CN112544299A - Intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse - Google Patents
Intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN112544299A CN112544299A CN202011415703.2A CN202011415703A CN112544299A CN 112544299 A CN112544299 A CN 112544299A CN 202011415703 A CN202011415703 A CN 202011415703A CN 112544299 A CN112544299 A CN 112544299A
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- thermal decomposition
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/18—Greenhouses for treating plants with carbon dioxide or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
- A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse, which comprises a greenhouse body, automatic induction detection equipment, a spraying device, a carbon dioxide generator, a regulating system and a central controller, wherein the automatic induction detection equipment is arranged on the greenhouse body; the greenhouse body comprises a rear wall, side walls and a greenhouse top; the outer side of the greenhouse body is provided with a reservoir, a pesticide pool and a fertilizer pool; the automatic sensing detection equipment comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a soil moisture content sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor and a high-definition camera; the spraying device is arranged on the shed roof and is respectively communicated with the water storage pool, the pesticide pool and the fertilizer pool; the carbon dioxide generator is arranged inside the greenhouse body; the adjusting system is fixed on the rear wall; the input end of the central controller is connected with the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil moisture content sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor and the output end of the high-definition camera; and the transmission end of the central controller is electrically connected with the spraying device, the carbon dioxide generator and the regulating system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to an intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse and a planting method thereof.
Background
The greenhouse is formed by using bamboo and wood poles, cement poles, light steel pipes or pipes and other materials as a framework, manufacturing upright posts, pull rods, arch bars and pressure bars, and covering plastic films to form the arched material greenhouse.
In 1957, the product is popularized and used from Beijing to Tianjin, Shenyang, northeast and Taiyuan, etc., and is popular in various regions. In 1958, China can produce agricultural polyethylene films by itself, so that the production of vegetables covered by small sheds is wide. The small shed in the middle of the 60 s is shaped into an arch, is about 1 m high and 1.5-2.0 m wide, so the small shed is called a small arch shed. Since the shed type is short and not suitable for being applied to northeast cold areas, the suburbs in the long spring of 1966 are firstly changed into square sheds with the height of 2 meters. But collapse due to poor snow resistance, and finally create an arched greenhouse with the height of about 2 meters, the width of 15 meters and the occupied area of 1 mu after repeated reconstruction and trial. It was popularized in 1970 in various parts of the north. 1975. Three 'national society for vegetable production and scientific research in vinyl houses' have been held forward continuously in 1976 and 1978 to promote the development of greenhouse production. In 1976, 29 kinds of greenhouses with different specifications are built in suburbs of the taiyuan, and abundant experience is provided for the shed-type structure and the building scale of the greenhouse. In 1978, greenhouse production has been popularized to every part of south, and the greenhouse area in China reaches 10 ten thousand mu. Up to now, the area of the greenhouse in China has been stabilized to more than 10 ten thousand mu. Wherein each province and the city in northern arid regions of China have more than 7 ten thousand mu. The greenhouse cultivation area is expected to be about 20 ten thousand mu in the seven-five period. The greenhouse is covered by a plastic film. Is suitable for large-area coverage because of its light weight, good light-transmitting and heat-insulating properties, strong plasticity and low price. And because the light framework material can be used, the building and the shaping are easy, the lattice can be taken on the spot, the building investment is less, and the economic benefit is higher. The fertilizer can resist natural disasters, resist cold and heat, resist drought and waterlogging, can be cultivated in advance, can be cultivated later, can prolong the growth period of crops, achieves the purposes of early maturing and late maturing, and can increase and stabilize yield, and is popular with producers. Therefore, the development is fast in the arid area in the north of China.
At present, the technology of planting vegetables in vegetable greenhouses in various places is very popular in China, the greenhouse planting can manage the planting of various crops more effectively, the influence on disease and pest prevention and weather is improved, the unit yield of the crops is improved, and meanwhile, the crops in richer and different areas can be planted through the control of the temperature and the humidity of the greenhouses and the like.
