CN112548115A - Device and method for printing large titanium alloy part through laser coaxial fuse wire - Google Patents
Device and method for printing large titanium alloy part through laser coaxial fuse wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN112548115A CN112548115A CN202011349953.0A CN202011349953A CN112548115A CN 112548115 A CN112548115 A CN 112548115A CN 202011349953 A CN202011349953 A CN 202011349953A CN 112548115 A CN112548115 A CN 112548115A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for printing large titanium alloy parts by laser coaxial fuses. And cleaning the deposition part in real time by using a laser cleaning device to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the deposition piece so as to ensure interlayer bonding. The method is mainly applied to laser fuse additive manufacturing of large-size titanium alloy parts, is used for realizing free manufacturing of the large-size titanium alloy parts, and does not need to customize a large-size anti-oxidation device according to the printing size to protect a printing deposit. Can realize the additive manufacturing of titanium alloy parts with high efficiency and any size.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of titanium alloy/laser fuse/laser additive manufacturing (3D printing), and particularly relates to a device and a method for printing a large titanium alloy part through a laser coaxial fuse.
Background
The titanium alloy has the outstanding advantages of low density, high strength, corrosion resistance and the like, the dosage of the titanium alloy structural member in advanced fighters, large airplanes, high thrust-weight ratio aircraft engines, industrial heavy-duty gas turbines and other equipment is increasingly large, for example, the dosage of the titanium alloy structural member in Boeing 787 large airliners exceeds 15% of the weight of the structure of the airframe, the dosage of the titanium alloy structural member in American fourth generation fighter F-22 is higher by 41%, and the dosage of the titanium alloy in the high thrust ratio aircraft engines reaches 25% -40%, and meanwhile, in order to effectively reduce the weight of the equipment structure, improve the performance of the equipment, prolong the service life and improve the reliability, the titanium alloy large-scale integral structure is increasingly adopted by the airplane, the aircraft. In fact, the usage of the key structural members of the large-scale integral titanium alloy has become one of the important marks for measuring the technical advancement of the important equipment such as modern airplanes, aeroengines and the like.
The laser direct deposition technology is an advanced manufacturing technology developed on the basis of a rapid prototyping technology and a laser cladding technology. The technology is based on the discrete/accumulation principle, the three-dimensional CAD model of the part is processed in a layering mode, two-dimensional outline information of each layer of section is obtained, a processing path is generated, in an inert gas protection environment, laser with high energy density is used as a heat source, powder or wire materials fed synchronously are melted and accumulated layer by layer according to the preset processing path, and therefore direct manufacturing and repairing of the metal part are achieved. Laser direct deposition technology was first developed from the united states in the 90 s of the 20 th century. In 1995, the american national laboratory developed a rapid near-net-shape technique for producing dense metal parts by melting metal powder layer by layer directly from a laser beam. Thereafter, a large number of forming process studies have been conducted on various metal materials such as nickel-base superalloy, titanium alloy, austenitic stainless steel, tool steel, tungsten, and the like.
However, the laser direct deposition technique also has the following disadvantages:
when the temperature of a deposition part outside the protective cover is increased due to the continuous accumulation of heat input in the printing process, the problem of surface oxidation is caused, and the layers cannot be effectively combined to seriously influence various performances of the deposition part.
The cost of using a large anti-oxidation device can greatly increase the printing cost and the protection device needs to be customized according to the size of the printed part. Free manufacture of parts of any size cannot be achieved.
The laser light wire feeding printing process can greatly improve the utilization rate of cladding materials, is greatly influenced by the position of the wire feeding material and the wire feeding angle, and cannot ensure the consistency of all directions of a printing layer during three-dimensional multidirectional forming. The laser coaxial powder feeding printing large-sized titanium alloy parts cannot achieve 100% of powder utilization rate due to powder divergence and difficulty in control. And the deposition efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a device and a method for printing a large titanium alloy part through a laser coaxial fuse wire, so that the problem that the size of the large titanium alloy part is limited by the size of an anti-oxidation device in the additive manufacturing process is solved, and the large titanium alloy part can be freely manufactured.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, a device of large-scale titanium alloy part is printed to coaxial fuse of laser, including laser adapter, be provided with optical fiber splice and photoscope on the laser adapter, optical fiber splice passes through inside light path with the photoscope and is connected, be provided with on the laser adapter and send a joint and send a mouth, send a joint and send a mouth intercommunication, the photoscope with send the coaxial setting of mouth, laser adapter sets up on the moving guide, be provided with the laser cleaning head on the moving guide, be provided with laser cleaning optical fiber splice on the laser adapter, laser cleaning optical fiber splice passes through inside light path and is connected with the laser cleaning head.
