CN112516782A

CN112516782A - Dry-type deacidification dust collector of flue gas

Info

Publication number: CN112516782A
Application number: CN202011583236.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李庄; 袁国清; 李金林; 茹瑞英; 付璐婧; 王超; 李晓帆; 韩宗谭; 陶贤文; 曾晟
Original assignee: Beijing Dwell Petroleum & Gas Technology Development Co ltd; China National Petroleum Corp; China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corp; China National Petroleum Corp Engineering Design Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Dwell Petroleum & Gas Technology Development Co ltd; China National Petroleum Corp; China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corp; China National Petroleum Corp Engineering Design Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-28
Filing date: 2020-12-28
Publication date: 2021-03-19

Abstract

The application discloses a dry-type flue gas deacidification and dust removal device, which comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an ash collecting device, wherein the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the top end of the outer cylinder is connected with the side wall of the inner cylinder; an annular space formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is communicated with a space inside the inner cylinder through the bottom end of the inner cylinder and the bottom end of the outer cylinder; the inner cylinder positioned outside the outer cylinder is provided with a gas inlet and a dosing port; the ash collecting device is positioned at the lower end of the outer barrel, and a closed space is formed by the ash collecting device and the outer barrel; the air outlet of the outer barrel is arranged above the bottom end of the inner barrel; and a dust removal filter bag is arranged in the annular space, and gas entering from the gas inlet passes through the dust removal filter bag and then is discharged from the air outlet. This application arranges through integration, divides the chamber design and imports and exports through unique inner structure and arranges the position, changes the gas flow direction, realizes even gas distribution, and the flow is short, and equipment is few, and is efficient, and dust removal effect is good.

Description

Dry-type deacidification dust collector of flue gas

Technical Field

The document relates to but is not limited to a flue gas dedusting and deacidifying technology, in particular to but not limited to a flue gas dry type deacidifying and dedusting device.

Background

In the flue gas purification process combining semidry deacidification, activated carbon adsorption and bag type dust collector, a dry reaction tower is deacidification equipment for reaction of slaked lime and acid gas, and the bag type dust collector is not only incineration fly ash removing equipment, but also a reactor for deacidification and activated carbon adsorption of dioxin and heavy metal and reaction product collecting equipment, and plays a key role in a solid waste incineration flue gas purification system.

After the neutralizing agent, the active carbon and the fly ash remained in the semi-dry deacidification reaction enter a bag type dust collector, the neutralizing agent, the active carbon and the fly ash are attached to the surface of a filter bag and continuously perform physical and chemical adsorption reaction with acidic gas, heavy metal pollutants and organic pollutants in the smoke. The filtering speed of the bag type dust collector is generally controlled below 1m/min, and a larger filtering area provides a larger reaction bed and reaction contact time.

In view of the characteristic that dioxin, furan, other organic pollutants, heavy metals and the like have the tendency to be combined with fine particles in smoke, incineration fly ash, active carbon for adsorbing the organic pollutants and the heavy metals and semidry deacidification products are hazardous wastes, bag type dust removal has high-efficiency filtering performance and functions as deacidification and pollutant adsorption reactors, and the bag type dust removal becomes the most important and final control means for controlling the pollution of a solid waste incineration system. As long as the discharge standard of the dust removal filter chamber is controlled and the dust discharge is controlled, the dioxin, furan and heavy metals can be more effectively controlled.

In the prior art, the purification process flow of the dry reaction tower and the bag type dust collector connected in series is longer, the investment is higher, and the operation and maintenance workload is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

The application provides a flue gas dry-type deacidification dust removal integration equipment changes integration equipment inner structure and divides the chamber design, changes the flue gas and imports and exports the position, has replaced traditional dry-type reaction tower and bag filter.

The equipment provided by the application is suitable for the removal project of acid substances and dust of the gas discharged by industrial combustion.

