CN112483105A - Rock breaking method of inner and outer cutter heads TBM (Tunnel boring machine) based on pulse jet flow and point treatment - Google Patents
Rock breaking method of inner and outer cutter heads TBM (Tunnel boring machine) based on pulse jet flow and point treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112483105A CN112483105A CN202011213923.7A CN202011213923A CN112483105A CN 112483105 A CN112483105 A CN 112483105A CN 202011213923 A CN202011213923 A CN 202011213923A CN 112483105 A CN112483105 A CN 112483105A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002018 water-jet injection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse jet flow and point treatment based inner and outer cutter TBM rock breaking method. The method comprises the following steps: installing an inner cutter head TBM device and an outer cutter head TBM device based on pulse jet flow and point treatment, and aligning the TBM cutter head to the position of a chamber to be excavated; step two: fixing a TBM outer frame, starting an inner cutter TBM device and an outer cutter TBM device based on pulse jet and point treatment, and forming holes in certain arrangement distribution on the surface of a rock mass after a high-pressure water jet structure on a water jet cutter sprays high-pressure water jet to directionally punch holes in the rock mass so as to reduce the compressive strength of the rock mass; rolling and cutting the rock mass with the holes by a mechanical hob on a TBM mechanical cutter head to crack the rock mass; step three: repeating the second step, and starting the next stroke operation until the tunneling reaches the specified distance; and finishing the excavation of the cavern. The invention has the advantages that the rock is pre-perforated and cracked by the high-pressure water jet, the strength of the rock can be reduced, and the rock breaking efficiency of the rock can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underground engineering, in particular to application of a high-pressure water jet rock breaking technology in the field of TBM tunnel construction, and more particularly relates to a pulse jet and point treatment-based rock breaking method for an inner cutterhead and an outer cutterhead TBM.
Background
The Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) has the excellent characteristics of safety, environmental protection, high efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to a plurality of tunnel construction projects such as hydraulic tunnels, mine roadways, traffic tunnels, pipeline national defense and the like. However, the development of the TBM has been to date, and from the conventional walking type, mechanical type, chest closing type and the existing intelligent control integrated TBM equipment, the rock breaking mode of the mechanical hob rolling and breaking the rock is not fundamentally changed, and the improvement of the rock breaking efficiency of the TBM is also restricted.
The high-pressure water jet drilling technology is a mature technology researched in recent years, is applied to the field of rock breaking of TBM cutterheads, is an important innovation for the development of the TBM technology, and can realize great progress in the aspects of mechanical abrasion, working environment improvement of a working surface and the like by combining high-pressure water jet with a mechanical hob rock breaking method. However, the arrangement mode of the high-pressure water jet on the TBM cutterhead is single, and the rock breaking effect is not good.
Therefore, it is demanded to develop a high-pressure water jet rock breaking method which improves the rock breaking effect and improves the rock breaking efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pulse jet plus point treatment-based rock breaking method for inner and outer cutterheads TBM, which is a combined rock breaking mode for coordinating high-pressure water jet directional drilling and mechanical hob rock breaking; according to the invention, the mechanical hob and the high-pressure water jet structure are arranged in different cutter heads in a spatial layering manner, so that the jetting pressure of the high-pressure water jet is improved, and the cutting and crushing depth of the water jet on the surface of a rock body is promoted; the combined rock breaking mode of water jet pulse punching point processing and mechanical hob rolling and crushing is adopted, so that the combined rock breaking mode is innovated, the adaptability of the TBM to tunnel tunneling engineering in different geological environments is favorably improved, and the innovation breakthrough of the rock tunnel tunneling field in China is promoted; the high-pressure water jet structure of the water jet cutterhead is used as a point rock breaking device, the high-pressure water jet is sprayed out of the high-pressure water jet structure and directionally impacts the surface of a rock to form a hole with a certain depth, and the mechanical hob structure on the mechanical cutterhead is used for rolling the hole to break the rock, wherein the impact action of the water jet can break a series of microcracks around the hole, the rock breaking effect is improved, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a rock breaking method of inner and outer cutter TBM based on pulse jet flow and point treatment is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: installing an inner cutter head TBM device and an outer cutter head TBM device based on pulse jet flow and point treatment, and aligning the TBM cutter head to the position of a chamber to be excavated;
