CN1125433A - 干燥污泥的方法和装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是有关一种干燥污泥的方法和装置，首先将污泥倒入一在过滤材料(2)顶面上的质滤器，此外，一过滤材料使污泥沉淀成浓缩泥，然后收集以进一步干燥。在污泥倒入前，具有德氏标度渗水值超过80升/米2秒(最好超过200升/米2秒)的织物铺设在过滤材料(2)的顶面上，借助由织物(7)构成的袋(12)把沉淀污泥举离质滤器(1)，当袋与过滤材料(2)分离时，在织物内面上形成的沉淀污泥以后就充当一质滤器。
Description
本发明的目的在于找出一种干燥污泥的方法和装置。该法首先将污泥全部倒入一滤质器(mass filler)，污泥在滤质器内沉淀变稠，然后再把污泥收集进行最后的干燥。本发明也涉及落实这种方法的装置。在工业生产过程中，含重金属稀泥常与其他物质一道产生，在工厂环境内是按以下方式进行处理的。首先将稀泥导入到一平台式滤质器，让污泥在该滤质器内沉淀几天，其后，将仍然呈液体状的污泥运走再作处理。在工厂的水净化流程中会形成污泥，而从滤质器所取得的过滤水则送回到净化流程中。
此处，滤质器通常指一沙基过滤器，其内可以使用诸如活性碳、泥炭、无烟煤以及离子交换树脂等添加剂。
因为在废液处理中只在废液的总重是重要的，它有助于把排出的废污泥干燥到尽可能多的固体含量。
一种想用于处理污泥的方法，其中污泥借助合适的边缘而限制在地面上的方法已在英国专利2193716中已为大家所知，当污泥已全部干燥时，下一层的污泥可翻到它的顶上，稍小一点的圆形，然而，这种方法预先假定大部分不能干燥的工业污泥都能很好地进行干燥。欧州专利No.0067795叙述一种污泥处理方法，在该方法中，污泥被倒入一设置呈环状的过滤袋，尤其对稀泥，同一袋可填充几次以便取得一合理的填充程度，这种重复则要求专门的自动装置，在此方法中袋子的材料必须很密实，这样污泥才不会在初始阶段渗出。袋的大小只有75升，上文中提到袋子和材料TYPAR织物有几种不同的质量。很清楚，不能采用较粗糙的TYPAR织物，例如标定重量为68、110或136克/米2的TYPAR织物，许多污泥量会通过此织物渗出，希望用具有标定重量为240克/米2的最密实型。确实，当内装的污泥尺寸减小在某种程度上，袋的渗水性会增加。另一方面，在大的袋中会产生大的压力，此压力会使污泥从袋内渗出。
本发明的目的在于提出一种方法并制造出一种装置使之简单而有效地将污泥脱水和干燥，本发明方法的特征在权利要求1中有详情说明，而本发明方法的相应的装置特征则在权利要求5中已详细叙述。根据本发明，利用了在质滤器顶面上污泥自身的沉淀能力以及在滤袋内面形成一稠泥层的能力，这样就能采用编织得相当稀疏的滤袋，借助本发明就能在相同的粗糙编织袋内干燥大量污泥。
下文将结合实例指出本发明的其它优点和应用形式并参照附图加以说明。并介绍本发明的一种方法和装置。
图1表示发生在一质滤器中的干燥初始阶段；
图2表示在滤袋内污泥的干燥；
图3表示在贮场内污泥的长期进一步干燥。
干燥一含重金属污泥的装置包括有一质滤器1，一设在污泥顶面上的编织物7和一带有缆绳8的起重装置9，编织物7设在质滤器内过滤材料的顶面上，这样该编织物7伸过容器3的边缘，缆绳8既可系到织物的边缘，也可绕过织物的底部。现在把污泥6倒入织物7的顶面上，则滤液迅速穿过织物7、质滤器2和出口而流出，再通过出口接头4而到回流管路5。污泥开始形成一沉淀，该沉淀层以后充当一过滤器压在织物7的内面上，织物7编织得相当稀疏，然而这在开始阶段并不是有害的，因为穿过织物的颗粒立即在质滤材料2的表面停下来以后在质滤材料表面形成的沉淀挡住了颗粒继续进入的通畅的出口。
起重装置9包括轨道10和在轨道上的挂吊装置11，缆绳8就连在挂吊装置，当织物7能用四条或相应六条缆绳举起，那么该装置就有两个甚至六个V形轨道。在图2中，袋12已被举起，起重装置9的挂吊11行走到中间位置，由于拉的效应，把织物7的侧边同时收缩成一袋样形状，此时，一些脏的滤液仍会从袋内滴出，为此原因，该袋必须悬挂在一收集容器的上方，当然，质滤器自身也能起到收集容器的作用。
当袋12已悬挂约2天，即把袋12运送到长期贮场去干燥，在贮场内，袋12用会产生空气间隙的中间平台14相互叠置，几个月后，袋重大大减小，袋在空气中干燥最好持续2至15天。
质滤器的过滤面面积最好在1米2至2.5米2，而污泥层的运作厚度在10公分至40公分之间，在此厚度下，污泥层的量会集积得更多，但是集聚在织物顶面上的沉淀物最终会变得很厚而使污泥难以干燥。在各个干燥程序中，各种参数有它们自已的最佳搭配。
在一次试验中，干燥带有重金属含量的污泥，固体含量为5％，在干燥过程中，采用了一装有一过滤面约为1.2米2的质滤器，在质滤器顶面上展开了单位重为136克/米2的织物(商业名为TYPAR，制造厂商是杜邦公司)，织物的渗水值是100升/米2.秒(按德氏刻度—De Voorst Scale TYPAR即为100毫米水柱)。原先的污泥量是250公斤，一天以后，污泥重量迅速下降至约85公斤，当织物从边缘处举起而形成一个口袋时，二天以后，袋内总重为75公斤。在这之后，袋就准备送到贮场干燥，其中袋就以图3所示的方式相互堆叠起来，在几个月的贮场干燥期间，就能保证袋内总重仍旧会下降20至50公斤，这样送到废物处理厂的废物量就比原先的重量大大地下降了。如果贮袋经常受到振动，很明显会在已干燥的泥块内产生裂纹，这是很有利的。
尤其是对稀污泥，在没有任何自动设备下可大量倒入同一种织物内。上述装250公斤污泥的袋子能多装到1000公斤浓度为1％的污泥量。
