CN105416538B - The marine propeller of deformable blade - Google Patents
The marine propeller of deformable blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN105416538B CN105416538B CN201510890943.0A CN201510890943A CN105416538B CN 105416538 B CN105416538 B CN 105416538B CN 201510890943 A CN201510890943 A CN 201510890943A CN 105416538 B CN105416538 B CN 105416538B
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- alloy wire
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- propeller
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
- B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
- B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
- B63H1/14—Propellers
- B63H1/26—Blades
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The marine propeller of deformable blade, the present invention relates to the marine propeller of deformable blade, present invention is to solve traditional marine propeller under off-design behaviour during such as high powered travel, propeller performance is decreased obviously, new method must be found to design marine propeller, improve the performance of marine propeller, it includes propeller hub and multiple blades, blade includes blade body and blade skeleton, blade skeleton includes skeleton girder, first row B alloy wire and second row B alloy wire, first row B alloy wire and second row B alloy wire are symmetricly set on the both sides of skeleton girder, blade skeleton is arranged on blade body, multiple blade bodies are diametrically mounted on propeller hub, the present invention is used for propeller and manufactures field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the marine propeller of deformable blade.
Background technology
Marine propeller has just been played since its appearance as the water surface or the most popular puopulsion equipment of submarine navigation device
Irreplaceable effect, either navigation unit by water, such as naval vessel, torpedo, or submarine navigation device, such as submarine, submariner device
Deng all too busy to get away propeller of their propulsion.At present, the propeller that the most of waters surface and submarine navigation device are used, it is designed
Scheme mainly has two kinds：Scheme one is geometry in particular Design of Propeller scheme, under design conditions, and the propeller can be obtained
Optimal power performance, this design is also current most common technique most ripe design；Scheme two is adjustable
Pitch propeller design, the propeller can change its inclination angle within the specific limits so that pitch changes, with suitable
Answer the navigation under different operating modes.Above two design has the characteristics of its is common, one of them most clearly disadvantageous part
It is exactly：Under off-design behaviour during such as high powered travel, propeller performance is decreased obviously.Based on described above, the patent No.
For：95221289.7, it is entitled《Combined screw rotating plasma》Patent, disclose round platform, root of blade, hub and blade are using casting
Iron is cast, processed hub and the conical bore on blade, round platform, keyway, the root of blade, and dovetail groove is in the both sides of dovetail groove point
A positioning hole is not opened, and dovetail groove is wanted to coordinate the trapezium structure both sides of root of blade to stamp positioning hole corresponding with dovetail groove, but leaf
Chip architecture and shape can not change, because the different shape of propeller corresponds to different propulsive force and propulsive efficiency, propeller
It can not deform that to be easily caused propeller propulsive efficiency low, waste engine fuel, be easily caused propeller by enormous impact force
Damage propeller, and flexibility it is poor the problem of, due to this reason so that we have to look for new method to design ship
With propeller, so as to improve the performance of marine propeller.
The content of the invention
Present invention is the spiral in order to solve traditional marine propeller under off-design behaviour during such as high powered travel
Oar performance is decreased obviously, and must find new method to design marine propeller, improves the performance of marine propeller, but existing skill
Art middle period chip architecture and shape can not change, and cause propeller propulsive efficiency low, waste engine fuel, are easily caused propeller
Damaged propeller by enormous impact force, and flexibility it is poor the problem of, and then provide the marine propeller of deformable blade.
