is provided with a suction device, and a side water valve and a plurality of buoyancy devices which are arranged at equal intervals are arranged on the pipe body of the side water inlet pipe;
a ballast tank connection pipe connected to the ballast tank;
and a ballast water delivery pipe respectively connected with the seawater main pipe, the side inlet pipe and the water outlet of the ballast tank connecting pipe;
the water outlet of the ballast water conveying pipe is respectively connected with the water inlet of the outboard drain pipe and the ballast tank connecting pipe, a seawater filter, a ballast pump, a water conveying valve and a purifying and filtering valve are sequentially arranged on the ballast water conveying pipe along the water flow direction, and the purifying and filtering valve is connected with the ballast water treatment device in parallel.
2. The ballast system for reducing intake of sediment into ship ballast water according to claim 1, wherein a check valve is further installed at a water outlet of the ballast pump.
3. The ballast system for reducing intake of sediment into ship ballast water according to claim 1, wherein the ballast tank connection pipe comprises a connection main pipe connected to the ballast tank, and a water inlet branch pipe and a water outlet branch pipe connected to the water outlet of the connection main pipe, respectively, the water inlet branch pipe is provided with a water inlet valve, and the water outlet branch pipe is provided with a water outlet valve.
4. The ballast system for reducing intake of sediment into ship ballast water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intake device comprises a housing, the housing is provided with a filter screen, the bottom of the housing is fixed with a counterweight, and the top of the housing is fixed with a connecting flange for connecting with a topside water intake pipe.
5. The ballast system for reducing intake of sediment into ship ballast water according to claim 1, wherein an anti-siphon pipe is further connected to the topside water intake pipe, and a control valve is installed on the anti-siphon pipe.
6. The ballast system for reducing intake of sediment into ship ballast water according to claim 1, wherein a main pipe filter and a main pipe control valve are installed on the seawater main pipe;
and a drain valve is arranged on the outboard drain pipe.
7. A ship comprising a ballast system for reducing intake of silt into ship ballast water according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202011398957.8A 2020-12-03 2020-12-03 Ballast system for reducing sediment sucked by ballast water and ship Active CN112550582B (en)

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CN102030077B (en) * 2010-11-30 2013-04-03 南通中远川崎船舶工程有限公司 Anti-sediment type large-size ship with new ballast tank separation
CN102491569B (en) * 2011-11-30 2013-06-19 江苏南极机械有限责任公司 Marine ballast water treatment system
CN203666941U (en) * 2013-12-27 2014-06-25 中国船舶工业集团公司第七〇八研究所 Ballast compartment sediment-prevention system
KR20160101597A (en) * 2015-02-17 2016-08-25 현대중공업 주식회사 Ballast Water Treatment System
CN107380368A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-11-24 江阴宇博科技有限公司 A kind of ballast tank water treatment facilities
CN111397971A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-07-10 中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所) Seawater collection system and scientific investigation ship

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