CN112546487B - Treatment process for fire zone of coal seam around coal mine collapse column - Google Patents
Treatment process for fire zone of coal seam around coal mine collapse column Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/04—Removing or cutting-off the supply of inflammable material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
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Abstract
The invention provides a coal mine collapse column peripheral coal seam fire area treatment process, which relates to the field of coal mine fire area treatment and is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, determining the positions of drilling holes in an A air way or a total return air way around the position of the fire point, drilling holes, wherein the number of the drilling holes is N, N is an integer larger than 1, measuring data in the holes in the drilling process, and determining the range of the fire area; s2, grouting, plugging and crack filling; and S3, continuously observing. The invention aims at spontaneous combustion and ignition of a coal bed caused by negative pressure air leakage in a hollow area around a collapse column in a wide coal column, and adopts a fire extinguishing method combining drilling, grouting, covering, blocking, cooling, roadway surface crack blocking (slurry spraying) and local air regulation under the condition that the fire area range and the combustion degree are not detailed. The technical measures are safe and feasible, the fire prevention and extinguishing parameters are targeted, the economic benefit is obvious, the technical target is clear and reachable, and the method has wide popularization and application values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mine fire area treatment, in particular to a treatment process for a coal mine fire area around a coal mine collapse column.
Background
Mine fires are one of the major natural disasters in coal mines. Mine fires not only can cause the mine to suffer significant material loss, but also can be a significant source of injury and death to downhole workers. The accidents such as poisonous and harmful gas generated by natural fire in the underground coal mine, fire gas caused by fire, gas explosion and the like seriously threaten the life safety of miners and deteriorate the natural environment, and become one of the key factors restricting the safety production of the coal mine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a treatment process for a coal seam fire area around a coal mine collapse column, which aims to solve the problem of treatment of the fire area around the existing coal mine collapse column.
The invention is realized by the following steps: a treatment process for a fire zone of a coal seam around a coal mine collapse column comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the positions of drilling holes at the periphery of the fire point position and drilling holes, wherein the number of the drilling holes is N, N is an integer larger than 1, measuring data in the holes in the drilling process, and determining the fire area range;
s2, grouting, plugging and crack filling;
and S3, continuously observing.
Preferably, the drilling includes first to nth holes, and the step S1 includes the steps of:
a1, erecting a drilling machine operation platform at a position about 10m away from the ignition point;
a2, drilling a first hole, wherein the drilling machine is vertical to a coal side to open a hole, the horizontal elevation angle is 9-11 degrees, the azimuth angle is 180 degrees, the distance between the open hole position and a roadway bottom plate A is 1.0-2.5 m, the hole diameter is 55mm, and the maximum depth of a single hole is designed to be about 40 m;
a3, measuring data in the hole, and determining whether to continue drilling or stop drilling according to the measured data;
a4, determining the drilling position of the next hole according to the A3 measurement data, and drilling;
a5, repeating the steps A3 and A4, recording the temperature change conditions of points with different depths in the drill hole, and judging the temperature gradient change rule according to the temperature distribution conditions so as to lock the high-temperature point area and the fire area range.
Preferably, in the step a4, if the measurement data of the previous hole is normal and a full-coal drilling hole is revealed, the hole opening position of the next hole moves 5m along the roadway towards the outer side direction of the air roadway a, the horizontal elevation angle is 10-12 degrees, and the maximum drilling depth is 40 m; and repeating the steps A3 and A4, and continuing drilling until the drilling reveals the trapped columns, the high-temperature and the hollow area.
Preferably, in step a4, if the previous drilling measurement data is abnormal and a column, a high-temperature and hollow area is revealed, the position of the next hole opening moves 5m along the roadway towards the inner side of the wind roadway a, the horizontal elevation angle is 9-11 degrees, and the maximum drilling depth is 40 m; and repeating the steps A3 and A4, continuously drilling holes, measuring data in the holes until the Nth hole reveals the full coal drilling hole, and stopping drilling.
Preferably, in step a3, the measured data includes backwater color, backwater temperature, backwater amount change, drilling pressure, speed change and borehole gas emission.
Preferably, step S2 includes the following steps:
b1, arranging a grouting operation point in the A air way;
b2, hole sealing of the drill hole, grouting into the drill hole for sealing and cooling;
b3, spraying slurry to the cracks on the surface of the roadway A to seal and cool;
b4, local wind adjustment.
