CN112493011B - Salinized soil improvement system and method - Google Patents

Salinized soil improvement system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112493011B
CN112493011B CN202011347981.9A CN202011347981A CN112493011B CN 112493011 B CN112493011 B CN 112493011B CN 202011347981 A CN202011347981 A CN 202011347981A CN 112493011 B CN112493011 B CN 112493011B
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water
plate
irrigation
planting
pipe
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CN202011347981.9A
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CN112493011A (en
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刘鹏举
李光盈
李红平
孙旗
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Hunan Katie Engineering Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Katie Engineering Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/005—Reservoirs connected to flower-pots through conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/03—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
    • B01F23/708—Filtering materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/181—Preventing generation of dust or dirt; Sieves; Filters
    • B01F35/187—Preventing generation of dust or dirt; Sieves; Filters using filters in mixers, e.g. during venting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/712—Feed mechanisms for feeding fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

Abstract

The invention discloses a salinized soil improvement system and a method, which belong to the technical field of salinized soil improvement and comprise a planting part, wherein the planting part is a long strip-shaped soil pile arranged in an array, the top of the planting part is a planting platform, a planting groove is formed in the planting platform, a water seepage blind pipe with a cut at the top for planting plants is arranged at the planting groove, slopes are arranged on two sides of the planting platform, and the slopes and the planting platform are covered with a water-retaining covering film through a film covering trolley; irrigation equipment includes the zanjon of seting up between each planting portion, and the delivery port of each zanjon all communicates in the outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is linked together with cistern and filtering ponds respectively through cistern inlet tube and filtering ponds inlet tube, and the range is provided with multilayer baffle filter equipment in the filtering ponds, and cistern and filtering ponds all are linked together through mixing box inlet tube and mixing box, and the mixing box links to each other with the irrigation water pipe, irrigates the water pipe arrange in plant on the recess and drip irrigation through irrigating the burette.

Description

Salinized soil improvement system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of salinized soil improvement, in particular to a system and a method for improving salinized soil.
Background
Soil salinization is also called salinization, and refers to a process that salt in the soil bottom layer or underground water rises to the ground surface along with capillary water, and after water is evaporated, salt is accumulated in surface soil. The saline soil has the characteristics of high salinity and high alkalinity, the salt content in the soil is more than 0.1-0.2%, or soil colloid adsorbs a certain amount of exchangeable sodium, and the alkalization degree is more than 15-20%, so that soil organic matters are damaged and leached, trace elements are deficient, the soil structure is poor, and ventilation and water permeation are poor. The method is characterized in that white saline-alkali precipitates are usually formed on the surface of the soil, so that the withered plants, the poisoning and the root rot death of the plants can be caused by serious saline soil, the plants are not easy to absorb fertilizer nutrients, the yield is influenced, and the economic loss is caused.
The invention provides a comprehensive improvement method for saline soil of farmland, which comprises a water storage pool, a filter pool, a filling device, a water seepage device and a film covering and water retaining device to form a comprehensive improvement system, and mainly aims to improve the qualified soil water retention in the saline soil so as to synchronously improve the chemical and biological characteristics of surface soil and deep soil. Wherein, the soil water is the basis for the survival of plants in the ecological system, and influences the reasonable distribution and the efficient utilization of the plant growth, the water demand of the ecological environment and the water resource. Irrigation or rainfall needs to be converted into soil water to be absorbed by crops or vegetation, so that measures for improving the soil water content of the salinized soil have great significance, the soil quality can be effectively improved, and the long-term stability of the salinized soil is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a salinized soil improvement system and a salinized soil improvement method.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a salinized soil improvement system and method comprises a planting part, a reservoir, a filtering tank and an irrigation device, wherein the planting part is a long strip-shaped soil pile arranged in an array, an isolation layer is arranged inside the planting part, the top of the planting part is a planting platform, a planting groove is formed in the planting platform, a water seepage blind pipe is arranged at the planting groove, a cut is formed in the top of the water seepage blind pipe and used for planting plants in the water seepage blind pipe, slopes are arranged on two sides of the planting platform, and the slopes and the planting platform are covered with a water-retaining covering film through a film covering trolley; irrigation equipment includes the zanjon of seting up between each planting portion, and the delivery port of each zanjon all communicates in the outlet pipe, and the outlet pipe is linked together with cistern and filtering ponds respectively through cistern inlet tube and filtering ponds inlet tube, the arrangement is provided with multilayer filter screen and cistern and is provided with the clear water inlet tube in the cistern, the arrangement is provided with multilayer baffle filter equipment in the filtering ponds, cistern and filtering ponds all are linked together through mixing box inlet tube and mixing box, the mixing box top is provided with the feed inlet that supplies the fertilizer to get into, and the mixing box links to each other with the irrigation water pipe, irrigates the water pipe arrange in plant on the recess and drip irrigation through irrigating the burette.
