CN112483066B - Method for measuring up-down connection of shaft for mine - Google Patents
Method for measuring up-down connection of shaft for mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112483066B CN112483066B CN201910860617.3A CN201910860617A CN112483066B CN 112483066 B CN112483066 B CN 112483066B CN 201910860617 A CN201910860617 A CN 201910860617A CN 112483066 B CN112483066 B CN 112483066B
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mine measurement, in particular to a method for measuring up-down connection of a shaft for a mine, which comprises the following steps: s1, positioning and mounting a measuring facility; s1-1, preparing a measuring tool; s1-2, installing a measuring facility; s2, lowering steel wires and steel rules and performing free hanging inspection: s3, swing observation; s4, connection measurement and leveling measurement of the mine wellhead ground and the pit shaft lower opening; s4-1, connection measurement of the ground of the well mouth of the mine; s4-2, connection measurement of the lower opening of the mine shaft; s4-3, leveling up and down the mine; the steel wire and the steel ruler are lowered simultaneously by utilizing the cage, and conducting wire and leveling measurement are carried out simultaneously on the upper side and the lower side of the well, so that the occupation time of a shaft is greatly reduced, and the long-time influence on the production of a mine is avoided; the upper surface of the cage is used as an operation platform, so that potential safety hazards during operation of operators are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine measurement, in particular to a method for measuring up-down connection of a shaft for a mine.
Background
The underground link measurement refers to the measurement of transmitting a mining area ground plane coordinate system and an elevation system to the underground, so that the ground and the underground measurement control network can be unified into the same coordinate and elevation system.
In the current widely used underground connection measurement method, a coordinate-first and elevation-later observation sequence is generally adopted, a small winch is arranged at the top of a cage, and a hanging weight slowly descends a steel wire or a steel ruler through a small window in the cage. And (3) paving a large plate at the bottom of the well, stopping the lowering and locking the winch after the steel wire or the steel ruler reaches the measuring level, standing on the large plate by a person, connecting a working weight (the steel wire is placed in a stable liquid barrel filled with water) and stably limiting amplitude, and checking the free suspension condition by adopting a signal ring method. And arranging a total station or a level gauge on the ground and underground connection points, and carrying out connection measurement according to the requirements of measurement regulations.
However, the existing up-and-down connection measurement method has some drawbacks in the field actual construction process, such as:
in engineering practice, the observation sequence of coordinates and elevations is prolonged, so that the operation time is prolonged, and the production of mines is seriously influenced; when the steel wire or the long steel rule is lowered, the steel wire or the long steel rule can be wound with various pipelines or cables in the shaft due to the swing of the steel wire or the long steel rule; the large plate is horizontally paved as an operation platform in the well bottom measurement, so that great potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the connection between the upper part and the lower part of a shaft for a mine, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for measuring the connection between the upper and lower parts of a shaft for a mine comprises the following steps:
s1, positioning and mounting a measuring facility;
s1-1, preparing a measuring tool;
before measurement, preparing tools and instruments needed in the measurement process in advance;
s1-2, installing a measuring facility;
firstly, installing a hand winch;
the two sides of the upper opening of the mine are respectively provided with a first hand-shaking winch and a second hand-shaking winch, the first hand-shaking winch is used for lowering steel wires into a shaft of the mine, the second hand-shaking winch is used for lowering steel rules into the shaft of the mine, and bases of the first hand-shaking winch and the second hand-shaking winch are respectively fixed on the ground for rooting;
secondly, installing a direction regulating device above a shaft of the mine;
the position of the cage in the mine shaft is adjusted to enable the upper surface of the cage to be flush with the upper surface of an upper opening cradle of the mine shaft, 11# I-steel is erected on a first frame beam above the mine shaft and at positions 1m away from two sides of the cradle, two ends of the I-steel are fixed with the frame beam through steel wire rope noses, and a first pulley and a second pulley are respectively hung at the middle positions of the two I-steel through the steel wire rope noses;
