CN211342923U - Hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device - Google Patents
Hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device Download PDFInfo
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- CN211342923U CN211342923U CN201921819412.2U CN201921819412U CN211342923U CN 211342923 U CN211342923 U CN 211342923U CN 201921819412 U CN201921819412 U CN 201921819412U CN 211342923 U CN211342923 U CN 211342923U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a broken rock TBM device is united to water conservancy-machinery. The device comprises a rotary drive, a propulsion oil cylinder, an outer frame, an oil hydraulic cylinder, a supporting shoe on the outer frame and a TBM cutter head structure; the TBM cutter head structure is arranged at the front end of the rotary drive and is positioned at the front side of the outer rack; the outer frame is positioned outside the rotary drive; the upper supporting shoe of the outer frame is positioned behind the outer frame and is connected with the outer frame through the propelling oil cylinder; the TBM cutter head structure comprises a TBM cutter head, a mechanical hob structure and a hydraulic cutting cutter module; the mechanical hob structure and the hydraulic cutting tool module are circumferentially arranged on the TBM cutter head and are arranged at intervals; the hydraulic cutting tool module is arranged between two adjacent mechanical hob structures. The utility model has the advantages of improve broken rock efficiency, reduce broken rock energy consumption, reduce mechanical wear.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tunnel and underground works technical field, in particular to complicated geological conditions TBM tunnel construction field, more specifically says that it is the broken rock TBM device of water conservancy-machinery combination.
Background
The traditional TBM adopts a mechanical hob to break rock, and the TBM hob usually has three states when breaking rock, namely, too small penetration, proper penetration and too large penetration. Under the condition of a certain distance between the hobbing cutters, when the penetration degree is too small, cracks generated below the cutter head can expand towards a rock breaking free surface (a tunnel face) and form triangular rock slag sheets, or horizontal cracks generated by two adjacent hobbing cutters cannot be converged, rock ridges between the hobbing cutters cannot be cut and damaged, and the rock breaking effect can be achieved by repeatedly breaking the rock for many times, but the method can cause the increase of rock breaking energy consumption and influence the rock breaking efficiency; under the condition of a certain distance between the hobbing cutters, when the penetration degree is too large, the rocks between the adjacent hobbing cutters are cut into fine rock slag pieces, particles and even powder, and the rocks are excessively crushed, so that the increase of energy consumption and the grinding of the cutters are caused; the proper penetration should result in the maximum range of rock breaking with minimum energy consumption and mechanism wear at a certain hob spacing.
The rock breaking penetration of the conventional mechanical constant-section disc cutter is determined by TBM parameters, adjustment can be performed according to different rock types of the working face, but adjustment can be performed only on one rock type of the working face at each time, and due to the fact that the bottom layer geology is complex and the rocks of various rock types are arranged in a staggered mode, the conventional mechanical rock breaking is performed, so that the efficiency is low, the rock breaking energy consumption is high, and the cutter is easy to wear; and because it is difficult to find the proper TBM penetration degree in the construction process, the TBM cutting energy loss and cutter head abrasion are easily caused.
The conventional hob structure adopted in the existing TBM rock breaking method is that the first rock breaking mode is as follows: breaking rock by using a common roller type hob; the second rock breaking mode is as follows: randomly punching a pattern water jet structure on the blank position of a TBM cutter head, arranging the water jet structure and a common roller type hob at intervals, and breaking rock by adopting hydraulic power and machinery;
however, when the first rock breaking mode is adopted for rock breaking, the maximum force required for rock breaking is large, the hob is easy to wear, and the rock breaking efficiency is low;
adopt above-mentioned second kind to break rock mode and break rock, be as if application number: 201310188881.X, the patent name is 'arrangement method and structure of high-pressure water jet in heading machine cutterhead'; on the basis of the main structure form of the traditional TBM cutter head, a plurality of high-pressure water nozzles are randomly arranged at the blank position of the TBM cutter head, so that the rock breaking efficiency of the TBM is improved, the temperature of the cutter head is reduced, and the environment is protected from dust and is cooled; however, the TBM cutter head is specially provided with the hole for mounting the high-pressure water cutter, so that the structure is complex, the mechanical hob is randomly cooled, no pertinence is provided, and the TBM cutter head is in a normally open state, so that water resource waste is easily caused, the rock breaking energy consumption is high, and the expected effect cannot be achieved.
If the application number is CN105736006A, the patent name is 'design method of cutter head of high-pressure water jet full-section rock tunnel boring machine', the utility model discloses the shape of traditional circular cutter head is changed around Huoharmy, the river winters, etc., two cross-shaped spoke layouts are adopted, rock crushing is carried out through the impact of water jet on four spokes and the rotary extrusion of the cutter, and the energy consumption for rock crushing is reduced; but the traditional TBM cutter head is greatly changed, the cost is high, and the realization and the application are not facilitated.
With the increasing development of society, the use requirements of tunnels and underground engineering on TBMs are higher and higher; therefore, development of a hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM tunneling device with high rock breaking efficiency, low rock breaking energy consumption and low mechanical wear is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a hydraulic power-mechanical combination rock breaking TBM device, guarantee that hydraulic power cutting tool module hugs closely the rock face all the time and carries out the water sword cutting, guarantee that the distance of nozzle and face is the biggest scope of nozzle injection effort, improve rock breaking efficiency, reduce the rock breaking energy consumption, reduce mechanical wear.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is that: the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device comprises a rotary drive, a propulsion oil cylinder, an outer frame, an oil hydraulic cylinder, a supporting shoe on the outer frame and a TBM cutter head structure;
the TBM cutter head structure is arranged at the front end of the rotary drive and is positioned at the front side of the outer rack; the outer frame is positioned outside the rotary drive; the upper supporting shoe of the outer frame is positioned behind the outer frame and is connected with the outer frame through the propelling oil cylinder; the method is characterized in that: the TBM cutter head structure comprises a TBM cutter head, a mechanical hob structure and a hydraulic cutting cutter module;
the mechanical hob structure and the hydraulic cutting tool module are circumferentially arranged on the TBM cutter head and are arranged at intervals;
the hydraulic cutting tool module is arranged between two adjacent mechanical hob structures.
