CN112480651B - 一种彩色超薄tpu薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种彩色超薄tpu薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种彩色超薄TPU薄膜及其制备方法,按重量份计,所述彩色超薄TPU薄膜包括如下组分:TPU基料50‑70重量份;环氧树脂20‑30重量份;色母粒15‑25重量份;增韧剂10‑20重量份;稳定剂1‑5重量份;偶联剂1‑3重量份;抗氧剂0.1‑1重量份。本发明提供的TPU薄膜具有良好的机械性能,并且本发明的TPU薄膜颜色分布均匀,并且色牢度高,抗撕裂性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料技术领域,涉及一种彩色超薄TPU薄膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
热塑性弹性体由于其优良的断裂伸长,回弹性,增韧性,耐候性及比浇注聚氨酯优越的加工成型方法,而得到越来越广泛的应用。特别是由于聚氨酯行业的快速发展,又促进原料厂家的产能不断扩大,使得成本不断下降,从而促进新轮聚氨酯产品的应用开发。TPU薄膜具有韧性好、强度高、无味、无毒、可热合加工等特性,广泛应用于汽车工业、医疗卫生、生活用品等领域。TPU薄膜传统的生产工艺主要是流延,该工艺产能低,薄膜厚度不均匀,各功能改性助剂都需要先造粒再添加使用,使得生产成本极高,塑化不均匀,限制了TPU薄膜的推广应用。
CN109850341A公开了一种快递用塑料包装袋,它包括有内层、防压中间层和防磨外层,所述内层由可降解塑料制成,所述防震中间层为气垫膜制成,所述防磨外层的原料成分由聚乙烯、聚酰亚胺、玻璃纤维、滑石粉和聚苯硫醚组成;该专利申请提供的快递用包装袋具有优异的防磨性能,但是制备方法复杂,成本较高。CN104859928A公开了一种快递用塑料包装袋的制作方法,它包括有内层、由气垫膜制成的防压中间层和防磨外层,制作方法为现将防磨外层的防磨塑料膜做好,然后将可降解塑料内层套在防磨外层内,再在这二者之间加入气垫膜,将三者缝制好,即得;该专利申请制备方法略复杂,不适用。
CN107298843A公开了一种性TPU薄膜,以TPU颗粒为原料,还包括相容剂、填充剂、阻燃剂、天然多酚、环氧树脂和光稳定剂,其组分按重量份计分别为:TPU颗粒70-80份,相容剂3-6份,填充剂1-3份,阻燃剂2-4份,天然多酚5-8份,环氧树脂10-20份,光稳定剂0.5-1.5份。该专利申请提供的改性TPU薄膜产能高,厚度均匀,耐黄性好,但是其由颜色较为单一,并且其力学性能较低,不利于应用。
因此,希望开发一种彩色的TPU薄膜以满足应用要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种彩色超薄TPU薄膜及其制备方法。本发明提供的TPU薄膜具有良好的机械性能,并且本发明的TPU薄膜颜色分布均匀,并且色牢度高,抗撕裂性好。
为达到此发明目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种彩色超薄TPU薄膜,按重量份计,所述彩色超薄TPU薄膜的组成原料包括如下组分:
本发明提供的TPU颗粒和环氧树脂混合使用,可以使得本发明提供的TPU薄膜具有较好的机械强度;同时,本发明提供的色母粒可以赋予得到的TPU薄膜不同的颜色,并且颜色色牢度较高;同时增韧剂和稳定剂的添加,二者协同增效,可以在赋予TPU薄膜优异的抗撕裂性能的同时使薄膜具有优异的稳定性。
在本发明中,所述TPU可以是57重量份、58重量份、59重量份、60重量份、61重量份、65重量份、68重量份等。所述环氧树脂可以是22重量份、24重量份、25重量份、28重量份等。所述色母粒可以是17重量份、19重量份、20重量份、22重量份、24重量份等。所述增韧剂可以是12重量份、14重量份、15重量份、18重量份等。所述稳定剂可以是2重量份、3重量份、4重量份等。所述偶联剂可以是1.5重量份、2重量份、2.5重量份等。所述抗氧剂可以是0.2重量份、0.4重量份、0.5重量份、0.6重量份、0.8重量份等。
优选地,所述色母粒的制备方法包括:将TPU颗粒和颜料混合,然后熔融挤出,造粒,得到所述色母粒。
优选地,所述TPU颗粒与颜料的质量比为1:(3-6),例如1:3.5、1:4、1:4.5、1:5、1:5.5等。
本发明提供的色母粒与TPU基料具有优异的相容性,可以赋予薄膜不同的色彩,并且色彩均匀,不会掉落。若颜料的添加量过大,则容易导致颜料分布不均,并且有损材料的力学性能,若颜料的添加量过低,则会导致颜色较浅不鲜亮。
优选地,在制备色母粒的过程中,原料还包括相容剂和/或分散剂。
优选地,所述相容剂包括聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐和/或聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐。
优选地,所述分散剂包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
优选地,所述TPU颗粒选自聚醚型TPU颗粒和/或聚酯型TPU颗粒,进一步优选聚酯型TPU颗粒。