Further, the isolation layer is bamboo chip layer or plank floor layer or straw layer, and the isolation layer is located infiltration blind pipe below, the infiltration blind pipe is made for synthetic fiber and seted up a plurality of through-holes on its pipe wall, the plant in the infiltration blind pipe is rose or matrimony vine.
Furthermore, the mixing box is connected with an irrigation main water pipe, the irrigation main water pipe is connected with an irrigation branch water pipe, and the irrigation branch water pipe is connected with an irrigation water pipe; the delivery port department of zanjon is provided with outlet valve, be provided with the mixing box inlet valve on the mixing box inlet tube, all be provided with the valve on irrigation water main, cistern inlet tube and the filtering ponds inlet tube.
Furthermore, the irrigation droppers are arranged on the irrigation water pipe, a spiral water outlet plate is arranged in the irrigation droppers, the diameter of the water outlet part of the irrigation droppers is gradually reduced, the cross section of the water outlet part of the irrigation droppers is in a circular truncated cone structure, a baffle is arranged at the tail end of the water outlet, and water outlet holes are formed in the baffle; a buffer mechanism is arranged at the water outlet of the irrigation dropper.
Furthermore, the buffer mechanism comprises a buffer plate, and the buffer plate is connected with the baffle plate through a buffer spring; the buffer plate is of a circular truncated cone structure, the inclination angle of the side wall of the buffer plate is matched with the outlet of the irrigation dropper in a fit mode, and the edge of the buffer plate is provided with notches in an annular array mode.
Further, the film covering trolley comprises a trolley top plate, push rod supporting plates are arranged on the trolley top plate, and push rods are connected between the push rod supporting plates; a first supporting plate and a second supporting plate are vertically arranged below the trolley top plate, and a film coating rotary drum is arranged between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate; the lower end of the first supporting plate is connected with an inclined plate, the tail end of the inclined plate is provided with a first roller, and the lower end of the second supporting plate is provided with a second roller; the trolley top plate is arranged beside the film laminating rotary drum and is provided with a film laminating mechanism.
Further, the film pressing mechanism comprises a platform film pressing mechanism and a slope film pressing mechanism, the platform film pressing mechanism and the slope film pressing mechanism are arranged below the trolley top plate in parallel, the platform film pressing mechanism comprises a connecting column vertically connected below the trolley top plate, the lower end of the connecting column is connected with a second mounting frame through a second spring, and a second film pressing roller is mounted in the second mounting frame; slope film pressing mechanism includes the vertical first connecting plate of connecting in dolly roof below, and first connecting plate below is connected with the second connecting plate, the second connecting plate for the slope set up and its inclination with the angle of swash plate is unanimous, second connecting plate tail end has first mounting bracket through first spring coupling, installs first film pressing gyro wheel in the first mounting bracket.
Furthermore, the partition plate filtering device in the filtering tank comprises a left partition plate and a right partition plate which are sequentially arranged, the partition plates divide the filtering tank to form a first filtering cavity, a second filtering cavity and a third filtering cavity, a filtering box is supported in the first filtering cavity through a limiting plate, the side wall of the filtering box is of a net plate structure, an ear plate is arranged in the filtering box, the top of the filtering box is in an open shape, a water inlet pipe of the filtering tank extends into the filtering box, and a sliding cover is arranged at the top of the first filtering cavity; an electrode is arranged in the second filtering cavity and is connected to the top cover of the second filtering cavity through a connecting rod; and a filter tank water pump is arranged in the third filter cavity and is communicated with a water inlet pipe of the mixing box through a connecting pipe.
Furthermore, the left and right partition plates in the filter tank are of a double-layer structure, a hollow cavity is formed in the side wall of each partition plate, a telescopic frame is movably arranged in the hollow cavity, and the bottom of a top plate of each telescopic frame is connected with a support bottom plate in the middle layer of each partition plate through a telescopic frame spring; the accurate filter screen plate is installed in a limiting mode through the limiting block at the top of the left telescopic frame, the active carbon filter plate is installed in a limiting mode through the limiting block at the top of the right telescopic frame, the upper ends of the accurate filter screen plate and the active carbon filter plate extend out of the filter tank top plate, the extending portions of the accurate filter screen plate and the active carbon filter plate are covered by the protection frame, the bearings are arranged at the tops of the accurate filter screen plate and the active carbon filter plate, screw rods are arranged in the bearings, and the upper ends of the screw rods penetrate through screw holes in the protection frame top plate and are provided with handles.