In the technical scheme, the hydraulic cutting tool module comprises a hydraulic cutting tool module frame, a thrust spring structure, a hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder and a hydraulic cutting tool;
the thrust spring structure is positioned in the hydraulic cutting tool module frame;
the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder is positioned at the upper end of the thrust spring structure;
the hydraulic cutting tool is fixed at the lower end of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame.
In the technical scheme, the hydraulic cutting tool module further comprises a hydraulic cutting tool module guide connecting oil cylinder and a fixed seat;
the hydraulic cutting tool modules are connected with a plurality of guide connecting oil cylinders;
the fixed ends of the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder and the hydraulic cutting tool module guiding connection oil cylinder are fixed on the fixed seat;
the telescopic end of the thrust oil cylinder of the hydraulic cutting tool module is connected with the upper plate of the thrust spring structure;
the lower plate of the thrust spring structure is fixed in the middle of the side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame;
the telescopic end of the hydraulic cutting tool module guiding connection oil cylinder is fixed at the upper end of the side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame.
In the technical scheme, the hydraulic cutting tool comprises a high-pressure water pipeline, a high-pressure water cutting tool accompanied rolling wheel and a tool middle shaft;
two ends of the cutter middle shaft are respectively fixed at the lower end of the side wall of the hydraulic cutting cutter module frame;
the high-pressure water cutting tool is sleeved on the tool middle shaft along with the rolling wheel;
the high-pressure water pipeline vertically penetrates through the cutter middle shaft downwards and is fixed on the cutter middle shaft;
the middle part of the high-pressure water cutting tool along with the rolling wheel is provided with a rolling bearing;
the rolling bearing is sleeved on the cutter middle shaft and is movably connected with the cutter middle shaft.
In the technical scheme, a plurality of high-pressure water cutting tools are provided with rolling wheels;
the high-pressure water pipeline is positioned between the high-pressure water cutting tools arranged at intervals and the accompanying rolling wheels;
a fixed through hole is formed in the middle shaft of the cutter;
the periphery of the high-pressure water pipeline is provided with a high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve;
the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve extends out of the fixing through hole from top to bottom and is fixed on the fixing through hole;
the length of the lower end of the high-pressure water pipeline protection sleeve extending out of the fixing through hole is smaller than the distance from the lower end of the high-pressure water cutting tool along with the rolling wheel to the middle shaft of the tool.
In the technical scheme, the lower end of the high-pressure water pipeline is provided with a nozzle; the nozzle is positioned in the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve;
a high-pressure water pipeline external interface is arranged on the outer side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame;
the upper end of the high-pressure water pipeline penetrates through the side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame and is communicated with the external interface of the high-pressure water pipeline;
the high-pressure water pipeline protection sleeve is tightly attached to the lower plate of the thrust spring structure.
In the technical scheme, the hydraulic cutting tool module is arranged at the central position of two adjacent mechanical hob structures;
when the TBM cutterhead is in an initial state, the length of the high-pressure water cutting tool extending out of the TBM cutterhead along with the rolling wheel is greater than the length of the mechanical hob structure extending out of the TBM cutterhead;
when the TBM cutterhead is in a working state, the length of the high-pressure water cutting tool extending out of the TBM cutterhead along with the rolling wheel is equal to the length of the mechanical hob structure extending out of the TBM cutterhead.
In the technical scheme, the device also comprises a water jet rotary adjusting part, a telescopic water pipe, a water bin, a rear support, a shield, a bucket and a belt conveyor;
the water jet rotary adjusting part is positioned in front of the rotary drive and is coaxial with the rotary drive;
the water bin is positioned behind the rear support;
one end of the telescopic water pipe is communicated with the water jet cutter rotation adjusting part, and the other end of the telescopic water pipe is communicated with the water bin;
the high-pressure water pipeline external joint is communicated with the water jet cutter rotation adjusting part through a communicating pipeline;
the shield is positioned on the lateral side of the outer frame and is connected with the outer frame through the oil hydraulic cylinder; the rear support is positioned behind the supporting shoes on the outer frame; the belt conveyor is located the outer frame is inboard, the scraper bowl is located the belt conveyor front end, and is located the outer frame front end.
