CN114251115A - Replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fire disaster under open-pit mine railway - Google Patents
Replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fire disaster under open-pit mine railway Download PDFInfo
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- CN114251115A CN114251115A CN202111473023.0A CN202111473023A CN114251115A CN 114251115 A CN114251115 A CN 114251115A CN 202111473023 A CN202111473023 A CN 202111473023A CN 114251115 A CN114251115 A CN 114251115A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/06—Fluids used for spraying
Abstract
The invention discloses a replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fire disaster under an open-pit mine railway, which comprises the following steps: determining a target area where fire occurs or fire danger exists; carrying out depth reduction operation on the side face of the railway corresponding to the target area; drilling a target area on the operation surface, and drilling by a drilling machine by adopting a wet method until the drilling depth reaches the target area; injecting a flame-retardant material into the drill hole by using a grouting machine for filling; backfilling to the ground surface height to realize complete sealing. The method can directly take out part of the combustible materials and directly reach the deep part of the fire disaster, thoroughly eliminates the fire disaster in the deep part under the railway line of the open-pit mine from the source, protects the atmospheric environment of the pit, and simultaneously recovers the combustible materials to create economic benefit. The area under the roadbed is not damaged, and the stability and the operation of the railway are not influenced. The application range is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire prevention and extinguishment of surface mines, in particular to a replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fire disaster under a surface mine railway.
Background
With open mines transported by rail, rock masses with potential natural fire risks may be present in deep areas below the transport system. Along with the weathering and cracking of the rock surface, the rock fractures are permeated with oxygen, and if the rock fractures meet the spontaneous ignition period, the lower part of the transportation system has the risk of spontaneous ignition. If the prevention or the timely control cannot be effectively realized, the harm is great: firstly, after the rock mass is combusted, the rich solid carbon is converted into gaseous oxide, so that the volume of the rock mass is lost, the loss can cause the overlying rock mass to be suspended or generate cracks and fractures, the strength of the rock mass is reduced, and the free surface of the side slope can be collapsed or even landslide; secondly, the spontaneous combustion rock mass releases heat to influence the surrounding rock mass, and the change of temperature can have certain influence on the physical and mechanical properties of the rock mass, so that the mechanical strength of the rock mass is generally reduced. The weakened rock mass can be broken and deformed under the action of external force, so that the overlying rock layer can be moved, the integral stability of the side slope is influenced, and potential threats are caused to the driving safety.
In the prior art, aiming at the method adopted by fire disaster treatment in a deep area under a railway line of an open-pit mine, firstly, the moving railway is deeply dug and backfilled, but the engineering quantity is huge, the time consumption is long, a plurality of related departments are involved, and the investment cost is high; and secondly, directly watering and burying the upper part with water aiming at the ignition area. The water pouring method comprises the following steps: watering the crack from the ground surface to extinguish the fire source; the burying method comprises the following steps: the method of combining yellow mud grouting and clay sealing is adopted, so that oxygen is isolated from a fire source, and the purpose of fire extinguishment is achieved. For the fire disaster in the deep region, the two methods are difficult to reach the deep part directly, the fire source cannot be thoroughly cleared, and the fire region is easy to spread to other directions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fires under a railway of an open-pit mine, and the method is used for solving the problems in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fires under open-pit mine railways is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a target area where a fire condition occurs or a fire danger hidden danger exists;
s2, performing a depth reducing operation on the railway side surface corresponding to the target area, and excavating the operation surface to the depth of the target area;
s3, drilling a hole in the operation surface to a target area, and drilling the hole by a drilling machine by a wet method until the drilling depth reaches the target area; in the drilling process, water is fed into the drill bit while drilling to wash rock powder and simultaneously cool the drill bit, rock mass in the hidden danger area overflows along with the inward drilling of the drill bit, and the taken hidden danger rock mass powder is recycled;
s4, repeating S3 until the number of drilled holes meets the requirement;
s5, injecting flame-retardant materials into the drill hole by using a grouting machine for filling;
and S6, backfilling the working surface to the ground surface height after the equipment is removed, and realizing complete sealing.