A vegetable greenhouse is a frame-coated structure having excellent heat-insulating properties, which has appeared to allow people to eat out-of-season vegetables. The common vegetable greenhouse uses a bamboo structure or a steel structure framework, and one or more layers of heat-insulating plastic films are covered on the framework, so that a greenhouse space is formed. The outer film can well prevent the loss of carbon dioxide generated by the growth of the vegetables inside, so that the greenhouse has a good heat preservation effect.
The existing agricultural greenhouse is simple in structure and not intelligent enough, when the greenhouse is used for planting vegetables, unscientific watering can increase the working pressure of planting personnel, so that more labor force is used, the working efficiency is reduced, and over-wet or over-dry can be caused to influence the growth of the vegetables; secondly, the fertilizer application environment is poor, the use of a large amount of fertilizers causes the change of the essence of soil, and the growth of vegetables is restricted; and the control of temperature and humidity are not very scientific.
Therefore, how to provide a more scientific and intelligent vegetable greenhouse is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by the technical staff in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a more scientific and intelligent vegetable greenhouse.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an intelligence vegetable planting big-arch shelter, its characterized in that includes the big-arch shelter body, auto-induction detection equipment, spray set, carbon dioxide generator, governing system and central controller.
The greenhouse body comprises a rear wall, side walls and a greenhouse top; the outer side of the greenhouse body is provided with a water storage tank, a pesticide tank and a fertilizer tank;
the automatic sensing detection equipment comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a soil moisture content sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor and a high-definition camera;
the spraying device is arranged on the inner side of the shed roof and is respectively communicated with the water storage tank, the pesticide tank and the fertilizer tank;
the carbon dioxide generator is arranged inside the greenhouse body;
the adjusting system is fixed on the rear wall;
the input end of the central controller is connected with the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil moisture content sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor and the output end of the high-definition camera; and the transmission end of the central controller is electrically connected with the spraying device, the carbon dioxide generator and the regulating system.
Wherein, the moisture content refers to the humidity of the soil suitable for the growth and development of plants. The soil moisture content refers to the condition of soil humidity. Soil moisture is the degree of dryness of the soil, i.e., the actual moisture content of the soil. The soil moisture content directly influences the growth quality and speed of crops. Besides soil moisture content, parameters such as soil temperature, soil conductivity, soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and soil pH value also play an important role in the growth of crops. Soil temperature has a great influence on crop growth and microbial activity in the soil as well as on the conversion of various nutrients, soil moisture evaporation and movement. In a certain temperature range, the higher the soil temperature is, the faster the growth and development of crops are; the soil temperature is too low, the activity of microorganisms is weakened, organic matters are difficult to decompose, the root system respiration of crops is reduced, and the nutrient deficiency and the growth of the crops are slowed down.
Soil conductivity is used to describe the salinity of soil and it contains abundant information reflecting the quality and physical properties of soil. For example, salinity, moisture, temperature, organic matter content, and texture in soil all affect soil conductivity to varying degrees. The conductivity value of the soil is effectively obtained, and the method has great significance for determining the difference of space-time distribution of various field parameters. The low or high content of trace elements in the soil is not beneficial to the growth of plants. For example, when a phosphate fertilizer is excessively applied to soil, phosphate ions in the phosphate fertilizer are combined with cations such as calcium and magnesium in the soil to form insoluble phosphate, so that the phosphate fertilizer is wasted, and the granular structure of the soil is damaged, so that the soil is hardened.
Preferably, a soil moisture content sensor of soil of multiple soil layers is adopted;
the invention can effectively utilize the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil moisture content sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor and the high-definition camera in the automatic sensing detection equipment to collect data of the growth conditions of all crops and vegetables in the greenhouse, the growth environment including growth time period, soil temperature and humidity, soil components, temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and the like in the greenhouse, the central controller is used for controlling the corresponding spraying device and the carbon dioxide generator, and the adjusting system is used for adjusting, so that the vegetables are positioned in an intelligent control room, the growth parameters are controllable, and the manpower is saved.
