CN113863984B - Method for preventing and controlling air leakage in exploitation of extremely-close coal seam group - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling air leakage in exploitation of extremely-close coal seam group Download PDFInfo
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- CN113863984B CN113863984B CN202111274945.9A CN202111274945A CN113863984B CN 113863984 B CN113863984 B CN 113863984B CN 202111274945 A CN202111274945 A CN 202111274945A CN 113863984 B CN113863984 B CN 113863984B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000353135 Psenopsis anomala Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000035480 Ring chromosome 8 syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling air leakage in the exploitation of a very close coal seam group, belonging to the field of coal mine fire prevention and control; the method for preventing and controlling the air leakage in the exploitation of the extremely-short distance coal seam group comprises the following steps: s10, adopting a U-shaped shed for supporting, carrying out full-section grouting on the roadway, S20, carrying out shallow hole grouting on the roadway to form a cement sealing ring for plugging air leakage, and S30, carrying out deep hole grouting filling on a key section of the air leakage of the roadway; the tunnel cracks are reduced through primary plugging by full-section grouting, secondary plugging and air leakage of the cement sealing ring are formed through shallow hole grouting, and the key area of air leakage is blocked through tertiary plugging by deep hole grouting. The method can effectively prevent and treat the air leakage of the stoping roadway under the extremely-close coal seam goaf.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine fire prevention and control, and particularly relates to an extremely-short-distance coal seam group mining air leakage prevention and control method.
Background
Along with the continuous development of the current technology, in recent years, a plurality of mining areas are gradually mining close coal beds, due to different occurrence conditions, the coal bed intervals of different coal fields are different, when the coal bed intervals are larger, the mined upper coal bed has smaller influence on the lower coal bed, when the coal bed intervals are closer, the mined upper coal bed has larger influence on the lower coal bed, a large number of cracks are easily formed between a lower roadway and an overlying goaf, the roadway leaks air to the sealed goaf, a coal-missing spontaneous combustion dangerous area is formed, and the coal mining safety is seriously threatened.
Patent CN201910531717.1 mentions a goaf slight shock plugging and collapse treatment method, wherein a blasting point is arranged on a ground surface fracture zone, a plugging agent is added, pressurized water is injected after detonation, and the plugging agent is foamed and plugged when meeting water. Patent CN201710049272.4 mentions a goaf air leakage control method in the shallow-buried near-distance coal seam exploitation process, which comprises the technology of surface air leakage crack blocking, underground air leakage channel detection and blocking and the like. The above patent mentions a method for preventing and controlling air leakage in a goaf of a shallow buried coal seam.
Patent CN202010658257.1 mentions a goaf air leakage prevention method for a thin coal seam N00 mining method, a movable telescopic air barrier is arranged on one side of a working face of the goaf, and a spraying layer is formed on the side of a retaining roadway of the goaf, which is positioned in the air inlet roadway and the return air roadway. Patent CN201711194156.8 mentions a roof-cutting gob-side entry retaining staged air leakage prevention method, and an air duct cloth is hung between a goaf metal net and a lane side U-shaped steel in the initial stage of gob-side entry retaining; spraying a concrete spraying layer of 30mm on the surfaces of the U-shaped steel and the air duct cloth in the middle and later stages of gob-side entry retaining; after the goaf is completely stable, foaming plugging materials are injected into the goaf through grouting drilling holes, and the density of grouting drilling holes is increased in the area with serious cracking or air leakage of the spraying layer. The method refers to the prevention and treatment of air leakage in the roadway and the same coal seam mining area.
In the process of mining the extremely near coal seam, a large number of cracks are easy to form between the roadway and the overlying goaf due to small coal seam spacing, and air leakage is serious, so that no specific method exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for preventing and controlling the air leakage in the exploitation of the extremely-short-distance coal seam group, which can effectively reduce the air leakage cracks of the roadway and the overlying goaf in the exploitation process of the extremely-short-distance coal seam, reduce the spontaneous combustion risk of coal and ensure the safe stoping of the coal seam.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a method for preventing and controlling air leakage in exploitation of a very close coal seam group comprises the following steps:
s10, adopting a U-shaped shed support for the roadway, and implementing full-section guniting on the roadway;
s20, shallow hole grouting is carried out on the roadway to form a cement sealing ring for blocking air leakage;
s30, deep hole grouting filling is carried out on the tunnel air leakage key section.