The technical scheme that is used to solve the above problems of the present invention is：
The marine propeller of deformable blade, it includes propeller hub and multiple blades, and blade includes blade body and blade skeleton,
Blade skeleton includes skeleton girder, first row B alloy wire and second row B alloy wire, first row B alloy wire and second row B alloy wire pair
Claim the both sides for being arranged on skeleton girder, blade skeleton is arranged on blade body, and multiple blade bodies are diametrically mounted on propeller hub.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：By the way that the performance under the different operating modes of propeller is tested and analyzed, it is determined that often
Optimal propeller configurations under operating mode are planted, so that it is determined that deformation program is overall deformation or local deformation；Determine a certain work
Under condition after optimal deformation program, in the operating mode, to the first row B alloy wire 6 and second row of corresponding a few or whole
B alloy wire in B alloy wire 7 is powered, then every B alloy wire heat release after powered up so that the shape memory of B alloy wire region gathers
Compound composite material temperature is raised, and when temperature is increased to glass transition temperature, (glass transition temperature is shape memory polymers
Characteristic temperature of the thing from the larger glassy state of rigidity to the conversion of rigidity less rubbery state) more than when, the region rigidity drastically subtracts
Small, so that B alloy wire is able to flexural deformation, so as to drive the region camber to change, being reduced to vitrifying in this regional temperature turns
After changing below temperature, the shape-memory polymer in the region is changed into glassy state, and rigidity replys original state；If being dropped again
Temperature, when B alloy wire returns back to the trend of rectilinear form again, now because marmem and propeller blade deformation are not assisted
Tune causes with the presence of prestressing force, the glass transition temperature of rapid heated shape memory alloy silk to shape-memory polymer, this
When shape-memory polymer return back to original state, i.e. propeller blade and return back to original state.Under same rotating speed, propeller is not
Similar shape corresponds to different propulsive force and propulsive efficiency, and the program can realize the change of propeller propulsive force, and turn in difference
Speed is lower to keep propeller to be respectively provided with relatively higher propulsive efficiency and bigger fltting speed and propulsive force, under maximum speed
With the fltting speed higher compared to similar propeller and bigger propulsive force, when ship is in cruising condition, spiral shell can be made
Certain deformation, which occurs, for rotation oar makes its operating efficiency highest, so that fuel is saved, when propeller load is overweight, by changing its office
Portion's camber can easily lay down fractional load, while protecting propeller to be damaged less, also avoid because of conversion marine main engine
Mode of operation and the impact failure brought, the high degree of flexibility and multi-operation mode of the propeller will greatly improve its synthesis
Performance, makes it adaptive to the marine environment of complexity, propeller is had high efficiency, big propulsive force, the effect of high maneuverability,
The different shape local deformation of propeller or overall deformation can realize high efficiency or high motor-driven operation under different operating modes, improve spiral
Adaptivity of the oar to different complex working conditions.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure front view of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is overall structure axonometric drawing of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is bidirectional shape memory
The temperature of alloy and the graph of relation of flexural deformation, abscissa is heating-up temperature, and ordinate is deformation extent, deformation extent with
The angle of bend of B alloy wire is calculated, and the shape-memory alloy wire is two-way shape memory alloys silk, and its original shape is linear
(T=20 DEG C), to deform it, to B alloy wire be powered after, B alloy wire is heating up, until temperature more than 150 DEG C (20 DEG C~
150 DEG C are stage a), and flexural deformation takes place in B alloy wire, until being warming up to 170 DEG C of deformation maximums, (150 DEG C~170 DEG C are rank
B), B alloy wire angle of bend now is 10 ° to section；If wanting to make B alloy wire return back to original-shape, reduce electrical current, B alloy wire
Temperature is begun to decline, until be decreased below 40 DEG C (170 DEG C~40 DEG C are stage c), and B alloy wire starts to return back to rectilinear form,
Until 20 degrees Celsius are replied completion, (40 DEG C~20 DEG C are stage d).
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the ship of deformable blade described in present embodiment
With propeller, it includes propeller hub 1 and multiple blades 2, and blade 2 includes blade body 3 and blade skeleton 4, and blade skeleton 4 includes skeleton
Girder 5, first row B alloy wire 6 and second row B alloy wire 7, first row B alloy wire 6 and second row B alloy wire 7 are symmetricly set on skeleton
The both sides of girder 5, blade skeleton 4 is arranged on blade body 3, and multiple blade bodies 3 are diametrically mounted on propeller hub 1.