The utility model has the advantages of as follows:
(1) the utility model discloses innovate the arrangement mode of a new water conservancy-mechanical combination broken rock TBM blade disc, utilize on the blade disc mechanical hobbing cutter interval central point to put and install novel water conservancy cutting tool module additional and replace the simple stack combination mode of current TBM blade disc high-pressure water jet nozzle and mechanical hobbing cutter on the blade disc, under the prerequisite that does not change the propulsion mode of current TBM support, adjust the adaptability of hydraulic line, improve the broken rock ability of high-pressure water jet, redefine the tunnelling working method of the hydraulic power-mechanical combination broken rock TBM;
(3) the hydraulic cutting tool module of the utility model is a modularized hob; the hydraulic cutting tool module guiding connection oil cylinder of the utility model plays a guiding connection role and is not stressed; in actual work, the thrust oil cylinder of the hydraulic cutting tool module applies thrust, the guide connecting oil cylinder of the hydraulic cutting tool module moves along with synchronization, and the applied force is applied to the hydraulic cutting tool module frame through the thrust spring, so that the hydraulic cutting tool module of the utility model is pushed; the hydraulic cutting tool module of the utility model has two states, namely an initial state and a rolling state; when the hydraulic cutting tool module of the utility model is in an initial state, the thrust spring is in an unstressed state and only plays a role in connection; when the hydraulic cutting tool module of the utility model is in a rolling state, the thrust spring compresses and bears the force, thereby playing the role of connection and transmission force;
(4) when the hydraulic cutting tool module and the mechanical hob structure of the utility model are in a non-working state on the TBM cutter head, the hydraulic cutting tool module is in an initial unstressed state, and the high-pressure water cutting tool is along with the rolling wheel and the high-pressure water pipeline nozzle to lead the TBM cutter head plane and the mechanical hob module to have a certain distance; when the TBM cutterhead is in a working state, the hydraulic cutting tool module firstly contacts the rock face and is under the reaction action of the face, the thrust spring contracts until the hydraulic cutting tool module and the mechanical hob are in the same plane, namely the TBM cutterhead plane, and the high-pressure water cutting tool is always kept in a pressed rolling state along with the rolling wheel in the working state; the high-pressure water cutting tool of the utility model has small stress along with the rolling wheel, and aims to ensure that the hydraulic cutting tool module always clings to the rock face to carry out water-jet cutting; the hydraulic cutting tool module of the utility model shortens the distance between the tool and the rock wall, and improves the rock breaking efficiency; the high-pressure water cutting tool does not play a role in mechanical rolling along with the rolling wheel, plays a role in rolling, protecting and driving the nozzle, and only bears part of self-gravity and counter force born by being tightly attached to the surface of the rock during water conservancy spraying;
(5) the hydraulic cutting tool module of the utility model is only used as a high-pressure water jet injection device, thus reducing the functional complexity;
(6) the high-pressure water jet nozzle and the pipeline of the utility model are provided with the protection mechanism, which can play the role of reducing the abrasion of the nozzle;
(7) the high-pressure water jet nozzle of the utility model can be replaced, thus prolonging the service life of the cutter;
(8) the utility model can improve the rock breaking efficiency, reduce the energy consumption of rock breaking, reduce the mechanical abrasion, and has great significance for improving the engineering progress and reducing the engineering cost;
(9) the utility model discloses do not change just can realize by a wide margin on current TBM blade disc basis, the industrial degree of realization is higher.
The hydraulic cutting tool module of the utility model is a more independent module (the high-pressure water cutting tool of the hydraulic cutting tool does not bear the role of fracturing rocks along with the rolling wheel and only plays a rolling role), and the arrangement mode of the high-pressure water pipeline is simpler and can better protect the injection nozzle; the utility model discloses can guarantee that the following of below cuts gyro wheel and high pressure water pipeline nozzle, can press close to the rock more, realize better injection effect, the better function of realizing its water cutting.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is the working structure schematic diagram of the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM cutter head overlooking structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overlooking structure of the water jet rotation adjusting part of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the sectional structure of the high-pressure water pipe joint of the water jet rotary adjusting part of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of rock breaking of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rock breaking structure of a conventional mechanical hob.
Fig. 7 is the utility model discloses the broken rock schematic diagram of hydraulic cutting tool module.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic cutting tool module of the present invention breaking rock on the face.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the initial state of the hydraulic cutting tool module according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the hydraulic cutting tool module according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the initial state of the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM cutterhead, the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM cutterhead and the mechanical hob structure of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the working state of the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM cutterhead and mechanical hob structure of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the main perspective partial structure of the hydraulic cutting tool of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is an enlarged view of fig. 13 at a.
Fig. 15 is a schematic top view of fig. 14.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the hydraulic cutting tool of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a left partial perspective structure diagram of the hydraulic cutting tool of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a graph comparing the injection efficiency of the nozzle of the present invention.
In fig. 1, E denotes the rock face before cutting (i.e., the face; the face represents only one face, and is the exposed rock face in front of the TBM (the rock wall directly opposite the tunnel before opening), and E is the rock mass to be excavated in the advancing direction of the TBM).
In fig. 5, S represents a mechanical hob trajectory.
In fig. 6, a denotes the rock surface before cutting; b represents the rock surface after cutting; m represents the rotation direction of the hob.
In fig. 7, a denotes the rock surface before cutting; b represents the rock surface after cutting; m represents the rotation direction of the hob; FN represents push pretension; t represents the impact force of the water jet; h represents the depth of the cutting groove; and G denotes a groove depth line.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cutting effect of a conventional mechanical hob; FIG. 6 shows that the traditional mechanical hob not only plays a role in cutting rocks but also plays a role in fracturing rocks when the rocks are broken;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the effect of the present invention that the high pressure water jet pipe is jetted out of the water tank with a certain depth along with the roller; fig. 7 shows that the high-pressure water cutting tool does not play a role of fracturing rocks along with the rolling wheel, and plays a role of protecting the high-pressure water pipeline from walking and cutting a water jet cutting groove.