The application provides a dry-type flue gas deacidification and dust removal device which comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an ash collecting device, wherein the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the top end of the outer cylinder is connected with the side wall of the inner cylinder;

an annular space formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is communicated with a space inside the inner cylinder through the bottom end of the inner cylinder and the bottom end of the outer cylinder;

the inner cylinder positioned outside the outer cylinder is provided with a gas inlet and a dosing port;

the ash collecting device is positioned at the lower end of the outer barrel, and a closed space is formed by the ash collecting device and the outer barrel;

the air outlet of the outer barrel is arranged above the bottom end of the inner barrel;

and a dust removal filter bag is arranged in the annular space, and gas entering from the gas inlet passes through the dust removal filter bag and then is discharged from the air outlet.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the centerlines of the inner and outer barrels are collinear.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the annular space is divided into an air-purifying chamber and a dust-removing filter chamber, and the air-purifying chamber and the dust-removing filter chamber are communicated through the dust-removing filter bag.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the air outlet is located in the air-purifying chamber; the dust removal filtering chamber is communicated with an ash collecting chamber in the ash collecting device and is communicated with the space in the inner cylinder;

in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the air purging chamber is located above the dust removal and filtration chamber.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the gas inlet is located at an upper portion of the dosing port.

In an embodiment disclosed in the present application, the medicine feeding port is provided with a nozzle, and the medicine passes through even blowout behind the nozzle, with the gaseous abundant contact that the gas inlet got into.

In one embodiment disclosed herein, the agent is selected from any one or both of slaked lime and activated carbon.

In an embodiment disclosed in the present application, the dust collecting device is provided with a dust outlet and an ash discharging valve, the dust outlet is located at the bottommost end of the dust collecting device, and the ash discharging valve controls the opening or closing of the dust outlet.

In one embodiment disclosed herein, the air-purging chamber and the dust-removing filtering chamber are separated by a partition;

the partition board is provided with a filter bag frame, the dust removal filter bag is sleeved on the filter bag frame, and the filter bag frame extends towards the dust removal filter chamber.

In one embodiment disclosed in the present application, an injection tube is disposed above the dust-removing filter bag in the clean air chamber; optionally, the holes of the injection pipe blow out gas, a venturi is arranged below the holes and arranged above the dust filter bag, and optionally, the injection pipe is connected with an air bag which is configured to store compressed air, so that the air pressure for supplying the injection pipe with gas is stable;

the venturis induce the ambient air which is several times of the primary air to enter the dust-removing filter bags, and the venturis and the dust-removing filter bags are in one-to-one correspondence.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the blowing pipe is configured to blow gas into the dust filter bag, so that the attachments on the surface of the dust filter bag in the dust filter chamber fall off.

In one embodiment disclosed in the application, the injection pipes are uniformly arranged at the top of the dust removal and filtration chamber, and the electromagnetic pulse valve and the air bag are arranged outside the equipment.

The injection pipe is used for injecting gas to the dust-removing filter bag, so that attachments on the surface of the dust-removing filter bag in the dust-removing filter chamber fall off.

In an embodiment disclosed in the application, the device further comprises auxiliary functional equipment including a slaked lime storage bin, a slaked lime unloading and blowing device, a purified flue gas induced draft fan and the like.

Compared with the common process flow, the novel flue gas deacidification and dust removal integrated equipment has the following advantages:

1. the dry-type flue gas deacidification and dust removal device is integrally arranged, the flow direction of gas is changed through the unique cavity design of the internal structure and the arrangement positions of an inlet and an outlet, the uniform gas distribution is realized, the flow is short, the equipment is less, the investment is low, the occupied area is reduced, and the operation and maintenance requirements are low; deacidification and dust filtration are realized in the same equipment, so that the efficiency is high and the dust removal effect is good;

2. the dry deacidification reaction center chamber and the dust removal filter are divided into two part areas with communicated bottoms through the inner cylinder. The flue gas enters the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber from the top of the equipment, is buffered therein, is uniformly distributed after being diffused in the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber (namely the inner part of the inner cylinder), and enters a filter chamber (a dust removal filter chamber), so that the flue gas has a uniform gas distribution function. The gas uniformly passes through the dust removal filter bags arranged at different positions in the filter chamber, the surface filtering load of the dust removal filter bags is uniform, the service life is prolonged, the replacement time is prolonged, and the replacement cost of the filter bags is reduced.

3. The dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber is integrated with the dedusting and filtering chamber, when smoke passes through the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber, the route is short, the heat dissipation capacity is small, the temperature is easy to control, the smoke can be prevented from dewing, and the service life of the filter bag is prolonged.

4. The sprayed dry powder directly enters the dry type deacidification reaction central chamber, the dry powder operation channel is short, the sedimentation is less, and the utilization rate is high.