s2, lowering steel wires and steel rules and performing free hanging inspection:
winding a steel wire on a winding drum of a first hand winch, wherein the free end of the steel wire bypasses a first pulley and is fixedly connected with a protective umbrella vertical rod on the upper surface of a cage, winding a steel ruler on a winding drum of a second hand winch, and the free end of the steel ruler bypasses a second pulley and is fixedly connected with the protective umbrella vertical rod on the upper surface of the cage;
lowering the cage to the bottom of the mine shaft, and simultaneously operating the first hand winch and the second hand winch to synchronously lower the steel wire and the steel ruler;
stopping lowering the cage when the upper surface of the cage is level with the upper surface of the cradle at the lower opening of the shaft;
disconnecting the free ends of the steel wire and the steel rule from the vertical rod of the protective umbrella on the upper surface of the cage, hanging a first standard weight on the free end of the steel wire, and hanging a second standard weight on the free end of the steel rule;
when the steel wire and the steel ruler are in a stable state, checking the free suspension condition of the steel wire and the steel ruler in a shaft by adopting a signal ring method so as to judge that the steel wire and the steel ruler are not contacted with facilities in the shaft of the mine;
s3, swing observation;
arranging two theodolites on a bottom plate in a roadway at one side of a lower opening of a mine shaft, respectively placing two observation scales in the vertical direction of a steel wire, respectively observing maximum readings of swing of the steel wire on the two observation scales by using the two theodolites when the steel wire swings, continuously reading at least 13 groups of data, and respectively taking an average value;
s4, connection measurement and leveling measurement of the mine wellhead ground and the pit shaft lower opening;
s4-1, connection measurement of the ground of the well mouth of the mine;
firstly, a first connecting point is tested from a near well point according to the requirement of a 5' grade wire on the ground in advance, and the first connecting point is independently measured twice;
secondly, arranging a total station on the first connecting point, arranging a reflecting plate on the cast-point steel wire, carrying out connection measurement on the steel wire according to the requirement of a 5' grade ground lead, and measuring the connecting angle and the horizontal side length of the connecting side by centering two sides at a time;
s4-2, connection measurement of the lower opening of the mine shaft;
firstly, after swing observation is finished, calibrating the stable state center of the steel wire on a fixed-point support plate by using two theodolites;
secondly, arranging a total station at a second connection point of the lower opening of the mine shaft, carrying out connection measurement of steel wires according to the requirement of 7' grade wires in the pit, and measuring the connection angle and the horizontal side length of the connection side by adopting three measurement returns in secondary centering;
thirdly, continuously measuring a gyro orientation point under the mine according to the requirement of a 7' level wire under the mine;
s4-3, leveling up and down the mine;
firstly, simultaneously erecting a leveling instrument on one side of a ground and underground steel ruler while connecting and measuring the ground, respectively reading the first leveling point and the second leveling point according to the requirement of four-level measurement, then simultaneously reading the steel ruler up and down a mine through signal connection, and respectively measuring and recording the temperatures up and down the mine;
secondly, the guiding height of the steel rule is independently carried out twice by changing the height of the instrument and the way of staggering the steel rule.
Preferably, the tool prepared in advance in the step S1 specifically comprises 2 pieces of 2.5m long 11# i-steel, 5 pairs of wire rope noses, 2 pulleys, iron wires, 2 hand winches, steel wires and a steel rule.
Preferably, in the step S1, the distance between the first hand winch and the second hand winch and the edge of the upper mouth of the mine is 3m.
Preferably, in the step S1, two sides of the bases of the first hand winch and the second hand winch are fixedly connected with the track laid on the ground by using a wire rope nose.
Preferably, the cage descending speed in the step S2 is 0.15m-0.5m/S.
Preferably, in the step S2, the weight of the first standard weight is 20-50kg, and the second standard weight is a working weight equal to the specific length tension.
Preferably, in the step S3, the horizontal distance between the two theodolites and the steel wire is 4-6m, and the included angle of the horizontal connection line between the two theodolites and the steel wire is 45-135 °.