In fig. 8, M denotes the TBM rotation direction; t1 denotes the water jet cutting groove trace and direction behind the first hydraulic cutter module (i.e., the water jet cutting groove trace and direction formed by the first hydraulic cutter module cutting the rock with high pressure water jet); s1 denotes a first hydraulic cutter module; t2 shows the water jet cutting groove trace and direction behind the second hydraulic cutter module; s2 denotes a second hydraulic cutter module; t3 shows the water jet cutting groove trace and direction behind the third hydraulic cutter module; s3 denotes a third hydraulic cutter module; t4 shows the water jet cutting groove trace and direction behind the fourth hydraulic cutter module; s4 denotes a fourth hydraulic cutter module; t5 shows the water jet cutting groove trace and direction behind the fifth hydraulic cutter module; s5 denotes a fifth hydraulic cutter module; t6 shows the water jet cutting groove trace and direction behind the sixth hydraulic cutter module; s6 denotes a sixth hydraulic cutter module.
A in fig. 11 represents the plane of the TBM cutterhead structure 23; a in fig. 12 represents the plane of the TBM disc structure 23.
FIG. 18 is a graph showing a comparison of the utilization efficiency of high-pressure water discharged from the nozzles according to the present invention; wherein L represents the jet core segment; m represents a transition section; a represents an initial segment; b represents a basic segment; when the hydraulic cutting tool module 7 of the utility model is in a working state on the TBM cutter head, the hydraulic cutting tool module firstly contacts the rock face and is under the counterforce action of the face, the thrust spring contracts until the hydraulic cutting tool module and the mechanical hob structure are in the same plane, namely the plane of the TBM cutter head, and the hydraulic cutting tool module always keeps the high-pressure water cutting tool in a pressed rolling state along with the rolling wheel in the working state; the high-pressure water cutting tool is subjected to smaller stress along with the rolling wheel, so that the hydraulic cutting tool module is ensured to be always tightly attached to the rock face to carry out water-jet cutting; therefore, 90% of the high-pressure water jet ejected by the utility model is in the core section of the jet when the rock breaking work is carried out, and the high-pressure water jet of the utility model has higher utilization efficiency;
in the prior art, a TBM (tunnel boring machine) cutterhead high-pressure water jet nozzle and a mechanical hob are simply superposed on a cutterhead in a combined mode, the high-pressure water jet nozzle is arranged on the plane of the TBM cutterhead, and the distance between the high-pressure water jet nozzle and a rock tunnel face is half of that of a cutter body of the mechanical hob, so that the distance between the high-pressure water jet nozzle and the rock tunnel face is larger, the water jet pressure reduction is obvious, the distance between the high-pressure water jet nozzle and the rock tunnel face is smaller in an;
the utility model discloses a water conservancy cutting tool module can roll on the face like mechanical hobbing cutter through high pressure water cutting tool along with the roll wheel, and high pressure water jet passageway's nozzle can hug closely the face at the cutter roll in-process, can more effectual cutting rock face, reachs and improves broken rock efficiency, reduces the purpose of broken rock energy consumption.
In the figure, 1-hydraulic cutting tool module frame, 2-thrust spring structure, 3-hydraulic cutting tool module thrust cylinder, 4-hydraulic cutting tool module guide connection cylinder, 5-fixing seat, 6-hydraulic cutting tool, 6.1-high pressure water pipeline, 6.2-high pressure water cutting tool with rolling wheel, 6.21-rolling bearing, 6.3-tool middle shaft, 6.31-fixing through hole, 6.4-high pressure water pipeline protecting sleeve, 6.5-nozzle, 6.6-high pressure water pipeline external interface, 7-hydraulic cutting tool module, 9-mechanical hob structure, 10-TBM cutter head, 11-water cutter rotation adjusting part, 11.1-high pressure water pipeline interface, 11.11-high pressure water pipeline interface front end module, 11.12-high pressure water pipeline interface rear end module, 11.2-water jet rotation adjusting part disc, 12-rotation driving, 13-propulsion oil cylinder, 14-rear support, 15-telescopic water pipe, 16-water sump, 17-outer frame, 18-shield, 19-oil hydraulic cylinder, 20-supporting shoe on the outer frame, 21-bucket, 22-belt conveyor, 23-TBM cutter head structure, 25-hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device and 26-water jet grooving.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily appreciated by the description.
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device comprises a rotary drive 12, a propulsion oil cylinder 13, a rear support 14, an outer frame 17, a shield 18, an oil hydraulic cylinder 19, an upper supporting shoe 20 of the outer frame, a bucket 21, a belt conveyor 22 and a TBM cutter structure 23;
the TBM cutter head structure 23 is arranged at the front end of the rotary drive 12 and is positioned at the front side of the outer frame 17; the outer frame 17 is located outside the rotary drive 12; the shield 18 is positioned on the side of the outer frame 17 and connected with the outer frame 17 through the oil hydraulic cylinder 19; the outer frame upper supporting shoe 20 is positioned behind the outer frame 17 and connected with the outer frame 17 through the propulsion oil cylinder 13; the rear support 14 is positioned behind the upper supporting shoe 20 of the outer frame; the belt conveyor 22 is positioned inside the outer frame 17, and the bucket 21 is positioned at the front end of the belt conveyor 22 and at the front end of the outer frame 17; the TBM cutter head structure 23 comprises a TBM cutter head 10, a mechanical hob structure 9 and a hydraulic cutting cutter module 7;
the mechanical hob structure 9 and the hydraulic cutting tool module 7 are circumferentially arranged on the TBM cutter head 10 and are arranged at intervals;
the hydraulic cutting tool module 7 is installed at the central position between two adjacent mechanical hob structures 9 (as shown in fig. 1 and 2).
