CN112523162A - Assembled revetment and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembled revetment, which comprises a pile foundation inserted into soil, wherein a pile head is arranged at the top of the pile foundation, a groove is formed in the side part of the pile head, a bracket is arranged at the bottom of the pile head, an opening matched with the pile head is formed in a prefabricated bottom plate, an upward extending vertical baffle is arranged at one side of the prefabricated bottom plate, a downward extending lower vertical plate is arranged at the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate, the prefabricated bottom plate is horizontally placed, the reserved opening penetrates through the pile foundation, the lower vertical plate is tightly attached to the pile foundation and inserted into the soil, the prefabricated bottom plate is erected above the bracket of the pile foundation, the pile head extends out of the prefabricated bottom plate, fasteners are arranged at the groove positions on two sides of the pile head, tenons of the fasteners are tightly attached to the groove on the side part of the pile head, the bottoms of the fasteners are abutted. The assembled revetment structure is reliable, the members can be orderly dismantled according to requirements, waste concrete is not left in the soil body, and the influence on ecology is reduced.

Description

Assembled revetment and construction method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of river engineering construction, and discloses an assembled revetment and a construction method.

Background

The construction of bank protection projects on a river course often encounters the problems that the height difference between a riverbed and a rear land area is large, the slope space is small, a vertical type bank protection section or a combined type bank protection section needs to be constructed, a vertical type bank protection structure is constructed on a muddy foundation with relatively poor mechanical indexes, and foundation treatment or a deep foundation structure needs to be adopted to meet the requirement of ensuring the safety and stability of the structure.

Conventional vertical type shore protection or combined type shore protection have gravity type retaining wall structure, pile foundation cushion cap retaining wall structure etc. and are deep at silt, newly-built gravity type retaining wall structure on the relatively poor ground of foundation bearing capacity, need carry out ground processing on a large scale, compare pile foundation formula structure and be uneconomic. The conventional pile foundation bearing platform retaining wall construction usually needs cast-in-place concrete members below the water level elevation, the construction interface is large, the construction period is long, and a cofferdam needs to be filled to occupy a river channel for a long time. The functions of river navigation, flood transportation and the like are influenced. Therefore, it is urgently needed to find an assembled revetment suitable for poor geological conditions and a construction method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an assembled revetment and a construction method, which overcome the limitation of the application of a conventional revetment form on a poor foundation river channel and realize the industrialized construction of river channel revetment engineering. And the component recovery can be realized when the river bank protection is reconstructed again.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an assembled shore protection, includes the pile foundation that inserts in the soil, its characterized in that: pile foundation top is equipped with the pile head, the pile head lateral part is equipped with the recess, the pile head bottom is equipped with the bracket, set up on the prefabricated bottom plate with pile head complex reservation trompil, one side of prefabricated bottom plate is equipped with the vertical baffle that upwards extends, the prefabricated bottom plate opposite side is equipped with downwardly extending's lower part riser, the prefabricated bottom plate level is placed, reservation trompil on the prefabricated bottom plate passes the pile foundation, the pile foundation is hugged closely to the lower part riser and is inserted in the soil, prefabricated bottom plate frame is on the pile foundation bracket, the pile head stretches out to prefabricated bottom plate top, pile head both sides recess position installation fastener, fastener tenon and the inseparable laminating of pile head lateral part recess, the fastener bottom offsets with the bottom plate, pile head external member cover is peripheral at pile head and fastener, make the three form wholly, die the pile head lock on.

Furthermore, the pile foundation adopts a prefabricated square pile, the cross section of the prefabricated square pile is 300mm x 300mm, the bracket of the pile foundation is 600mm away from the pile top, the height is 400mm, the width is 100mm, the groove at the side part of the pile head is 100mm in height and 50mm in depth; the fastener is L-shaped, the height is 200mm, the top width is 100mm, the bottom width is 150mm, and the fastener tenon is formed at the lower part of the fastener; the middle part of the pile head sleeve is provided with a square hole, and the side thickness of the square hole is 50 mm; the prefabricated bottom plate is 3m long, 0.9m wide and 400mm high, the lower part vertical plate is 1m long and 200mm thick, the vertical baffle is 0.5m long and 200mm thick, the reserved opening distance is 1m, and the opening side length is 350 mm.

Furthermore, cohesive soil is backfilled above the prefabricated bottom plate to form a side slope, the vertical baffle of the prefabricated bottom plate forms a retaining wall, turf protection is planted on the side slope above the retaining wall, and emergent aquatic plants are planted on the front beach surface of the retaining wall.

