CN108519591B - Real-time high-precision monitoring device for laser ranging light beam pointing - Google Patents
Real-time high-precision monitoring device for laser ranging light beam pointing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108519591B CN108519591B CN201810302063.0A CN201810302063A CN108519591B CN 108519591 B CN108519591 B CN 108519591B CN 201810302063 A CN201810302063 A CN 201810302063A CN 108519591 B CN108519591 B CN 108519591B
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing, which comprises: 45 degree reflector, transmitting telescope, right angle combined reflector, receiving telescope, spectroscope, monitoring CCD, acousto-optic modulator, controllable small aperture diaphragm, collimating mirror and detector. The emitted laser is emitted and output by the emitting telescope, most of the emitted laser penetrates through the right-angle combined reflector in the emitting light path, and part of the emitted laser is reflected by the right-angle combined reflector and is transmitted into the receiving telescope to the spectroscope in parallel and opposite to the emitting light path. A small portion is detected by the monitoring CCD through the spectroscope, and the others are reflected. When the acousto-optic modulator works, the reflected light beam deflects to the edge of the controllable aperture diaphragm, so that the damage of light to the detector is avoided; when the acousto-optic modulator is not in operation, the laser echo can penetrate through the controllable aperture diaphragm, the collimating mirror and the detector. The real-time monitoring of the beam direction is beneficial to the real-time aiming of a detection target in the laser ranging, and the development of the laser ranging, particularly the satellite laser ranging is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser ranging, in particular to a device for real-time monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing.
Background
The laser ranging has the advantages of high precision, long ranging distance and the like, and is widely applied to position measurement of space targets such as satellites and space fragments. The artificial satellite is widely applied to the fields of communication, scientific surveying and experiments, military defense, meteorology and the like, the global positioning system GPS and the Beidou positioning system in China are widely applied to social activities and lives of people, the life style of people is changed profoundly, and the development of human beings is promoted. Meanwhile, in the process of exploring the space, more and more artificial satellites and deep space probes are emitted to the space. In the harsh high-radiation, vacuum, gravity-free space environment, these human-made aircraft often run the risk of positional deviation, damage, etc., thereby gradually losing their functionality. The satellite laser ranging is a conventional means for satellite orbit determination and monitoring due to the advantages of long ranging distance, high ranging precision and the like, and is valued by various countries.
The satellite distance is long, the speed is high, the laser beam in the satellite laser ranging system can accurately aim and hit the laser reflector of the satellite, the emitted laser is reflected to the ground, then the emitted laser is received by the receiving telescope of the laser ranging system and is detected by the single photon detector which is a detection terminal of the ranging system, an echo signal is output, and the laser ranging is realized. The article design and debugging of the folding axis emission system of the second generation satellite laser range finder in the 7 th stage of 1985 of Shanghai astronomical desk annual journal of Chinese academy of sciences of Yangfmin, Dongyun ice, Chen Wanzhen, Zhu Min Ming, Tan De Tong, Chua Shifu and Luwen Hu proposes that He-Ne red light is coincided with emission laser, and the He-Ne red light is parallel and reflected to a receiving telescope by a combined tetrahedral prism through the emission telescope to realize detection, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the emission laser through the He-Ne red light. However, the article mentions that the superposition of two paths of light beams with different colors has certain difficulty, and the parallelism is difficult to adjust to be within +/-15 arc seconds; the subsequent adjustment and monitoring of the emitted laser under small energy can avoid the damage of the narrow band filter and photomultiplier in the eye and receiving system, and the emitted laser under full power has deviation of +/-10 arc second due to certain deviation between the direction of the low power laser beam and the direction of the high power laser beam. In the actual process of measuring the star, the laser is required to be transmitted to be output at full power, so that the damage to a receiving system can be influenced when the laser is transmitted at full power, and the difficulty in real-time high-precision monitoring of the laser beam when the laser is transmitted at full power is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam direction, which employs a right-angle reflection combination mirror, an acousto-optic modulator, a controllable aperture diaphragm and other devices, wherein the laser beam is deflected under the action of the acousto-optic modulator in the monitoring process and is blocked by the edge of the controllable aperture diaphragm, so that the laser beam cannot penetrate through the controllable aperture diaphragm and reach a detector, thereby avoiding the damage of the detector in a receiving system and satisfying the real-time monitoring when the laser is transmitted at full power. Due to the transmission of light, the distance between the laser echo reflected by the satellite and the monitoring laser is different, and a certain time delay exists between the laser echo and the monitoring laser, so that after the laser echo reaches a receiving system, the acousto-optic modulator does not work, and the receiving detection of the laser echo is realized by penetrating through the controllable small-hole diaphragm, the collimating mirror and the detector through loading a corresponding delay signal on the acousto-optic modulator.