The rotary drive is positioned behind the combined rock breaking TBM cutterhead, and the propulsion oil cylinder is positioned outside the TBM frame and behind the outer frame and used for propelling the TBM; the rotary adjusting part is positioned in the front part of the rotary driving device and can synchronously rotate along with the rotary driving device; the combined rock breaking TBM working system comprises a transmission box body and a hydraulic feeding system; the rotary driving device is internally provided with a motor, a torque rotating speed sensor and a speed reducer, two ends of the torque rotating speed sensor are respectively connected with the motor and the speed reducer and used for controlling the rotation of the combined rock breaking TBM cutter head, the hydraulic feeding system comprises a propulsion oil cylinder, and the propulsion oil cylinder is hinged with a thrust rod and connected with a pressure sensor to realize the feed and withdrawal of a cutter (as shown in figures 1 and 2).
Further, the water jet cutting machine also comprises a water jet cutting rotation adjusting part 11, a telescopic water pipe 15 and a water bin 16;
the water jet rotation adjusting part 11 is positioned in front of the rotation drive 12 and is coaxial with the rotation drive 12; the high-pressure water pipeline butt joint of the water jet rotary adjusting part is of a connecting structure of external high-pressure water and rock breaking high-pressure water; the water jet cutter rotation adjusting part of the TBM comprises a high-pressure water pipeline butt joint port and a water jet cutter rotation adjusting part disc, is positioned at the front part of the rotation drive and is coaxial with the rotation drive; the high-pressure water pipeline butt joint of the water jet rotary adjusting part is of a connecting structure of external high-pressure water and rock breaking high-pressure water; the butt joints of the high-pressure water pipelines correspond to the positions of water knives on the combined rock breaking TBM cutterhead one by one (as shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4); when the TBM works, the water jet cutter external water pipeline can realize synchronous rotation with the TBM cutter head through the butt joint of the high-pressure water pipeline butt joint port;
the water sump 16 is located behind the rear support 14; the water sump is positioned on a laid track at the rear end of the TBM, so that water supply can be ensured; the water bin is internally provided with a pressurizing device and an adjusting device, can provide high-pressure water for hydraulic cutting, and can control the flow rate of the high-pressure water by adjusting the water pressure of the high-pressure water;
one end of the telescopic water pipe 15 is communicated with the water jet rotation adjusting part 11, and the other end of the telescopic water pipe is communicated with the water sump 16; the length of the telescopic water pipe can be freely adjusted along with the tunneling of the TBM, so that the working requirement is met;
the high-pressure water pipe external port 6.6 is communicated with the water jet blade rotation regulating part 11 through a communication pipeline (as shown in fig. 1, 2, 9 and 10).
Further, the water jet rotation adjusting part 11 comprises a high-pressure water pipe butt joint port 11.1 and a water jet rotation adjusting part disc 11.2;
the high-pressure water pipeline butt joint 11.1 is positioned on the water jet scalpel rotary adjusting part disc 11.2;
the positions of the high-pressure water pipeline butt joint ports 11.1 and the positions of the high-pressure water pipeline outer joint ports 6.6 are in one-to-one correspondence; when the TBM works, the external water pipeline of the water jet cutter can realize synchronous rotation with the TBM cutter head through the butt joint of the butt joint ports of the high-pressure water pipeline (as shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10); the water jet cutter rotation adjusting part disc is a hole opening mechanism of a butt joint of the high-pressure water pipeline, and can rotate synchronously with the TBM hob; the synchronous realization of high-pressure water rotation and water inlet can be ensured;
the high-pressure water pipeline butt joint port 11.1 comprises a high-pressure water pipeline butt joint port front end module 11.11 and a high-pressure water pipeline butt joint port rear end module 11.12;
the high-pressure water pipeline external interface 6.6 is communicated with the high-pressure water pipeline butt joint interface front end module 11.11 through a communication pipeline;
one end of the telescopic water pipe 15 is communicated with the water sump 16, and the other end is communicated with the high-pressure water pipe butt joint rear end module 11.12 (as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4); the rear end of the high-pressure water pipeline butt joint is used for connecting an external high-pressure water inlet pipeline and is a fixing device; the front end of the butt joint of the high-pressure water pipeline is used for connecting a TBM cutter head high-pressure water jet cutter, the front end of the butt joint of the high-pressure water pipeline and the water jet cutter rotation adjusting part synchronously rotate, and further the front end of the butt joint of the high-pressure water pipeline and the TBM cutter head synchronously rotate; when the water jet type water jet device works, the external high-pressure water pipeline is in butt joint with the rear end of the butt joint of the high-pressure water pipeline, and the water jet channel is in butt joint with the front end of the butt joint of the high-pressure water pipeline, so that the synchronous realization of high-pressure water rotation and water inflow can be ensured.
Further, the hydraulic cutting tool module 7 comprises a hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1, a thrust spring structure 2, a hydraulic cutting tool module thrust cylinder 3, a hydraulic cutting tool module guiding connection cylinder 4, a fixed seat 5 and a hydraulic cutting tool 6;
the fixed ends of the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder 3 and the hydraulic cutting tool module guiding connection oil cylinder 4 are fixed on the fixed seat 5;
the thrust spring structure 2 is positioned in the hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1;
the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder 3 is positioned at the upper end of the thrust spring structure 2;
the hydraulic cutting tool 6 is fixed at the lower end of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1 (as shown in fig. 9 and 10); when the hydraulic cutting tool module is in a non-working state on the TBM cutterhead, the hydraulic cutting tool module is in an initial unstressed state, and the high-pressure water cutting tool is ahead of the plane of the TBM cutterhead and the mechanical hob module by a certain distance along with the rolling wheel and the high-pressure water pipeline nozzle; when the hydraulic cutting tool module is in a working state on the TBM cutter head, the hydraulic cutting tool module firstly contacts the rock face and is under the reaction force action of the face, the thrust spring contracts until the hydraulic cutting tool module and the mechanical hob structure are in the same plane, namely the plane of the TBM cutter head, and the hydraulic cutting tool module always keeps the high-pressure water cutting tool in a pressed rolling state along with the rolling wheel in the working state; the high-pressure water cutting tool is stressed less along with the rolling wheel, so that the hydraulic cutting tool module is always tightly attached to the rock face to perform water-jet cutting (as shown in fig. 11 and 12), and the high-pressure water cutting tool is used for driving the hydraulic cutting tool 6 to move along with the rolling wheel and does not play a role in mechanical rolling.