The laser adapter is fixed on the console, and a first stepping motor is arranged on the laser adapter and used for driving the console to move on an X-Y plane.
The laser cleaning head is provided with a second stepping motor which is used for driving the laser cleaning head to move on the movable guide rail.
An anti-oxidation gas hood is arranged at the lower part of the laser adapter and covers the optical lens and the wire feeding nozzle.
The anti-oxidation gas hood is provided with a protector joint and a water oxygen content sensor.
And the laser adapter is provided with a mounting flange.
A working method of a device for printing large titanium alloy parts by laser coaxial fuses comprises the following steps:
inserting the optical fiber into a laser adapter from an optical fiber connector, reflecting the optical fiber by an internal light path, and then emitting the optical fiber by an optical mirror to form an annular light spot and focusing the annular light spot on the lower part of a wire feeding nozzle, wherein the energy generated by laser focusing is used for melting a wire material for additive manufacturing;
the wire is fed into the laser through a wire feeding connector and a wire feeding nozzle by a wire feeder to realize the optical inner coaxial wire feeding;
laser cleaning equipment optic fibre is washed the optical fiber splice access laser adapter by the laser and is connected to the laser cleaning head inside and carry out the laser and wash.
The first stepping motor controls the rotating platform to rotate in any direction in an X-Y plane for laser cleaning, the stepping motor drives the laser cleaning head to move radially along the moving guide rail to ensure a laser cleaning range, and the moving guide rail is parallel to the printing substrate so as to ensure that the distance from the laser cleaning head to the substrate is within an effective working range of the laser cleaning equipment.
When the deposition piece is exposed outside the anti-oxidation gas hood, the first stepping motor drives the rotating table, the movable guide rail and the laser cleaning head to rotate in the X-Y plane to the printing position of the deposition piece on the upper layer, the stepping motor drives the laser cleaning head to move along the movable guide rail in the radial direction, and the laser cleaning is carried out to remove the surface oxidation layer of the deposition piece on the upper layer.
And the laser adapter is fixed on any mechanical arm through a mounting flange, and additive manufacturing of layer-by-layer deposition is performed through a control arm.
Compared with the prior art, the device of the invention has the advantages that the optical lens and the wire feeding nozzle are coaxially arranged, and the wire is fed to the laser melting pool from the inside of the light, thereby realizing the deposition in any direction. And cleaning the deposition part in real time by using a laser cleaning device to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the deposition piece so as to ensure interlayer bonding. The method is mainly applied to laser fuse additive manufacturing of large-size titanium alloy parts, is used for realizing free manufacturing of the large-size titanium alloy parts, and does not need to customize a large-size anti-oxidation device according to the printing size to protect a printing deposit. Can realize the additive manufacturing of titanium alloy parts with high efficiency and any size.
Furthermore, the anti-oxidation gas hood is arranged, so that local atmosphere protection can be performed, and the problem of oxidation in the printing process is solved.
Furthermore, the laser cleaning device adopts a motor-driven rotary design to realize laser cleaning of the deposition piece exposed in the air in any direction, so that the problem of surface oxidation of the deposition piece locally exposed in the air due to energy transfer is solved.
