Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel technical scheme of a preparation method of a corn flavor for cigarettes, which can effectively reduce the irritation of a corn extract.
According to the first aspect of the invention, a preparation method of corn flavor for tobacco is provided.
The preparation method of the corn flavor for the cigarettes comprises the following steps:
step (1): pulping corn kernels and then sterilizing to obtain corn steep liquor;
step (2): inoculating bacillus thuringiensis XC-3 into a culture medium to obtain a starch degrading bacterium seed solution;
and (3): inoculating the starch degrading bacteria seed liquid into corn steep liquor, and fermenting for 2d-5d at 35-40 ℃ to obtain fermented corn steep liquor;
and (4): mixing the organic solvent and the fermented corn steep liquor according to the volume-mass ratio of (6-10) to 1, and performing reflux extraction operation to obtain a corn fermented extract, wherein the volume of the organic solvent is mL, and the mass of the fermented corn steep liquor is g;
and (5): concentrating the supernatant after centrifuging the corn fermentation extract under reduced pressure to a density of 1.15g/ml-1.30g/ml to obtain a concentrated corn extract;
and (6): diluting the concentrated corn extract according to the volume-mass ratio of ethanol to the concentrated corn extract (8-12):1, and concentrating the filtered filtrate under reduced pressure to the density of 1.15 +/-0.005 g/mL to obtain the corn flavor for cigarettes, wherein the volume of ethanol is mL, and the mass of the concentrated corn extract is g.
Optionally, the step (1) is specifically as follows:
cleaning corn kernels, mixing and pulping the corn kernels and water according to the mass ratio of the corn kernels to the water of 1 (10-20), sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 15min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain corn steep liquor.
Optionally, the step (2) is specifically as follows:
inoculating Bacillus thuringiensis XC-3 into a culture medium, and performing shake culture at 37 ℃ and 150rpm for 24h to obtain a starch degrading bacteria seed solution.
Optionally, the culture medium in the step (2) is LB culture medium cooled after being autoclaved at 120 ℃ for 15 min.
Optionally, the step (3) is specifically as follows:
inoculating the starch degrading bacteria seed liquid into the corn steep liquor according to the volume ratio of the starch degrading bacteria seed liquid to the corn steep liquor of (2-5) to 100, and fermenting for 2d-5d at 35-40 ℃ to obtain the fermented corn steep liquor.
Optionally, the organic solvent in the step (4) is isopropanol.
Optionally, the step (4) is specifically as follows:
mixing the organic solvent and the fermented corn steep liquor according to the volume-mass ratio of (6-10) to 1, and performing reflux extraction at 85 ℃ for 2-4 h to obtain a corn fermented extract, wherein the volume of the organic solvent is mL, and the mass of the fermented corn steep liquor is g.
Optionally, the reflux extraction in the step (4) is repeated for 3 times, and the 3 times of extracting solutions are combined to obtain the corn fermentation extract.
Optionally, the ethanol in the step (6) is 95% ethanol.
Optionally, the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethanol to the concentrated corn extract in the step (6) is 10: 1.
According to the corn spice for the cigarette, the corn steep liquor is fermented by the starch degrading bacteria, starch macromolecules are directionally degraded on the premise of keeping the components of the fragrant substances in the raw materials, the irritation of the corn extract is effectively reduced, and the quality of the corn spice for the cigarette can be improved by the new fragrant substances in the fermentation product.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
The preparation method of the corn flavor for the cigarettes comprises the following steps:
step (1): and (4) pulping the corn kernels and then sterilizing to obtain corn steep liquor.
The step (1) may be specifically as follows:
cleaning corn kernels, mixing and pulping the corn kernels and water according to the mass ratio of the corn kernels to the water of 1 (10-20), sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 15min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain corn steep liquor. The room temperature may be, for example, 20 ℃ to 25 ℃.
Step (2): inoculating bacillus thuringiensis XC-3 into a culture medium to obtain a starch degrading bacterium seed solution. The Bacillus thuringiensis XC-3 is XC-3 strain for degrading starch in tobacco leaves, belongs to Bacillus and has a preservation name as follows: the Bacillus thuringiensis XC-3 is classified as Bacillus thuringiensis XC-3, is preserved in the Wuhan Chinese type culture collection in 2017, 6 months and 30 days, and has the preservation number of CCTCC NO: m2017352.
The step (2) may be specifically as follows:
inoculating Bacillus thuringiensis XC-3 into a culture medium, and performing shake culture at 37 ℃ and 150rpm for 24h to obtain a starch degrading bacteria seed solution.
Further, the medium in the step (2) was LB medium (Luria-Bertani medium) cooled after autoclaving at 120 ℃ for 15 min.
And (3): inoculating the starch degrading bacteria seed liquid into corn steep liquor, and fermenting for 2d-5d at 35-40 ℃ to obtain fermented corn steep liquor.
The step (3) may be embodied as follows:
inoculating the starch degrading bacteria seed liquid into the corn steep liquor according to the volume ratio of the starch degrading bacteria seed liquid to the corn steep liquor of (2-5) to 100, and fermenting for 2d-5d at 35-40 ℃ to obtain the fermented corn steep liquor.
And (4): mixing the organic solvent and the fermented corn steep liquor according to the volume-mass ratio of (6-10):1, and performing reflux extraction to obtain the corn fermented extract, wherein the volume of the organic solvent is mL, and the mass of the fermented corn steep liquor is g.
The organic solvent in step (4) may be isopropanol.