Preferably, the operation of selecting the average in the step S3 is performed at least twice, and when the error between the average values of two adjacent times is not more than 1mm, the average value of the two average values is taken as the final value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the construction method for measuring the up-down connection of the mine shaft, a hand-operated small winch is respectively arranged at two sides of the ground shaft, a steering device is arranged on an upper opening sleeve frame beam, a steel wire and a steel ruler are simultaneously lowered by a cage, and wire and leveling measurement are simultaneously carried out on the upper side and the lower side of the well, so that the occupation time of the shaft is greatly reduced, and the long-time influence on the production of the mine shaft is avoided; the upper surface of the cage is used as an operation platform, so that potential safety hazards during operation of operators are greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of measuring points of the measuring method of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a steel wire; 11-a first pulley; 12-a first hand winch; 13-a first standard weight; 2-steel ruler; 21-a second pulley; 22-a second hand winch; 23-a second standard weight; 3-a stabilizing liquid barrel; 4-observing the scale; 5-mine; 51-cage; 6-a first connection point; 61-a second connection point; 7-near well point; 8-a first level point; 81-a second level point; 9-gyro orientation point.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for measuring the connection between the upper and lower parts of a shaft for a mine comprises the following steps:
s1, positioning and mounting a measuring facility;
s1-1, preparing a measuring tool;
before measurement, the tool prepared in advance is specifically provided with 2 pieces of 11# I-steel with the length of 2.5m, 5 pairs of steel wire rope noses, 2 pulleys, iron wires, 2 hand winches, steel wires and steel rules.
S1-2, installing a measuring facility;
firstly, installing a hand winch;
the two sides of the upper opening of the mine 5 are respectively provided with a first hand-shaking winch 12 and a second hand-shaking winch 22, the distance between the first hand-shaking winch 12 and the second hand-shaking winch 22 and the edge of the upper opening of the mine 5 is 3m, the first hand-shaking winch 12 is used for lowering a steel wire 1 into a shaft of the mine 5, the second hand-shaking winch 22 is used for lowering a steel ruler 2 into the shaft of the mine 5, and the bases of the first hand-shaking winch 12 and the second hand-shaking winch 22 are respectively fixed on the ground for rooting; the two sides of the base of the first hand winch 12 and the second hand winch 22 may be fixedly connected with a track laid on the ground by using a wire rope nose.
Secondly, installing a direction regulating device above a shaft of the mine 5;
the position of the cage 51 in the shaft of the mine 5 is adjusted, the upper surface of the cage 51 is level with the upper surface of an upper opening cradle of the shaft of the mine 5, a 11# I-steel is erected on a first frame beam above the shaft of the mine 5 at a position 1m away from two sides of the cradle, two ends of the I-steel are fixed with the frame beam through steel wire rope noses, and a first pulley 11 and a second pulley 21 are respectively hung at the middle positions of the two I-steels through the steel wire rope noses;
s2, lowering the steel wire 1 and the steel rule 2, and performing free hanging inspection:
winding a steel wire 1 on a winding drum of a first hand winch 12, wherein the free end of the steel wire 1 bypasses a first pulley 11 and is fixedly connected with a protective umbrella vertical rod on the upper surface of a cage 51, winding a steel rule 2 on a winding drum of a second hand winch 22, and the free end of the steel rule 2 bypasses a second pulley 21 and is fixedly connected with the protective umbrella vertical rod on the upper surface of the cage 51;
lowering the cage 51 toward the bottom of the shaft of the mine 5, and simultaneously operating the first hand winch 12 and the second hand winch 22 to synchronously lower the steel wire 1 and the steel rule 2; wherein the lowering speed of the cage 51 is specifically 0.15m-0.5m/s.
Stopping lowering the cage 51 when the upper surface of the cage 51 is level with the upper surface of the cradle at the lower opening of the shaft 5;
the free ends of the steel wire 1 and the steel rule 2 are separated from the vertical rod of the protective umbrella on the upper surface of the cage 51, a first standard weight 13 is hung on the free end of the steel wire 1, and a second standard weight 23 is hung on the free end of the steel rule 2; wherein the weight of the first standard weight 13 is 20-50kg, and the second standard weight 23 is a working weight equal to the specific length tension;
when the steel wire 1 and the steel ruler 2 are in a stable state, checking the free suspension condition of the steel wire 1 and the steel ruler in a shaft by adopting a signal ring method so as to judge that the steel wire 1 and the steel ruler are not contacted with facilities in the shaft of the mine 5;
s3, swing observation;
two theodolites are arranged on a bottom plate in a roadway at one side of a lower opening of a mine shaft 5, wherein the horizontal distance between the two theodolites and a steel wire 1 is 4-6m, the included angle of a horizontal connecting line between the two theodolites and the steel wire 1 is 45-135 degrees, two observation scales 4 are respectively arranged in the vertical direction of the steel wire 1, the maximum reading of swing amplitude of the two observation scales 4 is respectively observed by the two theodolites when the steel wire 1 swings, at least 13 groups of data are continuously read, and average values are respectively taken, wherein the operation frequency of selecting the average value is at least twice, and when the error between the average values of two adjacent times is not more than 1mm, the average value of the two average values is taken as a final value.