The method of the invention is characterized in that the light path of the optical fiber is reflected by the internal light path and then is emitted by the optical mirror to form an annular light spot which is focused on the lower part of the wire feeding nozzle, and the energy generated by laser focusing is used for melting the wire material for additive manufacturing; the wire is fed into the laser through a wire feeding connector and a wire feeding nozzle by a wire feeder to realize the optical inner coaxial wire feeding; the optical fiber of the laser cleaning equipment is connected to the laser cleaning head through the inside to carry out laser cleaning, the problem that the size of a large titanium alloy part is limited by the size of an anti-oxidation device in the additive manufacturing process can be solved, the large titanium alloy part can be freely manufactured, the material utilization rate of the titanium alloy metal part forming is improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal optical path of the present invention;
the device comprises an optical fiber connector 1, an optical fiber connector 2, a protector connector 3, a mounting flange 4, a first stepping motor 5, a wire feeding connector 6, a second stepping motor 7, a water and oxygen content sensor 8, an anti-oxidation gas cover 9, a rotating table 10, a movable guide rail 11, a laser cleaning head 12, a laser cleaning optical fiber connector 13, a laser adapter 14, a light lens 15 and a wire feeding nozzle.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a device for printing large-scale titanium alloy part through laser coaxial fuse, including laser adapter 13, be provided with optical fiber splice 1 and optical lens 14 on the laser adapter 13, optical fiber splice 1 passes through inside light path with optical lens 14 and is connected, be provided with on the laser adapter 13 and send a connector 5 and send a mouth 15, send a connector 5 and send a mouth 15 intercommunication, optical lens 14 and send the coaxial setting of mouth 15, laser adapter 13 sets up on mobile rail 10, be provided with laser cleaning head 11 on the mobile rail 10, be provided with laser cleaning optical fiber splice 12 on the laser adapter 13, laser cleaning optical fiber splice 12 is connected with laser cleaning head 11 through inside light path. The laser adapter 13 is fixed on the control console 9, the laser adapter 13 is provided with a first stepping motor 4, and the first stepping motor 4 is used for driving the control console 9 to move on an X-Y plane. The laser cleaning head 11 is provided with a second stepping motor 6, and the second stepping motor 6 is used for driving the laser cleaning head 11 to move on the movable guide rail 10. An anti-oxidation gas cover 8 is arranged at the lower part of the laser adapter 13, and the optical lens 14 and the wire feeding nozzle 15 are covered by the anti-oxidation gas cover 8. The anti-oxidation gas hood 8 is provided with a protector joint 2 and a water oxygen content sensor 7. And the laser adapter 13 is provided with a mounting flange 3.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an operating method of an apparatus for laser coaxial fuse printing of large titanium alloy parts includes the following steps:
inserting the optical fiber into a laser adapter 13 from an optical fiber connector 1, reflecting the optical fiber by an internal light path, then emitting the optical fiber by an optical mirror 14 to form an annular light spot, focusing the annular light spot on the lower part of a wire feeding nozzle 15, and melting a wire material by using energy generated by laser focusing for additive manufacturing;
the wire is fed into the laser through a wire feeding connector 5 and a wire feeding nozzle 15 by a wire feeder to realize the optical inner coaxial wire feeding;
the laser cleaning equipment optical fiber is connected into the laser adapter 13 through the laser cleaning optical fiber connector 12 and is connected to the laser cleaning head 11 for laser cleaning.
Example (b):
firstly, an optical fiber is inserted into a laser adapter 13 from an optical fiber connector 1, reflected by an internal light path and then emitted by an optical mirror 14 to form an annular light spot, the annular light spot is focused at a position 10 mm below a wire feeding nozzle 15, and energy generated by laser focusing is used for melting wires to perform additive manufacturing. The wire is fed into the laser through a wire feeding connector 5 and a wire feeding nozzle 15 by a wire feeder to realize the light inner coaxial wire feeding. Laser cleaning equipment optic fibre is accessed laser adapter 13 internal connection to laser cleaning head 11 by laser cleaning optical fiber splice 12 and is carried out laser cleaning, wherein the steerable revolving stage 9 of first step motor 4 realizes arbitrary direction rotation in the X-Y plane and carries out laser cleaning, second step motor 6 can drive laser cleaning head 11 and carry out radial movement along moving guide 10 and ensure the laser cleaning scope, thereby it is parallel with the effective working range of laser cleaning equipment to thereby guarantee laser cleaning head 11 apart from the distance of base plate wherein moving guide 10.
As printing continues, when the deposit is exposed to the outside of the oxidation-resistant gas shield 8, the temperature of the deposit outside the shield rises due to the continuous accumulation of heat input, thereby causing surface oxidation problems, resulting in inefficient bonding between layers and seriously affecting the properties of the deposit. In order to ensure that the surface oxide layer is effectively bonded and removed between layers, the first stepping motor 4 drives the rotating table 9, the movable guide rail 10 and the laser cleaning head 11 to rotate in the X-Y plane to the printing position of the previous deposition piece, the second stepping motor 6 drives the laser cleaning head 11 to move along the movable guide rail 10 in the radial direction, and the surface oxide layer of the previous deposition piece is cleaned and removed by laser, so that the effective bonding between layers and various performances of the deposition piece are ensured.
The effective working distance of laser cleaning is the distance from the laser cleaning head to the deposition piece. The movable guide rail is parallel to the substrate, so that the distance between the laser cleaning head and the substrate is guaranteed to be an effective working distance. The device is arranged on any mechanical arm through the mounting flange 3, and the additive manufacturing process of layer-by-layer deposition can be realized by controlling the arm. The first stepping motor 4 controls the rotary table 9 to rotate to any position along the X-Y plane, so that the substrate before printing is cleaned, and effective combination of a first layer is guaranteed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a device of large-scale titanium alloy part is printed to coaxial fuse of laser, a serial communication port, including laser adapter (13), be provided with optical fiber splice (1) and optical lens (14) on laser adapter (13), optical fiber splice (1) is connected through inside light path with optical lens (14), be provided with on laser adapter (13) and send a connector (5) and send a mouth (15), send a connector (5) and send a mouth (15) intercommunication, optical lens (14) and send the coaxial setting of mouth (15), laser adapter (13) set up on movable guide rail (10), be provided with laser cleaning head (11) on movable guide rail (10), be provided with laser cleaning optical fiber splice (12) on laser adapter (13), laser cleaning optical fiber splice (12) are connected with laser cleaning head (11) through inside light path.