Furthermore, two hydraulic cutting tool modules are connected with two oil cylinders 4 in a guiding way; the two hydraulic cutting tool modules are guided to connect the oil cylinders 4 and are arranged at intervals; the hydraulic cutting tool module is guided and connected with the oil cylinder to play a role in guiding and connecting without stress; during actual work, a thrust oil cylinder of the hydraulic cutting tool module applies thrust, the hydraulic cutting tool module is guided to the connecting oil cylinder to move synchronously, and the applied force is applied to a hydraulic cutting tool module frame through a thrust spring so as to push the hydraulic cutting tool module;
the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder 3 is positioned between the two hydraulic cutting tool module guiding and connecting oil cylinders 4;
the telescopic end of the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder 3 is connected with the upper plate of the thrust spring structure 2; the thrust oil cylinder of the hydraulic cutting tool module is a pushing device of the whole mechanism, and can apply thrust to enable the high-pressure water cutting tool to bear force along with the rolling wheel; the thrust spring is a connecting mechanism of the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder and the hydraulic cutting tool module frame, and the thrust exerted by the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder is transmitted through the deformation of the thrust spring;
the lower plate of the thrust spring structure 2 is fixed in the middle of two side walls of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1; the hydraulic cutting tool module has two states, namely an initial state and a rolling state; when the hydraulic cutting tool module is in an initial state, the thrust spring is in an unstressed state and only plays a role in connection; when the hydraulic cutting tool module is in a rolling state, the thrust spring is compressed and stressed to play a role in connection and transmission, and the applied thrust of the thrust oil cylinder of the hydraulic cutting tool module acts on the hydraulic cutting tool module frame through the thrust spring to further push the hydraulic cutting tool module;
the telescopic end of the hydraulic cutting tool module guide connecting oil cylinder 4 is fixed at the upper ends of the two side walls of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1; the hydraulic cutting tool module guiding connection oil cylinder 4 plays a guiding connection role and is not stressed.
Further, the hydraulic cutting tool 6 comprises a high-pressure water pipeline 6.1, a high-pressure water cutting tool accompanying rolling wheel 6.2 and a tool middle shaft 6.3;
two ends of the cutter middle shaft 6.3 are respectively fixed at the lower ends of two side walls of the hydraulic cutting cutter module frame 1;
the high-pressure water cutting tool is sleeved on the tool middle shaft 6.3 along with the rolling wheel 6.2 and is movably connected with the tool middle shaft 6.3;
the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 vertically penetrates through the cutter middle shaft 6.3 downwards and is fixed on the cutter middle shaft 6.3; the cutter middle shaft 6.3 plays a role in supporting and fixing the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 and the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve 6.4; the high-pressure water cutting tool is used for driving the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 and the nozzle 6.5 to move along with the rolling wheel 6.2;
furthermore, the middle part of the high-pressure water cutting tool along with the rolling wheel 6.2 is provided with a rolling bearing 6.21;
the rolling bearing 6.21 is sleeved on the cutter middle shaft 6.3; the high-pressure water cutting tool rotates along the tool middle shaft 6.3 by taking the rolling bearing 6.21 as the center along with the rolling wheel 6.2, and can provide motion power for the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 and the nozzle 6.5; the nozzle 6.5 is vertically arranged downwards;
the high-pressure water cutting tool is the same as the center line of the tool center shaft 6.3 along with the rolling wheel 6.2 and the rolling bearing 6.21; guarantee the utility model discloses structural stability.
Furthermore, two high-pressure water cutting tools are arranged along with the rolling wheels 6.2; the two high-pressure water cutting tools are arranged at intervals along with the rolling wheels 6.2;
the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 is positioned between two high-pressure water cutting tools arranged at intervals and accompanying rolling wheels 6.2; the structural stability of the utility model is ensured;
a fixing through hole 6.31 is formed in the cutter middle shaft 6.3;
the periphery of the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 is provided with a high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve 6.4;
the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve 6.4 extends out of the fixing through hole 6.31 from top to bottom and is fixed on the fixing through hole 6.31;
the length of the lower end of the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve 6.4 extending out of the fixing through hole 6.31 is smaller than the distance from the lower end of the high-pressure water cutting tool accompanied by the rolling wheel 6.2 to the tool middle shaft 6.3; when the rock breaking work is carried out, the distance between the nozzle 6.5 and the tunnel face is ensured to be within the maximum working efficiency range of the nozzle 6.5; the high-pressure water cutting tool is used for protecting the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve 6.4, the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 and the nozzle 6.5 along with the rolling wheel 6.2.