step two: fixing a TBM outer frame, and starting an inner cutterhead TBM device based on pulse jet flow and point treatment to enable the TBM to tunnel for one stroke forwards; the specific process is as follows:
the supporting shoe on the outer frame supports the wall of the surrounding rock tunnel tightly, the frame of the whole TBM is fixed, and the rear supporting inner and outer cutter TBM devices based on pulse jet flow and point processing;
firstly, after a high-pressure water jet structure on a water jet cutter head sprays high-pressure water jet to directionally punch holes on a rock mass, holes distributed in a certain arrangement are formed on the surface of the rock mass, and the compressive strength of the rock mass is reduced;
then, rolling and cutting the rock mass with the holes by a mechanical hob on a TBM mechanical cutter disc to crack the rock mass;
shoveling the collapsed rock slag into a belt conveyor by a bucket, and conveying the rock slag out of the hole by the belt conveyor; the combined rock breaking TBM working system extends for one stroke, and the TBM cutter head and a component connected with the TBM cutter head correspondingly move forward for one stroke;
step three: repeating the second step, and starting the next stroke operation until the tunneling reaches the specified distance; and finishing the excavation of the cavern.
In the technical scheme, in the step one, the inner and outer cutter head TBM device based on pulse jet flow + point treatment comprises a TBM cutter head, a rotary drive, an outer frame, a rear support and a supporting shoe on the outer frame;
the TBM cutterhead is in a spatial layered structure with an upper cutterhead and a lower cutterhead; a spoke plate is arranged on the TBM cutter head; the high-pressure water jet structures are respectively arranged on the radials.
In the technical scheme, the TBM cutter head comprises a mechanical cutter head and a water jet cutter head; the mechanical cutter head is positioned on the outer side of the water jet cutter head; the mechanical cutter head is connected with the rotary drive.
In the technical scheme, the mechanical cutter head is of a spoke plate type structure.
In the technical scheme, a spoke plate gap is formed between every two adjacent spoke plates.
In the technical scheme, a plurality of mechanical hob structures are arranged on the web plate at intervals;
the number of the high-pressure water jet structures is multiple, and the high-pressure water jet structures are arranged on the water jet cutter head at intervals;
the mechanical hob structure and the high-pressure water jet structure are circumferentially arranged;
and the row of mechanical hob structures are positioned between the two rows of high-pressure water jet structures.
In the technical scheme, the high-pressure water jet structure is in a pulse jet mode;
and the pulse rule of the high-pressure water jet structure is adjusted according to the rotating speed and the actual working condition of the mechanical cutter head.
In the technical scheme, in the second step, when the mechanical cutter head is driven to rotate by the rotary drive, when the mechanical cutter head rotates to the web plate gap and is superposed with the high-pressure water jet structure, the water sump supplies water to the high-pressure water jet structure through the water jet external water pipeline, and the high-pressure water jet is sprayed out of the high-pressure water jet structure to directionally punch the rock mass;
and when the mechanical cutter head rotates to the radial plate gap and the high-pressure water jet structure is staggered, stopping jetting by the high-pressure water jet structure, and rolling and crushing the drilled rock by the mechanical hob structure.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the point processing rock breaking method based on the pulse jet is innovated, and the rock breaking mode of the mechanical hob is combined, so that the strength of the rock can be reduced by pre-punching and fracturing the rock by the high-pressure water jet;
(2) compared with the combined rock breaking technology that a mechanical hob and high-pressure water jet rotate to break rock at the same time, the invention has no sealing problem of a rotary joint of a water jet pipeline in a high-pressure state when the high-pressure water jet rotates to break rock; the water jet cutter head is a fixed mechanism, a rotary sealing joint is not needed, and the economical efficiency is higher; simultaneously, the water jet cutter head irrotational can provide bigger sealing pressure, is favorable to the deepening of the high pressure water jet drilling degree of depth, and then promotes the breakage of rock, improves whole TBM's broken rock efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the device for the inner cutterhead and the outer cutterhead of the TBM.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rock breaking working result of the device for the inner cutterhead and the outer cutterhead of the TBM.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical cutter head in the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a water jet cutter head according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a TBM cutterhead in the present invention.