2. The device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large-scale titanium alloy part according to claim 1, wherein the laser adapter (13) is fixed on the console (9), the laser adapter (13) is provided with a first stepping motor (4), and the first stepping motor (4) is used for driving the console (9) to move on an X-Y plane.
3. The device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large titanium alloy parts according to claim 1, wherein the laser cleaning head (11) is provided with a second stepping motor (6), and the second stepping motor (6) is used for driving the laser cleaning head (11) to move on the movable guide rail (10).
4. The device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large titanium alloy part according to claim 1, wherein the laser adapter (13) is provided with an oxidation-proof gas hood (8) at the lower part, and the oxidation-proof gas hood (8) covers the optical lens (14) and the wire feeding nozzle (15).
5. The device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large titanium alloy part according to claim 4, wherein the oxidation-proof gas hood (8) is provided with a protector joint (2) and a water-oxygen content sensor (7).
6. The device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large-scale titanium alloy parts according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser adapter (13) is provided with a mounting flange (3).
7. The working method of the device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large titanium alloy part as recited in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
inserting the optical fiber into a laser adapter (13) from an optical fiber connector (1), reflecting the optical fiber by an internal light path, then emitting the optical fiber by an optical mirror (14) to form an annular light spot, focusing the annular light spot on the lower part of a wire feeding nozzle (15), and melting a wire material by using energy generated by laser focusing to perform additive manufacturing;
the wire material is fed into the laser through a wire feeding connector (5) and a wire feeding nozzle (15) by a wire feeder to realize the coaxial wire feeding in light;
the laser cleaning equipment optical fiber is connected into the laser adapter (13) through the laser cleaning optical fiber connector (12) and is connected to the laser cleaning head (11) for laser cleaning.
8. The working method of the device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large titanium alloy parts is characterized in that the first stepping motor (4) controls the rotating platform (9) to rotate in any direction in the X-Y plane for laser cleaning, the stepping motor (6) drives the laser cleaning head (11) to move radially along the moving guide rail (10) to ensure the laser cleaning range, and the moving guide rail (10) is parallel to the printing substrate to ensure that the distance between the laser cleaning head (11) and the substrate is within the effective working range of the laser cleaning equipment.
9. The working method of the device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large titanium alloy parts is characterized in that when the deposition piece is exposed out of the anti-oxidation gas hood (8), the first stepping motor (4) drives the rotating table (9), the moving guide rail (10) and the laser cleaning head (11) to rotate in the X-Y plane to the upper deposition piece printing position, the stepping motor (6) drives the laser cleaning head (11) to move along the moving guide rail (10) in the radial direction, and the laser cleaning is carried out to remove the surface oxidation layer of the upper deposition piece.
10. The working method of the device for laser coaxial fuse printing of the large titanium alloy parts is characterized in that the laser adapter (13) is fixed on any mechanical arm through the mounting flange (3) and additive manufacturing of layer-by-layer deposition is carried out through the control arm.
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| CN202011349953.0A CN112548115B (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Device and method for printing large titanium alloy part through laser coaxial fuse wire |
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| CN202011349953.0A CN112548115B (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2020-11-26 | Device and method for printing large titanium alloy part through laser coaxial fuse wire |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115319107A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-11-11 | 南京钛陶智能系统有限责任公司 | Three-dimensional printing method combined with laser cleaning |
| CN115533121A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2022-12-30 | 西安空天机电智能制造有限公司 | Magnesium alloy laser additive manufacturing method and application |
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| CN110434336A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-12 | 大连理工大学 | The device and method that laser removes surface scale during metal component increasing material manufacturing in real time |
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| CN203973037U (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-12-03 | 昆山华焊科技有限公司 | A kind of gas protective drawing cover with wire feeder |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115319107A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-11-11 | 南京钛陶智能系统有限责任公司 | Three-dimensional printing method combined with laser cleaning |
| CN115533121A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2022-12-30 | 西安空天机电智能制造有限公司 | Magnesium alloy laser additive manufacturing method and application |
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