Further, a nozzle 6.5 is arranged at the lower end of the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1; the nozzle 6.5 is positioned in the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve 6.4;
a high-pressure water pipeline external interface 6.6 is arranged on the outer side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1; the external interface of the high-pressure water pipeline is connected with external high-pressure water to inject water into the hydraulic cutting tool module;
the upper end of the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 penetrates through the side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1 and is communicated with the high-pressure water pipeline external interface 6.6; the high-pressure water pipeline external interface is connected with external high-pressure water, and water is injected into the hydraulic cutting tool module through the high-pressure water pipeline external interface 6.6 and the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1;
the upper end of the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve 6.4 is positioned on the inner side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1 and is tightly attached to the lower plate of the thrust spring structure 2; the high-pressure water pipeline protecting sleeve 6.4 is used for protecting the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 and preventing the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 from being exposed to damage (as shown in fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, fig. 12, fig. 13, fig. 14, fig. 15, fig. 16 and fig. 17).
With reference to the accompanying drawings: the rock breaking method of the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device comprises the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device 25;
the rock breaking method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: aligning the TBM cutter head structure 23 to the position (namely, the tunnel face) of the hole to be excavated;
step two: fixing the outer frame 17, and starting the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device 25 to enable the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device 25 to tunnel forward for one stroke;
the supporting shoes 20 on the outer frame support the surrounding rock tunnel wall tightly and fix the frame of the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device 25;
the TBM cutterhead structure 23 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive 12, the thrust oil cylinder 13 applies thrust to the TBM cutterhead structure 23, the TBM is slowly pushed out and is driven forwards, and the rear support 14 provides support;
the hydraulic cutting tool module 7 and the mechanical hob structure 9 rotate along with the TBM cutter disc structure 23 while rotating, and rock mass is synchronously crushed;
rock slag generated by the broken rock mass is shoveled into a belt conveyor 22 by a bucket 21, and finally is transported to the machine for unloading; the propulsion oil cylinder 13 extends for a stroke, and the TBM cutter head structure 23 and a component connected with the TBM cutter head structure 23 correspondingly move forward for a stroke;
step three: repeating the first step and the second step, and starting the next stroke operation until the tunneling reaches a specified distance, namely, the excavation is finished when the tunnel is completed; the combined rock breaking TBM is used for tunnel excavation, when the TBM works, a mechanical hob cutter and a high-pressure hydraulic cutting cutter module are installed on a combined rock breaking TBM cutter disc by workers, and cutters arranged on the TBM cutter disc have enough strength and rigidity and can bear huge reaction force and shearing stress generated by the rotation propulsion of the cutter disc when a host machine tunnels. And the rotary drive controls the combined rock breaking TBM cutter head to rotate, and the propulsion oil cylinder propels the TBM cutter head to tunnel forwards. In the tunneling process, the supporting shoes on the outer rack are used for supporting the wall of the surrounding rock tunnel tightly and fixing the TBM rack, and the rear support is used for supporting the combined rock breaking TBM, so that the tunneling is facilitated. The bucket is used for shoveling rock slag crushed by the cutterhead and is transported out of the hole by a belt conveyor (as shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12).
In the tunneling process, the supporting device behind the TBM cutter disc tightly connects the tunnel segment with surrounding rock masses in modes of guniting anchoring and the like to form a complete supporting system.
Further, in the second step, the hydraulic cutting tool module 7 and the mechanical hob structure 9 are used for breaking rock synchronously, specifically as follows:
the high-pressure water pipeline 6.1 hydraulically cracks the rock and generates a water jet cutting groove 26; the mechanical hob structure 9 rolls over the face rock on both sides of the water jet cutting groove 26, so that the rock debris collapses.
Further, in the second step, when the hydraulic cutting tool 6 breaks a rock, the high-pressure water cutting tool abuts against the face of the palm and rolls on the face of the palm under the action of the thrust cylinder 3 of the hydraulic cutting tool module, the thrust spring structure 2 and the hydraulic cutting tool module frame 1 along with the rolling wheel 6.2, so as to drive the high-pressure water pipe 6.1 to move, and the high-pressure water pipe 6.1 sprays high-pressure water jet to the face of the palm, so as to form the water-cutting groove 26 (as shown in fig. 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 11 and 12).
The TBM cutter head structure and the mechanical hob structure are the prior art.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device of the present invention compared with the existing TBM tunneling equipment, the two technical solutions are compared by the staff, and the comparison results are as follows:
according to last table, hydraulic power-mechanical combination broken rock TBM device compare with current TBM tunnelling equipment, can improve broken rock efficiency, reduce broken rock energy consumption, reduce mechanical wear, improve the engineering progress, reduce engineering cost.
Other parts not described belong to the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. The hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device comprises a rotary drive (12), a propulsion oil cylinder (13), an outer frame (17), an oil hydraulic cylinder (19), a supporting shoe (20) on the outer frame and a TBM cutter head structure (23);
the TBM cutter head structure (23) is arranged at the front end of the rotary drive (12) and is positioned at the front side of the outer rack (17); the outer frame (17) is located outside the rotary drive (12); the upper supporting shoe (20) of the outer frame is positioned behind the outer frame (17) and is connected with the outer frame (17) through the propelling oil cylinder (13); the method is characterized in that: the TBM cutter head structure (23) comprises a TBM cutter head (10), a mechanical hob structure (9) and a hydraulic cutting cutter module (7);
the mechanical hob structure (9) and the hydraulic cutting tool module (7) are circumferentially arranged on the TBM cutter head (10) and are arranged at intervals;
the hydraulic cutting tool module (7) is arranged between two adjacent mechanical hob structures (9).