Furthermore, the fabricated revetment is suitable for a river channel with rear land area elevation higher than the designed high water level of the river channel.

The vertical baffle plate plays a main role in retaining soil, and the pile foundation plays a bearing capacity to bear upper load.

A construction method of an assembled revetment is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. manufacturing a pile foundation, a prefabricated bottom plate, a fastener and a pile head external member, wherein the pile foundation top is provided with a pile head, the side part of the pile head is provided with a groove, the bottom of the pile head is provided with a bracket, the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with an opening matched with the pile head, one side of the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with an upward extending vertical baffle, the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with a downward extending lower vertical plate, the fastener is provided with a fastener tenon matched with the groove at the side part of the pile head, and the pile head external member is provided with a square hole matched with the;

B. the pile foundation is driven into the soil according to the designed pile position and elevation, and the orientation of the pile foundation is ensured to be consistent with the opening of the standard prefabricated base plate;

C. excavating and leveling a foundation trench, horizontally placing a prefabricated bottom plate, reserving a hole to penetrate through a pile foundation, inserting a lower vertical plate tightly attached to the pile foundation into the soil, erecting the prefabricated bottom plate on a bracket of the pile foundation, and extending a pile head to the position above the prefabricated bottom plate;

D. fasteners are arranged at the groove positions on the two sides of the pile head, the tenon of each fastener is tightly attached to the groove on the side part of the pile head, the bottom of each fastener is abutted against the bottom plate, and the pile head sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the pile head and the fasteners to enable the pile head sleeve, the pile head sleeve and the fasteners to form a whole, so that the pile head is locked on the bottom plate;

E. and (3) backfilling cohesive soil above the prefabricated bottom plate to form a side slope, forming a retaining wall by the vertical baffle of the prefabricated bottom plate, planting a turf protection slope on the side slope above, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the front beach surface of the retaining wall.

Furthermore, when the river bank protection needs to be reconstructed again in the future, the bank protection member can be orderly dismantled, and waste concrete is not left in the soil body.

All components of the invention are prefabricated by factory standards, and several different specifications are set according to different engineering conditions. And after the prefabrication in the factory is finished and the design strength is reached, the steel plate is transported to the field for installation. Squeeze into appointed position with the pile foundation according to the pile position and the elevation that design is good, guarantee that the orientation of pile foundation is unanimous with the trompil of standard prefabricated bottom plate, the foundation ditch excavation carries out the flattening, places the bottom plate level, reserves the trompil and passes the pile foundation, during the pile foundation inserts soil is hugged closely to the afterbody, the bottom plate frame was on the pile foundation bracket, the vertical baffle of prefabricated bottom plate undertakes main fender soil effect, the pile foundation performance bearing capacity undertakes the upper portion load. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the assembled revetment is assembled by standard prefabricated pile foundation external member and prefabricated bottom plate and forms, adopts effective connection, can reach the requirement of retaining soil and bearing capacity, and structure safe and reliable.

2. The structure form is small, and disturbance to the bank slope of the natural river is reduced while the soil body behind the wall is kept stable; meanwhile, the layered planting is suitable for greening under different water level conditions, and has good ecological and landscape effects.

3. The whole revetment project is formed by assembling each component, can set up the barricade of different heights in order to adapt to the high requirement of different retaining soil.

4. When the river bank protection needs to be reformed again in future, the current bank protection member can be orderly dismantled, waste concrete is not left in the soil body, and the influence on ecology is reduced.

5. The bank protection member is prefabricated by adopting factory standards, and large-scale production is realized. The method has the advantages of low cost, good universality, capability of completely avoiding the construction steps of cast-in-place concrete on site, shortening the construction period on site, good construction quality and less environmental influence.

6. The bank protection member is installed on site without strict dry land construction conditions, and can even be constructed underwater, so that the influence on river channel shipping and flood discharge caused by long-time occupation of a river channel by a filled cofferdam is avoided.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fabricated revetment and method of construction of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an assembled view of a square pile element assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a pile foundation according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the fastener of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the pile head kit according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a diagram of the pile placement on a standard prefabricated floor in accordance with the present invention.