Further: the holes are distributed in a plum blossom shape, and the hole distance is 3-5 m.
Further: when the depth lowering operation is carried out, the gradient of the depth lowering area is 8 percent; the width is 1.2 times of the length of the drill rod, the width of the drilling machine and the sum of the safety distances of the two sides; the drill holes are distributed in a plum blossom shape.
Further: the flame-retardant material comprises a discarded material, fly ash and cement paste; the volume ratio of the grouting preparation is: water: cement = 1: 2: 0.3.
further: the safe distance between the two sides is 3m respectively.
Further: during backfilling, the rock mass produced by previous depth reduction is backfilled layer by layer from bottom to top according to the occurrence sequence of rock strata.
Further: the cleaning depth is from the upper part of the target area to 2 meters below the target area.
The invention has the advantages that: according to the method, the side wall spiral drilling is utilized, so that part of combustible materials can be directly taken out and directly reach the deep part of the fire disaster, the fire disaster in the deep part under the railway line of the open-pit mine can be thoroughly eliminated from the source, the atmospheric environment of the pit is protected, meanwhile, the combustible materials are recycled, and economic benefits are created. The area under the roadbed is not damaged, and the stability and the operation of the railway are not influenced. The method can be used for treating hidden dangers of oxygen permeation and natural ignition in deep regions under railway transportation systems, and has reference function for treating hidden dangers of oxygen permeation and natural ignition in deep regions in other regions which cannot be moved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hidden surface of the present invention prior to fire suppression;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a drilling location of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the drilling profile of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction surface of the present invention after fire extinguishing.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fire disaster under an open-pit mine railway, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a target area where a fire condition occurs or a fire danger hidden danger exists;
s2, digging and reducing to form a passage at the side part outside the railway safety distance corresponding to the target area, digging the working face to the depth of the target area to expose the rock mass or the target area with potential natural ignition risk as shown in figure 1;
s3, drilling a target area on the operation surface, as shown in figure 2, spirally drilling the hidden danger rock mass exposed out of the lower part of the railway transportation system from the side part in a plum blossom-shaped layout, and drilling by a drilling machine in a wet method until the drilling depth reaches the target area; in the drilling process, water is fed into the drill bit while drilling to wash rock powder and simultaneously cool the drill bit, rock mass in the hidden danger area overflows along with the inward drilling of the drill bit, and the taken hidden danger rock mass powder is recycled;
s4, repeating S3 until the number of drilled holes meets the requirement, and covering the target area;
s5, injecting flame-retardant materials into the drill hole by using a grouting machine for filling;
and S6, backfilling the working surface to the ground surface height after the equipment is removed, and as shown in figure 4, completely sealing the working surface and completely isolating air, thereby fundamentally achieving the purpose of fire extinguishing.
Preferably: the holes are distributed in a plum blossom shape as shown in figure 3, and the hole distance is 3-5 m.
Preferably: when the depth lowering operation is carried out, the gradient of the depth lowering area is 8 percent; the width is 1.2 times of the length of the drill rod, the width of the drilling machine and the sum of the safety distances of the two sides; the drill holes are distributed in a plum blossom shape.
Preferably: the flame-retardant material comprises a discarded material, fly ash and cement paste; the volume ratio of the grouting preparation is: water: cement = 1: 2: 0.3.
preferably: the safe distance between the two sides is 3m respectively.
Preferably: during backfilling, the rock mass produced by previous depth reduction is backfilled layer by layer from bottom to top according to the occurrence sequence of rock strata.
Preferably: the cleaning depth is 2 meters from the upper part of the target area to the lower part of the target area, and the two sides are the boundaries of the target area or 1 meter of the boundary extension respectively.
Preferably: and gradually reducing the depth according to the drilling area. Namely, after the drilling area of the uppermost layer is deepened, drilling and grouting are carried out, and then the drilling area is deepened to the next layer.