S4, connection measurement and leveling measurement of the ground of the wellhead of the mine 5 and the lower port of the shaft;
s4-1, connection measurement of the well mouth ground of the mine 5;
firstly, a first connecting point 6 is tested by a near well point 7 according to the requirement of a 5' grade wire on the ground in advance, and the two times of independent measurement are carried out;
secondly, arranging a total station on the first connecting point 6, arranging a reflector on the cast-in-place steel wire 1, carrying out connection measurement on the steel wire 1 according to the requirement of a 5' grade ground lead, and measuring the connecting angle and the horizontal side length of the connecting side by centering two measurement returns at a time;
s4-2, connection measurement of a lower opening of a mine shaft 5;
firstly, after swing observation is finished, two theodolites are used for marking the stable state center of the steel wire 1 on a fixed-point support plate;
secondly, arranging a total station at a second connection point 61 of the lower opening of the shaft of the mine 5, carrying out connection measurement of the steel wire 1 according to the requirement of a 7' grade wire in the pit, and measuring the connection angle and the horizontal side length of the connection side by adopting three measurement returns in secondary centering;
thirdly, continuously measuring a gyro orientation point 9 under the mine 5 according to the requirement of a 7' level wire under the mine;
s4-3, leveling up and down of the mine 5;
firstly, simultaneously erecting a level gauge on one side of a ground and underground steel ruler 2 while connecting and measuring the ground, respectively reading a first level point 8 and a second level point 81 according to the requirement of four-level measurement, then simultaneously reading the steel ruler 2 up and down a mine 5 through signal connection, and respectively measuring and recording the temperature up and down the mine 5;
secondly, the introduction of the steel rule 2 is carried out twice independently by changing the instrument height and the way of staggering the steel rule 2.
In the embodiments provided in the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the modules or units is merely a logical functional division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, randomAccess Memory), a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing description is only of embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the content of the present invention, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for measuring the connection between the upper and lower parts of the shaft for the mine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, positioning and mounting a measuring facility;
s1-1, preparing a measuring tool;
before measurement, tools and instruments required in the measurement process are prepared in advance, and specifically 2 pieces of 11# I-steel with the length of 2.5m, 5 pairs of wire rope noses, 2 pulleys, iron wires, 2 hand winches, steel wires and a steel rule are arranged;
s1-2, installing a measuring facility;
firstly, installing a hand winch;
the method comprises the steps that a first hand-shaking winch (12) and a second hand-shaking winch (22) are respectively arranged on two sides of an upper opening of a mine (5), the first hand-shaking winch (12) is used for lowering a steel wire (1) into a shaft of the mine (5), the second hand-shaking winch (22) is used for lowering a steel ruler (2) into the shaft of the mine (5), two sides of bases of the first hand-shaking winch (12) and the second hand-shaking winch (22) are fixedly connected with tracks paved on the ground through steel wire rope noses, and the distance between the first hand-shaking winch (12) and the second hand-shaking winch (22) in the step S1 and the upper opening edge of the mine (5) is 3m;
secondly, installing a direction regulating device above a shaft of the mine (5);
the position of a cage (51) in a shaft of a mine (5) is adjusted, so that the upper surface of the cage (51) is flush with the upper surface of an upper opening cradle of the shaft of the mine (5), a 11# I-steel is erected on a first frame beam above the shaft of the mine (5) at a position 1m away from two sides of the cradle, two ends of the I-steel are fixed with the frame beam through steel wire rope noses, and a first pulley (11) and a second pulley (21) are respectively hung at the middle positions of the two I-steel through the steel wire rope noses;
s2, lowering the steel wire (1) and the steel rule (2) and performing free hanging inspection:
winding a steel wire (1) on a winding drum of a first hand winch (12), enabling the free end of the steel wire (1) to bypass a first pulley (11) and then be fixedly connected with a protective umbrella vertical rod on the upper surface of a cage (51), winding a steel ruler (2) on a winding drum of a second hand winch (22), and enabling the free end of the steel ruler (2) to bypass a second pulley (21) and then be fixedly connected with the protective umbrella vertical rod on the upper surface of the cage (51);
lowering a cage (51) towards the bottom of a shaft of a mine (5), and simultaneously operating a first hand winch (12) and a second hand winch (22) to synchronously lower a steel wire (1) and a steel rule (2);