In addition, the invention also discloses a method for improving the salinized soil, which comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps Digging array deep grooves in the salinized soil, and building the dug soil into planting parts with slopes in the middle of the deep grooves;
B. the method comprises the following steps Digging a planting groove on a planting platform at the top of the planting part and laying a water seepage blind pipe with a cut;
C. the method comprises the following steps Utilize the tectorial membrane dolly to carry out the tectorial membrane with the water-retaining tectorial membrane on the tectorial membrane rotary drum simultaneously to the slope and the planting platform of planting portion to press the membrane through the first press mold gyro wheel and the second press mold gyro wheel of tectorial membrane dolly respectively.
D. The method comprises the following steps Adding clear water into the reservoir through a clear water inlet pipe of the reservoir before primary irrigation, pumping the clear water in the reservoir into a mixing box, wherein no fertilizer can be added into the mixing box at the initial stage, and opening a valve of an irrigation main water pipe for carrying out drip irrigation through an irrigation dropper;
E. the method comprises the following steps When the water in the deep groove reaches a certain height, the alkalinity of the deep groove is detected, if the alkalinity is too high, a valve of a water inlet pipe of the water storage tank is closed, a valve of a water inlet pipe of the filtering tank is opened, the water in the deep groove is guided into the filtering tank for filtering, the water filtered by the filtering tank is pumped into the mixing tank for drip irrigation through the irrigation dropper, and meanwhile, clear water can be continuously added into the water storage tank for irrigation;
F. the method comprises the following steps When the water in the deep groove is detected to be qualified in alkalinity, a valve of a water inlet pipe of the water storage tank can be opened to guide the water into the water storage tank, the water is filtered by a plurality of layers of filter screens in the water storage tank and then is pumped into the mixing box, at the moment, fertilizer can be added into the mixing box, and water and fertilizer are subjected to drip irrigation through an irrigation dropper.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in order to realize carrying out quick, the efficient salt washing operation to salinization soil, through the cistern, mixing box cooperation irrigation equipment carries out circulating clear water irrigation to planting portion, when the basicity that detects the water in the other zanjon of planting portion is too big, can be with leading-in to the filter tank of the water in the zanjon, but carry out filterable water re-suction through the filter tank and carry out irrigation once more and can progressively wash the salt operation to the soil of planting portion, can effectively reduce soil basicity through above method, and cooperation is protected water tectorial membrane and isolation layer and can continuously keep the content level of soil water.
2. In order to further improve the irrigation efficiency and ensure the soil water content of a planting part, a water seepage device is formed by arranging a water seepage blind pipe in a planting groove of a planting platform, the top of the water seepage blind pipe is provided with a notch for plants to be planted in the water seepage blind pipe, the water seepage blind pipe is favorable for permeating water near the planting groove into the pipe, so that the inside of the water seepage blind pipe keeps higher water content, the growth environment of the plants is favorable, plants such as Chinese roses or Chinese wolfberries can be planted in the water seepage blind pipe, bacterial manure can be applied in the early stage of planting, and the Chinese roses or the Chinese wolfberries have stronger saline-alkali resistance, so that the survival rate is ensured, meanwhile, a further water retention effect can be achieved, and good biological improvement measures are provided; meanwhile, the film covering trolley is matched to cover, preserve and cover the planting platform and the slope of the planting part at the same time, so that an effective water-preserving measure is formed, the evaporation of the water too fast is further prevented, and the water of the planting part is ensured to be maintained sufficiently; and the median on the bamboo lamella of planting portion or plank floor layer or straw layer can effectively prevent the soil water of planting portion lower floor from moving upward and bring the salinity into the planting portion upper strata simultaneously to make the salt of the soil water of lower floor analyse smoothly in the deep ditch.
3. In order to improve the filtering effect of the filtering tank, a plurality of layers of filtering cavities are formed by separating the filtering tank and are matched with a double-partition filtering device to carry out high-efficiency and thorough filtering. The filter box in the first filter cavity can be directly taken out and placed, so that the filter box is convenient to clean in time; the motor in the second filtering cavity can adsorb ions in the water with high alkalinity; the active carbon filter on the first heavy baffle filter equipment's in left side precise filtration otter board and the right side baffle filter equipment plays and strengthens filterable effect step by step, make and filter more thoroughly, and in order to deal with the demand to filter speed under the different operating modes, be unlikely to influence the filter effect simultaneously, the area of precise filtration otter board and active carbon filter all can change, only need to move the screw rod through twisting and down push it, can make both be located the inside partial extension of filtering ponds, can enlarge filtration passageway.
