CN112535304A - Potato impurity-removing and soil-removing machine based on curve migration path - Google Patents
Potato impurity-removing and soil-removing machine based on curve migration path Download PDFInfo
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- CN112535304A CN112535304A CN202011428282.7A CN202011428282A CN112535304A CN 112535304 A CN112535304 A CN 112535304A CN 202011428282 A CN202011428282 A CN 202011428282A CN 112535304 A CN112535304 A CN 112535304A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/02—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for washing or blanching
- A23N12/023—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for washing or blanching for washing potatoes, apples or similarly shaped vegetables or fruit
Abstract
The invention relates to a potato impurity and soil removing machine based on a curve migration path, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The machine comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are supported at two ends of a machine frame, a rubber connecting belt with a finger-poking bar is arranged between the driving wheel and the driven wheel in a surrounding manner, and the rubber connecting belt is contacted with a impurity-removing vibration mechanism to form a conveying impurity-removing assembly; a group of brush rollers which are distributed in a staggered manner from front to back to form a potato wave-shaped fluctuation curve passing path are arranged above the rear section of the conveying impurity removing assembly, and adjacent brush rollers are opposite in rotation direction and different in rotation speed to form a brushing part; the upper part of the brushing part is at least provided with a floating plate which is positioned between adjacent brush rollers and has the elastic downward pressing trend, and the lower surface of the floating plate is distributed with thorn-shaped rubber fingers to form a brushing pressure-floating adjusting component; a group of roundabout inclined backwashing frames are arranged below the output end of the conveying impurity removing assembly, and a group of rubber finger shifting rollers are supported on the backwashing frames at intervals to form a backwashing assembly. The invention can obtain potatoes which meet the cleaning requirement and are convenient to store.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a potato impurity and soil removing machine, in particular to a potato impurity and soil removing machine based on a curve migration path, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
The potatoes grow underground, and tubers contain a large amount of soil and other impurities after being harvested, so impurity removal and soil removal operations are essential links of primary processing (making whole flour, starch, dried potatoes and the like), edible processing (making chips, noodles and the like) and deep processing (making adhesives, biodegradable materials, fine chemical raw materials and the like) of the potatoes, and the quality of the operation directly influences the quality of processed potato products.
According to the knowledge of the applicant, the current potato impurity and soil removing technology is mainly divided into two forms of dry cleaning and water washing. The dry cleaning does not use water, but completes the cleaning operation through a specific device and a mechanism, and can effectively avoid the potato cleaning and rotting caused by soaking. The potato dry cleaning is mainly applied to primary processing, and soil blocks, stones, seedling residues and floating soil on the surfaces of potatoes are removed during harvesting; the washing of the potatoes is matched with a specific device and a mechanism to finish the cleaning operation, and the potato washing machine is mainly applied to food processing and fine and further processing.
The existing potato cleaning machine mostly adopts a general type root cleaning machine, the machine is formed by arranging a plurality of brush rollers according to a certain shape, brushes materials are scrubbed by utilizing the friction force of the bristles on the brush rollers and the action of self centripetal force, and a high-pressure water spraying system is matched, so that the processing such as material cleaning, peeling and the like can be completed according to the requirement. However, with the implementation of the potato staple food grain strategy and the continuous increase of the planting area, the existing potato cleaning machine and cleaning method can not meet the requirements of the potato food processing production, the fine and deep processing production and the staple food grain strategy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: provides a potato impurity-removing soil-removing machine which can effectively remove soil attached to the surface of potatoes, soil blocks, broken stones, residual seedling roots and the like contained in materials and can ensure the storage resistance after cleaning, thereby meeting the requirements of the strategies of eating, deep processing and production and staple grain transformation of potatoes
In order to achieve the primary purpose, the basic technical scheme of the potato impurity and soil removing machine based on the curved migration path is as follows: the conveying impurity removing device comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are supported at two ends of a rack, wherein a rubber connecting belt with a finger-poking bar is arranged between the driving wheel and the driven wheel in a surrounding manner, and the rubber connecting belt is contacted with an impurity removing vibration mechanism to form a conveying impurity removing assembly;
a group of brush rollers which are distributed in a staggered manner from front to back to form a potato wave-shaped fluctuation passing path are arranged above the rear section of the conveying impurity removing assembly, and adjacent brush rollers are opposite in rotating direction and different in rotating speed to form a brushing part;
the upper part of the brushing part is at least provided with a floating plate which is positioned between adjacent brush rollers and has an elastic downward pressing trend, and the lower surface of the floating plate is distributed with thorn-shaped rubber fingers to form a brushing pressure-floating adjusting component;
and a group of roundabout and inclined backwashing frames are arranged below the output end of the conveying impurity removing assembly, and a group of rubber finger shifting rollers are supported on the backwashing frames at intervals to form a backwashing assembly.