Further, in the step S10, the over-excavated part of the tunnel needs to be filled for the local section of the over-excavated part of the U-shaped canopy leg, and then the over-excavated part is sprayed with slurry; firstly removing the pull bar from the section of the detachable pull bar, and then spraying slurry; and in the section of the non-detachable brace, the brace is required to be fully covered during guniting, so that no cavity is formed at the brace of the U-shaped shed.
Further, the ratio (mass ratio) of the gunite is: and (3) cement: yellow sand: melon seed piece=1: 2:2, the water-cement ratio is 1:0.4 to 0.5.
Further, the cement is PO32.5 grade ordinary Portland cement, the yellow sand is medium coarse sand, and the particle size of melon seed pieces is 5-10 mm;
further, an accelerator is added into the slurry, and the addition amount of the accelerator is 5% of the weight of the cement. The accelerator must be mixed with the spray and must not be mixed into the material in advance.
Further, in S20, the tunnel is drilled with a set hole at intervals of a set distance to perform shallow hole grouting, and a cement sealing ring is formed between the tunnel slurry shell and the top wall coal rock after the grouting is solidified.
Further, the cement paste has a water cement ratio of 1:0.7 to 1.0.
Further, in S30, a plurality of long holes are uniformly formed in the roof in the roadway along the machine air roadway gate way in the air leakage key section, the long holes are communicated with the overlying goaf, and grouting is performed by adopting a grouting anchor rod.
Further, pouring a high polymer plugging sealing material into the overlying goaf through the long drill hole;
furthermore, the plugging sealing material needs to meet the requirements of flame retardance, static resistance, safety and environmental protection, and the diffusion radius in the goaf needs to be larger than 20m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the air leakage cracks of the roadway and the overlying goaf in the process of mining the extremely near coal seam can be effectively reduced, the spontaneous combustion risk of coal is reduced, and the safe stoping of the coal seam is ensured; the method is simple to operate, high in practicability and reliability, can be popularized and used in the extremely-short-distance coal seam exploitation process, and has a wide application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the prevention and treatment of air leakage in a roadway under a goaf of a very close coal seam.
Roadway-1; formation-2; covering a goaf-3; long drilling holes-4; a tunnel air leakage key section-5; a blocking layer-6; mining-7 in a coal mine opening area; cement sealing ring-8; short bore 9.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for preventing and controlling the air leakage in the exploitation of the extremely-short distance coal seam group comprises the following specific steps:
s10: the tunnel is supported by a U-shaped shed, and full-section guniting is implemented on the tunnel;
setting a roadway 1 in a coal mine mining area 7, supporting the roadway 1 by adopting a U-shaped shed, overexcavating local sections at shed legs, cutting diamond-shaped nets between the U-shaped sheds, filling the overexcavated positions of the roadway 1, and then spraying slurry at the overexcavated positions;
firstly removing the pull bar from the section of the detachable pull bar, and then spraying slurry; in the section of the non-detachable brace, the brace is required to be fully covered during spraying, so that no cavity is formed at the brace of the U-shaped shed;
timely spraying slurry along with tunneling, and uniformly distributing slurry on the full section of the tunnel; the method comprises the following steps: the spraying delay head of the part below the U-shaped shed clamping cable at one side of the roadway track is not more than 20m, and the spraying delay head of the other parts is not more than 9m; if the leading piece of the head-on top plate leaks or the gas is abnormal, the guniting work must follow the head-on; the stop time exceeds 48 hours, and the guniting work must follow the head-on;
the bottom plate is cut when spraying the slurry, and the distance between the surface of the slurry sprayed and the inner edge of the U-shaped shed is more than or equal to 50mm.
The thickness of the spraying slurry is standard to ensure that the air tightness of the upper and the top is perfect and no slurry leakage phenomenon occurs during later grouting; the proportion (mass ratio) of the spraying material is as follows: and (3) cement: yellow sand: melon seed piece=1: 2:2, the water-cement ratio is 1:0.4 to 0.5; the mud is PO32.5 grade ordinary Portland cement, the yellow sand is medium coarse sand, and the particle size of melon seed pieces is 5-10 mm; the accelerator is added into the slurry, and the addition amount of the accelerator is 5 percent of the weight of the cement. The accelerator must be mixed with the spray and must not be mixed into the material in advance.