5. The deacidification and dust removal integrated equipment only needs to be provided with one dust collecting chamber, and meanwhile, dust in the dry-type deacidification reaction center chamber and the dust removal filtering chamber is collected, so that the dust collecting effect is better, the collection point of ash and slag is single, and the risk of secondary pollution is reduced.

Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the present application may be realized and attained by the invention in its aspects as described in the specification.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the examples serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated dry deacidification and dedusting apparatus of the present technology;

FIG. 1-1 is a schematic view of the connection between the dust-removing filter structure and the air-purifying chamber in FIG. 1;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a conventional flue gas dry deacidification and bag house dust removal process;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dry reaction column 21 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the dust removal filter arrangement 24 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4-1 is a schematic view of the connection between the dust-removing filter structure and the air-purifying chamber in FIG. 4.

The reference numbers are as follows: 1. a gas inlet; 2. a medicine adding port; 3. a blowing pipe; 4. an electromagnetic pulse valve; 5. air bags; 6. a dust removal filter bag; 7. a filter bag frame; 8. the direction of the flue gas; 9. a dust collecting device; 10. a dust outlet; 11. an ash discharge valve; 12. an inspection door; 13. a dust removal and filtration chamber; 14. a venturi; 15. a gas purifying chamber; 16. an air outlet; 17. a dry deacidification reaction central chamber; 21. a dry reaction tower; 221. a first dust collecting chamber; 231. a first ash discharge valve; 261. a first Roots blower; 271. a first unloader; 24. a dust removal filter structure; 222. a second dust collecting chamber; 232 a second ash discharge valve; 262. a second Roots blower; 272. a second unloader; 28. a lime nitrate tank; 29. an activated carbon tank; 211. an incineration flue gas inlet; 212. a dust outlet; 216. a flue gas outlet; 217. a slaked lime dosing port; 241. a flue gas inlet; 242. an active carbon dosing port.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

The embodiment of the application provides a dry-type flue gas deacidification and dust removal device, which comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an ash collecting device, wherein the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the top end of the outer cylinder is connected with the side wall of the inner cylinder;

the inner cylinder positioned outside the outer cylinder is provided with a gas inlet 1 and a dosing port 2;

the ash collecting device 9 is positioned at the lower end of the outer cylinder, and the ash collecting device 9 and the outer cylinder form a closed space;

the air outlet 16 of the outer barrel is arranged above the bottom end of the inner barrel;

the annular space is internally provided with a dust-removing filter bag 6, and gas entering from the gas inlet 1 passes through the dust-removing filter bag 6 and then is discharged from the air outlet 16.

In one embodiment, the air outlet 16 is an outlet of purified flue gas;

in one embodiment, the gas is flue gas produced by incineration;

in one embodiment, the inner and outer barrels are square barrels, and the centerlines of the inner and outer barrels are collinear.

In one embodiment, the annular space is divided into a gas purging chamber 15 and a dust filtration chamber 13, the gas purging chamber 15 and the dust filtration chamber 13 being in communication via the dust filtration bag 6.

In one embodiment, the air outlet 16 is located in the air-purifying chamber 15; the dust removing and filtering chamber 13 is communicated with the dust collecting chamber of the dust collecting device 9 and is communicated with the space inside the inner cylinder;

in one embodiment, the plenum 15 is located above the dust filtration chamber 13.

In one embodiment, the gas inlet 1 is located at the upper portion of the dosing port 2.

In one embodiment, the dosing port 2 is provided with a nozzle, and the medicament is uniformly sprayed out after passing through the nozzle and is fully contacted with gas such as flue gas entering from the gas inlet 1.

In one embodiment, the agent is selected from either or both of slaked lime and activated carbon.

In one embodiment, the dust collecting device is provided with a dust outlet 10 and a dust discharging valve 11, the dust outlet 10 is located at the lowermost end of the dust collecting device 9, and the dust discharging valve 11 controls the opening or closing of the dust outlet 10.

In one embodiment, the air purge chamber 15 and the dust filtration chamber 13 are separated by a partition;

the partition board is provided with a filter bag frame 7, the dust removal filter bag 6 is sleeved on the filter bag frame 7, and the filter bag frame 7 extends towards the dust removal filter chamber 13.