Preferably, in the step B2, after hole sealing,
aiming at the drill holes which reveal the trapped columns, the high-temperature hole area and the toxic and harmful gas abnormal emission area, cement paste is directly injected after hole sealing to achieve the design final pressure, and then water glass is added to seal the holes tightly;
aiming at the drilling of the area without hole exposure, the stopping agent solution mixed by magnesium chloride and calcium chloride is injected after hole sealing, the design final pressure is reached, and the cement paste and the water glass are used for full-length hole sealing.
Preferably, in the step B3, concrete guniting is adopted to seal within 200m of each of the tunnels of the sections of the collapse column corresponding to the air tunnel a and the air return tunnel, so as to prevent air leakage around the collapse column to supplement oxygen for reburning.
Preferably, in the step B4, one local ventilator is additionally arranged at the inlet of the air tunnel A, the air supply length is 300m, the air outlet of the air duct is near the ignition point or about 10m away from the fire-extinguishing drilling construction position, and the air quantity is required to be capable of effectively diluting the harmful gas and instantly and greatly gushing out, so that the personal safety of operators is guaranteed.
Preferably, the step S3 is implemented as follows: and reserving an observation hole, wherein the observation hole needs to be a drilling hole for exposing the collapse column, a fire extinguishing grouting pipe is arranged in the observation hole, and a thermistor and a lead are arranged in the fire extinguishing grouting pipe.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention aims at spontaneous combustion and ignition of a coal bed caused by negative-pressure air leakage in a cavity area around a collapse column in a wide coal column, and under the condition of unknown fire area range and combustion degree, a fire extinguishing method combining drilling, grouting, covering, blocking, cooling, roadway surface crack blocking (slurry spraying) and local air regulation is adopted for treatment. The technical measures are safe and feasible, the fire prevention and extinguishing parameters are targeted, the economic benefit is obvious, the technical target is clear and reachable, and the method has wide popularization and application values.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the observation hole of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-at the observation hole, 2-fire extinguishing grouting pipe, 3-thermistor, 4-wire.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a treatment process for fire zones of coal seams around a coal mine collapse column, in this embodiment, a certain mine in shanxi changzhi area is taken as an example, and the width of a coal column between an a air way and a main return air way is about 60 m. The section of the air way A is supported by an anchor beam net and an I-shaped steel frame shed, the distance between the anchor net shed and the I-shaped steel frame shed is 900mm, the distance between the I-shaped steel frame shed and the I-shaped steel frame shed is 400mm, the section is tunneled for 14 months, the 9107 air way is tunneled along the bottom plate of the No. 3 coal bed, the No. 3 coal bed is 6.02m in uniform thickness, the direct roof is sandy mudstone and 7.44m in uniform thickness, the old roof is 1m in thickness of fine sandstone, the mudstone is 1.7m in thickness of fine sandstone, the direct bottom is mudstone and the thickness is 2.15 m.
Open fire is found in a crack above the middle part of the I-steel back shed at a position 200m inwards from the opening of the A air tunnel, and then treatment measures such as temperature reduction and the like are taken on the fire-exposed part, and the open fire is controlled. 3 gas drainage holes are designed and arranged at the positions corresponding to the ignition points of the air way A in the main air return way, and then the positions are changed into water drainage holes, and no water can be drained in the later period. When the drain hole was examined, a CO concentration of 1000PPm, a temperature at the orifice of 42 ℃ and a gas at the orifice of 0.3% were observed in one of the holes. The shortest distance between the ignition point of the advancing right side of the A air way and the boundary of the collapse column is 2.3m, and the advanced detection residual drill hole during the tunneling period is visible nearby.
And (3) performing preliminary analysis, forming an air leakage channel by a cavity close to the edge of the collapse column in the coal column and the residual drill hole of the air way A, the anchor rod hole and the water drainage hole of the main return air way, and causing spontaneous combustion of the coal bed near the drill hole at the edge of the collapse column through slow oxidation for more than one year under the action of strong ventilation negative pressure of the main return air way.
In order to ensure the fire extinguishing effect and save the cost, the following fire extinguishing process is adopted:
step S1: and determining the positions of the drill holes at the periphery of the fire point position, drilling, wherein the number of the drill holes is N, N is an integer larger than 1, measuring data in the holes in the drilling process, and determining the range of the fire area. The number and the positions of the drill holes are based on the disclosure of the positions of the collapse columns, the high temperature and the cavity area, and the disclosure of the staggered arrangement of the coal seam roof and the deep and shallow holes is based on the principle.