Examples
The method comprises the steps of monitoring the lower part of a railway, carrying out geological survey on a natural ignition area after the hidden danger of natural ignition is found, and drawing a geological plan and a profile map. And establishing an engineering geology simplified model according to engineering geology and hydrogeology conditions, judging the geological condition of the hidden danger area, and confirming the lithology of the fire area. The method comprises the steps of determining physical and mechanical indexes of rock and soil mass according to previous geological data, and determining a natural ignition mechanism and cleaning depth according to occurrence states of the rock mass, wherein the cleaning depth is generally from the upper part of a target area to the lower part of the target area by 2 meters, and the two sides of the target area are boundaries of the target area or boundaries extending by 1 meter respectively. And determining the position of the deep area at the side part of the railway by combining the research results, and designing a treatment scheme.
When the field treatment is carried out, the gradient of the depth-reducing area is 8%; the width is 1.2 times of the length of the drill rod, the width of the drilling machine and the sum of the safety distances (3 m respectively) at two sides; the drill holes are distributed in a plum blossom shape; the hole pitch and the row pitch are determined according to lithology, and by taking the diameter of a drill hole as 600mm as an example, the hole pitch with the rock hardness larger than V is 5m, and the hole pitch with the rock hardness smaller than or equal to V is 3 m. The drilling angle is 3-8 degrees. And filling a flame retardant into the drill hole, wherein the flame retardant commonly comprises a waste material, fly ash, cement paste and the like, and the grouting preparation proportion is that the waste material or the fly ash: water: cement = 1: 2: 0.3 (volume ratio). After the design of the treatment scheme is finished, a Morgenstrin-Price (Morgenstetan-Puruis) method is used for analyzing and evaluating the stability of the scheme side slope, and the design is repeatedly adjusted according to the technical parameter requirements of open-pit coal mine engineering design Specification (GB. 50194-94) and DZ/T0218-2006 landslide prevention and control engineering survey Specification, so that the scheme side slope meets the technical standard. And finally, making comprehensive slope prevention and control measures and preparing before start-up.
According to the engineering quantity and the technical appearance of the depth-reducing area, mechanical equipment meeting construction conditions is selected, and the mechanical equipment comprises a large-aperture drilling machine, a trencher, a grouting machine, a transport vehicle and the like. Arranging equipment to enter a field, and arranging engineering machinery to perform depth reduction according to the design gradient after each equipment reaches a construction site until the hidden danger rock mass is exposed at the design depth. The covering rock mass mined in the depth lowering process is reasonably discarded and stacked according to the types of rock strata, so that the covering rock mass can be conveniently backfilled according to the occurrence level of the rock strata in the later period. Arranging drill holes on the exposed hidden danger rock mass in a plum blossom shape, arranging a drilling machine to drill by a wet method after designing the hole opening diameter and the hole opening angle, flushing rock powder while feeding water to the drill bit while cooling the drill bit, enabling the hidden danger rock mass to overflow along with the inward drilling of the drill bit, lifting the drill rod and the drill bit to return after the depth reaches the design requirement, recovering the taken hidden danger rock mass powder, and carrying out centralized loading and transportation. And arranging a grouting machine to fill the flame-retardant material into the drill hole. And after all the drill holes are filled, backfilling the rock mass extracted by the previous depth reduction layer by layer from bottom to top according to the occurrence sequence of rock strata, and finally backfilling to the height of the ground surface to realize complete sealing and complete air isolation so as to fulfill the aim of fire extinguishing fundamentally.