In one embodiment, an injection pipe 3 is arranged above the dust filter bag 6 in the air purification chamber 15;

a venturi 14 is arranged at the nozzle of the blowing pipe 3; the air bag 5 is connected with the injection pipe 3, the injection pipe 3 is a main pipe, compressed air (primary air) is blown out through holes arranged on the injection pipe 3, the holes of the injection pipe 3 correspond to the venturi tube 14 up and down, the venturi tube 14 induces surrounding air which is several times of the primary air to enter the dust-removing filter bag 6, and the venturi tube 14 corresponds to the dust-removing filter bag 6 one by one; the air bag 5 is used for storing compressed air and ensuring the stability of air supply pressure.

The blowing pipe 3 is used for blowing gas to the dust removing filter bag 6, so that attachments on the surface of the dust removing filter bag 6 in the dust removing filter chamber 13 fall off.

In one embodiment, the dry deacidification and dust removal device for flue gas further comprises auxiliary devices such as a slaked lime storage bin, a slaked lime discharging and blowing device, a purified flue gas induced draft fan and the like.

In one embodiment, the slaked lime powder in the slaked lime storage bin is discharged by the discharging device in a variable frequency manner, is sprayed by the high-pressure fan and is uniformly dispersed by the spray nozzle at the chemical feeding port 2, then is fully contacted with the flue gas entering from the gas inlet 1, is fully reacted in the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber 17 (the inner cylinder), and the slaked lime powder which is not completely reacted enters the dedusting and filtering chamber 13 along with the flue gas after being uniformly dispersed in the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber 17 (the inner cylinder).

In one embodiment, the flue gas with uniform gas distribution enters the dedusting and filtering chamber 13 from the bottom of the dry deacidification reaction central chamber 17, and the residual slaked lime in the flue gas is trapped on the outer surface of the dedusting and filtering bag 6 to form a filtering layer, so that the residual slaked lime is further in contact reaction with harmful substances in the flue gas, and the removal rate of the harmful substances is improved.

In one embodiment, the flue gas passing through the dust filter bag 6 enters the air purifying chamber 15 and is discharged from the air outlet. As the dust attached to the outer surface of the dust filter bag 6 increases, the resistance of the dust collector increases, and in order to maintain the resistance of the dust collector within a limited range, the dust attached to the surface of the dust filter bag 6 must be periodically removed: the controller triggers the electromagnetic pulse valves 4 according to a regular sequence, so that compressed air in the air bag 5 is sprayed out from holes of the spraying pipe 3 (called primary air), and ambient air (called secondary air) which is several times of the primary air is induced to enter the dust removal filter bag 6 through the venturi tube 14, so that the dust removal filter bag 6 is rapidly expanded at one moment and shakes off dust along with the reverse action of air flow, and the dust emission in the smoke can reach the national environmental standard requirement in subsequent use. The shaken off dust falls into the dust hopper of the opportunity device 9 and is discharged through the dust discharge valve 11. The fly ash collected regularly is bagged and then sent to a dangerous waste landfill for landfill and other modes for subsequent treatment.

The application provides a dry-type deacidification dust collecting equipment of flue gas can get rid of most acid gas and dust in the flue gas.

Comparative example 1

Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of a conventional flue gas dry deacidification and bag-type dust removal process, wherein flue gas enters a subsequent dry reaction tower 21 (see fig. 3 for a schematic structural diagram) through a flue gas incineration inlet 211 after passing through a quenching deacidification tower, slaked lime powder is added into the dry reaction tower 21, the slaked lime powder is added in a continuous operation mode, manually poured into a slaked lime groove 28 of a closed storage bin and then output by a variable-frequency screw unloader (slaked lime is conveyed to the position of a slaked lime feeding port 217 through a first unloader 271 and a first Rotz fan 261 and is sprayed out), and alkaline slaked lime powder is contacted with and reacts with acidic waste gas in the flue gas. The dust in the dry reaction tower 21 is deposited in the first dust collecting chamber 221 by gravity, discharged from the first dust discharge valve 231, and then sent to a hazardous waste landfill for subsequent treatment. The treated flue gas from the first reaction tower 21 enters the flue 241 dust removing filter structure 24 from the flue gas outlet 216 for subsequent operation.