S20: shallow hole grouting is carried out on the roadway to form a cement sealing ring 8 for blocking air leakage;
the roadway 1 is uniformly provided with three short drilling holes 9 for shallow hole grouting, namely one short drilling hole 9 in the center line of a top plate and one short drilling hole 9 in each shoulder nest (positioned below a U-shaped shed clamping cable); grouting is carried out by adopting a grouting anchor rod, and a pipe orifice is subjected to sealing treatment before grouting is carried out after grouting anchor rod construction is finished; the grouting equipment adopts a hydraulic grouting pump for coal mines, grouting materials adopt single-liquid cement slurry, the cement adopts PC 32.5-level composite Portland cement, and the water-cement ratio is 1:0.7 to 1.0; the filling slurry is continuously injected into the drilling hole until the filling slurry cannot be injected.
S30: deep hole grouting filling is carried out on the tunnel air leakage key section;
carrying out deep hole grouting filling measures in air leakage key areas such as a tunnel fault zone, an interlayer missing zone, a stress superposition zone, an overlying goaf coal-missing zone and the like;
the key section of air leakage is uniformly provided with a plurality of long drill holes 4 for construction along the machine air channel gate way in the top plate in the channel, and the long drill holes 4 must enter the overlying goaf 3; grouting is carried out by adopting a grouting anchor rod, and the length of the grouting anchor rod within the influence range of the retraction line is determined according to the interlayer spacing.
The goaf 3 is covered upwards by the long drill hole 4, and the polymer plugging sealing material has the advantages of more than 15 times of foaming multiple, no heat release, low initial viscosity, diffusion radius of more than 20m in the goaf environment, incombustible material, static resistance and compressive strength of more than 0.1MPa.
Working principle:
the roadway 1 is supported by a U-shaped shed, full-section guniting is carried out on the roadway 1, and a plugging layer 6 is formed after slurry is solidified; shallow hole grouting is carried out on the roadway through the short drilling holes 9 so as to form cement sealing rings 8 for blocking air leakage; and constructing a long drilling hole 4 penetrating through the rock stratum 2 and entering the overlying goaf 3, and performing deep hole grouting filling on a tunnel air leakage key section 5.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method for preventing and controlling the air leakage in the exploitation of the extremely-short-distance coal seam group is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, adopting a U-shaped shed support for the roadway, and implementing full-section guniting on the roadway;
s20, shallow hole grouting is carried out on the roadway to form a cement sealing ring for blocking air leakage;
s30, deep hole grouting filling is carried out on the tunnel air leakage key section;
in S20, the roadway is drilled with shallow hole grouting holes at intervals of a set distance, after the grouting liquid is solidified, a cement sealing ring is formed between the roadway slurry shell and the top wall coal rock, and the cement slurry has a water cement ratio of 1:0.7 to 1.0;
in S30, a plurality of long drilling holes are uniformly formed in the top plate in the roadway along the machine air roadway gate way in the air leakage key section, the long drilling holes are communicated with the overlying goaf, and grouting is carried out by adopting a grouting anchor rod.
2. The method for preventing and controlling air leakage in mining of a very close range coal seam group according to claim 1, wherein in S10, the partial section of the overdoo of the U-shaped shed leg is required to fill the overdoo of the roadway, and then the overdoo is sprayed with slurry; firstly removing the pull bar from the section of the detachable pull bar, and then spraying slurry; and in the section of the non-detachable brace, the brace is required to be fully covered during guniting, so that no cavity is formed at the brace of the U-shaped shed.
3. The method for preventing and controlling air leakage in the exploitation of the very close coal seam group according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the spraying slurry is as follows: and (3) cement: yellow sand: melon seed piece=1: 2:2, the water-cement ratio is 1:0.4 to 0.5.
4. The method for preventing and controlling air leakage in exploitation of a very close range coal seam group according to claim 3, wherein the cement is PO32.5 grade ordinary Portland cement, the yellow sand is medium coarse sand, and the particle size of melon seed pieces is 5-10 mm;
the accelerator is added into the slurry, the addition amount of the accelerator is 5% of the weight of cement, and the accelerator must be added along with spraying and can not be added into the material in advance.
5. The method for preventing and controlling air leakage in the exploitation of a very close coal seam group according to claim 1, wherein the high polymer plugging sealing material is poured into the overlying goaf through the long drill hole;
the plugging sealing material needs to meet the requirements of flame retardance, static resistance, safety and environmental protection, and the diffusion radius in the goaf needs to be larger than 20m.
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