The step (4) may be embodied as follows:
mixing the organic solvent and the fermented corn steep liquor according to the volume-mass ratio of (6-10) to 1, and performing reflux extraction at 85 ℃ for 2-4 h to obtain a corn fermented extract, wherein the volume of the organic solvent is mL, and the mass of the fermented corn steep liquor is g.
Further, in order to improve the quality of the corn flavor for the cigarettes, the reflux extraction in the step (4) is repeated for 3 times, and the 3 extracting solutions are combined to obtain the corn fermentation extract.
And (5): concentrating the supernatant of the corn fermentation extract after centrifugation to a density of 1.15g/ml-1.30g/ml under reduced pressure to obtain the concentrated corn extract.
And (6): diluting the concentrated corn extract according to the volume-mass ratio of ethanol to the concentrated corn extract (8-12):1, and concentrating the filtered filtrate under reduced pressure to the density of 1.15 +/-0.005 g/mL to obtain the corn flavor for cigarettes, wherein the volume of ethanol is mL, and the mass of the concentrated corn extract is g. The ethanol can be 95% ethanol by volume or 75% ethanol by volume.
The ethanol in step (6) may be 95% ethanol.
In order to improve the quality of the corn flavor for cigarettes, the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethanol to the concentrated corn extract in the step (6) is 10: 1.
The experimental procedures used in the examples below are conventional unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used therein are commercially available, and the equipment used in the experiments are well known to those skilled in the art without otherwise specified.
Example 1
1. Sterilizing LB culture medium at 120 deg.C under high pressure for 15min, inoculating starch degrading bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis XC-3) into the sterilized and cooled culture medium, and culturing at 37 deg.C and 150rpm for 24h to obtain starch degrading bacteria seed solution.
2. Cleaning corn kernels, pulping according to the mass ratio of the corn kernels to water of 1:15, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 15min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain corn steep liquor.
3. Inoculating the starch degrading bacteria seed liquid to the corn steep liquor according to the volume ratio of the starch degrading bacteria seed liquid to the corn steep liquor of 3:100, and fermenting for 4d at 37 ℃ to obtain the fermented corn steep liquor.
4. According to the volume-to-mass ratio of the isopropanol to the fermented corn steep liquor of 6:1, uniformly mixing the isopropanol and the fermented corn steep liquor, setting the temperature to 85 ℃ for reflux extraction for 2 hours, repeating reflux extraction for 3 times, and combining the 3 times of extracting solutions to obtain the corn fermented extract.
5. Centrifuging the fermented corn extract, collecting supernatant, and concentrating under reduced pressure to density of 1.20g/ml to obtain concentrated corn extract.
6. Diluting the concentrated corn extract according to the volume-to-mass ratio of 95% ethanol (mL) to the concentrated corn extract (g) of 10:1, performing suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the corn flavor for cigarettes, which is recorded as T1, with the density of 1.15 +/-0.005 g/mL.
Comparative example 1
1. Cleaning corn kernels, pulping according to the mass ratio of the corn kernels to water of 1:15, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 15min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain corn steep liquor.
2. According to the volume-to-mass ratio of the isopropanol to the corn steep liquor of 6:1, uniformly mixing the isopropanol and the corn steep liquor, setting the temperature to 85 ℃, performing reflux extraction for 2 hours, repeating reflux extraction for 3 times, and combining the 3 times of extracting solutions to obtain the corn extract.
3. Centrifuging semen Maydis extract to obtain supernatant, and concentrating under reduced pressure to density of 1.20g/ml to obtain concentrated semen Maydis extract.
4. Diluting the concentrated corn extract according to the volume-to-mass ratio of 95% ethanol (mL) to the concentrated corn extract (g) of 10:1, performing suction filtration, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain the corn flavor for cigarettes, which is recorded as T0, with the density of 1.15 +/-0.005 g/mL.
Conventional chemical components of the corn steep liquor before and after fermentation are detected, and main aroma substance components of T1 and T0 are detected.
Table 1 shows the results of conventional chemical compositions of corn steep liquor before and after fermentation. As can be seen from Table 1, after the fermentation by the starch degrading bacteria, the content of starch and protein in the corn steep liquor is reduced, and the content of total sugar, reducing sugar and amino acid is increased, which indicates that the starch is degraded into soluble sugar in the fermentation process, so that the content of total sugar and reducing sugar is increased, and protein substances are degraded into amino acid in the process.
TABLE 1 content of conventional chemical components of corn steep liquor before and after fermentation (unit: mg/mL)
Sample (I)
|
Amino acids
|
Total sugar
|
Reducing sugar
|
Starch
|
Protein
|
Before fermentation
|
8.13
|
172.78
|
120.32
|
630.21
|
7.75
|
After fermentation
|
12.67
|
326.52
|
238.55
|
380.45
|
3.11 |
Table 2 shows the main aroma components of T1 and T0. As can be seen from Table 2, after fermentation by starch degrading bacteria, the contents of various flavor substances of the corn flavor for tobacco are all obviously improved, which shows that the tobacco flavor prepared by fermented corn steep liquor can reduce the content of macromolecular substances, and the macromolecular substances are converted into flavor substances, thereby being beneficial to reducing the irritation of the flavor, and further effectively improving the quality of the corn flavor for tobacco.
TABLE 2 analysis of the main aroma components in corn extract (content. mu.g/mL)
Sample (I)
|
Alcohol(s)
|
Acids (acids)
|
Aldehyde ketones
|
Esters and lactones
|
Phenols
|
Heterocycles
|
Total of
|
T0
|
52.83
|
535.51
|
214.63
|
59.34
|
20.52
|
152.28
|
1035.66
|
T1
|
97.24
|
818.68
|
363.87
|
105.76
|
32.57
|
253.64
|
1671.76 |
Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.