After the harvested potatoes enter the conveying impurity removal assembly from the input end, large-particle impurities (broken stones, soil blocks, residual seedling roots and the like) in the potato materials are removed under the shaking conveying action of the rubber connecting belt. Then, the potatoes enter a brushing part, and soil impurities on the surfaces of the potatoes are effectively brushed away when the potatoes pass through a curved movement path formed by brush rollers with different heights, rotation directions and rotating speeds; in the process, the brushing pressure-floating adjusting assembly can flexibly press the potato materials downwards, so that the potato materials are prevented from popping up and the brushing of soil impurities is guaranteed. And then, the potatoes fall into the backwashing assembly from the output end of the conveying impurity removing assembly, in the process of circulating through the backwashing frame, the residual soil on the surfaces of the potatoes can be cleaned again by the rubber finger poking rollers which are collided and impacted by the potato materials and rotate in the circumferential direction, and finally the potatoes which meet the cleaning requirement and are convenient to store are output.
The invention is further perfected in that the brushing, pressing and floating adjusting component comprises a fixed block which is relatively fixedly connected with the rack, a vertical hollow rod is movably inserted into the fixed block, the lower end of the hollow rod is fixedly connected with a floating plate, the lower surface of the floating plate is provided with long and short rubber fingers which are distributed at intervals, a compression spring positioned between the fixed block and the floating plate is sleeved on the lower section of the hollow rod, a positioning strip which is welded on a cushion block of the fixed block is inserted into a middle seam of the upper section of the hollow rod, and a nut which is pressed on the positioning strip is screwed down at the top end of the hollow rod.
The invention is further perfected in that a material supply adjusting assembly is arranged above the front section of the conveying impurity removing assembly, the material supply adjusting assembly comprises a group of L-shaped rubber rods which are distributed at intervals along the width direction of the rubber connecting belt, and flexible licker-in rollers are distributed at intervals at the horizontal section of the L-shaped rubber rods and mainly used for controlling the supply of potato materials, ensuring that a single layer of potatoes enters the brushing part and preventing blockage.
The invention further perfects that a soil and impurity cleaning assembly is arranged below the conveying and impurity cleaning assembly, and the soil and impurity cleaning assembly is composed of an inclined impurity receiving plate supported on the beating vibration mechanism and has the function of receiving and collecting cleaned soil and impurities so that the soil and impurities fall into the soil and impurity collecting box.
It is a still further refinement of the present invention that the two ends of the brush roller are respectively supported by bearing end plates connected to the mounting plate by an elevation screw.
The invention is further perfected that the impurity-removing vibration mechanism comprises a vibration-driving rotating shaft supported on bearing plates at two ends, and the bearing plates are fixed on a height-adjusting plate fixedly connected with the frame through a pair of vertical screws; the drive vibration rotating shaft is axially and fixedly connected with a supporting plate extending in the radial direction, and two ends of the supporting plate are respectively supported with a vibration wheel.
The invention is still further perfected in that the middle part of the lower surface of the impurity receiving plate of the impurity cleaning assembly is connected with a sliding block hitting ball restrained on the vertical supporting slideway, and the sliding block hitting ball is positioned at the outer end of a connecting rod hinged with the eccentric disc.
In addition, the inlet side of the re-washing frame is provided with a spraying component consisting of a row of nozzles, so that the potatoes can be properly sprayed when needed, and the cleaning quality of the potatoes is further improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention (with the front bezel removed).