Firstly, drilling a first hole;
and step A1, selecting a site without barriers and convenient for the operation of the drilling machine to erect a drilling machine operation platform at a position about 10m away from the fire point, preferably at a position about 10m along the inner side of the A air lane at the fire detection point.
And A2, drilling a first hole, drilling a hole perpendicular to the coal side, drilling a horizontal elevation angle of 9-11 degrees and an azimuth angle of 180 degrees, wherein the distance between the position of the hole and the roadway bottom plate A is 1.0-2.5 m, the hole diameter is 55mm, and the maximum depth of a single hole is designed to be about 40 m.
And step A3, measuring the data in the hole, and determining whether to continue or stop drilling according to the drilling technical requirements and the measured data.
Wherein, the technical requirement of single-hole drilling is as follows:
and in the range of single-hole drilling 40m, judging and revealing geological characteristics of the coal bed, the collapse column or the fire area and the cavity area according to the backwater color, backwater temperature, backwater amount change, drilling pressure and speed change and the gas emission condition of the drilled hole.
In the case 1, when drilling a full coal seam, finishing drilling holes with the length of 40m, and stopping drilling;
and 2, exposing the collapse column in the midway, continuing to slowly drill until the depth is 40m and the burst concentration is too high or the temperature is too high according to the gas burst concentration and the temperature in the hole, pausing the drilling, closing a valve, and evacuating personnel to the fresh air flow or the inner side of the air way A.
And 3, exposing the high-temperature area, the fire area, the cavity area and the abnormal toxic and harmful gas emission area midway, immediately stopping drilling, withdrawing the drill pipe or breaking the drill pipe if emergency occurs, closing the valve, and withdrawing personnel to the fresh air flow or the inner side of the air way A.
And under the condition 4 and other abnormal conditions, emergency measures are taken according to specific conditions on the site, so that the construction safety is ensured.
And step A4, determining the drilling position of the next hole according to the A3 measurement data, and drilling.
The drilling rule is as follows: in the step A4, if the measurement data of the previous hole is normal, a full-coal drilling hole is disclosed, the drilling hole is stopped at 40m, the hole opening position of the next hole moves 5m along the air way towards the outer side direction of the air way A, the horizontal elevation angle is 10-12 degrees, and the maximum drilling depth is 40 m; repeating the steps A3 and A4, and continuing drilling until the drilling reveals the trapped columns, high temperature or void regions.
In the step A4, if the measurement data of the previous drilling is abnormal, the previous hole reveals a collapse column, a high-temperature or hollow area, the hole opening position of the next hole moves 5m along the air lane towards the inner side of the air lane A, the horizontal elevation angle is 9-11 degrees, and the maximum drilling depth is 40 m; and repeating the steps A3 and A4, continuously drilling holes, measuring data in the holes until the Nth hole reveals the full coal drilling hole, and stopping drilling.
And A5, repeating the steps A3 and A4, recording the temperature change conditions of points at different depths in the drill hole, and judging the temperature gradient change rule according to the temperature distribution condition so as to lock the high-temperature point region and the fire zone range.
Furthermore, during drilling, clean water is used for washing the coal powder and the rock powder in the whole process; a portable CO detection instrument is arranged in the range of 1m below the leeward side of the drilling hole, and other real-time detection probes and equipment can be arranged at other corresponding positions for ventilation according to related requirements; during drilling, measuring gas components in the hole, return water temperature and hole bottom temperature once every 5-7 m of drilling, and recording the measured values and final hole parameters in a book; after the drill rod is pulled out of the final hole, the gas components and the temperature at the bottom of the hole are measured, then the galvanized iron pipe is inserted, the hole sealing length of the hole is not less than 3m, the hole sealing bag filled with the inorganic flame-retardant expansion hole sealing material is used for realizing quick hole sealing, and the galvanized iron pipe is externally connected with a stop valve for later use. Preferably, an orifice anti-blowout device is installed on each borehole.
Step S2: grouting plugging and crack filling.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
step B1, arranging a grouting operation point in the air lane A; a grouting station is arranged in the air tunnel A, functional areas such as a grouting material storage area, a pulping area, a slurry storage buffer area, a grouting pump station, a communication station and the like are arranged in the grouting station, and the equipment in the subareas is arranged on the upstream side of the air tunnel A. The distance between the grouting station and the coal side fire area is about 50m, a mixer for pressing water glass is used in parallel, so that the mixed liquid of the water glass and the cement paste is mixed at an orifice, the water glass grouting station is arranged in the range of 20m near the orifice, and a small pneumatic grouting pump is used.