Furthermore, the shed roof comprises a supporting frame arranged on the inner side and a heat-preservation sunshade layer fixed at the top of the supporting frame, wherein the heat-preservation sunshade layer is sequentially provided with a heat-preservation tegument layer, a vacuum glass layer and a sunshade layer from top to bottom.
The shed roof adopts a multilayer design, the internal temperature of the greenhouse in winter can be effectively ensured, and the vacuum glass adopts high-strength glass, so that the problems of pollution, easy damage, incapability of being used for a long time, light transmittance and the like caused by the adoption of a plastic film in the prior art are further solved; three kinds of quilt layers, vacuum glass layer, the layer of hiding that adopt to keep warm combine together, can bring different illumination duration and illumination intensity to vegetables in different periods, guarantee the normal fast growth of vegetables.
Furthermore, the lower end of the supporting frame is provided with staggered cross-shaped sliding rails, and the spraying device comprises a driving motor, a spraying head and a roller; the roller is fixed with a motor shaft of the driving motor, the roller is connected with the cross-shaped sliding rail in a sliding manner, and the spray head is arranged at the other end of the driving motor and is communicated with the water storage tank, the pesticide tank and the fertilizer tank through a pressure pump; the driving motor and the pressure pump are electrically connected with the central controller.
The invention adopts automatic control, and the central controller is utilized to perform targeted fertilization, water application, pesticide application and the like aiming at different areas according to the received data from the automatic sensing detection equipment, so that the pertinence is strong, and the phenomenon that the growth of vegetables is influenced by over-wet or over-dry condition is avoided; 2. secondly, the fertilizer application environment is poor, the use of a large amount of fertilizers causes the change of the essence of soil, and the growth of vegetables is restricted;
more specifically, spray set is a plurality of, and evenly distributed is in the big-arch shelter, and crisscross slide rail in the big-arch shelter advances, reaches the assigned position, carries out the appointed operation.
Further, still include the coiling mechanism, the coiling mechanism includes coiling motor and roller bearing, coiling motor and roller bearing are two, fix respectively on the back wall, and are located the upper and lower both sides on vacuum glass layer, two the roller bearing respectively with two the coiling motor transmission is connected, the heat preservation tegument is curled respectively in two with hiding the layer on the roller bearing.
The winding motor is electrically connected with the central controller.
According to the invention, the rolling device can be effectively and reasonably controlled by the central controller according to different illumination requirements and temperature requirements in different periods, the central controller can automatically acquire planting and culturing requirements of related vegetables through the gateway, and the vegetables can be controlled in different periods, so that the healthy and rapid growth of the vegetables is facilitated.
Further, the carbon dioxide generator comprises a thermal decomposition device, the side wall of the thermal decomposition device is fixedly connected with the side wall of the ammonia gas absorber through a connecting plate, and the thermal decomposition device, the connecting plate and the ammonia gas absorber are fixedly connected to the supporting plate;
the top end of the thermal decomposition device is provided with a feeding sealing cover, the bottom of the thermal decomposition device is provided with a heater, and the side wall of the thermal decomposition device is provided with an overflow port valve and a waste discharge valve;
the inside of the ammonia absorber is provided with a microporous filter, the top end of the ammonia absorber is provided with a water adding sealing cover, and the side wall of the ammonia absorber is provided with a carbon dioxide exhaust port, a liquid level pipe, a communicating pipe, an ammonia discharging valve and a mixed gas pipe; the liquid level pipe is communicated with the overflow port valve and the communicating pipe, and the communicating pipe is provided with a valve and is communicated with the thermal decomposition device;
and a time controller is arranged on the connecting plate and is electrically connected with the central controller.