The invention provides a device for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing, which comprises:
45-degree reflecting mirror, transmitting telescope, right-angle reflecting combined mirror, receiving telescope, spectroscope, monitoring CCD, acousto-optic modulator, controllable aperture diaphragm, collimating mirror and detector. The emitted laser sequentially passes through the emitting telescope and the right-angle reflection combined mirror through the 45-degree reflecting mirror, most of the laser penetrates through the right-angle combined mirror, and part of the laser is reflected in parallel with the emitted laser beam through the right-angle reflection combined mirror and then passes through the receiving telescope to the spectroscope; a small part of light is measured by the monitoring CCD through the spectroscope, and the majority of light is measured by the acousto-optic modulator through the spectroscope; at the moment, the acousto-optic modulator works, light beam emission deflects to the edge of the controllable small-hole diaphragm to be blocked, the light beam cannot penetrate through the controllable small-hole light path, and the collimating mirror reaches the detector. While light backscattered in the atmosphere by the emitted laser light is also deflected to the edge of the controllable aperture stop. And the monitoring CCD monitors that the emitted laser light intensity is greater than the intensity of the back-scattering. And when the laser echo of the emitted laser to the satellite returns, the acousto-optic modulator does not work, the laser echo penetrates through the controllable small hole light path, and the collimating mirror reaches the detector, so that the detection of the satellite laser echo is realized.
As a further improvement of the invention, the 45-degree total reflection mirrors are provided with high reflection films consistent with the emitted laser, and the included angle between the incident light and the emitted light is 90 degrees.
As a further improvement of the invention, the transmitting telescope is composed of a concave lens and a convex lens, and the telescope magnification is the quotient of the curvature of the convex lens divided by the curvature of the concave lens; and the adjustment of the divergence angle of the emitted laser can be realized by adjusting the distance between the concave lens and the convex lens.
As a further improvement of the invention, the right-angle reflecting combined mirror is composed of a first 45-degree total reflection mirror, a second 45-degree total reflection mirror and a mounting workpiece, wherein the first 45-degree total reflection mirror and the second 45-degree total reflection mirror are perpendicular to each other, are mounted on the mounting workpiece and are firmly fixed on the telescope. The first 45-degree total reflection mirror is plated with a reflection film consistent with the wavelength of emitted laser, the reflection power of the reflection film is about-20 mW, and the reflectivity is the reflection power divided by the power of the emitted laser. The second 45-degree total reflection mirror is plated with a high reflection film consistent with the wavelength of emitted laser. The emitted laser reflected by the right-angle reflection combined mirror (3) is completely parallel to the emitted laser, and the transmission direction is opposite.
As a further improvement of the invention, the monitoring CCD has wide response bandwidth, can respond to the wavelength of the solar light reflected by the emitted laser and the satellite, and realizes the monitoring of the emitted laser and the satellite.
As a further improvement of the invention, the acousto-optic modulator is plated with an anti-reflection film matched with the wavelength of the emitted laser, has no polarization requirement on the emitted laser, has a light-passing aperture of 3-8 mm, and modulates the deflection of a light beam to 15-20 mrad.
As a further improvement of the invention, the controllable aperture diaphragm can be controlled and adjusted through electric drive, and the control range is 50 μm-3 mm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the detector can be a single photon detector or other photoelectric detector, and the working period of the detector can be controlled by electric driving.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device for monitoring the emitted laser in the laser ranging process in real time and high precision is provided, the emitted laser can be monitored accurately in real time, and the aiming of a detection target in the laser ranging process is improved. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1. the right-angle reflecting combined mirror is used for realizing that part of laser in the transmitted laser is parallel and the transmitted laser is reversely incident into the receiving telescope, and ensuring that the transmitted laser and the monitoring beam are parallel in real time with high precision.
2. The spectroscope is adopted to realize that the light path is divided into two paths, one path is used for monitoring the monitoring CCD, and the other path is used for the detector.