As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 4-1, the treated flue gas enters the dedusting filter structure 24 through the flue 241, and simultaneously activated carbon is sprayed (the activated carbon is delivered to the activated carbon dosing port 242 through the activated carbon tank 29 via the second unloader 272 and the second rotz blower 262), and the activated carbon is fully mixed with the flue gas in the flue for preliminary adsorption, and then the uniformly mixed flue gas enters the dedusting filter structure 24 (the schematic structure is shown in fig. 4). The air purifying chamber 15 is communicated with the dust removing and filtering structure 24 through the dust removing filter bag 6; the dust removal filtering structure 24 is internally provided with a filter bag frame 7, and the filter bag frame 7 is provided with a dust removal filter bag 6.

An injection pipe 3 is arranged above the dust-removing filter bag 6; a venturi 14 is arranged at the nozzle of the blowing pipe 3; the air bag 5 is connected with the injection pipe 3, the injection pipe 3 is a main pipe, compressed air (primary air) is blown out through holes arranged on the injection pipe 3, the holes of the injection pipe 3 correspond to the venturi tube 14 up and down, the venturi tube 14 induces surrounding air which is several times of the primary air to enter the dust-removing filter bag 6, and the venturi tube 14 corresponds to the dust-removing filter bag 6 one by one; the air bag 5 is used for storing compressed air and ensuring the stability of air supply pressure.

The controller triggers each electromagnetic pulse valve 4 according to regular sequence, so that compressed air in the air bag 5 is sprayed out from the holes of the spraying pipe 3 (called primary air), and ambient air (called secondary air) which is several times of the primary air is induced to enter the dust removal filter bag 6 through the venturi 14;

the dust on the dust filter bag 6 and the dust in the dust-removing filter structure 24 are deposited in the second dust collecting chamber 222 under the action of gravity, discharged by the second dust discharging valve 232 and then sent to a hazardous waste landfill for subsequent treatment. The purified flue gas filtered by the dust removing and filtering structure 24 enters the gas purifying chamber 15 and is discharged from the purified flue gas outlet 16. In one embodiment, the dust-removing and filtering chamber is further provided with an inspection door 12.

In this comparison example, the temperature of the flue gas must be higher than the dew point by more than 30 ℃ before the flue gas enters the dedusting filter structure 24, so the system is provided with an automatic temperature adjusting device to keep the temperature of the inlet flue gas of the dust remover constant at about 150 ℃ plus 200 ℃, and is also provided with an automatic short-circuit system to protect the dust remover to prevent the temperature of the flue gas entering the dedusting filter structure 24 from being too high or too low.

In the comparative example, although the two devices, i.e., the dry reaction tower 21 and the dedusting filter structure 24, can meet the deacidification and dedusting functions, the process flow is long, the number of devices is large, the investment is high, and the operation and maintenance workload is large.

Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dry-type deacidification and dust removal device for flue gas comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an ash collecting device, wherein the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the top end of the outer cylinder is connected with the side wall of the inner cylinder;

2. The dry flue gas deacidification and dedusting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the centerlines of the inner drum and the outer drum are collinear.

3. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annular space is divided into a gas purifying chamber and a dedusting filter chamber, and the gas purifying chamber and the dedusting filter chamber are communicated through the dedusting filter bag.

4. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas according to claim 3, wherein the air outlet is positioned in the air purifying chamber; the dust removal filtering chamber is communicated with an ash collecting chamber in the ash collecting device and is communicated with the space in the inner cylinder;

optionally, the air purging chamber is located above the dust removal and filtration chamber.

5. The dry flue gas deacidification and dedusting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas inlet is positioned at the upper part of the dosing port.

6. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the chemical adding port is provided with a spray head, and chemicals are uniformly sprayed out after passing through the spray head and are fully contacted with the gas entering from the gas inlet.

7. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas according to claim 6, wherein the medicament is selected from one or two of slaked lime and activated carbon.

8. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ash collecting device is provided with a dust outlet at the lowest end of the ash collecting device and an ash discharging valve controlling the opening or closing of the dust outlet.

9. A dry flue gas deacidification and dedusting apparatus as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein said air cleaning chamber and said dedusting filter chamber are separated by a partition plate;

10. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas as claimed in claim 9, wherein an injection pipe is arranged above the dedusting filter bag in the air cleaning chamber; optionally, the holes of the injection pipe blow out gas, a venturi is arranged below the holes and arranged above the dust filter bag, and optionally, the injection pipe is connected with an air bag which is configured to store compressed air, so that the air pressure for supplying the injection pipe with gas is stable;