According to the invention, the ammonium bicarbonate is decomposed in the thermal decomposition reactor in a heating mode to produce ammonia gas, water and carbon dioxide gas, the ammonia gas, the carbon dioxide gas and part of water vapor enter the ammonia gas absorber through the mixed gas pipe, and the ammonia gas and the water vapor are completely absorbed by the water after the mixed gas passes through the microporous filter. After the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the water in the same volume, filtering the water to obtain a carbon dioxide saturated solution, and discharging the redundant carbon dioxide gas to replenish the carbon dioxide gas to the greenhouse. The microporous filter arranged in the ammonia absorber can make gas slowly, uniformly and fully dissolved in water, and avoid the phenomenon of explosive boiling of gas caused by overlarge filter holes, which results in incomplete ammonia absorption and the phenomenon of upward flow of absorption liquid along with a gas conveying pipe. The overflow valve provides the maximum upper limit value of the liquid level, and prevents the phenomenon that the ammonia water leaks along with the gas transmission pipe due to excessive water addition. Set up the liquid level pipe on the ammonia absorber, can adjust the volume of the carbon dioxide in the ammonia absorber through the liquid level difference to change carbon dioxide's initial pressure, confirm carbon dioxide's initial pressure size according to warmhouse booth's length, warmhouse booth length and carbon dioxide initial pressure are directly proportional. The uniform gas distribution of the greenhouse with the length of more than 60 meters can be realized without external pressurization conditions. The energy consumption is reduced and the influence of the fault of the air pump in the prior art on the timely supplement of the carbon dioxide is avoided. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of complete and sufficient ammonia absorption, uniform gas distribution, stable operation, convenient use and low energy consumption, and can realize long-distance transportation of carbon dioxide gas.
Further, be equipped with the ventilation hole on the big back wall, governing system includes: the device comprises a switch motor, a fan and an atomization net;
a baffle plate is arranged on a rotating shaft of the switch motor, the switch motor (51) is arranged at the upper end of the vent hole, and the baffle plate rotates to shield the vent hole;
the fan is arranged on the inner side of the vent hole;
the atomization net is arranged on one side of the fan and located outside the vent hole, the atomization net is formed by interweaving pipelines, a plurality of capillary holes are formed in the pipelines, the other ends of the pipelines are communicated with the reservoir through a water pump, and a heating and cooling device is arranged in the reservoir;
the switch motor, the fan, the water pump and the heating and cooling device are all electrically connected with the central controller.
According to the invention, the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse can be effectively regulated through the regulating system, and the growth requirement of vegetables is ensured.
Further, the system also comprises a client, and the client is electrically connected with the central controller.
According to the invention, a user can monitor parameters in the greenhouse through the client, and can remotely control personnel according to actual requirements, so that the greenhouse is convenient and fast to use, can record the growth of vegetables in the greenhouse in real time, and is convenient for later propaganda and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a side view of the overall structure of an intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing of the rear view of the overall structure of the intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spraying device at the part A in the intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a B-part heat-preservation and sun-shading layer in the intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the front side structure of a carbon dioxide generator in an intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a back structure of a carbon dioxide generator in an intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a winding device in an intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a control principle in the intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of the present invention;
wherein, 1 is a greenhouse body; 11 is a rear wall; 12 is a side wall; 13, shed roof; 131 is a supporting frame; 132 is a heat-insulating and sun-shading layer; 1321 is a heat preservation tegument; 1322 is a vacuum glass layer; 1323 is a shade layer; 2, automatic induction detection equipment; 21 is a temperature and humidity sensor; 22 is a soil moisture content sensor; the carbon dioxide sensor 24 is a high-definition camera 23; 3 is a spraying device; 31 is a driving motor; 32 is a spray header; 33 is a roller; 4 is a carbon dioxide generator; 41 is a thermal decomposition device; 42 is a connecting plate; 43 is an ammonia absorber; 44 is a support plate; 45 is a charging sealing cover; 46 is a heater; 47 is an overflow valve; 48 is a waste discharge valve; 49 is a microporous filter; 410 is a water-adding sealing cover; 411 is a carbon dioxide vent; 412 is a level tube; 413 is a communicating pipe; 414 is an ammonia discharge valve; 415 is a mixed gas pipe; 416 is a valve; 417 is a time controller; 51 is a switch motor; 511 is a baffle plate; 52 is a fan; 53 is an atomization net; 6 is a central controller; 7 is a winding device; 71 is a winding motor; 72 are rollers.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the embodiment of the embodiment discloses an intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse, which is characterized by comprising a greenhouse body, an automatic sensing detection device 2, a spraying device 3, a carbon dioxide generator 4, a regulating system 5 and a central controller 6.