优选地,所述稳定剂选自聚碳化二亚胺和/或8-羟基喹啉铜。
优选地,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂,优选乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和/或乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷。
优选地,所述抗氧剂为双十二碳醇酯、双十四碳醇酯或双十八碳醇酯中的任意一种或至少两种的混合物,进一步优选双十八碳醇酯。
第二方面,本发明提供了根据第一方面所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜的制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将配方量的TPU基料、环氧树脂、色母粒、增韧剂、稳定剂、偶联剂和抗氧剂混合,得到混合料;
(2)将混合料熔融挤出,然后吹塑成膜,得到所述彩色超薄TPU薄膜。
优选地,步骤(2)具体为:将混合料利用双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,然后吹塑成膜,得到所述彩色超薄TPU薄膜。
优选地,所述熔融挤出的温度为180-200℃,例如182℃、185℃、188℃、190℃、192℃、195℃、198℃等,压力为1-3MPa,例如1.2MPa、1.5MPa、1.8MPa、2.0MPa、2.2MPa、2.5MPa、2.8MPa等。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明提供的TPU颗粒和环氧树脂混合使用,可以使得本发明提供的TPU薄膜具有较好的机械强度;同时,本发明提供的色母粒可以赋予得到的TPU薄膜不同的颜色,并且颜色色牢度较高;同时增韧剂和稳定剂的添加,二者协同增效,可以在赋予TPU薄膜优异的抗撕裂性能的同时使薄膜具有优异的稳定性。
(2)本发明提供的TPU薄膜具有良好的机械性能,并且本发明的TPU薄膜具有颜色,并且色牢度高,抗撕裂性好,其中,断裂伸长率在210%之间,拉伸强度在47MPa,抗撕裂强度为75MPa,色牢度为4级以上。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明,不应视为对本发明的具体限制。
下述具体实施方式所涉及的材料信息如表1:
表1
样品 | 厂家 | 牌号 |
聚酯型TPU | 德国巴斯夫 | E685A |
聚醚型TPU | 德国巴斯夫 | 1180A |
环氧树脂 | 昂森 | 双酚A型 |
聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐A | 佳易容 | CMG5701 |
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 | NEWLLEN | 9003-39-8 |
纳米二氧化硅 | 京煌科技 | - |
碳纤维 | 翔盛碳纤维 | - |
聚碳化二亚胺 | 华翔科洁 | PA97880 |
制备例1
一种色母粒,制备方法如下:
将聚酯型TPU颗粒10份、包膜中铬黄30份、聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐3份和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮1份混合,在180℃下利用双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,造粒,得到色母粒。
制备例2-4
与制备例1的区别在于,在本制备例中,TPU颗粒与颜料的质量比为1:6(制备例2)、1:1(制备例3)、1:8(制备例4)。
制备例5
与制备例1的区别在于,在本制备例中,将包膜中铬黄替换为氧化铁蓝。
实施例1
一种彩色超薄TPU薄膜,按重量份计,彩色超薄TPU薄膜的组成原料由如下组分组成:
其中,TPU基料为聚酯型TPU颗粒,色母粒为制备例1提供的色母粒,增韧剂为纳米二氧化硅和碳纤维以质量比为1:1的组合,稳定剂为聚碳化二亚胺,偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷,抗氧剂为双十八碳醇酯。
实施例2-5
与实施例1的区别在于,在本实施例中,色母粒为制备例2-5提供的色母粒。
实施例6
与实施例1的区别在于,在本实施例中,TPU基料为聚醚型TPU颗粒。
实施例7-8
与实施例1的区别在于,在本实施例中,增韧剂为纳米二氧化硅(实施例7)、碳纤维(实施例8)。
实施例9
一种彩色超薄TPU薄膜,按重量份计,彩色超薄TPU薄膜的组成原料由如下组分组成:
其中,TPU基料为聚酯型TPU颗粒,色母粒为制备例1提供的色母粒,增韧剂为纳米二氧化硅和碳纤维以质量比为1:1的组合,稳定剂为8-羟基喹啉铜,偶联剂为乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷,抗氧剂为双十四碳醇酯。
对比例1
与实施例1的区别在于,在本对比例中,将色母粒替换为等重量份的聚酯型聚氨酯和包膜中铬黄,质量比为1:3。
对比例2-3