And step B2, hole sealing of the drill hole, grouting and sealing the drill hole and cooling. After hole sealing, aiming at the drill holes which reveal the trapped columns, the high-temperature cavity area and the toxic and harmful gas abnormal emission area, cement paste is directly injected after hole sealing to achieve design final pressure, and then water glass is added to seal the holes compactly;
aiming at the drilling of the area without hole exposure, injecting a stopping agent solution mixed by magnesium chloride and calcium chloride after hole sealing to achieve the design final pressure, and sealing the hole in the full length by mixing cement paste and water glass; if necessary, the drilling can be supplemented in the fire area range, and grouting and plugging can be carried out.
B3, spraying slurry to the cracks on the surfaces of the roadway A and the main return airway for plugging and cooling; and in the range of 200m of each of the tunnels of the sections of the collapse columns corresponding to the air tunnel A and the main air return tunnel, concrete guniting is adopted for sealing, so that air leakage to the periphery of the collapse columns is prevented from supplementing oxygen and reburning.
The grouting material comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
cement paste: 5:1 of cement; preferably, the water/mud ratio can be adjusted as desired to be water: cement is 5: 2-3;
the modulus of the water glass used for grouting is 2.4-3.0, the concentration (baume degree) is 30-40 Be', and when cement paste and water glass are mixed, the proportion of the water glass is 3-5% of the weight of the cement;
stopping agent: magnesium chloride: calcium chloride 1:3 (weight ratio); (magnesium chloride + calcium chloride): and (3) water accounts for (13-15) and 100 (weight ratio).
And step B4, local wind adjustment.
The implementation mode is as follows: a local ventilator is additionally arranged at the inlet of the air tunnel A, the air supply length is 300m, the air outlet of the air duct is near the ignition point or about 10m away from the fire-extinguishing drilling construction position, and the air quantity is required to be capable of effectively diluting harmful gas and instantly gush out in a large quantity, so that the personal safety of operators is guaranteed.
Step S3: and (5) continuously observing.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: an observation hole is reserved, the observation hole needs to be a drilled hole for exposing a collapse column, a fire extinguishing grouting pipe 2 is arranged in the observation hole 1, and a thermistor 3 and a lead 4 are arranged in the fire extinguishing grouting pipe 2.
The observation hole temperature measurement mode is as follows:
1. when each observation hole is observed for the first time, continuously measuring for 3 times, wherein the error is not more than 1 ℃; when the error of the continuous measurement of 3 times exceeds the limit, the observation is repeated for 3 times until the standard is reached.
2. The depth measurement hole must measure the depth position of the high temperature in the hole and use the position as the depth of the periodic observation. At this depth, a probe or thermometer must be placed for each temperature measurement (a thermocouple may be run in the borehole).
3. The abnormal temperature must be continuously measured 3 times.
4. And after the construction is finished, continuously observing for 30 days, keeping the target value unchanged, namely realizing the fire extinguishing target, and repeatedly carrying out fire extinguishing treatment if the target value is changed.
The observation hole can measure temperature and collect gas sample at the same time, and measures must be taken immediately for timely treatment when the fire area is not tightly sealed or abnormal conditions are found. After grouting, the effect inspection hole can be used as an observation hole. And (4) exposing a sunken column from a final hole of the observation hole, and sealing the hole without grouting.
The invention can completely extinguish the ignition point of the air way A, ensures the safe and normal tunneling of the air way A, provides a scientific, reasonable, safe, efficient, economic and cheap prevention and control method for the treatment of fire areas under similar geological conditions, eliminates the potential safety hazard of spontaneous combustion heating, and provides technical support for the safe production of coal mines.