4. In order to control the speed of drip irrigation not to be too fast, a buffer mechanism is arranged in the irrigation dropper, so that the speed of drip irrigation is kept stable, wherein the spiral water outlet plate in the irrigation dropper reduces the water flow, and the movable buffer plate is matched with the water outlet holes of the baffle plate to finally form the drip irrigation mode. In order to carry out the tectorial membrane operation simultaneously to the planting platform and the slope of planting portion, carry out the tectorial membrane through the tectorial membrane dolly of pertinence design, wherein the angle on first press mold gyro wheel and slope is unanimous, and second press mold gyro wheel keeps the level parallel with planting platform to will protect water tectorial membrane synchronous compressing tightly, with slope and planting platform laminating, reach better water retaining effect, also improved the work efficiency of tectorial membrane operation greatly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the location of the planting section and the water reservoir and filtration tank of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the mixing tank of the present invention to an irrigation pipe.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the planting part of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic layout view of the weeping blind pipe of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the placement of an irrigation dropper of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of an irrigation dropper of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a buffer plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the filtration tank of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the separator of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the film-coating trolley of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the installation of the first lamination roller and the second lamination roller of the present invention
Fig. 12 is a schematic position diagram of the first lamination roller and the second lamination roller according to the present invention.
The text labels in the figures are represented as: 1. a reservoir; 2. a filtration tank; 3. a planting part; 4. irrigating branch water pipes; 5. an irrigation water pipe; 6. deep trench; 7. a planting platform; 8. a slope; 9. planting grooves; 10. a water outlet valve; 11. a water outlet pipe; 12. a water inlet pipe of a reservoir; 13. a mixing box; 14. a feed inlet; 15. a mixing tank water inlet pipe; 16. a mixing tank water inlet valve; 17. an irrigation header; 18. a water inlet pipe of the filter tank; 19. a push rod; 20. a push rod support plate; 21. a trolley top plate; 22. a film coating rotary drum; 23. a first support plate; 24. a sloping plate; 25. a first roller; 26. a first connecting plate; 27. a first spring; 28. a first mounting bracket; 29. a first film pressing roller; 30. a second spring; 31. a second film pressing roller; 32. a second mounting bracket; 33. a second roller; 34. connecting columns; 35. a second support plate; 36. a second connecting plate; 37. water retention and film covering; 38. the inner wall of the deep groove; 39. a water seepage blind pipe; 40. an isolation layer; 41. an irrigation dropper; 42. a spiral water outlet plate; 43. a buffer plate; 4301. a notch; 44. a buffer spring; 45. a baffle plate; 46. a water outlet hole; 47. a sliding cover; 48. an ear plate; 49. a filter box; 50. a precise filter screen plate; 51. a handle; 52. a screw; 53. a protective frame; 54. a top cover; 55. an activated carbon filter plate; 56. a connecting pipe; 57. a water pump of the filter tank; 58. a telescopic frame; 59. a limiting plate; 60. a first filter chamber; 61. a partition plate; 62. a second filter chamber; 63. an electrode; 64. a third filter chamber; 65. a bearing; 66. a limiting block; 67. a telescopic frame spring; 68. a hollow cavity; 69. supporting the bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
A salinized soil improvement system and a method thereof comprise a planting part 3, a water storage tank 1, a filter tank 2 and an irrigation device, and are characterized in that the planting part 3 is a strip-shaped soil pile arranged in an array, an isolation layer 40 is arranged inside the planting part 3, the top of the planting part 3 is a planting platform 7, a planting groove 9 is formed in the planting platform 7, a water seepage blind pipe 39 is arranged at the planting groove 9, a cut is formed in the top of the water seepage blind pipe 39 for planting plants in the water seepage blind pipe 39, slopes 8 are arranged on two sides of the planting platform 7, and the slopes 8 and the planting platform 7 are both covered with a water-retaining covering film 37 through a film covering trolley; irrigation equipment includes the zanjon 6 of seting up between each planting portion 3, and the delivery port of each zanjon 6 all communicates in outlet pipe 11, and outlet pipe 11 is linked together with cistern 1 and filtering ponds 2 respectively through cistern inlet tube 12 and filtering ponds inlet tube 18, the row is provided with multilayer filter screen and cistern 1 is provided with the clear water inlet tube in 1 cistern, the row is provided with multilayer baffle filter equipment in 2 filtering ponds, cistern 1 and filtering ponds 2 all are linked together through mixing box inlet tube 15 and mixing box 13, mixing box 13 top is provided with the feed inlet 14 that supplies the fertilizer to get into, and mixing box 13 links to each other with irrigation water pipe 5, and irrigation water pipe 5 arrange in plant on the recess 9 and drip irrigation through irrigation burette 41.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the isolation layer 40 is a bamboo sheet layer, a wood sheet layer or a straw layer, the isolation layer 40 is located below the water seepage blind pipe 39, the water seepage blind pipe 39 is made of synthetic fibers, a plurality of through holes are formed in the pipe wall of the water seepage blind pipe, and plants in the water seepage blind pipe 39 are Chinese roses or Chinese wolfberries.