The greenhouse body comprises a rear wall 11, side walls 12 and a greenhouse top 13; the outer side of the greenhouse body is provided with a reservoir, a pesticide pool and a fertilizer pool;
the automatic induction detection equipment 2 comprises a temperature and humidity sensor 21, a soil moisture content sensor 22, a carbon dioxide sensor 23 and a high-definition camera 24;
the spraying device 3 is arranged on the shed roof 13 and is respectively communicated with the water storage pool, the pesticide pool and the fertilizer pool;
the carbon dioxide generator 4 is arranged inside the greenhouse body; the access door is arranged on the side wall.
The adjusting system 5 is multiple and fixed on the back wall 11;
the input end of the central controller 6 is connected with the output ends of the temperature and humidity sensor 21, the soil moisture content sensor 22, the carbon dioxide sensor 23 and the high-definition camera 24; and the transmission end of the central controller 6 is electrically connected with the spraying device 3, the carbon dioxide generator 4 and the regulating system 5.
Wherein, the moisture content refers to the humidity of the soil suitable for the growth and development of plants. The soil moisture content refers to the condition of soil humidity. Soil moisture is the degree of dryness of the soil, i.e., the actual moisture content of the soil. The soil moisture content directly influences the growth quality and speed of crops. Besides soil moisture content, parameters such as soil temperature, soil conductivity, soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and soil pH value also play an important role in the growth of crops. Soil temperature has a great influence on crop growth and microbial activity in the soil as well as on the conversion of various nutrients, soil moisture evaporation and movement. In a certain temperature range, the higher the soil temperature is, the faster the growth and development of crops are; the soil temperature is too low, the activity of microorganisms is weakened, organic matters are difficult to decompose, the root system respiration of crops is reduced, and the nutrient deficiency and the growth of the crops are slowed down.
Soil conductivity is used to describe the salinity of soil and it contains abundant information reflecting the quality and physical properties of soil. For example, salinity, moisture, temperature, organic matter content, and texture in soil all affect soil conductivity to varying degrees. The conductivity value of the soil is effectively obtained, and the method has great significance for determining the difference of space-time distribution of various field parameters. The low or high content of trace elements in the soil is not beneficial to the growth of plants. For example, when a phosphate fertilizer is excessively applied to soil, phosphate ions in the phosphate fertilizer are combined with cations such as calcium and magnesium in the soil to form insoluble phosphate, so that the phosphate fertilizer is wasted, and the granular structure of the soil is damaged, so that the soil is hardened.
Preferably, a soil moisture content sensor of soil of multiple soil layers is adopted;
according to the invention, the temperature and humidity sensor 21, the soil moisture content sensor 22, the carbon dioxide sensor 23 and the high-definition camera 24 in the automatic sensing detection equipment 2 can be effectively utilized to collect data of growth conditions of all crops and vegetables in the greenhouse, growth environment including growth time period, soil temperature and humidity, soil components, temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and the like in the greenhouse, the central controller 6 is used for controlling the corresponding spraying device 3 and the carbon dioxide generator 4, and the adjusting system 5 is used for adjusting, so that the vegetables are positioned in an intelligent control room, growth parameters are controllable, and manpower is saved.
As shown in fig. 4: in this embodiment, the ceiling 13 includes a supporting frame 131 disposed inside and a heat-insulating sunshade layer 132 disposed on the top of the supporting frame 131, and the heat-insulating sunshade layer 132 is sequentially provided with a heat-insulating quilt layer 1321, a vacuum glass layer 1322, and a sunshade layer 1323 from top to bottom.