Embodiment two：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the deformable blade of present embodiment it is peculiar to vessel
Propeller, the skeleton girder 5 is hollow body, other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, deformable blade described in present embodiment
Marine propeller, the first row B alloy wire 6 is set by the different B alloy wire side by side parallel of multiple length and constituted, and first row is closed
Distance on spun gold 6 between two neighboring B alloy wire is the 1/48~1/10 of propeller tip circular diameter, and the length of each B alloy wire
It is that skeleton girder 5 arrives propeller guide margin or propeller with the 1/2~9/10 of back gauge, second row B alloy wire 7 is by multiple length
Different B alloy wire side by side parallel sets the distance on composition, second row B alloy wire 7 between two neighboring B alloy wire to be the propeller tip
The 1/48~1/10 of circular diameter, and the length of each B alloy wire arrives propeller guide margin or propeller with back gauge for skeleton girder 5
1/2~9/10, tip circle be propeller rotation when, the circular trace drawn by blade blade tip, propeller blade blade tip (blade top
Point) as boundary, blade blade face edge has been divided into two sections.One side of " close " propeller turning direction is then guide margin, and another side is exactly
Lagging edge.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four：Illustrate present embodiment, the spiral shell peculiar to vessel of the deformable blade of present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2
The two poles of the earth of power supply, second row alloy are accessed in the two ends for revolving each B alloy wire on oar, the first row B alloy wire 6 by wire respectively
The two poles of the earth of power supply, and each B alloy wire on first row B alloy wire 6 are accessed in the two ends of each B alloy wire by wire respectively on silk 7
Two wires of each B alloy wire are arranged in the hollow body of skeleton girder 5 on two wires and second row B alloy wire 7, other
It is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the ship of deformable blade described in present embodiment
With propeller, the skeleton girder 5 is the skeleton girder being made up of light-weight metal or composite, the skeleton girder 5
Length be propeller tip circular diameter 1/3~1/2, it is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment six：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the ship of deformable blade described in present embodiment
With propeller, the blade body 3 is to strengthen to be molded after phase using the laying mould pressing process laying multi-layer fiber of composite to form,
Blade skeleton 4 is arranged in multi-layer fiber, other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment seven：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the ship of deformable blade described in present embodiment
With propeller, the first row B alloy wire 6 is the first row B alloy wire being made up of two-way shape memory alloys material, described second
It is the second row B alloy wire being made up of two-way shape memory alloys material to arrange B alloy wire 7；So-called bidirectional shape memory process refers to：
Two-way shape memory alloys material is at lower temperature (such as 20 DEG C -150 DEG C in Fig. 3), and B alloy wire keeps linear substantially,
When heating-up temperature is higher than a certain specified temp (such as 150 DEG C -170 DEG C in Fig. 3), B alloy wire is changed into bending from linear
Shape, and as temperature by the reduction of (170 DEG C in Fig. 3) of higher temperature is always maintained at curved shape, until temperature is reduced to certain
One specified temp (such as 40 DEG C in figure), B alloy wire gradually replys rectilinear form by bending, and is heated and is cooled again, should
Process can circulate appearance, other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment eight：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the ship of deformable blade described in present embodiment
With propeller, B alloy wire heat release after powered up so that the shape memory polymer composite material temperature of B alloy wire region
Degree rise, when temperature is increased to glass transition temperature, (glass transition temperature is that shape-memory polymer is larger by rigidity
Characteristic temperature from glassy state to the conversion of rigidity less rubbery state) more than when, the region rigidity is strongly reduced, so that B alloy wire is obtained
To deform, and then the region camber is driven to change, it is other identical with embodiment seven.
Embodiment nine：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the ship of deformable blade described in present embodiment
With propeller, the blade 2 can change own form according to actual needs, can both drive B alloy wire to realize overall deformation,
It can realize that the shape after local deformation, and deformation can return back to original shape completely as needed with drive part B alloy wire again,
It is separately controlled, is independent of each other between every B alloy wire, it is other identical with embodiment seven.
Embodiment ten：Illustrate present embodiment with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, the ship of deformable blade described in present embodiment
With propeller, the blade body 3 is the blade body being made up of the composite based on shape-memory polymer matrix, other with having
Body embodiment one is identical.