上述所用的TYPAR织物可以有各种密度。在此方法中能采用其渗水值为260升/米2秒的TYPAR 68织物。其相应的透水值最好超过200，同样，还能使用其重量为135克/米2TYPAR织物相同材料制成的大麻袋织物，但是用宽带(3毫米)织成，该织物的织孔大小为400微米至500微米，而对TYPAR织物，织孔至多为340微米(TYPAR68)，这种用1.5～4毫米的宽带编织的表面结构，从沉淀观点来说显然是有利的。
当然，放在质滤器顶面上的织物，原先就呈一袋状，即使在初期，有效过滤面也只是整个表面积的一小部分。
Claims (8)
1)一种干燥污泥的方法，其中污泥(6)首先倒入一质滤器(1)内，使污泥沉淀在过滤材料(2)的顶部而呈浓缩污泥，该浓缩污泥收集后再进一步干燥，其特征在于污泥(6)倒入之前，其德氏标度(De Voorst Scale)渗水值超过80升/米2秒，最好渗水值超过200升/米2秒的织物(7)展开在过滤材料(2)的顶面上，借助由上述织物(7)构成的袋(12)，把上述沉淀的污泥从质滤器(1)中取出，当袋与过滤器材料(2)分离时，在织物内面上形成沉淀污泥以后就充当一质滤器(1)。
2)根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于由织物(7)构成的袋(12)与其所包容物一起提起在大气中干燥2至15天。以后把袋12叠置在留有空气间隙的基座(13)上。
3)根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于质滤器(2)或等同物的过滤面面积是在1米2至2.5米2之间。
4)根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于几个袋相互在顶面上堆叠在一起，而中间基座(14)则堆叠在袋之间，这种叠置还可在袋之间产生气隙并且把袋之间流出的自由水导走。
5)根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于所贮存的袋(12)在定期间隔内受到振动。
6)根据实现权利要求1方法所用的一种干燥污泥的装置，该装置包括一由顶部开口的容器(3)组成的质滤器(1)，过滤材料(2)放置在容器的底部而一连到容器底部的出口接头(4)用于排除过滤液，其特征在于装置包括一铺设在过滤材料顶面上的织物(7)，该织物从边缘向上延伸，这样织物就形成了一收集沉淀污泥的口袋，而织物的渗水性按德氏标度为超过80升/米2秒，最好其渗水值超过200升/米2秒并且该装置还包括举升织物的起重装置(9)并把织物转变成一袋样形状。
7)根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于提升装置(9)包括一V字形轨(20)，其中提升缆绳连到行走在轨道上的挂钩(11)，在此情况下，举升使铺在容器顶部上的织物收缩成一袋样形状。
8)根据权利要求6至7所述的装置，其特征在于织物(7)是由1.5毫米至4毫米的宽带编织而成。
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| CN108421302A (zh) * | 2017-02-13 | 2018-08-21 | 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 | 一种过滤器及其使用方法 |
| CN113354075A (zh) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 湘西科亮环保科技有限公司 | 一种医疗污水和污泥的区块化处理系统 |
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| NL2007821C2 (nl) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-23 | Besekk B V | Werkwijze voor het ontwateren van grond met behulp van een filtratiemiddel. |
| GB2508575A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2014-06-11 | Cintec Int Ltd | Separation tank |
| US10905979B2 (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-02-02 | Precision Dewatering, Llc | Portable filtration apparatus, systems and methods |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1136701B (it) * | 1981-06-02 | 1986-09-03 | Nastro Cellulosa Ind Imballagg | Procedimento per la separazione dei fanghi nel trattamento di depurazione delle acque,impianto ed elementi filtranti per l'esecuzione di detto procedimento |