Compared with the prior common use method, the invention is a novel treatment method, can thoroughly eliminate the hidden danger of natural ignition, simultaneously protect the atmospheric environment of the mine pit, protect the slope stability, ensure the normal operation of the upper railway transportation system, and has the advantages of less investment, quick response and lasting effect. The method has the advantages that the railway is not required to be moved, the engineering quantity and the invested capital are reduced, railway related departments are not involved, and the consumed time is relatively short. Secondly, the treatment can directly reach the deep part of the fire disaster, thoroughly eliminates the fire source from the root, blocks the fire area from spreading to other directions, and simultaneously recovers combustible materials to create economic benefit. And thirdly, the invention is a depression type angle drilling hole, grout is injected into the drilling hole by light pressure of the grouting machine, the grout flows downwards at an inclination angle under the action of gravity, and compared with high-pressure grouting of a horizontal hole, the invention reduces energy consumption. Compared with the underground high-position drilling grouting fire extinguishing method, the method is open construction, and the danger of toxic and harmful gases such as CO generated by incomplete combustion of combustible materials to operating personnel is avoided.
Claims (7)
1. A replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fires under open-pit mine railways is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a target area where a fire condition occurs or a fire danger hidden danger exists;
s2, performing a depth reducing operation on the railway side surface corresponding to the target area, and excavating the operation surface to the depth of the target area;
s3, drilling a hole in the operation surface to a target area, and drilling the hole by a drilling machine by a wet method until the drilling depth reaches the target area; in the drilling process, water is fed into the drill bit while drilling to wash rock powder and simultaneously cool the drill bit, rock mass in the hidden danger area overflows along with the inward drilling of the drill bit, and the taken hidden danger rock mass powder is recycled;
s4, repeating S3 until the number of drilled holes meets the requirement;
s5, injecting flame-retardant materials into the drill hole by using a grouting machine for filling;
and S6, backfilling the working surface to the ground surface height after the equipment is removed, and realizing complete sealing.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the holes are distributed in a plum blossom shape, and the hole distance is 3-5 m.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: when the depth lowering operation is carried out, the gradient of the depth lowering area is 8 percent; the width is 1.2 times of the length of the drill rod, the width of the drilling machine and the sum of the safety distances of the two sides; the drill holes are distributed in a plum blossom shape.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the flame-retardant material comprises a discarded material, fly ash and cement paste; the volume ratio of the grouting preparation is: water: cement = 1: 2: 0.3.
5. the method of claim 3, wherein: the safe distance between the two sides is 3m respectively.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: during backfilling, the rock mass produced by previous depth reduction is backfilled layer by layer from bottom to top according to the occurrence sequence of rock strata.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the drilling range is from the upper part of the target area to the lower part of the target area by 2 meters.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111473023.0A CN114251115A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fire disaster under open-pit mine railway |
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| CN202111473023.0A CN114251115A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Replacement grouting fire extinguishing method suitable for deep fire disaster under open-pit mine railway |
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Citations (5)
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| CN110095002A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-08-06 | 北京中矿赛力贝特节能科技有限公司 | A kind of gangue deep heat-tranferring system based on heat pipe heat exchanging technology |
| CN211008732U (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-07-14 | 贵州盘江精煤股份有限公司 | Device for preventing spontaneous combustion of goaf in coal mine |
| CN112377237A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-19 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Fully-surrounding fire extinguishing treatment method for smoldering fire area of coal gangue yard |
| CN112546487A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 石家庄国盛矿业科技有限公司 | Treatment process for fire zone of coal seam around coal mine collapse column |
| CN112870584A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-01 | 山西大学 | Method for extinguishing fire and preventing reburning of coal-based solid waste in coal gangue dump |
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2021
- 2021-12-06 CN CN202111473023.0A patent/CN114251115A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110095002A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-08-06 | 北京中矿赛力贝特节能科技有限公司 | A kind of gangue deep heat-tranferring system based on heat pipe heat exchanging technology |
| CN211008732U (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-07-14 | 贵州盘江精煤股份有限公司 | Device for preventing spontaneous combustion of goaf in coal mine |
| CN112377237A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-19 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Fully-surrounding fire extinguishing treatment method for smoldering fire area of coal gangue yard |
| CN112546487A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 石家庄国盛矿业科技有限公司 | Treatment process for fire zone of coal seam around coal mine collapse column |
| CN112870584A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-01 | 山西大学 | Method for extinguishing fire and preventing reburning of coal-based solid waste in coal gangue dump |
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