The shed roof 13 adopts a multilayer design, the internal temperature of the shed in winter can be effectively ensured, and the vacuum glass adopts high-strength glass, so that the problems of pollution, easy damage, incapability of being used for a long time, light transmittance and the like caused by the adoption of a plastic film in the prior art are solved; the combination of the heat preservation tegument layer 1321, the vacuum glass layer 1322 and the shading layer 1323 is adopted, so that different illumination time lengths and illumination intensities can be brought to vegetables in different periods, and the normal and rapid growth of the vegetables can be guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 3: in this embodiment, the lower end of the supporting frame 131 is provided with staggered cross-shaped sliding rails, and the spraying device 3 comprises a driving motor 31, a spraying head 32 and a roller 33; the roller 33 is fixed with a motor shaft of the driving motor 31, the roller 33 is connected with the cross-shaped sliding rail in a sliding manner, and the spray header 32 is arranged at the other end of the driving motor 31 and is communicated with the water reservoir, the pesticide pool and the fertilizer pool through a pressure pump; the drive motor 31 and the pressure pump are electrically connected to the central controller 6.
The invention adopts automatic control, and the central controller is utilized to perform targeted fertilization, water application, pesticide application and the like aiming at different areas according to the received data from the automatic sensing detection equipment, so that the pertinence is strong, and the phenomenon that the growth of vegetables is influenced by over-wet or over-dry condition is avoided; 2. secondly, the fertilizer application environment is poor, the use of a large amount of fertilizers causes the change of the essence of soil, and the growth of vegetables is restricted;
more specifically, spray set 3 is a plurality of, and evenly distributed is in the big-arch shelter, and crisscross slide rail in the big-arch shelter is marchd, reaches the assigned position, carries out the appointed operation.
In this embodiment, the device further includes a winding device 7, the winding device includes two winding motors 71 and two rollers 72, the two winding motors 71 and the two rollers 72 are respectively fixed on the back wall 11 and located on the upper and lower sides of the vacuum glass layer 1322, the two rollers 72 are respectively in transmission connection with the two winding motors 71, and the heat preservation layer 1321 and the shading layer 1323 are respectively curled on the two rollers 72.
The take-up motor 71 is electrically connected to the central controller 6.
According to the invention, the winding device 7 can be effectively and reasonably controlled by the central controller 6 according to different periods, different illumination requirements and temperature requirements, the central controller 6 can automatically obtain planting and culturing requirements of related vegetables through the gateway, and the vegetables can be controlled in different periods, so that the healthy and rapid growth of the vegetables is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 5: in this embodiment, the carbon dioxide generator 4 includes a thermal decomposition device 41, the side wall of the thermal decomposition device 41 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the ammonia absorber 43 through a connecting plate 42, and the bottom ends of the thermal decomposition device 41 are fixedly connected to a supporting plate 44;
the top end of the thermal decomposition device 41 is provided with a charging sealing cover 45, the bottom is provided with a heater 46, and the side wall is provided with an overflow port valve 47 and a waste discharge valve 48;
the inside of the ammonia absorber 43 is provided with a microporous filter 49, the top end is provided with a water adding sealing cover 410, and the side wall is provided with a carbon dioxide exhaust port 411, a liquid level pipe 412, a communicating pipe 413, an ammonia discharging valve 414 and a mixed gas pipe 415; the mixed gas pipe 415 is communicated with the thermal decomposition device 41, the microporous filter 49 is communicated with the mixed gas pipe 415, the liquid level pipe 412 is communicated with the overflow port valve 47 and the communicating pipe 413, the communicating pipe 413 is provided with a valve 416 and is communicated with the thermal decomposition device 41;
the connection board 42 is provided with a time controller 417, and the time controller 417 is electrically connected to the central controller 6.