| AU595041B2 (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1990-03-22 | Fraser Alexander Ltd. | Disposal of particulate waste |
| EP0267636A1 (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-05-18 | Ferdinando Cellini | Device to carry out sedimentation and collection of sludges |
| JPH0677759B2 (ja) * | 1988-12-09 | 1994-10-05 | 株式会社ゲット | ヘドロ処理方法 |
| EP0509468B1 (en) * | 1991-04-17 | 1996-07-03 | MORISHITA CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co., Ltd. | Container for dewatering or packaging and transportation |
-
1993
- 1993-06-16 FI FI932756A patent/FI93428C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-06-14 EP EP94917021A patent/EP0703876B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-14 AT AT94917021T patent/ATE166041T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-14 ES ES94917021T patent/ES2118410T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-14 CZ CZ953313A patent/CZ284728B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-14 DE DE69410265T patent/DE69410265T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-14 WO PCT/FI1994/000254 patent/WO1994029230A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-06-14 AU AU68480/94A patent/AU6848094A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-06-14 CN CN94192481A patent/CN1092611C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-14 PL PL94312036A patent/PL174385B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108421302A (zh) * | 2017-02-13 | 2018-08-21 | 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 | 一种过滤器及其使用方法 |
| CN113354075A (zh) * | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 湘西科亮环保科技有限公司 | 一种医疗污水和污泥的区块化处理系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL174385B1 (pl) | 1998-07-31 |
| EP0703876B1 (en) | 1998-05-13 |
| DE69410265T2 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
| FI93428C (fi) | 1995-04-10 |
| CZ284728B6 (cs) | 1999-02-17 |
| PL312036A1 (en) | 1996-04-01 |
| AU6848094A (en) | 1995-01-03 |
| CN1092611C (zh) | 2002-10-16 |
| ATE166041T1 (de) | 1998-05-15 |
| FI93428B (fi) | 1994-12-30 |
| EP0703876A1 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
| FI932756A0 (fi) | 1993-06-16 |
| CZ331395A3 (en) | 1996-05-15 |
| ES2118410T3 (es) | 1998-09-16 |
| DE69410265D1 (de) | 1998-06-18 |
| WO1994029230A1 (en) | 1994-12-22 |
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