Preferably, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the mixing tank 13 is connected to an irrigation main pipe 17, the irrigation main pipe 17 is connected to the irrigation branch pipes 4, and the irrigation branch pipes 4 are connected to the irrigation pipe 5; the water outlet of the deep groove 6 is provided with a water outlet valve 10, the mixing tank water inlet pipe 15 is provided with a mixing tank water inlet valve 16, and the irrigation main water pipe 17, the reservoir water inlet pipe 12 and the filtering tank water inlet pipe 18 are all provided with valves.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the irrigation droppers 41 are arranged on the irrigation water pipe 5, a spiral water outlet plate 42 is arranged inside the irrigation droppers 41, the diameter of the water outlet portion of the irrigation droppers 41 is gradually reduced, the cross section of the water outlet portion is in a circular truncated cone structure, a baffle 45 is arranged at the tail end of the water outlet, and a water outlet hole 46 is formed in the baffle 45; a buffer mechanism is arranged at the water outlet of the irrigation dropper 41.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the buffer mechanism includes a buffer plate 43, and the buffer plate 43 is connected to the baffle 45 through a buffer spring 44; the buffer plate 43 is of a circular truncated cone structure, the inclination angle of the side wall of the buffer plate is matched with the outlet of the irrigation dropper 41 in an attaching mode, and notches 4301 are formed in the edge of the buffer plate 43 in an annular array.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12, the film covering trolley includes a trolley top plate 21, a push rod support plate 20 is arranged on the trolley top plate 21, and a push rod 19 is connected between the push rod support plates 20; a first supporting plate 23 and a second supporting plate 35 are vertically arranged below the trolley top plate 21, and a film coating rotary drum 22 is arranged between the first supporting plate 23 and the second supporting plate 35; the lower end of the first supporting plate 23 is connected with an inclined plate 24, the tail end of the inclined plate 24 is provided with a first roller 25, and the lower end of the second supporting plate 35 is provided with a second roller 33; and a film pressing mechanism is arranged beside the film covering rotary drum 22 on the trolley top plate 21.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, 11 and 12, the film pressing mechanism includes a platform film pressing mechanism and a slope film pressing mechanism, the platform film pressing mechanism and the slope film pressing mechanism are arranged below the trolley top plate 21 in parallel, the platform film pressing mechanism includes a connecting column 34 vertically connected below the trolley top plate 21, the lower end of the connecting column 34 is connected with a second mounting frame 32 through a second spring 30, and a second film pressing roller 31 is mounted in the second mounting frame 32; slope film pressing mechanism includes vertical connection at the first connecting plate 26 of dolly roof below, and first connecting plate 26 below is connected with second connecting plate 36, second connecting plate 36 for the slope set up and its inclination with the angle of swash plate 24 is unanimous, second connecting plate 36 tail end is connected with first mounting bracket 28 through first spring 27, installs first film pressing gyro wheel 29 in the first mounting bracket 28.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the partition filtering device in the filtering tank 2 includes a left partition 61 and a right partition 61 which are sequentially arranged, the filtering tank 2 is partitioned by the partitions 61 to form a first filtering chamber 60, a second filtering chamber 62 and a third filtering chamber 64, the filtering tank 49 is supported and arranged in the first filtering chamber 60 through a limiting plate 59, the side wall of the filtering tank 49 is of a net plate structure, an ear plate 48 is arranged in the filtering tank 49, the top of the filtering tank 49 is open, the filtering tank water inlet pipe 18 extends into the filtering tank 49, and a sliding cover 47 is arranged at the top of the first filtering chamber 60; an electrode 63 is arranged in the second filtering cavity 62, and the electrode 63 is connected to the top cover 54 of the second filtering cavity 62 through a connecting rod; and a filtering tank water pump 57 is arranged in the third filtering cavity 64, and the filtering tank water pump 57 is communicated with the mixing tank water inlet pipe 15 through a connecting pipe 56.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9, the left partition plate 61 and the right partition plate 61 in the filtration tank 2 are both of a double-layer structure, a hollow cavity 68 is formed in the side wall of each partition plate 61, a telescopic frame 58 is movably arranged in each hollow cavity 68, and the bottom of the top plate of each telescopic frame 58 is connected with a support bottom plate 69 in the middle layer of each partition plate 61 through a telescopic frame spring 67; the accurate filter screen plate 50 carries out spacing installation through stopper 66 at left flexible frame 58 top, the flexible frame 58 top on right side carries out spacing installation with active carbon filter 55 through stopper 66, accurate filter screen plate 50 and active carbon filter 55 upper end all stretch out outside 2 roofs of filtering ponds, and both stretches out the part and carry out the cage by the bearer bar 53, accurate filter screen plate 50 and active carbon filter 55 top all are provided with bearing 65, are provided with screw rod 52 in the bearing 65, and screw rod 52 upper end is passed screw and screw rod 52 top on the bearer bar 53 roof and is provided with handle 51.