In fig. 1, G1 represents a retractable water pipe, G2 represents a high-pressure water pipe, wherein the retractable water pipe G1 is connected to the high-pressure water pipe G2 to supply water in the sump to the high-pressure water jet structure; b denotes a high-pressure water jet.
In fig. 2, G1 denotes a retractable water pipe; b represents high-pressure water jet punching; and C represents a rock formation.
In fig. 3, 4, and 5, Q2 represents the TBM cutter head rotation direction.
In the figure, 1-spoke plate, 1.1-spoke plate gap, 2-mechanical hob structure, 3-high-pressure water jet structure, 4-TBM cutter head, 4.1-mechanical cutter head, 4.2-water jet cutter head, 5-rotary drive, 6-hole, 7-oil hydraulic cylinder, 8-shield, 9-outer frame, 10-rear support, 11-upper support shoe of outer frame, 12-propulsion oil cylinder, 13-transmission conveyor, 14-bucket and 15-water sump.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
The invention provides a mechanical-pulse jet flow point processing combined rock breaking TBM for efficiently breaking rock, wherein a mechanical hob is arranged on a mechanical cutterhead and used for breaking rock, and a water jet cutterhead is positioned behind the combined rock breaking TBM cutterhead and sprays high-pressure water jet to assist in breaking rock; when the TBM works, a hob on the mechanical cutter disc directly rolls the rock, and a high-pressure water jet structure on the water jet cutter disc sprays high-pressure water jet when a web plate gap of the mechanical cutter disc exists, so that cracking of the rock is promoted, and rock breaking efficiency is improved; when the mechanical cutter head works in a TBM (tunnel boring machine), rotating to break rock, and when the high-pressure water jet structure 3 on the water jet cutter head 4.2 is positioned in a spoke plate gap of the mechanical cutter head, jetting high-pressure water jet to punch on a rock mass; and when the high-pressure water jet structure 3 is shielded by the spoke plate of the mechanical cutter head, the high-pressure water jet stops being sprayed, so that the rock breaking is assisted.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: a rock breaking method of inner and outer cutter TBM based on pulse jet flow and point treatment is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: installing an inner cutterhead TBM device and an outer cutterhead TBM device based on pulse jet flow and point treatment, and aligning a TBM cutterhead 4 to the position of a grotto to be excavated;
step two: fixing a TBM outer frame, and starting an inner cutterhead TBM device based on pulse jet flow and point treatment to enable the TBM to tunnel for one stroke forwards; the specific process is as follows:
the supporting shoes 11 on the outer frame support the surrounding rock tunnel wall tightly, and the whole frame of the TBM is fixed, so that the tunneling is convenient; the propulsion oil cylinder 12 applies thrust to the cutter head body 1, and the TBM is pushed out and tunneled forwards;
firstly, after a high-pressure water jet structure 3 on a water jet cutter 4.2 positioned behind a mechanical cutter 4.1 sprays high-pressure water jet to directionally punch holes on a rock mass, holes distributed in a certain arrangement are formed on the surface of the rock mass, the compressive strength of the rock mass is reduced, and the stress of the rock mass is released;
then, the mechanical cutter head 4.1 and the mechanical hob structure 2 are driven to rotate by a rotation drive 5 of a combined rock breaking TBM working system, and the mechanical hob on the TBM mechanical cutter head rolls and cuts on the rock mass with holes, so that the rock mass is fractured;
the collapsed rock slag is shoveled into the belt conveyor 10 by a bucket 11 and is transported out of the hole by the belt conveyor 10; the combined rock breaking TBM working system extends for one stroke, and the TBM cutter head 4 and a component connected with the TBM cutter head 4 correspondingly move forward for one stroke;
step three: repeating the second step, and starting the next stroke operation until the tunneling reaches the specified distance; and finishing the excavation of the cavern.