According to the invention, the ammonium bicarbonate is decomposed in the thermal decomposition reactor in a heating mode to produce ammonia gas, water and carbon dioxide gas, the ammonia gas, the carbon dioxide gas and part of water vapor enter the ammonia gas absorber through the mixed gas pipe, and the ammonia gas and the water vapor are completely absorbed by the water after the mixed gas passes through the microporous filter. After the carbon dioxide gas is dissolved in the water in the same volume, filtering the water to obtain a carbon dioxide saturated solution, and discharging the redundant carbon dioxide gas to replenish the carbon dioxide gas to the greenhouse. The microporous filter arranged in the ammonia absorber can make gas slowly, uniformly and fully dissolved in water, and avoid the phenomenon of explosive boiling of gas caused by overlarge filter holes, which results in incomplete ammonia absorption and the phenomenon of upward flow of absorption liquid along with a gas conveying pipe. The overflow valve provides the maximum upper limit value of the liquid level, and prevents the phenomenon that the ammonia water leaks along with the gas transmission pipe due to excessive water addition. Set up the liquid level pipe on the ammonia absorber, can adjust the volume of the carbon dioxide in the ammonia absorber through the liquid level difference to change carbon dioxide's initial pressure, confirm carbon dioxide's initial pressure size according to warmhouse booth's length, warmhouse booth length and carbon dioxide initial pressure are directly proportional. The uniform gas distribution of the greenhouse with the length of more than 60 meters can be realized without external pressurization conditions. The energy consumption is reduced and the influence of the fault of the air pump in the prior art on the timely supplement of the carbon dioxide is avoided. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of complete and sufficient ammonia absorption, uniform gas distribution, stable operation, convenient use and low energy consumption, and can realize long-distance transportation of carbon dioxide gas.
The time controller 417 is controlled by the central controller 6, and can determine the feeding amount according to the content of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse, and then set the heating time through the time controller according to different feeding amounts, so as to ensure the sufficient decomposition of raw materials and the operation with low energy consumption.
In this embodiment, the large back wall 11 is provided with a vent hole, and the adjusting system 5 comprises
A switch motor 51, wherein a baffle 511 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the switch motor 51, the switch motor 51 is arranged at the upper end of the ventilation hole, and the baffle 511 is rotated to shield the ventilation hole;
the fan 52, the fan 52 locates the inside of the air vent;
the atomizing net 53 is arranged on one side of the fan 52 and is positioned outside the vent hole, the atomizing net 53 is formed by interweaving pipelines, a plurality of capillary holes are formed in the pipelines, the other end of the pipeline is communicated with a reservoir through a water pump, and a heating and cooling device is arranged in the reservoir;
the switch motor 51, the fan 52, the water pump and the heating and cooling device are all electrically connected with the central controller 6.
According to the invention, the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse can be effectively regulated through the regulating system 5, and the growth requirement of vegetables is ensured.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a client electrically connected to the central controller 6.
According to the invention, a user can monitor parameters in the greenhouse through the client, and can remotely control personnel according to actual requirements, such as temperature control, humidity control, fertilization control and the like, so that the greenhouse is convenient and fast to use, can record the growth of vegetables in the greenhouse in real time, and is convenient for later propaganda and the like.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to the above-described embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. An intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse is characterized by comprising
The greenhouse comprises a greenhouse body, wherein the greenhouse body comprises a rear wall (11), side walls (12) and a greenhouse top (13); the outer side of the greenhouse body is provided with a water storage tank, a pesticide tank and a fertilizer tank;
the automatic sensing detection device (2), the automatic sensing detection device (2) comprises a temperature and humidity sensor (21), a soil moisture content sensor (22), a carbon dioxide sensor (23) and a high-definition camera (24);
the spraying device (3) is arranged on the inner side of the shed roof (13) and is respectively communicated with the water storage tank, the pesticide tank and the fertilizer tank;
the carbon dioxide generator (4), the carbon dioxide generator (4) is arranged inside the greenhouse body;
an adjustment system (5), said adjustment system (5) being fixed to said rear wall (11);
the input end of the central controller (6) is connected with the output ends of the temperature and humidity sensor (21), the soil moisture content sensor (22), the carbon dioxide sensor (23) and the high-definition camera (24); and the transmission end of the central controller (6) is electrically connected with the spraying device (3), the carbon dioxide generator (4) and the regulating system (5).