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the material supply adjusting assembly in the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the impurity removing and vibrating mechanism in the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the finger stick in the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the soil impurity removing assembly in the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the brushing member in the embodiment of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the brushing pressure-floating adjusting assembly in the embodiment of fig. 1.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the backwashing assembly in the embodiment of FIG. 1.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the embodiment of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Example one
The embodiment is a potato impurity-removing and soil-removing machine based on a curved migration path, the basic structure of which is shown in fig. 1, two ends of a frame 1 respectively support a driving wheel 2-1 and a driven wheel 2-2 driven by a main motor through chain transmission, and a rubber connecting belt 2-3 with a finger-moving bar is arranged between the driving wheel 2-1 and the driven wheel 2-2 in a surrounding manner to form a conveying impurity-removing assembly 2. The input end of the conveying impurity removing component 2 is provided with a material inlet 1-1, and the two sides are provided with baffles 1-2. Two material supply adjusting components 3 which are distributed at intervals are arranged above the front section of the conveying impurity removal component 2, and the lower part of the middle part of the upper layer of the rubber connecting belt 2-3 is contacted with an impurity removal vibration mechanism 4. A group of brush rollers 5-1 which are distributed in a staggered way in height are arranged above the rear section of the conveying impurity removing component 2 to form a brushing component 5. An impurity and soil cleaning component 9 is arranged below the conveying impurity and soil cleaning component 2. The upper part of the brushing part 5 is provided with two floating plates 6-1 which are positioned between the adjacent brush rollers 5-1 and have elastic downward pressing tendency, thus forming a brushing and pressing adjustment assembly 6. A group of roundabout and inclined re-washing frames 7-1 are arranged below the output end of the conveying impurity removing assembly 2 to form a re-washing assembly 7. The lower part of the backwashing component 7 is connected with a collecting box 8.
The material supply adjusting assembly 3 of the embodiment is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a positioning connecting plate 3-1 fixed on a frame 1, five L-shaped rubber rods 3-2 are distributed on the positioning connecting plate 3-1 at intervals along the width direction of the rubber connecting belt, three flexible rubber belt licker-in rollers 3-3 are distributed on the horizontal section of the L-shaped rubber rods 3-2 at intervals, and the flexible rubber belt licker-in rollers 3-3 are provided with radially extending roller licks distributed circumferentially. The L-shaped rubber rod can float up and down due to elastic deformation within a certain limit range when stressed, and mainly plays a role in controlling the supply of potato materials. Wherein, the front group of material supply adjusting components mainly control the initial feeding amount of the potato materials and ensure the proper supply of the materials; the latter group of material supply adjusting assemblies mainly control the feeding amount of potato materials entering the first-time curve transfer path brushing part, so that the single layer of potatoes is guaranteed to enter the first-time curve transfer path brushing part, the cleaning effect is improved, and blockage is prevented.
The impurity-removing vibration mechanism 4 of the embodiment is shown in fig. 3, and comprises a vibration-driving rotating shaft 4-1 supported on bearing plates 4-3 at two ends, wherein the bearing plates 4-3 are fixed on an elevation plate 4-4 fixedly connected with a frame 1 through a pair of vertical screws. The vibration driving rotating shaft 4-1 is in transmission connection with a vibration driving motor 4-2 through chain transmission, two axial positions are fixedly connected with radially extending support plates 4-6 respectively, and two ends of each support plate 4-6 are respectively supported with a vibration wheel 4-5. Therefore, when the vibration driving motor drives the vibration driving rotating shaft to rotate, the vibration wheel enables the conveying impurity removing assembly to vibrate intermittently, and the vertical position of the vibration driving rotating shaft can be adjusted through the vertical screw rod, so that the vibration amplitude is adjusted.
The finger-poking bars of the embodiment are distributed on the rubber connecting band 2-3 at equal intervals, as shown in fig. 4, the barbed rubber poking fingers 2-3.2 are distributed on the bar main body 2-3.1 at intervals, so that the material can be effectively protected from being damaged in the material conveying process, the function of shaking and conveying the material is completed, and the cleaning operation of large particle impurities is realized.
The soil impurity cleaning component 9 of the embodiment is shown in figure 5, the middle part of the lower surface of the inclined impurity receiving plate 9-2 is connected with a sliding block hitting ball 9-1 constrained on a vertical supporting slideway 9-3, and the sliding block hitting ball 9-1 is positioned at the outer end of a connecting rod 9-5 of a motor hinged through an eccentric disc 9-4. When the soil impurity collecting box works, soil impurities cleaned after operation of the conveying impurity removing part and the first-time curve moving path scrubbing part are collected and collected, the slider is used for beating the ball, and the slider is used for beating the impurity collecting plate circularly under the action of the motor, the eccentric disc and the connecting rod, so that the soil impurities can fall into the soil impurity collecting box at the lower part smoothly.
The brushing part 5 of the embodiment comprises a group of four brush rollers 5-1 which are distributed in a staggered manner in the front and back direction, as shown in fig. 6, two ends of each brush roller 5-1 are respectively supported by bearing end plates 5-4 which are connected to a mounting plate 5-2 through height adjusting screws 5-3, and the mounting plate 5-2 is fixedly connected with a frame 1. The brush roller can reasonably adjust the height dislocation degree through the height adjusting screw rod 5-3 and the mounting plate 5-2 so as to meet the requirements of potato materials with different specifications and sizes. The first brush roller and the third brush roller are connected through chain transmission, and the rotating direction is anticlockwise; the second brush roll is connected with the fourth brush roll through chain transmission, and the rotating direction is instantaneous; the rotating speeds of the second brush roller and the fourth brush roller are higher than the rotating speeds of the first brush roller and the third brush roller due to the fact that the second brush roller and the fourth brush roller are respectively driven by corresponding motors, and a speed difference is formed. The structure of the high-low reverse differential rotating brush is formed by the different characteristics of the high position and the low position, the rotation direction and the rotating speed of the adjacent brush rolls, namely the first curve transfer brushing of the potato materials based on the curve transfer path is formed, soil impurities on the surfaces of potatoes can be effectively brushed, and meanwhile, the damage to the potatoes can be reduced to the maximum extent by the uniformly distributed soft long hairs on the brush rolls.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the brushing floating-pressing adjusting assembly 6 of this embodiment, a vertical hollow rod 6-7 is movably inserted into a fixed block 6-5 fixedly connected to a frame 1, the lower end of the hollow rod 6-7 is fixedly connected to a floating plate 6-1 having long and short rubber fingers 6-8 distributed at intervals on the lower surface, a compression spring 6-6 located between the fixed block 6-5 and the floating plate 6-1 is sleeved on the lower section of the hollow rod 6-7, a positioning strip 6-3 on a cushion block 6-4 welded to the fixed block 6-5 is inserted into a middle seam of the upper section of the hollow rod 6-7, and a nut 6-2 screwed down on the positioning strip 6-3 is screwed on the top end of the hollow rod 6-7. The two brushing, pressing and floating adjusting assemblies 6 are respectively positioned between the first brush roller, the second brush roller, the third brush roller and the fourth brush roller, have elastic pressing tendency, can be self-adapted to the size of the material to float up and down through the compression spring and the hollow rod, prevent the potato material from popping out, and meanwhile, the long and short rubber fingers below the floating plate can flexibly press the potato material to ensure the stable and smooth conveying of the potato material.
The backwashing assembly 7 of this embodiment comprises a group of four circuitous inclined backwashing frames 7-1 as shown in fig. 8, a spraying component consisting of a row of nozzles 7-3 is arranged at the inlet side of each backwashing frame 7-1, and can spray properly when needed, a group of six rubber finger-poking rollers 7-2 are supported at intervals in the backwashing frame 7-1, and each rubber finger-poking roller consists of four-corner finger-poking rods and thorn-shaped rubber fingers, so that passive circumferential rotation can be realized when the potato materials collide and impact, and the residual soil and impurities on the surfaces of the potatoes are further cleaned.
During operation, as shown in fig. 8, the potato materials move to the upper surface of the second brush roll and then fall under the action of the first brush roll; and then, under the action of the third brush roller, the brush roller continuously moves to the upper surface of the fourth brush roller and then falls down to finish the first-time curve moving path brushing. And then, the potato materials sequentially fall into the four circuitous re-washing baskets, so that the re-washing operation of a second-time curve migration path is realized. Meanwhile, the potato washing machine can realize the washing of potato materials during the second washing operation based on the curve migration path under the spraying effect of the re-washing basket according to the requirement, and improves the washing effect. The first three re-washing baskets have bottom plates, and the fourth re-washing basket has no bottom plate, so that the re-washing baskets are more favorable for soil sundries to fall into the collecting box.
Experiments show that the present embodiment has the following significant advantages:
1. aiming at the characteristics of soil and impurities contained in the harvested potatoes, a vibration-conveying combined structure is adopted to remove large-particle impurities such as soil blocks, stones, residual seedling roots and stems contained in the materials, then the soil on the surfaces of the potatoes is cleaned twice based on a curve migration path, and the omnibearing flexible circumferential cleaning operation of the potato materials is realized by twice curve migration path cleaning processes in the horizontal direction and the subsequent vertical direction, so that the cleaning effect is obviously improved.
2. The dry impurity and soil removing operation after the potato materials are harvested can be realized, the problems of rot, intolerance to storage and the like caused by washing operation are avoided, the key parts are all of flexible rubber structures, the cleaning effect is guaranteed, and the damage to the potatoes is reduced to the maximum extent.