Further, in the step one, the inner and outer cutterhead TBM device based on pulse jet flow + point processing comprises a TBM cutterhead 4, a rotary drive 5, an outer frame 9, a rear support 10 and an outer frame upper support shoe 11;
the propulsion oil cylinder 12 is positioned outside the outer frame 9 and connected to the rear end of the outer frame 9;
the outer frame 9 is positioned outside the rotary drive 5;
an outer frame upper supporting shoe 11 is positioned behind the outer frame 9, and the propulsion oil cylinder 12 is respectively fixed on the outer frame 9 and the outer frame upper supporting shoe 11;
a rear support 10 and a water sump 15 are positioned behind the supporting shoes 11 on the outer frame, and the rear support 10 is positioned between the supporting shoes 11 on the outer frame and the water sump 15;
a transmission conveyor 13 is positioned at the inner side of the outer frame 9; a bucket 14 is positioned at the front end of the transmission conveyor 13;
a shield 8 and an oil hydraulic cylinder 7 are arranged on the outer side of the outer frame 9, and two ends of the oil hydraulic cylinder 7 are respectively connected with the outer wall of the outer frame 9 and the inner wall of the shield 8; the combined rock breaking TBM is used for tunnel excavation, and the propulsion oil cylinder propels the TBM cutter head to advance. In the tunneling process, the supporting shoes on the outer rack are used for supporting the wall of the surrounding rock tunnel tightly and fixing the TBM rack, and the rear support is used for supporting the combined rock breaking TBM, so that the tunneling is facilitated. The bucket is used for shoveling rock slag crushed by the cutter head and transporting the rock slag to the outside of the hole by a belt conveyer (as shown in figures 1 and 2);
the TBM cutterhead 4 is of an upper cutterhead and a lower cutterhead spatial layered structure, and the novel combined rock breaking TBM comprises two cutterheads, specifically a mechanical cutterhead and a water jet cutterhead; a spoke plate 1 is arranged on the TBM cutter head 4; the mechanical hob structure 2 is arranged on the spoke plate 1; the mechanical cutter head is in a web type, and a series of mechanical hobs are arranged on the web (as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5).
Further, the TBM cutter head 4 comprises a mechanical cutter head 4.1 and a water jet cutter head 4.2; the mechanical cutter head 4.1 is positioned outside the water jet cutter head 4.2, and the mechanical cutter head is arranged in front of the water jet cutter head; the mechanical cutter head 4.1 is connected with the rotary drive 5; the water jet cutter head does not rotate along with the mechanical cutter head and is fixedly arranged on the whole TBM equipment (as shown in figures 3, 4 and 5).
Further, the mechanical cutter head 4.1 is in a web structure (as shown in fig. 3 and 5), and the mechanical cutter head 4.1 is used for supporting and fixing the mechanical hob structure 2.
Further, a spoke plate gap 1.1 is formed between every two adjacent spoke plates 1 and used for realizing directional punching of the high-pressure water jet structure 3. The mechanical cutter head is driven to rotate by rotation driving, the mechanical hob structure is arranged on the mechanical cutter head, the mechanical cutter head is of a radial plate type structure, and a radial plate gap is formed between every two adjacent radial plates; the weight of the mechanical cutter head is reduced, so that the energy consumption for driving the mechanical cutter head to rotate is reduced, the rock breaking effect is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Furthermore, a plurality of mechanical hob structures 2 are arranged, and the plurality of mechanical hob structures 2 are arranged on the web plate at intervals;
a plurality of high-pressure water jet structures 3 are arranged on the water jet cutter head 4.2 at intervals (as shown in fig. 3 and 4); a series of high-pressure water jet structures are arranged on the water jet cutter head, and the high-pressure water jet structures are arranged at the web plate gap of the mechanical cutter head; after the high-pressure water jet is used for drilling holes in the rock mass, holes distributed in a certain arrangement are formed in the surface of the rock mass, the compressive strength of the rock mass is reduced, and then mechanical hobs on a TBM first mechanical cutterhead roll and cut on the rock mass full of the holes to crack the rock mass;
the mechanical hob structure 2 and the high-pressure water jet structure 3 are circumferentially arranged;
the mechanical hob structures 2 are positioned between the two rows of high-pressure water jet structures 3 which are circumferentially arranged; the row of high-pressure water jet structures 3 are positioned between the two rows of circumferentially arranged mechanical hob structures 2 (as shown in fig. 3), and the mechanical hob rolls the directional hole (i.e. the directional hole formed by jetting the high-pressure water jet structures 3) to break the rock.