2. The intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the greenhouse top (13) comprises a supporting frame (131) arranged on the inner side, and a heat-insulating and sun-shading layer (132) fixed on the top of the supporting frame (131), and the heat-insulating and sun-shading layer (132) comprises a heat-insulating quilt layer (1321), a vacuum glass layer (1322) and a sun-shading layer (1323) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
3. The intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lower end of the supporting frame (131) is provided with staggered cross-shaped sliding rails, and the spraying device (3) comprises a driving motor (31), a spraying head (32) and rollers (33); the roller (33) is fixed with a motor shaft of the driving motor (31), the roller (33) is connected with the cross-shaped sliding rail in a sliding mode, and the spray head (32) is arranged at the other end of the driving motor (31) and is respectively communicated with the water storage tank, the pesticide pool and the fertilizer pool through a pressure pump; the driving motor (31) and the pressure pump are electrically connected with the central controller (6).
4. The intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of claim 2, further comprising a rolling device (7) comprising a rolling motor (71) and a roller (72);
the two rolling motors (71) and the two rolling shafts (72) are respectively fixed on the rear wall (11) and positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the vacuum glass layer (1322), the two rolling shafts (72) are respectively in transmission connection with the two corresponding rolling motors (71), and the heat preservation layer (1321) and the shading layer (1323) are respectively curled on the two rolling shafts (72);
the winding motor (71) is electrically connected with the central controller (6).
5. The intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide generator (4) comprises a thermal decomposition device (41), the side wall of the thermal decomposition device (41) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the ammonia gas absorber (43) through a connecting plate (42), and the thermal decomposition device (41), the connecting plate (42) and the ammonia gas absorber (43) are fixedly connected to a supporting plate (44);
the top end of the thermal decomposition device (41) is provided with a charging sealing cover (45), the bottom of the thermal decomposition device is provided with a heater (46), and the side wall of the thermal decomposition device is provided with an overflow port valve (47) and a waste discharge valve (48);
a microporous filter (49) is arranged in the ammonia gas absorber (43), a water adding sealing cover (410) is arranged at the top end, and a carbon dioxide exhaust port (411), a liquid level pipe (412), a communicating pipe (413), an ammonia water discharging valve (414) and a mixed gas pipe (415) are arranged on the side wall; the mixed gas pipe (415) is communicated with the thermal decomposition device (41), the microporous filter (49) is communicated with the mixed gas pipe (415), the liquid level pipe (412) is communicated with the overflow port valve (47) and the communicating pipe (413), and the communicating pipe (413) is provided with a valve (416) and is communicated with the thermal decomposition device (41);
and a time controller (417) is arranged on the connecting plate (42), and the time controller (417) is electrically connected with the central controller (6).
6. The intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the rear wall (11) is provided with vent holes, and the adjusting system (5) comprises:
the air conditioner comprises a switch motor (51), wherein a baffle (511) is arranged on a rotating shaft of the switch motor (51), the switch motor (51) is arranged at the upper end of the air vent, and the baffle (511) rotationally shields the air vent;
a fan (52), the fan (52) being disposed inside the vent;
the atomizing net (53) is arranged on one side of the fan (52) and located outside the vent hole, the atomizing net (53) is formed by interweaving pipelines, a plurality of capillary holes are formed in the pipelines, the other ends of the pipelines are communicated with the reservoir through a water pump, and a heating and cooling device is arranged in the reservoir;
the switch motor (51), the fan (52), the water pump and the heating and cooling device are electrically connected with the central controller (6).
7. The intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse of any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a client electrically connected to the central controller (6).
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| CN202011415703.2A CN112544299A (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse |
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| CN202011415703.2A CN112544299A (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Intelligent vegetable planting greenhouse |
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Application publication date: 20210326 |