2. The hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic cutting tool module (7) comprises a hydraulic cutting tool module frame (1), a thrust spring structure (2), a hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder (3) and a hydraulic cutting tool (6);
the thrust spring structure (2) is positioned in the hydraulic cutting tool module frame (1);
the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder (3) is positioned at the upper end of the thrust spring structure (2); the hydraulic cutting tool (6) is fixed at the lower end of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame (1).
3. The hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hydraulic cutting tool module (7) also comprises a hydraulic cutting tool module guide connecting oil cylinder (4) and a fixed seat (5);
a plurality of hydraulic cutting tool modules are connected with the guide oil cylinders (4);
the fixed ends of the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder (3) and the hydraulic cutting tool module guiding connection oil cylinder (4) are fixed on the fixed seat (5);
the telescopic end of the hydraulic cutting tool module thrust oil cylinder (3) is connected with the upper plate of the thrust spring structure (2);
the lower plate of the thrust spring structure (2) is fixed in the middle of the side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame (1);
the telescopic end of the hydraulic cutting tool module guiding connection oil cylinder (4) is fixed at the upper end of the side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame (1).
4. The hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the hydraulic cutting tool (6) comprises a high-pressure water pipeline (6.1), a high-pressure water cutting tool accompanying rolling wheel (6.2) and a tool middle shaft (6.3);
two ends of the cutter middle shaft (6.3) are respectively fixed at the lower end of the side wall of the hydraulic cutting cutter module frame (1);
the high-pressure water cutting tool is sleeved on the tool center shaft (6.3) along with the rolling wheel (6.2);
the high-pressure water pipeline (6.1) vertically penetrates through the cutter middle shaft (6.3) downwards and is fixed on the cutter middle shaft (6.3);
the middle part of the high-pressure water cutting tool along with the rolling wheel (6.2) is provided with a rolling bearing (6.21);
the rolling bearing (6.21) is sleeved on the cutter middle shaft (6.3) and is movably connected with the cutter middle shaft (6.3).
5. The hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device according to claim 4, wherein: the high-pressure water cutting tools are provided with a plurality of rolling wheels (6.2);
the high-pressure water pipeline (6.1) is positioned between the high-pressure water cutting tools arranged at intervals and the accompanying rolling wheels (6.2);
a fixing through hole (6.31) is formed in the middle shaft (6.3) of the cutter;
a high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve (6.4) is arranged on the periphery of the high-pressure water pipeline (6.1);
the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve (6.4) extends out of the fixing through hole (6.31) from top to bottom and is fixed on the fixing through hole (6.31);
the length of the lower end of the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve (6.4) extending out of the fixing through hole (6.31) is smaller than the distance from the lower end of the high-pressure water cutting tool accompanying the rolling wheel (6.2) to the middle shaft (6.3) of the tool.
6. The hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device according to claim 5, wherein: the lower end of the high-pressure water pipeline (6.1) is provided with a nozzle (6.5); the nozzle (6.5) is positioned in the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve (6.4);
a high-pressure water pipeline external interface (6.6) is arranged on the outer side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame (1);
the upper end of the high-pressure water pipeline (6.1) penetrates through the side wall of the hydraulic cutting tool module frame (1) and is communicated with the high-pressure water pipeline external interface (6.6);
the high-pressure water pipeline protective sleeve (6.4) is tightly attached to the lower plate of the thrust spring structure (2).
7. The hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the hydraulic cutting tool module (7) is arranged at the central position of two adjacent mechanical hob structures (9);
when the TBM cutterhead (10) is in an initial state, the length of the high-pressure water cutting tool extending out of the TBM cutterhead (10) along with the rolling wheel (6.2) is larger than the length of the mechanical hob structure (9) extending out of the TBM cutterhead (10);
when TBM blade disc (10) is in operating condition, high pressure water cutting tool stretches out along with rolling wheel (6.2) the length of TBM blade disc (10) with mechanical hobbing cutter structure (9) stretches out the length of TBM blade disc (10) equals.
8. The hydraulic-mechanical combined rock-breaking TBM device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the device also comprises a water jet rotary adjusting part (11), a telescopic water pipe (15), a water bin (16), a rear support (14), a shield (18), a bucket (21) and a belt conveyor (22);
the water jet rotation adjusting part (11) is positioned in front of the rotation drive (12) and is coaxial with the rotation drive (12);
the water sump (16) is located behind the rear support (14);
one end of the telescopic water pipe (15) is communicated with the water jet rotation adjusting part (11), and the other end of the telescopic water pipe is communicated with the water sump (16);
the high-pressure water pipeline external interface (6.6) is communicated with the water jet cutter rotation adjusting part (11) through a communicating pipeline;
the shield (18) is positioned on the side of the outer frame (17) and is connected with the outer frame (17) through the oil hydraulic cylinder (19); the rear support (14) is positioned behind the upper supporting shoe (20) of the outer frame; band conveyer (22) are located outer frame (17) are inboard, scraper bowl (21) are located band conveyer (22) front end, and are located outer frame (17) front end.
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| CN201921819412.2U CN211342923U (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110924969A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-03-27 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Hydraulic cutting tool module and hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM cutter head |
| CN110985032A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-04-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device and rock breaking method thereof |
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2019
- 2019-10-25 CN CN201921819412.2U patent/CN211342923U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110924969A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-03-27 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Hydraulic cutting tool module and hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM cutter head |
| CN110985032A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-04-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device and rock breaking method thereof |
| CN110985032B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-05-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Hydraulic-mechanical combined rock breaking TBM device and rock breaking method thereof |
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