stopping lowering the cage (51) when the upper surface of the cage (51) is level with the upper surface of a cradle at the lower opening of a shaft of the mine (5);
the free ends of the steel wire (1) and the steel rule (2) are separated from the vertical rod of the protective umbrella on the upper surface of the cage (51), a first standard weight (13) is hung on the free end of the steel wire (1), and a second standard weight (23) is hung on the free end of the steel rule (2);
when the steel wire (1) and the steel ruler (2) are in a stable state, checking the free suspension condition of the steel wire and the steel ruler in a shaft by adopting a signal ring method so as to judge that the steel wire and the steel ruler are not contacted with facilities in the shaft of the mine (5);
s3, swing observation;
arranging two theodolites on a bottom plate in a roadway at one side of a shaft lower opening of a mine (5), respectively placing two observation scales (4) in the vertical direction of a steel wire (1), respectively observing maximum readings of swing amplitude on the two observation scales (4) when the steel wire (1) swings by using the two theodolites, continuously reading at least 13 groups of data, and respectively taking an average value;
s4, connection measurement and leveling measurement of the wellhead ground and the well shaft lower opening of the mine (5);
s4-1, connection measurement of the wellhead ground of the mine (5);
firstly, a first connecting point (6) is tested by a near well point (7) according to the requirement of a 5' grade wire on the ground in advance, and the two times of independent measurement are carried out;
secondly, arranging a total station on the first connecting point (6), arranging a reflecting plate on the cast-in-place steel wire (1), carrying out connection measurement on the steel wire (1) according to the requirement of a 5' grade wire on the ground, and measuring the connecting angle and the horizontal side length of the connecting side by adopting two measurement returns in one time;
s4-2, connection measurement of a pit shaft lower opening of the mine (5);
firstly, after swing observation is finished, calibrating the stable state center of a steel wire (1) on a fixed-point support plate by using two theodolites;
secondly, arranging a total station at a second connection point (61) of a pit shaft lower opening of the pit shaft (5), carrying out connection measurement of the steel wire (1) according to the requirement of a 7' grade wire in the pit, and measuring the connection angle and the horizontal side length of the connection side by adopting three measurement returns in secondary centering;
thirdly, continuously measuring a gyro orientation point (9) under the mine (5) according to the requirement of a 7' level wire under the mine;
s4-3, leveling up and down of the mine (5);
firstly, simultaneously erecting a level gauge on one side of a ground and underground steel ruler (2) while connecting and measuring the ground, respectively reading a first level point (8) and a second level point (81) according to the requirement of four-level measurement, then simultaneously reading the steel ruler (2) up and down a mine (5) through signal connection, and respectively measuring and recording the temperature up and down the mine (5);
secondly, the guiding height of the steel rule (2) is independently carried out twice by changing the instrument height and the way of staggering the steel rule (2).
2. A method of measuring a connection between a wellbore and a lower wellbore for a mine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the descending speed of the cage (51) in the step S2 is 0.15m-0.5m/S.
3. A method of measuring a connection between a wellbore and a lower wellbore for a mine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the weight of the first standard weight (13) is 20-50kg, and the second standard weight (23) is a working weight equal to the specific length tensile force.
4. A method of measuring a connection between a wellbore and a lower wellbore for a mine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the horizontal distance between the two theodolites and the steel wire (1) is 4-6m, and the included angle of the horizontal connecting line between the two theodolites and the steel wire (1) is 45-135 degrees.
5. A method of measuring a connection between a wellbore and a lower wellbore for a mine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and 3, selecting the average number in the step of S3, wherein the operation times of the average number are at least twice, and when the error between the average values of two adjacent times is not more than 1mm, taking the average value of the two average values as a final value.
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| CN201910860617.3A CN112483066B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Method for measuring up-down connection of shaft for mine |
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| 深立井联系测量的工作流程和方法;闫振斌等;能源技术与管理(第03期);96-98 * |
| 煤矿竖井联系测量一井几何定向的施测与计算方法研究;温向卫等;测绘技术装备;17(03);29-32 * |
| 矿井联系测量在云驾岭矿的应用;李殿臣;河北煤炭(第01期);7-8 * |
| 纵向放样法在竖井设备安装中的应用;习玉良;;有色金属(矿山部分)(第04期);78-81 * |
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