CN112485802B - Method for matching transmitting and receiving wavelengths of laser radar - Google Patents
Method for matching transmitting and receiving wavelengths of laser radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN112485802B CN112485802B CN202011331816.4A CN202011331816A CN112485802B CN 112485802 B CN112485802 B CN 112485802B CN 202011331816 A CN202011331816 A CN 202011331816A CN 112485802 B CN112485802 B CN 112485802B
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- bragg grating
- volume bragg
- reflective volume
- matching
- signal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for matching receiving and transmitting wavelengths of a laser radar, which comprises a narrow linewidth pulse laser, an optical transmitting system, a beam splitter prism, a reflector, a reflective volume Bragg grating, an optical receiving system, a volume grating rotation control module, a photodiode rotation control module, a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module and a detector. The method can realize the matching of the central wavelengths of the laser radar transmitting system and the laser radar receiving system. The Bragg diffraction angle characteristics of two surfaces of the volume Bragg grating are respectively utilized to respectively enable the divided reference light and the signal light received by the receiving system to respectively enter the two surfaces, so that Bragg diffraction can be simultaneously generated at the same angle, and the effect of matching the central wavelengths of the transmitted signal and the received signal can be further achieved. The method is particularly suitable for lidar systems which operate for long periods of time or which use tunable lasers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to laser radar detection under long-distance strong background light, in particular to a method for matching transmitting and receiving wavelengths of a laser radar.
Background
When the laser radar system works under the strong background light condition, the laser radar system needs to carry out spectrum filtering, so that a narrow-band filter matched with the central wavelength of laser emission needs to be found, the process difficulty of the narrow-band filter is higher in practice, and the difficulty of wavelength matching of receiving and transmitting of the laser radar system is greatly increased.
The reflective volume grating has a very narrow filter bandwidth, and can take into account light outside most of the center wavelength when satisfying its bragg diffraction condition.
The reflective type volume grating has good stability, extremely high laser damage threshold value and certain angle characteristic of diffraction, and can realize tunable filtering, so that the Bragg diffraction angle of emitted laser can be searched by changing the incident angle of the reflective type volume grating, and the effect of matching the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the detection performance of a laser radar system applied under the condition of strong background light in the daytime. The method of the invention utilizes a piece of reflective volume Bragg grating to realize the real-time automatic matching of the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar, thereby improving the practicability of the laser radar system and avoiding the complexity of the process of realizing the wavelength matching when the interference filter is used for carrying out spectrum filtering in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for matching receiving and transmitting wavelengths of a laser radar comprises a narrow-linewidth pulse laser, an optical transmitting system, a beam splitter prism, a reflector, a reflective volume Bragg grating, an optical receiving system, a reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module, a photodiode rotation control module, a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module and a detector. The narrow linewidth pulse laser emits narrow linewidth and high repetition frequency laser, and the laser is input into the beam splitting prism through the optical emission system and is divided into two parts: a small part of light enters the reflector, the light reflected by the reflector is input to a first surface of the reflective volume Bragg grating, the reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module is utilized to rotate the reflective volume Bragg grating so that the diffraction intensity of the light reflected by the reflector to the reflective volume Bragg grating is the highest, diffracted light is received by the photodiode, an optical signal is converted into an electric signal and is input to the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module, and when the signal processing module obtains the maximum diffraction efficiency by processing the received optical signal, the information is fed back to the reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module so as to obtain an angle which enables the diffraction efficiency of the light beam to be the maximum; most of light is emitted to a target, a target scattering echo enters the optical receiving system, passes through the reflective volume Bragg grating after passing through the optical receiving system, and is received by the detector after being diffracted by the reflective volume Bragg grating. At this time, the angle of incidence on the reflective volume bragg grating is the angle of incidence with the maximum diffraction efficiency, so that the effect of matching the transmitting and receiving wavelengths of the laser radar is achieved.
Further, the spectral width of the narrow linewidth pulsed laser is less than the spectral width of the volume bragg grating.
Furthermore, two surfaces of the reflection type volume Bragg grating are both plated with antireflection films with corresponding wave bands, so that the suppression performance of background light is further improved.
Furthermore, the spectral bandwidth of the reflective volume Bragg grating is less than 100nm, and the perfect matching with the spectral bandwidth of the laser can be realized.
Furthermore, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective volume Bragg grating is more than ninety-five percent, the attenuation of the light intensity of the signal is further reduced, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal is improved.
Furthermore, the diffraction center wavelength of the reflective volume Bragg grating changes along with the change of the incident angle according to a certain relation, so that the receiving and transmitting wavelength matching of the laser radar under the condition of a tunable laser can be realized.
Furthermore, the two surfaces of the reflective volume Bragg grating have the same diffraction angle characteristics, so that the utilization rate of the volume Bragg grating can be improved, and the volume and the complexity of a system can be reduced.
Further, the accuracy in wavelength matching depends on the size of the angular resolution of the rotation control module used.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition module transmits the electric signal converted by the photodiode to the signal processing module, the signal processing module is used for carrying out corresponding processing to obtain the angle with the maximum diffraction light intensity, and the angle is fed back to the volume grating rotation control module, so that the real-time automatic matching of the transmitting wavelength and the receiving wavelength of the laser radar is realized. .
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the spectral width of the volume Bragg grating is less than 100pm, so that the laser radar has a higher signal-to-noise ratio after spectral filtering.
2. By utilizing the diffraction angle characteristic of the volume grating and changing the incident angle of the volume grating, the diffraction center wavelength can be changed, thereby achieving the effect of wavelength matching.
3. The method only needs to control the volume grating to rotate, and ensures the accuracy of wavelength matching.
4. The signal processing module and the rotation control module are used jointly, and closed-loop real-time automatic matching of the laser emission wavelength and the receiving wavelength of the receiving system can be achieved.
5. The reflective volume Bragg grating has good stability and large laser damage threshold, and can effectively improve the working capacity of the laser radar under long-time and long-distance conditions.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for matching transmit and receive wavelengths of a lidar according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is a method for matching transmit-receive wavelengths of a laser radar, in fig. 1, a black solid arrow is emergent light, a gray arrow is echo light, a black dotted arrow is an electrical signal, and a gray dotted arrow is a body grating normal. A method for matching receiving and transmitting wavelengths of a laser radar comprises a narrow linewidth pulse laser (1), an optical transmitting system (2), a beam splitter prism (3), a reflector (4), a reflective volume Bragg grating (5), an optical receiving system (6), a reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module (7), a photodiode (8), a photodiode rotation control module (9), a signal acquisition module (R) and a signal processing module
Detector
The narrow linewidth pulse laser emits narrow linewidth and high repetition frequency laser, and the laser is input into the beam splitting prism through the optical emission system and is divided into two parts: a small part of the light enters the reflector, and the light reflected by the reflector is input into the reflective volume Bragg gratingThe first surface of the grating rotates the reflection type volume Bragg grating by using the reflection type volume Bragg grating rotation control module, so that the diffraction intensity of light reflected to the reflection type volume Bragg grating by the reflector is highest, diffracted light is received by the photodiode, an optical signal is converted into an electric signal and is input into the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module, and when the signal processing module obtains the maximum diffraction efficiency by processing the received optical signal, the information is fed back to the reflection type volume Bragg grating rotation control module, so that the angle for enabling the diffraction efficiency of the light beam to be the maximum is obtained; most of the light is emitted to the target
And the target scattered echo enters the optical receiving system, passes through the reflective volume Bragg grating after passing through the optical receiving system, is diffracted by the reflective volume Bragg grating and is received by the detector. At this time, the angle of incidence on the volume Bragg grating is the Bragg diffraction angle with the maximum diffraction efficiency, so that the effect of matching the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar is achieved.
The optical emission system consists of a single lens or a plurality of lenses, and plays a role in collimating and expanding the laser light, so that the emergent laser light has proper spot size and divergence angle.
And two optical surfaces of the reflective volume Bragg grating are plated with anti-reflection films with corresponding wave bands, so that background light is further inhibited.
The optical receiving system consists of a single lens or a plurality of lenses, plays a role in expanding and collimating the echo light, and enables the echo light to have proper spot size and divergence angle incident on the reflective volume Bragg grating.
The signal processing module carries out signal processing on the obtained electric signal from the photodiode and feeds back the obtained maximum optical signal intensity information to the diode rotation control module and the reflection type volume Bragg grating rotation control module.
The reflection type volume Bragg grating rotation module adjusts the angle through feedback information after signal processing, and then the angle meeting the requirement that the reference light generates Bragg diffraction on the surface of the reflection type volume Bragg grating is obtained.
According to the specific embodiment, the invention is a method for matching the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar, and compared with the traditional wavelength matching method, the problem of searching the interference filter matched with the central wavelength of the transmitted laser in the process is solved. By utilizing the angle characteristic of the volume grating, the closed-loop real-time automatic matching of the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar system can be realized, and the practicability of the laser radar system in severe environment and multifunctional measurement application is improved.
The foregoing detailed description is provided for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any simple modification, variation or replacement based on the technical solution of the present invention can provide a new technical solution which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for a lidar, comprising: the method comprises a narrow-linewidth pulse laser ((1)), an optical emitting system ((2)), a beam splitter prism ((3)), a reflecting mirror ((4)), a reflective volume Bragg grating ((5)), an optical receiving system ((6)), a reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module ((7)), a photodiode ((8)), a photodiode rotation control module ((9)), a signal acquisition module (r), and a signal processing module
And a detector
The narrow linewidth pulse laser emits narrow linewidth and high repetition frequency laser, and the laser is input into the beam splitting prism through the optical emission system and is divided into two parts: wherein a small part of the light enters the reflector, the light reflected by the reflector is input to the first surface of the reflective volume Bragg grating, and the reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module is utilized to rotate the reflective volume Bragg gratingThe grating enables the diffraction intensity of light reflected to the reflective volume Bragg grating by the reflector to be the highest, diffracted light is received by the photodiode, an optical signal is converted into an electric signal and is input into the signal acquisition module and the signal processing module, and when the signal processing module obtains the maximum diffraction efficiency by processing the received optical signal, the information is fed back to the reflective volume Bragg grating rotation control module, so that the angle enabling the diffraction efficiency of the light beam to be the maximum is obtained; most of the light is emitted to the target
And the target scattering echo enters the optical receiving system, passes through the reflective volume Bragg grating after passing through the optical receiving system, is received by the detector after being diffracted by the reflective volume Bragg grating, and at the moment, the incident angle on the reflective volume Bragg grating is the incident angle with the maximum diffraction efficiency, so that the effect of matching the receiving and transmitting wavelengths of the laser radar is achieved.
2. The method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for lidar of claim 1, wherein: the spectral width of the narrow linewidth pulse laser is smaller than that of the reflective volume Bragg grating.
3. The method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for lidar of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the reflection type volume Bragg grating is plated with an antireflection film with a corresponding wave band.
4. The method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for lidar according to claim 1, wherein: the spectral width of the reflective volume Bragg grating is less than 100pm.
5. The method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for lidar according to claim 1, wherein: the diffraction efficiency of the reflective volume Bragg grating is more than ninety-five percent.
6. The method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for lidar of claim 1, wherein: the diffraction center wavelength of the reflective volume Bragg grating changes with the change of an incident angle according to a certain relation.
7. The method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for lidar according to claim 1, wherein: and the two surfaces of the reflective volume Bragg grating have the same diffraction angle characteristic.
8. The method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for lidar according to claim 1, wherein: the accuracy of the method in wavelength matching depends on the size of the angular resolution of the rotation control module used.
9. The method for transmit-receive wavelength matching for lidar according to claim 1, wherein: the signal acquisition module transmits the electric signal converted by the photodiode to the signal processing module, the angle with the maximum diffraction light intensity is obtained by the signal processing module and is fed back to the volume grating rotation control module, and then the real-time automatic matching of the transmitting wavelength and the receiving wavelength of the laser radar is realized.
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| CN202011331816.4A CN112485802B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Method for matching transmitting and receiving wavelengths of laser radar |
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| CN202011331816.4A CN112485802B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Method for matching transmitting and receiving wavelengths of laser radar |
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| CN112485802B true CN112485802B (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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| US7394842B2 (en) * | 2000-01-04 | 2008-07-01 | Research Foundation Of The University Of Central Florida, Inc. | Volume bragg lasers based on high efficiency diffractive elements in photo-thermo-refractive glass |
| KR100488221B1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-05-10 | 주식회사 파이버프로 | Fiber Bragg grating sensor system |
| CN1278461C (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2006-10-04 | 浙江大学 | Pump method of realizing feedback pregue first class laser output of gain raster distribution |
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| US7986407B2 (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2011-07-26 | Ondax, Inc. | Method and apparatus using volume holographic wavelength blockers |
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| CN101771237B (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2012-03-28 | 湖南大学 | Parametric amplification or parametric conversion system of adjustable broadband laser pulse of spectral response curve |
| US20130259071A1 (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2013-10-03 | Photon Etc Inc. | Broadband optical accumulator and tunable laser using a supercontinuum cavity |
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| CN104570378B (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2017-02-22 | 苏州大学 | Broadband angle selection optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104597436B (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2017-08-11 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of spectrum device applied to imaging laser radar |
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