The invention aims at spontaneous combustion and ignition of a coal bed caused by negative pressure air leakage in a cavity area around a collapse column in a wide coal column, and under the condition of unknown fire area range and combustion degree, a fire extinguishing method combining drilling, grouting, covering, blocking, cooling, roadway surface crack blocking (grouting) and local air regulation is adopted for treatment. The following steps are achieved: filling holes in the coal pillars and reinforcing loose coal rock masses; eliminating high temperature points in the coal pillar to reach normal environmental temperature; the concentration of CO and other poisonous and harmful gases is reduced below the specified concentration of the regulations, and the fourth step of continuously observing for 30 days and maintaining the target value, namely the goal of realizing the fire extinguishing technology. The technical measures are safe and feasible, the fire prevention and extinguishing parameters are targeted, the economic benefit is obvious, the technical target is clear and reachable, and the method has wide popularization and application values.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A treatment process for a fire zone of a coal seam around a coal mine collapse column is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the positions of drilling holes in an A air way or a total return air way around the position of the fire point, drilling holes, wherein the number of the drilling holes is N, N is an integer larger than 1, measuring data in the holes in the drilling process, and determining the range of the fire area;
s2, grouting, plugging and crack filling;
s3, continuously observing;
the drilling includes first to nth holes, and in step S1, the method includes the steps of:
a1, erecting a drilling machine operation platform at a position 10m away from the ignition point;
a2, drilling a first hole, wherein the drilling machine is vertical to the coal side to open a hole, the horizontal elevation angle of the drilled hole is 9-11 degrees, the azimuth angle is 180 degrees, the distance between the open hole position and the roadway bottom plate A is 1.0-2.5 m, the aperture is 55mm, and the maximum depth of a single hole is designed to be 40 m;
a3, measuring data in the hole, and determining whether to continue drilling or stop drilling according to the measured data;
a4, determining the drilling position of the next hole according to the A3 measurement data, and drilling;
a5, repeating the steps A3 and A4, recording temperature change conditions of points at different depths in the drill hole, judging a temperature gradient change rule according to the temperature distribution condition, and further locking a high-temperature point area and a fire area range;
in the step A4, if the measurement data of the previous hole is normal and full coal drilling is disclosed, the hole opening position of the next hole moves 5m along the air lane towards the outer side direction of the air lane A, the horizontal elevation angle is 10-12 degrees, and the maximum drilling depth is 40 m; and repeating the steps A3 and A4, and continuing drilling until the drilling reveals the trapped columns, the high-temperature and the hollow area.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein in step a4, if the measured data of the previous drilling is abnormal and the sunk pillar, the high temperature and cavity area are revealed, the position of the next hole opening is moved 5m along the A air way along the inner side direction, the horizontal elevation angle is 9-11 degrees, and the maximum drilling depth is 40 m; and repeating the steps A3 and A4, continuously drilling holes, measuring data in the holes until the Nth hole reveals the full coal drilling hole, and stopping drilling.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein in step A3, the measured data includes backwater color, backwater temperature, backwater volume change, drilling pressure, speed change and borehole gas emission.
4. The treatment process for the fire zone of the coal seam around the coal mine trapping column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 comprises the following steps:
b1, arranging a grouting operation point in the A air way;
b2, hole sealing of the drill hole, grouting into the drill hole for sealing and cooling;
b3, spraying slurry to the cracks on the surfaces of the roadway A and the main return airway for plugging and cooling;
b4, local wind adjustment.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein in step B2, after hole sealing,
aiming at the drill holes which reveal the trapped columns, the high-temperature hole area and the toxic and harmful gas abnormal emission area, cement paste is directly injected after hole sealing to achieve the design final pressure, and then water glass is added to seal the holes tightly;
aiming at the drilling of the area without hole exposure, the stopping agent solution mixed by magnesium chloride and calcium chloride is injected after hole sealing, the design final pressure is reached, and the cement paste and the water glass are used for full-length hole sealing.
6. The process of claim 4, wherein in step B3, concrete guniting is used to seal the tunnel A and the tunnel main return airway within 200m of each tunnel of the corresponding sinking column section to prevent air leakage around the sinking column from supplementing oxygen and reburning.
7. The process of claim 4, wherein in step B4, a local ventilator is added at the entrance of the air tunnel A, the air supply length is 300m, the air outlet of the air duct is near the ignition point or 10m from the fire-extinguishing drilling construction, and the air quantity is required to be capable of effectively diluting the harmful gas and instantly gush out in large quantity, so as to ensure the personal safety of the operators.
8. The treatment process for the fire zone of the coal seam around the coal mine trapping column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the implementation manner of the step S3 is as follows: and reserving an observation hole, wherein the observation hole needs to be a drilling hole for exposing the collapse column, a fire extinguishing grouting pipe is arranged in the observation hole, and a thermistor and a lead are arranged in the fire extinguishing grouting pipe.
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CN114352341A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-04-15 | 中煤地华盛水文地质勘察有限公司 | Coal seam fire area treatment method |
CN115234282B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-06-06 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Accurate curtain blocking and fire preventing and extinguishing method for disturbance lateral air leakage of thick coal seam layered mining |
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