3. By adopting the acousto-optic modulator and the controllable small-hole light path, the deflection of the detector light path in the monitoring light path is realized, and the damage risk of the detector is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an optical path monitoring apparatus for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of laser echo reception of a device for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the acousto-optic modulator of the apparatus for real-time high-accuracy monitoring of the laser ranging beam pointing shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of the switching states of the acousto-optic modulator of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 for real-time high accuracy monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing;
in the figure, 1, 45 ° reflecting mirrors; 2. a transmitting telescope; 21. a transmitting telescope concave lens; 21. a transmitting telescope convex lens; 3. a right-angle reflecting combined mirror; 31. a first 45 ° total reflection mirror; 32. a second 45-degree total reflection mirror 33, a mounting workpiece 4 and a receiving telescope; 41. a sub mirror 42, a catadioptric mirror 43, and a main mirror; 5. a beam splitter; 6. monitoring the CCD; 7. an acousto-optic modulator; 8. a controllable aperture diaphragm; 9. a collimating mirror; 10. and a detector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a method for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a 45 ° reflector 1, a transmitting telescope 2, a right-angle reflecting combined mirror 3, a receiving telescope 4, a spectroscope 5, a monitoring CCD 6, an acousto-optic modulator 7, a controllable aperture stop 8, a collimating mirror 9, and a detector 10 along the path of a transmitted laser beam.
The transmitted laser is reflected by a 45-degree reflector 1 and penetrates through a transmitting telescope 2 to a right-angle reflection combined mirror 3, most of the laser penetrates through the right-angle reflection combined mirror 3, and part of the laser is antiparallel to a receiving telescope 4 through the right-angle reflection combined mirror 3 and the transmitted laser; the light is transmitted to a spectroscope 5 through a receiving telescope 4, a small part of the light is monitored by a monitoring CCD 6 through the spectroscope 5, and a large part of the light passes through an acousto-optic modulator 7 through the spectroscope 5; at the moment, the acousto-optic modulator 7 works, light beam emission deflects to the edge of the controllable small-hole diaphragm 8 to be blocked, and the light beam cannot penetrate through the controllable small-hole diaphragm 8, the collimating mirror 9 to the detector 10, so that real-time high-precision monitoring of emitted laser is realized.
The transmitting telescope 2 consists of a concave lens 21 and a convex lens 22, and the expanding magnification of the telescope is the quotient of the curvature of the convex lens 22 divided by the curvature of the concave lens 21; by adjusting the distance between the concave lens 21 and the convex lens 22, the divergence angle of the emitted laser light can be adjusted. The right-angle reflecting combined mirror 3 is composed of a first 45-degree total reflection mirror 31, a second 45-degree total reflection mirror 32 and a mounting workpiece 33. The first 45-degree total reflection mirror 31 is coated with a reflection film consistent with the wavelength of emitted laser, the reflection power of the reflection film is about-20 mW, and the reflectivity of the reflection film is the reflection power divided by the power of the emitted laser. The second 45 deg. total reflection mirror 32 is coated with a highly reflective film that is coincident with the wavelength of the emitted laser light. The emitted laser light reflected by the right-angle reflection combined mirror 3 is completely parallel to the emitted laser light. The monitoring CCD 6 has wide response bandwidth, can respond to the wavelength of the emitted laser and the solar light reflected by the satellite, and realizes the monitoring of the emitted laser and the satellite. The acousto-optic modulator 7 has high transmittance for transmitting laser wavelength, has no polarization requirement for transmitting laser, has a light-passing aperture of 3-8 mm, and modulates the deflection of a light beam to 15-20 mrad. The controllable aperture diaphragm 8 can be controlled and adjusted through electric drive, and the control range is 50 mu m-3 mm. The detector 10, which may be a single photon detector or other photodetector, may be electrically driven to control its operation. The receiving telescope 4 is composed of a secondary mirror 41 and a primary mirror 43 of a catadioptric mirror 42.
Referring to fig. 2, the laser ranging beam is directed to the laser echo reception of the real-time high-precision monitoring device. The acousto-optic modulator 7 does not work, laser echo penetrates through the controllable small-hole diaphragm 8 and the collimating mirror 9 to the detector 10, and detection of satellite laser echo is achieved.