In addition, the invention also discloses a method for improving the salinized soil, which comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps Digging array deep grooves 6 on the salinized soil, and building the dug soil into planting parts 3 with slopes 8 in the middle of each deep groove 6;
B. the method comprises the following steps A planting groove 9 is dug on a planting platform 7 at the top of the planting part 3, and a water seepage blind pipe 39 with a cut is laid;
C. the method comprises the following steps The water-retaining mulching film 37 on the mulching rotary drum 22 is used for simultaneously mulching the slope 8 and the planting platform 7 of the planting part 3 by using the mulching trolley, and film pressing is carried out by the first film pressing roller 29 and the second film pressing roller 31 of the mulching trolley respectively.
D. The method comprises the following steps Adding clear water into the reservoir 1 through a clear water inlet pipe of the reservoir 1 before primary irrigation, pumping the clear water in the reservoir 1 into a mixing box 13, adding no fertilizer into the mixing box 13 at the initial stage, and opening a valve of an irrigation main water pipe 17 to carry out drip irrigation through an irrigation dropper 41;
E. the method comprises the following steps When the water in the deep groove 6 is accumulated to a certain height, the alkalinity of the deep groove is detected, if the alkalinity is too high, the valve of the water inlet pipe 12 of the reservoir is closed, the valve of the water inlet pipe 18 of the filtering tank is opened, the water in the deep groove 6 is guided into the filtering tank 2 to be filtered, the water filtered by the filtering tank 2 is pumped into the mixing box 13 to be subjected to drip irrigation again through the irrigation dropper 41, and meanwhile, the clear water can be continuously added into the reservoir 1 for irrigation;
F. the method comprises the following steps When the water in the deep ditch 6 is detected to be qualified in alkalinity, a valve of a water inlet pipe 12 of the water storage tank can be opened to guide the water into the water storage tank 1, the water is filtered by a plurality of layers of filter screens in the water storage tank 1 and then is pumped into a mixing box 13, at the moment, fertilizer can be added into the mixing box 13, and the water and the fertilizer are subjected to drip irrigation through an irrigation dropper 41.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The salinization soil improvement system comprises a planting part (3), a water storage tank (1), a filter tank (2) and an irrigation device, and is characterized in that the planting part (3) is a long strip-shaped soil pile arranged in an array, an isolation layer (40) is arranged inside the planting part (3), the top of the planting part (3) is a planting platform (7), a planting groove (9) is formed in the planting platform (7), a water seepage blind pipe (39) is arranged at the planting groove (9), a cut is formed in the top of the water seepage blind pipe (39) for plants to be planted in the water seepage blind pipe (39), slopes (8) are arranged on two sides of the planting platform (7), and the slopes (8) and the planting platform (7) are both covered with a water retention covering film (37) through a film covering trolley; the irrigation device comprises deep grooves (6) arranged between planting parts (3), the water outlets of the deep grooves (6) are communicated with a water outlet pipe (11), the water outlet pipe (11) is respectively communicated with a water storage tank (1) and a filtering tank (2) through a water storage tank water inlet pipe (12) and a filtering tank water inlet pipe (18), a plurality of layers of filter screens are arranged in the reservoir (1) and the reservoir (1) is provided with a clear water inlet pipe, a plurality of layers of baffle filtering devices are arranged in the filtering tank (2), the reservoir (1) and the filtering tank (2) are communicated with a mixing box (13) through a mixing box water inlet pipe (15), a feed inlet (14) for fertilizer to enter is formed in the top of the mixing box (13), the mixing box (13) is connected with an irrigation water pipe (5), and the irrigation water pipe (5) is arranged on the planting groove (9) and is subjected to drip irrigation through an irrigation dropper (41); the film covering trolley comprises a trolley top plate (21), push rod supporting plates (20) are arranged on the trolley top plate (21), and push rods (19) are connected between the push rod supporting plates (20); a first supporting plate (23) and a second supporting plate (35) are vertically arranged below the trolley top plate (21), and a film coating rotary drum (22) is arranged between the first supporting plate (23) and the second supporting plate (35); the lower end of the first supporting plate (23) is connected with an inclined plate (24), the tail end of the inclined plate (24) is provided with a first roller (25), and the lower end of the second supporting plate (35) is provided with a second roller (33); a film pressing mechanism is arranged beside the film coating rotary drum (22) on the trolley top plate (21); the film pressing mechanism comprises a platform film pressing mechanism and a slope film pressing mechanism, the platform film pressing mechanism and the slope film pressing mechanism are arranged below the trolley top plate (21) in parallel, the platform film pressing mechanism comprises a connecting column (34) vertically connected below the trolley top plate (21), the lower end of the connecting column (34) is connected with a second mounting frame (32) through a second spring (30), and a second film pressing roller (31) is mounted in the second mounting frame (32); slope film pressing mechanism includes that vertical connection is in first connecting plate (26) of dolly roof below, first connecting plate (26) below is connected with second connecting plate (36), second connecting plate (36) set up and its inclination for the slope with the angle of swash plate (24) is unanimous, second connecting plate (36) tail end is connected with first mounting bracket (28) through first spring (27), installs first film pressing gyro wheel (29) in first mounting bracket (28).
2. The salinized soil improvement system of claim 1, wherein the isolation layer (40) is a bamboo sheet layer or a wood board layer or a straw layer, the isolation layer (40) is located below the water penetration blind pipe (39), the water penetration blind pipe (39) is made of synthetic fibers, a plurality of through holes are formed in the pipe wall of the water penetration blind pipe, and the plants in the water penetration blind pipe (39) are Chinese roses or Chinese wolfberries.
3. The salinized soil improvement system of claim 1, wherein the mixing tank (13) is connected with an irrigation main pipe (17), the irrigation main pipe (17) is connected with an irrigation branch pipe (4), and the irrigation branch pipe (4) is connected with an irrigation pipe (5); the water outlet of the deep groove (6) is provided with a water outlet valve (10), a mixing tank water inlet valve (16) is arranged on a mixing tank water inlet pipe (15), and valves are arranged on an irrigation main water pipe (17), a reservoir water inlet pipe (12) and a filter tank water inlet pipe (18).
4. The salinized soil improvement system of claim 1, wherein the irrigation droppers (41) are arranged on the irrigation water pipe (5), a spiral water outlet plate (42) is arranged inside the irrigation droppers (41), the diameter of the water outlet part of the irrigation droppers (41) is gradually reduced, the cross section of the water outlet part is in a circular truncated cone structure, a baffle plate (45) is arranged at the tail end of the water outlet, and water outlet holes (46) are formed in the baffle plate (45); a buffer mechanism is arranged at the water outlet of the irrigation dropper (41).
5. The salinated soil improvement system of claim 4, wherein the buffer mechanism comprises a buffer plate (43), the buffer plate (43) is connected with the baffle plate (45) through a buffer spring (44); the buffer plate (43) is of a circular truncated cone structure, the inclination angle of the side wall of the buffer plate is matched with the outlet of the irrigation dropper (41) in an attached mode, and notches (4301) are formed in the edge of the buffer plate (43) in an annular array mode.
6. The salinized soil improvement system according to claim 1, wherein the partition filtering device in the filtering tank (2) comprises a left partition (61) and a right partition (61) which are sequentially arranged, the partitions (61) separate the filtering tank (2) to form a first filtering cavity (60), a second filtering cavity (62) and a third filtering cavity (64), the first filtering cavity (60) is internally provided with a filtering box (49) through a limiting plate (59), the side wall of the filtering box (49) is of a net-shaped plate structure, an ear plate (48) is arranged in the filtering box (49), the top of the filtering box (49) is open, the filtering tank water inlet pipe (18) extends into the filtering box (49), and the top of the first filtering cavity (60) is provided with a sliding cover (47); an electrode (63) is arranged in the second filtering cavity (62), and the electrode (63) is connected to a top cover (54) of the second filtering cavity (62) through a connecting rod; and a filter tank water pump (57) is arranged in the third filter cavity (64), and the filter tank water pump (57) is communicated with the mixing box water inlet pipe (15) through a connecting pipe (56).