Operation principle
By the way that the performance under the different operating modes of propeller is tested and analyzed, optimal spiral under every kind of operating mode is determined
Oar configuration, so as to determine that deformation program is overall deformation or local deformation according to different operating modes；Determine under a certain operating mode
After deformation program, in the operating mode, the original state of B alloy wire is straightened condition, and its temperature rises after energization, B alloy wire institute
Heated in the composite material of shape memory of regional area, until the glass transition temperature of shape-memory polymer is (such as in Fig. 3
120 DEG C) when, shape memory polymer composite material rigidity is greatly reduced, and temperature continuously rises to a certain temperature (such as Fig. 3
In 150 DEG C) when, B alloy wire drive composite material of shape memory to blade face direction produce bending, then reduce electrical current close
The temperature of spun gold declines therewith, and blade 2 starts cooling, until shape-memory polymer glass transition temperature is (such as in Fig. 3
120 DEG C) below, the rigidity of composite material of shape memory is greatly increased, and blade body 3 is deformed；If wanting to reply original shape,
Blade cooling is continued as, until temperature is down to a certain characteristic temperature (such as 30 DEG C in Fig. 3), B alloy wire returns back to initial straight again
The trend of wire shaped, now continues to heat B alloy wire more than glass transition temperature, shape memory polymer composite material
Original shape is returned back to, the shape of blade 2 is replied completely after cooling.Under same rotating speed, the different shape of propeller corresponds to
Different propulsive forces and propulsive efficiency, the program can realize the change of propeller propulsive force, and keep spiral under different rotating speeds
Oar is respectively provided with relatively higher propulsive efficiency and bigger fltting speed and propulsive force, has under maximum speed compared to similar
The higher fltting speed of propeller and bigger propulsive force, when ship is in cruising condition, can become propeller blade configuration
Shape is to propeller works efficiency highest shape, so that fuel is saved, can by changing its camber when propeller load is overweight
Easily to lay down fractional load, while protecting propeller to damage less, also avoid because of the mode of operation of conversion marine main engine
The impact failure brought, the high degree of flexibility and multi-operation mode of the propeller will greatly improve its combination property, make it
It is adaptive to the marine environment of complexity.
Claims (4)
1. the marine propeller of deformable blade, it includes propeller hub (1) and multiple blades (2), it is characterised in that：Blade (2) is wrapped
Blade body (3) and blade skeleton (4) are included, blade skeleton (4) includes skeleton girder (5), first row B alloy wire (6) and second row and closed
Spun gold (7), skeleton girder (5) is hollow body, and first row B alloy wire (6) is by the different B alloy wire side by side parallel of multiple length
Composition is set, and first row B alloy wire (6) is the first row B alloy wire being made up of two-way shape memory alloys material, first row alloy
Distance on silk (6) between two neighboring B alloy wire is the 1/48~1/10 of propeller tip circular diameter, second row B alloy wire (7) be by
The different B alloy wire side by side parallel of multiple length sets composition, and second row B alloy wire (7) is by dual shape memory alloys material system
Into second row B alloy wire, the distance on second row B alloy wire (7) between two neighboring B alloy wire is the 1/ of propeller tip circular diameter
48~1/10, first row B alloy wire (6) and second row B alloy wire (7) are symmetricly set on the both sides of skeleton girder (5), blade skeleton
(4) it is arranged on blade body (3), multiple blade bodies (3) are diametrically mounted on propeller hub (1).
2. the marine propeller of deformable blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The first row B alloy wire (6)
Two of each B alloy wire on the two poles of the earth of power supply, second row B alloy wire (7) are accessed at the two ends of upper each B alloy wire by wire respectively
End respectively by wire access power supply the two poles of the earth, and on first row B alloy wire (6) each B alloy wire two wires and second row
Two wires of each B alloy wire are arranged in the hollow body of skeleton girder (5) on B alloy wire (7).
3. the marine propeller of deformable blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The skeleton girder (5) be by
The skeleton girder that light-weight metal or composite are made, the length of the skeleton girder (5) is propeller tip circular diameter
1/3~1/2.
4. the marine propeller of deformable blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The blade body (3) is by base
The blade body being made in the composite of shape-memory polymer matrix.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510890943.0A CN105416538B (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2015-12-07 | The marine propeller of deformable blade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510890943.0A CN105416538B (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2015-12-07 | The marine propeller of deformable blade |
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| CN105416538B true CN105416538B (en) | 2017-10-03 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105966582A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ship transformable propeller based on bidirectional shape memory polymer composite propeller blades |
| WO2018094575A1 (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-31 | 王金宏 | Variable-pitch propeller device |
| CN107418077A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-01 | 安徽卓尔航空科技有限公司 | One kind injection frame construction composite propeller |
| CN107618644B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-07-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of deformable propeller |
| CN112477140B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2023-02-17 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Electrical heating 4D printing assembly and printing method |
| CN112682334A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-20 | 浙江工业大学 | Reversible fan based on bistable-state blades and manufacturing method |
| CN115195977A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | 4D prints flexible screw |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2248162Y (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-02-26 | 刘星祖 | Combined screw propeller |
| CN101734369B (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2012-06-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Shape memory polymer-based air filling extensible wing and methods for manufacturing same |
| US20110255974A1 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | General Electric Company | