CN112477140B - Electrical heating 4D printing assembly and printing method - Google Patents
Electrical heating 4D printing assembly and printing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112477140B CN112477140B CN202011100132.3A CN202011100132A CN112477140B CN 112477140 B CN112477140 B CN 112477140B CN 202011100132 A CN202011100132 A CN 202011100132A CN 112477140 B CN112477140 B CN 112477140B
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- printing
- deformation
- heating
- component
- heating wire
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000431 shape-memory polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron-chromium-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910000623 nickel–chromium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
- B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
- B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
- B29C66/0342—Cooling, e.g. transporting through welding and cooling zone
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric heating 4D printing assembly and a printing method, wherein a heat conducting adhesive tape is compounded with a heating wire and attached to the surface of a deformation area of a 4D printing component, so that the deformation flexibility and the uniform heating effect of the 4D printing component are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of printing, in particular to an electric heating 4D printing assembly and a printing method.
Background
The 4D (four-dimensional) printing technology has been widely researched since 2013, belongs to an additive manufacturing technology of intelligent components, and is a subversive manufacturing technology based on one-multidisciplinary cross fusion. Temperature-activated 4D printing materials are currently the most widely studied class. The 4D printing technology has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, medical treatment, automobiles, soft robots and the like.
The temperature excitation is usually carried out by hot water, hot plate, electric heating, etc. The application scenes of 4D printing materials are limited by the heating mode of the hot water bath, the heating of the hot plate can cause uneven heating along with the deformation of the component, the existing electric heating mode is that a conductive component is doped in a polymer material, and then the polymer material is heated by self to deform after being electrified, so that the requirement on the polymer material is high, and the flexibility of the heating position is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an electrically heated 4D printing assembly and a printing method, so as to uniformly heat a specific position of a 4D printing member, and improve the deformation flexibility and uniform heating effect of the 4D printing member while the material requirement of the 4D printing member is not high.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrically heated 4D printing assembly, including: the printing device comprises a 4D printing component, a heating wire and a heat conducting adhesive tape, wherein the heat conducting adhesive tape is compounded with the heating wire and attached to the surface of a deformation area of the 4D printing component.
Optionally, the 4D printing member is formed by 3D printing a thermally activated shape memory polymer in a fused deposition 3D printing manner, wherein the shape memory polymer is made of any one of polylactic acid, polyurethane, polycaprolactone and a nylon material.
Optionally, the 4D printing member is a thin shell member having a thickness in the range of 0.5-5 mm.
Optionally, the thermally conductive tape is a foil tape that is resistant to temperatures greater than 100 ℃.
Optionally, the tape thickness of the thermal conductive tape is in the range of 10-100 μm.
Optionally, the heating wire is a heating wire having a diameter of 10-100 μm.
Optionally, the heating wires are arranged on the surface of the deformation region in a zigzag routing manner.
Optionally, the 4D printing member, comprising:
a member main body portion;
one or more deformation claws connected to the member main body portion, wherein each of the deformation claws is deformable with respect to the member main body portion in a heated state.
Optionally, the heating wire is arranged on a surface of a connection region of each of the deformation claws and the member main body portion, and the attachment region of the thermally conductive tape includes the surface of the connection region.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a 4D printing method based on the 4D printing assembly in the first aspect, including:
compounding a heat-conducting adhesive tape and a heating wire;
attaching the compounded heat-conducting adhesive tape and the compounded heating wire to the surface of the deformation area of the 4D printing component to obtain a 4D printing assembly;
heating the 4D printing composite member on a heating plate, and flattening the heated 4D printing composite member;
cooling the 4D printing assembly to keep the planar shape of the 4D printing assembly;
and electrifying the heating wire and maintaining the preset time length so as to heat the 4D printing component and enable the 4D printing component to deform.
According to one or more technical schemes provided by the embodiment of the invention, the heat-conducting adhesive tape and the heating wire are compounded and attached to the surface of the deformation area of the 4D printing component, and the heat-conducting adhesive tape and the heating wire which are compounded can be flexibly attached by flexibly selecting heating points, so that the specific position on the 4D printing component can be heated under the electrothermal condition, the controllable deformation is realized, the flexibility of the deformation of the component is increased by flexibly selecting the heating position, and the intelligent deformation of the 4D printing component is further realized.
And, because of not needing the hot water bath, provide the condition for the 4D prints the component and is suitable for different application scenarios, and heated for the electric plate and improved the heating homogeneity, improved the deformation quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heat conductive tape and a heating wire according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 4D printing component in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electrically heated 4D printing assembly, and referring to fig. 1, the electrically heated 4D printing assembly includes: printing a component 1, a heating wire 2 and a heat conducting adhesive tape 3 in 4D; the heat conducting adhesive tape 3 and the heating wire 2 are compounded and attached to the surface of the deformation area of the 4D printing component 1.
It should be noted that the deformation region of the 4D printing member 1 is selected as needed, that is, the heating position of the 4D printing member 1 is selected, and the composite heating wire 2 and the heat conductive tape 3 are not attached to the surface of the region of the 4D printing member 1 that does not need to be deformed. Movement of the heating position (deformation region) on the 4D printing member 1 in a specified direction can be achieved after the heating wire 2 is energized, and deformation occurs. After the heating is finished, the deformed region of the 4D printing member 1 reaches the end point deformation angle. While other areas on the 4D printing member 1 are not deformed because they are not heated.
Specifically, the heating wires 2 are arranged on the surface of the deformation region of the 4D printing member 1 in a specific pattern, and the heat conductive tape 3 adheres the heating wires 2 arranged in the specific pattern to the surface of the deformation region of the 4D printing member 1, so that the heat conductive tape 3 fixes the heating wires 2 and conducts heat generated by the heating wires 2 to the 4D printing member 1 to uniformly heat the deformation region.
Specifically, the 4D printing member 1 is formed by 3D printing a thermally activated shape memory polymer in a fused deposition 3D printing manner, wherein the shape memory polymer is made of any one of polylactic acid, polyurethane, polycaprolactone and nylon. Because the temperature excitation is carried out by adopting an external electric heating mode. Therefore, the material selection requirements for the shape memory polymer are not high, and any shape memory polymer can be used.
Specifically, the 4D printing member 1 is a thin shell member having a thickness in the range of 0.5 to 5 mm. The thickness of the 4D printing member 1 can be selected differently according to different actual requirements. For example, it may be a thin shell member having a thickness of 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm or 5 mm.
The shape of the 4D printing member 1 is not limited to that shown in fig. 1 and 2, and fig. 1 and 2 are only for illustrating the combination manner of the heating wire 2 and the heat conductive tape 3 with the 4D printing member 1, and any shape of the 4D printing member 1 may be applied to the present invention.
Under a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the 4D printing member 1 includes: the member main body portion 11 and the one or more deformation claws 12 connected to the member main body portion 11 are deformable with respect to the member main body portion 11 for each of the deformation claws 12 in a heated state, so that an angle between the deformation claw 12 and the member main body portion 11 is changed. After the heating is finished, the change in the angle between the deformation claw 12 and the member main body portion 11 is stabilized to reach the end point deformation angle.
Specifically, the heat conductive tape 3 is a foil tape capable of resisting a temperature of more than 100 ℃, for example, the foil tape may be a copper foil tape or an aluminum foil tape.
Specifically, the thickness of the heat conductive tape 3 is in the range of 10 to 100 μm. For example, the thermal conductive tape 3 having a thickness of 10 μm, 40 μm, 60 μm, 80 μm, or 100 μm may be used.
Specifically, the heating wire 2 is a heating wire with a diameter in the range of 10-100 μm, for example, the diameter of the heating wire 2 may be 10 μm, 40 μm, 60 μm, 80 μm or 100 μm, and in a specific implementation, a nichrome heating wire or an iron-chromium-aluminum heating wire may be arranged at a designated heating position on the 4D printing member 1 in a zigzag routing manner.
The shape of the 4D printing member 1 shown in fig. 1 and 2 is taken as an example, the deformation region is a connection region of each deformation claw 12 and the member main body portion 11, the heating wire 2 is arranged on a surface of the connection region of each deformation claw 12 and the member main body portion 11, the attachment region of the heat conductive tape 3 includes a surface of the connection region of each deformation claw 12 and the member main body portion 11, so that the connection region can be heated by the heating wire 2 and the heat conductive tape 3, and the temperature excitation deforms the connection region to change an included angle of the deformation claw 12 relative to the member main body portion 11.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a 4D printing method based on the 4D printing assembly in the first aspect, including:
step 3, heating the 4D printing assembly on a heating plate, and flattening the heated 4D printing assembly;
step 4, cooling the 4D printing assembly to keep the planar shape of the 4D printing assembly;
and 5, electrifying the heating wire 2 and maintaining the preset time to heat the 4D printing component 1, so that the heating position of the 4D printing component 1 is deformed in a heating state.
An example is given below to understand the embodiments of the present invention:
referring to fig. 2, the 4D printing member 1 is a polylactic acid material, and is printed in a melt-deposition mode. The thickness of the 4D printing component 1 is 2mm, the side length of the component main body part 11 is 5mm, the length of the deformation claw 12 is 8mm, and the included angle between the deformation claw 12 and the bottom edge of the component main body part 11 is 45 degrees. The material of the heating wire 2 is a nickel-chromium alloy heating wire with the diameter of 0.015 mm. The nichrome wires are arranged in a zigzag shape. The heat conducting adhesive tape 3 is a copper foil adhesive tape with the thickness of 0.065 mm.
The deformation process is as follows:
step 1: heating the 4D printing assembly formed by combining the heat-conducting adhesive tape 3, the heating wire 2 and the 4D printing component 1 on a hot plate at 100 ℃, and flattening the 4D printing assembly through external force;
step 2: cooling the 4D printing assembly to keep the shape of the 4D printing component 1;
and step 3: the heating wire 2 is electrified, the heating position of the 4D printing component 1 is deformed, after the 4D printing component 1 is electrified for 4min under the voltage of 6V, the deformation of the 4D printing component 1 is kept stable, and the terminal deformation angle is about 20 degrees.
Other examples that can be implemented will be known to those skilled in the art from the description of the present specification, and are not exemplified herein too much for the sake of brevity of the description.
Through one or more technical schemes provided by the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the heat conductive tape 3 and the heating wire 2 are compounded and attached to the surface of the deformation region of the 4D printing member 1, and the heating point can be flexibly selected to attach the compounded heat conductive tape 3 and the heating wire 2, so that a specific position on the 4D printing member 1 can be heated under an electrothermal condition, thereby achieving controllable deformation, increasing the flexibility of member deformation through flexible selection of the heating position, and further realizing intelligent deformation of the 4D printing member 1.
And, because of not needing the hot water bath, for 4D printing component 1 is suitable for different application scenarios and provides the condition, and heated uniformity has been improved for the electric plate heating, has improved the deformation quality.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. An electrically heated 4D printing assembly, comprising: printing a component, a heating wire and a heat conducting adhesive tape in 4D;
the 4D printing component is formed by 3D printing of a thermally activated shape memory polymer in a fused and stacked 3D printing mode, and comprises a component main body part and more than one deformation claw connected with the component main body part, wherein the shape memory polymer is made of any one of polylactic acid, polyurethane, polycaprolactone and nylon materials;
the heat-conducting adhesive tape and the heating wires are compounded and attached to the surface of a deformation area of the 4D printing component, the heating wires are arranged on the surface of the deformation area in a zigzag routing mode, the heating wires are further arranged on the surface of a connection area of each deformation claw and the component main body part, and the attachment area of the heat-conducting adhesive tape comprises the surface of the connection area;
wherein, in the heating state, each deformation claw is deformable relative to the member main body part, so that the included angle between the deformation claw and the member main body part is changed, and after the heating is finished, the included angle between the deformation claw and the member main body part is changed stably to reach the terminal deformation angle.
2. The 4D printing assembly of claim 1, wherein the 4D printing means is: through the 3D printing mode of melting accumulational, carry out 3D to the shape memory polymer of thermal activation and print and form, wherein, shape memory polymer's material is any one of polylactic acid, polyurethane, polycaprolactone and nylon material.
3. The 4D printing assembly of claim 1 or 2, wherein the 4D printing member is a thin shell member having a thickness in the range of 0.5-5 mm.
4. The 4D printing assembly of claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive tape is a foil tape that is temperature resistant to greater than 100 ℃.
5. The 4D print assembly of claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive tape has a tape thickness in the range of 10-100 μ ι η.
6. The 4D printing assembly of claim 1, wherein the heating wire is a heating wire with a diameter of 10-100 μ ι η.
7. A4D printing method based on the 4D printing assembly of any one of claims 1-6, comprising:
compounding a heat-conducting adhesive tape and a heating wire;
the method comprises the steps of attaching a heat-conducting adhesive tape and a heating wire after compounding to the surface of a deformation area of a 4D printing component to obtain a 4D printing component, wherein the 4D printing component is formed by 3D printing of a thermally activated shape memory polymer in a fused and accumulated 3D printing mode and comprises a component main body part and more than one deformation claw connected with the component main body part, the shape memory polymer is made of any one of polylactic acid, polyurethane, polycaprolactone and nylon materials, the heating wire is arranged on the surface of the deformation area in a zigzag routing mode, the heating wire is further arranged on the surface of the connection area of each deformation claw and the component main body part, the attachment area of the heat-conducting adhesive tape comprises the surface of the connection area, each deformation claw can deform relative to the component main body part in a heating state so that the included angle between each deformation claw and the component main body part changes, and after heating is finished, the included angle between each deformation claw and the component main body part changes stably to reach a deformation angle;
heating the 4D printing assembly on a heating plate, and flattening the heated 4D printing assembly;
cooling the 4D printing assembly to keep the planar shape of the 4D printing assembly;
and electrifying the heating wire and maintaining the preset time length so as to heat the 4D printing component and enable the 4D printing component to deform, wherein the heating wire is a heating wire, and the heat conduction adhesive tape is used for fixing the heating wire on the surface of a deformation area of the 4D printing component and conducting the heating heat on the heating wire to the 4D printing component so as to uniformly heat the deformation area.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011100132.3A CN112477140B (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Electrical heating 4D printing assembly and printing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011100132.3A CN112477140B (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Electrical heating 4D printing assembly and printing method |
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| CN112477140A CN112477140A (en) | 2021-03-12 |
| CN112477140B true CN112477140B (en) | 2023-02-17 |
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