Referring to fig. 3, which is a working schematic diagram of the acousto-optic modulator, when the acousto-optic modulator 7 does not work, the optical path does not deviate; when the acousto-optic modulator works, the light path emits diffraction, and the light path deviates from the original light path.
Referring to FIG. 4, a timing diagram of the switching states of the acousto-optic modulator is shown. When the laser is emitted, the acousto-optic modulator 7 works, and the backward scattering light path of the part of the emitted laser reflected by the right-angle combination mirror and the emitted laser scattered back by the atmosphere deviates from the original light path and cannot penetrate through the controllable aperture diaphragm. When the laser echo reflected by the satellite is received, the acousto-optic modulator 7 does not work, and the laser echo penetrates through the small hole light path and is received and detected by the detector 10.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A device for real-time high-accuracy monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing, comprising: the device comprises a 45-degree reflector, a transmitting telescope, a right-angle reflecting combined mirror, a receiving telescope, a spectroscope, a monitoring CCD (charge coupled device), an acousto-optic modulator, a controllable aperture diaphragm, a collimating mirror and a detector;
the right-angle reflection combined mirror is composed of a first 45-degree total reflection mirror, a second 45-degree total reflection mirror and a mounting workpiece, wherein the first 45-degree total reflection mirror and the second 45-degree total reflection mirror are perpendicular to each other, are mounted on the mounting workpiece and are firmly fixed on the telescope, and the transmitted laser reflected by the right-angle reflection combined mirror is completely parallel to the transmitted laser and has opposite propagation directions;
the laser ranging beam points to the real-time high-precision monitoring device working process: transmitting laser light to a right-angle reflection combined mirror through a transmitting telescope after being reflected by a 45-degree reflecting mirror, transmitting most of the laser light to the right-angle reflection combined mirror, and enabling part of the laser light to be in reverse parallel with the transmitting laser light to a receiving telescope through the right-angle reflection combined mirror; the light is transmitted to a spectroscope through a receiving telescope, a small part of light is monitored by a monitoring CCD through the spectroscope, and a large part of light passes through an acousto-optic modulator through the spectroscope; at the moment, the acousto-optic modulator works, light beam emission deflects to the edge of the controllable small-hole diaphragm to be blocked, and the light beam cannot penetrate through the controllable small-hole diaphragm and the collimating mirror to the detector, so that real-time high-precision monitoring of emitted laser is realized.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmitting telescope is composed of a concave lens and a convex lens, and the telescope magnification is the quotient of the curvature of the convex lens divided by the curvature of the concave lens; by adjusting the distance between the concave lens and the convex lens, the divergence angle of emitted laser can be adjusted.
3. The device for real-time high precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing according to claim 1, wherein the first 45 ° holomirror is coated with a reflective film corresponding to the emitted laser wavelength, the reflective film having a reflection power of about-20 mW and a reflectivity of the reflected power divided by the emitted laser power; the second 45-degree total reflection mirror is plated with a high reflection film consistent with the wavelength of emitted laser.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the monitoring CCD has a wide response bandwidth, and is capable of responding to the wavelength of the laser emitted and the wavelength of the sunlight reflected by the satellite, thereby enabling monitoring of the laser emitted and the satellite.
5. The device for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing according to claim 1, wherein the acousto-optic modulator has a clear aperture of 3-8 mm, a deflection modulation of the beam of 15-20 mrad, and is coated with a high-transmittance film consistent with the emission wavelength.
6. The device for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing according to claim 1, wherein the controllable aperture diaphragm is placed at the focus of the convergent light path of the receiving telescope and can be electrically driven to adjust the aperture, and the adjustment range can be from 50um to 3 mm.
7. The device for real-time high-precision monitoring of laser ranging beam pointing according to claim 1, wherein the detector is a single photon detector or other types of photoelectric detectors, can detect single photons or weak light signals, has high sensitivity, and can be electrically driven to control the working period.
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| CN201810302063.0A CN108519591B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Real-time high-precision monitoring device for laser ranging light beam pointing |
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| CN201810302063.0A CN108519591B (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2018-04-04 | Real-time high-precision monitoring device for laser ranging light beam pointing |
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| CN109709667B (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-11-13 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Disconnect-type pyramid based on electricity mirror |
| CN115327561B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-04-18 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | Laser ranging active tracking device |
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| JP2005091286A (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-04-07 | Nec Corp | Laser ranging finding device |
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