In the figure: 1-pile foundation; 2-a fastener; 3-pile head kit; 4-prefabricating a bottom plate; 5-opening a hole on the bottom plate; 6-grass planting slope protection; 7-emergent aquatic plants; 8-riverbed side slopes; 9-bracket.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be more clearly and completely described in the following description of preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. . These embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The utility model provides an assembled shore protection, includes pile foundation 1 that inserts in the soil, its characterized in that: pile foundation 1 top is equipped with the pile head, the pile head lateral part is equipped with the recess, the pile head bottom is equipped with bracket 9, set up on prefabricated bottom plate 4 with pile head complex bottom plate trompil 5, one side of prefabricated bottom plate 4 is equipped with the vertical baffle that upwards extends, the prefabricated bottom plate opposite side is equipped with downwardly extending's lower part riser, the prefabricated bottom plate level is placed, reserve the trompil and pass the pile foundation, the lower part riser is hugged closely the pile foundation and is inserted in the soil, prefabricated bottom plate frame is on the pile foundation bracket, the pile head stretches out to prefabricated bottom plate top, pile head both sides groove position installation fastener, fastener tenon and the inseparable laminating of pile head lateral part recess, the fastener bottom offsets with the bottom plate, pile head external member cover is peripheral at pile head and fastener, make the three form wholly, die on the bottom plate with the pile.

The present invention is described in detail below according to one embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a bank protection project is newly built on a river channel, and in order to meet the requirements of bearing capacity and overall stability, a low pile cap bank protection structure is often adopted. Carrying out slope-releasing excavation on the riverbed side slope 8, excavating a foundation trench, sinking piles by adopting a vibration pile sinking method, driving the standard prefabricated square piles 1 into a set elevation and a plane pile position, and sinking to a bracket position to be combined with manual local excavation and sinking. The standard prefabricated bottom plate 4 is lifted and installed, the lower bottom plate hole 9 penetrates through the pile head frame on the bracket under the assistance of constructors, and the tail part is tightly attached to the pile foundation and inserted into the soil. And installing standard precast pile head fasteners 2 and standard precast pile head external members 3 to effectively connect the pile foundation 1 and the base plate 4. And backfilling the soil behind the wall. And (3) arranging slopes in front of and behind the retaining wall, planting turf protection slopes 6 on the side slope above the retaining wall, and planting emergent aquatic plants 7 on the beach surface in front of the wall.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the fabricated low pile cap revetment components are completely prefabricated using factory standards and assembled on site without the need for cast-in-place concrete on site. The size of the pile foundation 1 is 300 x 300, the pile length is designed according to geological conditions, the distance between a pile foundation bracket and a pile top is 600mm, the height is 400mm, the width is 100mm, the height of a groove of the pile top is 100mm, and the depth is 50 mm. The fastener 2 is L-shaped, the height is 200mm, the top width is 100mm, the bottom width is 150mm, and the lower part of the fastener forms a fastener tenon. The middle part of the pile head external member 3 is provided with a square hole, and the side thickness is 50 mm. The prefabricated bottom plate 4 is 3m long, 0.9m wide and 400mm high, the lower part vertical plate is 1m long and 200mm thick, the vertical baffle is 0.5m long and 200mm thick, 5 intervals of reserved holes are 1m, and the side length of the holes is 350 mm. The reinforcing bars of the standard prefabricated parts all need to meet the strength requirement.

The construction method of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) survey lofting

Determining the arrangement position of a revetment structure on a riverway side slope according to the design requirements and the plane position of a drawing, determining the excavation range and elevation of the side slope on the basis of the arrangement position, and marking lines;

(2) excavation of foundation trench

Firstly, slope releasing and excavating are carried out on the side slope of the river channel, and a construction interface is created. The excavation method adopts layered excavation, and is carried out by a 0.5m3 backhoe excavator with a 5-ton dump truck, and earthwork is transported to a designated area. And leveling the foundation trench to ensure that the excavation elevation is accurate. The structure construction does not need cast-in-place concrete, and a small amount of water can be allowed to enter the foundation trench, so that a cofferdam does not need to be filled;

(3) standard prefabricated pile foundation construction

Selecting standard prefabricated square piles with reasonable sizes according to the bearing capacity requirement and the integral stability requirement of the side slope, sinking the piles by adopting a vibration pile sinking method under the condition of a deep sludge foundation, strictly controlling the driving elevation and the plane position of a pile foundation, and sinking the piles to a bracket position by combining manual local excavation and sinking to a specified elevation;

(4) construction of standard prefabricated bottom plate

And (3) conveying the standard prefabricated base plate to a construction site for hoisting and installation, hoisting the base plate in place, making the opening of the lower base plate penetrate through the pile head frame on the bracket under the assistance of constructors, and inserting the tail part of the lower base plate into the soil by clinging to the pile foundation. Installing standard prefabricated pile head fasteners and standard prefabricated pile head kits to effectively connect the pile foundation and the base plate;

(5) slope management and greening planting

And the cohesive soil is backfilled behind the wall to meet the design requirement. And (5) arranging slopes in front of and behind the retaining wall, and planting suitable greening.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides an assembled shore protection, includes the pile foundation that inserts in the soil, its characterized in that: pile foundation top is equipped with the pile head, the pile head lateral part is equipped with the recess, the pile head bottom is equipped with the bracket, set up on the prefabricated bottom plate with pile head complex reservation trompil, one side of prefabricated bottom plate is equipped with the vertical baffle that upwards extends, the prefabricated bottom plate opposite side is equipped with downwardly extending's lower part riser, the prefabricated bottom plate level is placed, reservation trompil on the prefabricated bottom plate passes the pile foundation, the pile foundation is hugged closely to the lower part riser and is inserted in the soil, prefabricated bottom plate frame is on the pile foundation bracket, the pile head stretches out to prefabricated bottom plate top, pile head both sides recess position installation fastener, fastener tenon and the inseparable laminating of pile head lateral part recess, the fastener bottom offsets with the bottom plate, pile head external member cover is peripheral at pile head and fastener, make the three form wholly, die the pile head lock on.

2. The fabricated revetment according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) backfilling cohesive soil above the prefabricated bottom plate to form a side slope, forming a retaining wall by the vertical baffle of the prefabricated bottom plate, planting a turf protection slope on the side slope above, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the front beach surface of the retaining wall.

3. The fabricated revetment according to claim 1, wherein: the fabricated revetment is suitable for river channels with rear land areas with elevations higher than the designed high water level of the river channels.

4. The fabricated revetment according to claim 1, wherein: the pile foundation adopts a prefabricated square pile, the cross section of the prefabricated square pile is 300 mm-300 mm, the bracket of the pile foundation is 600mm away from the pile top, the height is 400mm, the width is 100mm, the groove at the side part of the pile head is 100mm high, and the depth is 50 mm; the fastener is L-shaped, the height is 200mm, the top width is 100mm, the bottom width is 150mm, and the fastener tenon is formed at the lower part of the fastener; the middle part of the pile head sleeve is provided with a square hole, and the side thickness of the square hole is 50 mm; the prefabricated bottom plate is 3m long, 0.9m wide and 400mm high, the lower part vertical plate is 1m long and 200mm thick, the vertical baffle is 0.5m long and 200mm thick, the reserved opening distance is 1m, and the opening side length is 350 mm.

5. A construction method of an assembled revetment is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. manufacturing a pile foundation, a prefabricated bottom plate, a fastener and a pile head external member, wherein the pile foundation top is provided with a pile head, the side part of the pile head is provided with a groove, the bottom of the pile head is provided with a bracket, the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with an opening matched with the pile head, one side of the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with an upward extending vertical baffle, the other side of the prefabricated bottom plate is provided with a downward extending lower vertical plate, the fastener is provided with a fastener tenon matched with the groove at the side part of the pile head, and the pile head external member is provided with a square hole matched with the;

B. the pile foundation is driven into the soil according to the designed pile position and elevation, and the orientation of the pile foundation is ensured to be consistent with the opening of the standard prefabricated base plate;

C. excavating and leveling a foundation trench, horizontally placing a prefabricated bottom plate, reserving a hole to penetrate through a pile foundation, inserting a lower vertical plate tightly attached to the pile foundation into the soil, erecting the prefabricated bottom plate on a bracket of the pile foundation, and extending a pile head to the position above the prefabricated bottom plate;

D. fasteners are arranged at the groove positions on the two sides of the pile head, the tenon of each fastener is tightly attached to the groove on the side part of the pile head, the bottom of each fastener is abutted against the bottom plate, and the pile head sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the pile head and the fasteners to enable the pile head sleeve, the pile head sleeve and the fasteners to form a whole, so that the pile head is locked on the bottom plate;

E. and (3) backfilling cohesive soil above the prefabricated bottom plate to form a side slope, forming a retaining wall by the vertical baffle of the prefabricated bottom plate, planting a turf protection slope on the side slope above, and planting emergent aquatic plants on the front beach surface of the retaining wall.

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