Further, the high-pressure water jet structure 3 comprises a high-pressure water nozzle and a high-pressure water pipeline; the high-pressure pulse jet can realize the control of parameters such as jet pulse frequency, water pressure and the like through a rear-end high-pressure water pump and control software thereof;
the high-pressure water nozzle is arranged on the water jet cutter; the high-pressure water nozzle is connected with the water bin through a high-pressure water pipeline; the high-pressure water jet structure 3 is used for jetting water jet to directionally perforate.
Further, the high-pressure water jet structure 3 on the water jet cutter 4.2 is in a pulse jet mode, namely high-pressure water jet injection is carried out at regular intervals;
the pulse law of high-pressure water jet structure 3 is according to the rotational speed and the operating condition of mechanical blade disc 4.1 adjust (namely: the pulse law (that is injection time and interval injection time) of high-pressure water jet are according to the rotational speed and the operating condition of mechanical blade disc adjust), the high-pressure water jet should be located before the injection begins and when stopping mechanical blade disc radials clearance position, and certain start-up time and brake time are reserved in the injection setting, avoid high-pressure water jet to spout on the mechanical blade disc radials of installation mechanical hob. The high-pressure water jet structure 3 is the prior art.
Further, in the second step, the mechanical cutter head 4.1 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive 5, and the mechanical hob structure 2 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive 5 while rotating;
when the mechanical cutter head 4.1 rotates to the web plate gap 1.1 and is superposed with the high-pressure water jet structure 3, the water bin 15 supplies water to the high-pressure water jet structure 3 through the water jet external water pipeline 13, the high-pressure water jet is sprayed out from a nozzle of the high-pressure water jet structure 3, directional drilling is carried out on a rock body, and the rock body impacts the surface of the rock between two adjacent mechanical hob structures 2 to form a hole 6 with a certain depth, and meanwhile, the rock around the hole is broken by the impact of the high-pressure water jet;
when the mechanical cutter head 4.1 rotates to the spoke plate gap 1.1 and the high-pressure water jet structure 3 are staggered, the high-pressure water jet structure 3 stops jetting the high-pressure water jet, and the mechanical hob structure rolls and crushes the drilled rock (as shown in fig. 2).
Furthermore, the combined rock breaking TBM working system comprises a transmission box body, a hydraulic feeding system and a rotary drive; a motor, a torque rotating speed sensor and a speed reducer are arranged in the rotary drive, and two ends of the torque rotating speed sensor are respectively connected with the motor and the speed reducer and used for controlling the rotation of the combined rock breaking TBM cutter head;
the hydraulic feeding system comprises a propulsion oil cylinder and a thrust rod; the thrust oil cylinder is hinged with the thrust rod and connected with the pressure sensor to realize feed and retraction.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the inner and outer cutterhead TBM rock breaking method based on pulse jet flow + point treatment, compared with the prior art, the two technical schemes are compared by workers, and the comparison results are as follows:
from the above table, compared with the prior art, the rock breaking method based on the pulse jet flow plus point treatment for the inner and outer cutterhead TBM has the advantages that the rock breaking mode is that high-pressure water jet flow directional drilling and a mechanical hob cutter are combined to break rock, the rock breaking efficiency is high, and the application range is wide (especially suitable for hard rock excavation).