7. The salinized soil improvement system according to claim 6, wherein a left partition plate (61) and a right partition plate (61) in the filter tank (2) are both of a double-layer structure, a hollow cavity (68) is formed in the side wall of each partition plate (61), a telescopic frame (58) is movably arranged in each hollow cavity (68), and the bottom of the top plate of each telescopic frame (58) is connected with a supporting bottom plate (69) in the middle layer of each partition plate (61) through a telescopic frame spring (67); the accurate filter screen plate (50) is carried out spacing installation through stopper (66) at left flexible frame (58) top, the flexible frame (58) top on right side is passed through stopper (66) and is carried out spacing installation with active carbon filter (55), accurate filter screen plate (50) and active carbon filter (55) upper end all stretch out outside filtering ponds (2) roof, and both stretches out the part and carry out the cage by protecting frame (53), accurate filter screen plate (50) and active carbon filter (55) top all are provided with bearing (65), are provided with screw rod (52) in bearing (65), and screw rod (52) upper end is passed screw hole and screw rod (52) top on protecting frame (53) roof and is provided with handle (51).
8. The method of improving a salinated soil improvement system of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
A. the method comprises the following steps Digging array deep ditches (6) on the salinized soil, and building the dug soil into planting parts (3) with slopes (8) in the middle of each deep ditch (6);
B. the method comprises the following steps Digging a planting groove (9) on a planting platform (7) at the top of the planting part (3) and laying a water seepage blind pipe (39) with a cut;
C. the method comprises the following steps The water-retaining film covering (37) on the film covering rotary drum (22) is simultaneously used for covering the slope (8) of the planting part (3) and the planting platform (7) by using the film covering trolley, and film pressing is respectively carried out through a first film pressing roller (29) and a second film pressing roller (31) of the film covering trolley;
D. the method comprises the following steps Adding clear water into the reservoir (1) through a clear water inlet pipe of the reservoir (1) before primary irrigation, pumping the clear water in the reservoir (1) into a mixing box (13), adding no fertilizer into the mixing box (13) at the initial stage, opening a valve of an irrigation main water pipe (17) and carrying out drip irrigation through an irrigation dropper (41);
E. the method comprises the following steps When water is accumulated in the deep groove (6) to a certain height, the alkalinity of the deep groove is detected, if the alkalinity is too high, a valve of a water inlet pipe (12) of the reservoir is closed, a valve of a water inlet pipe (18) of the filter tank is opened, water in the deep groove (6) is led into the filter tank (2) to be filtered, the water filtered by the filter tank (2) is pumped into a mixing box (13) to be subjected to drip irrigation again through an irrigation dropper (41), and meanwhile, clear water is continuously added into the reservoir (1) for irrigation;
F. the method comprises the following steps When the water in the deep groove (6) is detected to be qualified in alkalinity, a valve of a water inlet pipe (12) of the water storage tank is opened to guide the water into the water storage tank (1), the water is filtered by a plurality of layers of filter screens in the water storage tank (1) and then is pumped into the mixing tank (13), at the moment, fertilizer is added into the mixing tank (13), and the water and the fertilizer are subjected to drip irrigation by an irrigation dropper (41).
CN202011347981.9A 2020-11-26 2020-11-26 Salinized soil improvement system and method Active CN112493011B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN205030256U (en) * 2015-10-09 2016-02-17 潍坊友容实业有限公司 Canopy is planted in saline and alkaline land
CN205883902U (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-01-18 江苏苑艺园林建设有限公司 Saline soil reclamation water saving system
CN206100856U (en) * 2016-10-20 2017-04-19 深圳市永丰生态环境有限公司 Saline -alkaline land improvement device
CN209572367U (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-11-05 尚海英 A kind of planting unit for alkaline land soil improvement
CN210959679U (en) * 2019-08-27 2020-07-10 庄意梅 Water-saving drip irrigation head for agricultural greenhouse
CN211430376U (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-09-08 东盛生态科技股份有限公司 Saline-alkali mountain land water storage system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN205030256U (en) * 2015-10-09 2016-02-17 潍坊友容实业有限公司 Canopy is planted in saline and alkaline land
CN205883902U (en) * 2016-06-08 2017-01-18 江苏苑艺园林建设有限公司 Saline soil reclamation water saving system
CN206100856U (en) * 2016-10-20 2017-04-19 深圳市永丰生态环境有限公司 Saline -alkaline land improvement device
CN209572367U (en) * 2019-01-25 2019-11-05 尚海英 A kind of planting unit for alkaline land soil improvement
CN210959679U (en) * 2019-08-27 2020-07-10 庄意梅 Water-saving drip irrigation head for agricultural greenhouse
CN211430376U (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-09-08 东盛生态科技股份有限公司 Saline-alkali mountain land water storage system

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