与实施例1的区别在于,在本对比例中,环氧树脂的重量份为15份(对比例2)、35份(对比例3)。
对比例4-5
与实施例1的区别在于,在本对比例中,增韧剂为5重量份(对比例4)、25重量份(对比例5)。
对比例6
与实施例1的区别在于,在本对比例中,不添加增韧剂,稳定剂的添加量为11重量份。
对比例7
与实施例1的区别在于,在本对比例中,不添加稳定剂,增韧剂的添加量为11重量份。
性能测试
对实施例1-9和对比例1-7提供的TPU薄膜进行性能测试,方法如下:
(1)力学性能测试:根据国家标准GB13022-91,在万能试验机上进行力学性能测试;
(2)色牢度:根据GB/T 3920-2008的测试标准进行测试;
(3)抗撕裂性能:按照ISO34-1的测试标准进行测试;
测试结果见表2:
表2
由实施例和性能测试可知,本发明提供的TPU薄膜具有良好的机械性能,并且本发明的TPU薄膜具有颜色,并且色牢度高,抗撕裂性好,其中,断裂伸长率在210%之间,拉伸强度在47MPa,抗撕裂强度为75MPa,色牢度为4级以上。
由实施例1和实施例2-4的对比可知,本发明提供的色母粒中TPU颗粒与颜料的质量比为1:(3-6)时,最后的薄膜具有较优的力学性能以及颜色分布均匀;由实施例1和实施例6的对比可知,本发明优选聚酯型TPU颗粒;由实施例1和实施例7-8的对比可知,本发明的增韧剂优选为纳米二氧化物和碳纤维以质量比为1:(0.5-2)的组合。
由实施例1和对比例1的对比可知,本发明的颜色由色母粒提供,使得最后的薄膜具有较优的力学性能以及颜色分布均匀。由实施例1和对比例2-5的对比可知,本发明的环氧树脂和增韧剂需要在本发明的限定范围内;由实施例1和对比例6-7的对比可知,本发明提供的稳定剂和增韧剂具有协同效应。
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的彩色超薄TPU薄膜及其制备方法,但本发明并不局限于上述工艺步骤,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述工艺步骤才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明所选用原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
Claims (11)
2.根据权利要求1所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜,其特征在于,在制备色母粒的过程中,原料还包括相容剂和/或分散剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜,其特征在于,所述相容剂包括聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐和/或聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐。
4.根据权利要求2所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜,其特征在于,所述分散剂包括聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
5.根据权利要求1所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜,其特征在于,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜,其特征在于,所述偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷和/或乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷。
7.根据权利要求1所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂为双十二碳醇酯、双十四碳醇酯或双十八碳醇酯中的任意一种或至少两种的混合物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂为双十八碳醇酯。
9.根据权利要求1-8中的任一项所述的彩色超薄TPU薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将配方量的TPU基料、环氧树脂、色母粒、增韧剂、稳定剂、偶联剂和抗氧剂混合,得到混合料;
(2)将混合料熔融挤出,然后吹塑成膜,得到所述彩色超薄TPU薄膜。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)具体为:将混合料利用双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出,然后吹塑成膜,得到所述彩色超薄TPU薄膜。
11.根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述熔融挤出的温度为180-200℃,压力为1-3MPa。
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