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. A rock breaking method of inner and outer cutter TBM based on pulse jet flow and point treatment is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
the method comprises the following steps: installing an inner cutterhead TBM device and an outer cutterhead TBM device based on pulse jet flow and point treatment, and aligning a TBM cutterhead (4) to the position of a grotto to be excavated;
step two: fixing a TBM outer frame, and starting an inner cutterhead TBM device based on pulse jet flow and point treatment to enable the TBM to tunnel for one stroke forwards; the specific process is as follows:
a supporting shoe (11) on the outer machine frame supports tightly the wall of the surrounding rock tunnel, fixes the machine frame of the whole TBM, and supports an inner cutterhead TBM device and an outer cutterhead TBM device based on pulse jet flow and point processing;
firstly, after a high-pressure water jet structure (3) on a water jet cutter head (4.2) sprays high-pressure water jet to directionally punch a hole on a rock mass, holes distributed in a certain arrangement are formed on the surface of the rock mass, and the compressive strength of the rock mass is reduced;
then, rolling and cutting the rock mass with the holes by a mechanical hob on a TBM mechanical cutter disc to crack the rock mass;
the collapsed rock slag is shoveled into the belt conveyor (10) by a bucket (11) and is transported out of the hole by the belt conveyor (10); the combined rock breaking TBM working system extends for one stroke, and the TBM cutter head (4) and a component connected with the TBM cutter head (4) correspondingly move forward for one stroke;
step three: repeating the second step, and starting the next stroke operation until the tunneling reaches the specified distance; and finishing the excavation of the cavern.
2. The pulse jet flow + point treatment based inner and outer cutterhead TBM rock breaking method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the inner and outer cutter head TBM device based on pulse jet flow + point treatment comprises a TBM cutter head (4), a rotary drive (5), an outer frame (9), a rear support (10) and an outer frame upper support shoe (11);
the TBM cutter head (4) is in a spatial layered structure with an upper cutter head and a lower cutter head; a spoke plate (1) is arranged on the TBM cutter head (4); the high-pressure water jet structures (3) are respectively arranged on the spoke plates (1).
3. The pulse jet flow + point treatment based inner and outer cutterhead TBM rock breaking method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the TBM cutter head (4) comprises a mechanical cutter head (4.1) and a water jet cutter head (4.2); the mechanical cutter head (4.1) is positioned outside the water jet cutter head (4.2); the mechanical cutter head (4.1) is connected with the rotary drive (5).
4. The pulse jet flow + point treatment based inner and outer cutterhead TBM rock breaking method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the mechanical cutter head (4.1) is of a radial plate type structure.
5. The pulse jet flow + point treatment based inner and outer cutterhead TBM rock breaking method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: and a spoke plate gap (1.1) is arranged between every two adjacent spoke plates (1).
6. The pulse jet flow + point treatment based inner and outer cutterhead TBM rock breaking method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the number of the mechanical hob structures (2) is multiple, and the multiple mechanical hob structures (2) are arranged on the spoke plate (1) at intervals;
the number of the high-pressure water jet structures (3) is multiple, and the high-pressure water jet structures (3) are arranged on the water jet cutter disc (4.2) at intervals;
the mechanical hob structure (2) and the high-pressure water jet structure (3) are circumferentially arranged;
the row of mechanical hob structures (2) is positioned between the two rows of high-pressure water jet structures (3).
7. The pulse jet flow + point treatment based inner and outer cutterhead TBM rock breaking method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the high-pressure water jet structure (3) is in a pulse jet mode;
the pulse rule of the high-pressure water jet structure (3) is adjusted according to the rotating speed and the actual working condition of the mechanical cutter head (4.1).
8. The pulse jet flow + point treatment based inner and outer cutterhead TBM rock breaking method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: in the second step, when the mechanical cutter (4.1) is driven to rotate by the rotary drive (5), when the mechanical cutter (4.1) rotates to the web plate gap (1.1) and is superposed with the high-pressure water jet structure (3), the water sump (15) supplies water to the high-pressure water jet structure (3) through the water jet external water pipeline (13), and the high-pressure water jet is sprayed out from the high-pressure water jet structure (3) to directionally punch the rock mass;
when the mechanical cutter head (4.1) rotates to the spoke plate gap (1.1) and the high-pressure water jet structure (3) are staggered, the high-pressure water jet structure (3) stops jetting, and the mechanical hob structure rolls and crushes the drilled rock.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011213923.7A CN112483105B (en) | 2020-11-04 | 2020-11-04 | Rock breaking method of inner and outer cutter heads TBM (Tunnel boring machine) based on pulse jet flow and point treatment |
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| CN202011213923.7A CN112483105B (en) | 2020-11-04 | 2020-11-04 | Rock breaking method of inner and outer cutter heads TBM (Tunnel boring machine) based on pulse jet flow and point treatment |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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