3. When necessary, the spraying component can be optionally matched and used in the cleaning process of the second-time curve migration path, so that the dry-wet combined cleaning operation of the potato materials is realized, and the eating and deep processing production requirements of the potatoes are met.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A potato impurity-removing and soil-removing machine based on a curved migration path comprises a driving wheel and a driven wheel which are supported at two ends of a rack, wherein a rubber connecting belt with a shifting finger rod is arranged between the driving wheel and the driven wheel in a surrounding mode, and the rubber connecting belt is in contact with an impurity-removing vibration mechanism to form a conveying impurity-removing assembly; the method is characterized in that:
a group of brush rollers which are distributed in a staggered manner from front to back to form a potato wave-shaped fluctuation curve passing path are arranged above the rear section of the conveying impurity removing assembly, and adjacent brush rollers are opposite in rotating direction and different in rotating speed to form a brushing part;
the upper part of the brushing part is at least provided with a floating plate which is positioned between adjacent brush rollers and has an elastic downward pressing trend, and the lower surface of the floating plate is distributed with thorn-shaped rubber fingers to form a brushing pressure-floating adjusting component;
and a group of roundabout and inclined backwashing frames are arranged below the output end of the conveying impurity removing assembly, and a group of rubber finger shifting rollers are supported on the backwashing frames at intervals to form a backwashing assembly.
2. The curved path-based potato impurity and soil removing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the scrubbing and pressing floating adjusting assembly is characterized in that a fixed block fixedly connected with the rack relatively is contained, a vertical hollow rod is movably inserted into the fixed block, the lower end of the hollow rod is fixedly connected with a floating plate with interval distribution long and short rubber fingers on the lower surface, a compression spring between the fixed block and the floating plate is sleeved on the lower section of the hollow rod, a positioning strip welded on a cushion block of the fixed block is inserted into an upper section middle seam of the hollow rod, and a nut pressed on the positioning strip is screwed down at the top end of the hollow rod.
3. The curved path-based potato impurity and soil removing machine according to claim 2, wherein: the material feeding and adjusting assembly is arranged above the front section of the conveying impurity removing assembly and comprises a group of L-shaped rubber rods distributed at intervals along the width direction of the rubber connecting belt, and flexible licker-in rollers are distributed at intervals at the horizontal sections of the L-shaped rubber rods.
4. The curved path-based potato impurity and soil removing machine according to claim 3, wherein: and the soil and impurity cleaning assembly is arranged below the conveying and impurity cleaning assembly and consists of an inclined impurity receiving plate supported on the beating vibration mechanism.
5. The curved path-based potato impurity and soil removing machine according to claim 4, wherein: the two ends of the brush roller are respectively supported by bearing end plates connected to the mounting plate through heightening screws.
6. The curved path-based potato impurity and soil removing machine according to claim 5, wherein: the impurity removing vibration mechanism comprises a vibration driving rotating shaft supported on bearing plates at two ends, and the bearing plates are fixed on a height adjusting plate fixedly connected with the rack through a pair of vertical screw rods; the drive vibration rotating shaft is axially and fixedly connected with a supporting plate extending in the radial direction, and two ends of the supporting plate are respectively supported with a vibration wheel.
7. The curved path-based potato impurity and soil removing machine according to claim 6, wherein: the lower surface middle part of the impurity receiving plate of the impurity removing assembly is connected with a sliding block hitting ball constrained on the vertical supporting slideway, and the sliding block hitting ball is located at the outer end of a connecting rod hinged with the eccentric disc.
8. A potato impurity and soil removing machine based on a curved moving path according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the inlet side of the re-washing frame is provided with a spraying component consisting of a row of nozzles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011428282.7A CN112535304B (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Potato impurity-removing and soil-removing machine based on curve migration path |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011428282.7A CN112535304B (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Potato impurity-removing and soil-removing machine based on curve migration path |
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| CN112535304A true CN112535304A (en) | 2021-03-23 |
| CN112535304B CN112535304B (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114377179A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-22 | 山东中联普惠智能装备有限公司 | Automatic basket hanging and basket releasing integrated device for sterilization basket |
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| KR20110114124A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-10-19 | 지엔코(주) | Automatic washing apparatus for red peppers |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114377179A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-22 | 山东中联普惠智能装备有限公司 | Automatic basket hanging and basket releasing integrated device for sterilization basket |
| CN114377179B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2024-04-05 | 山东中联普惠智能装备有限公司 | Automatic basket hanging and basket removing integrated device for sterilization basket |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112535304B (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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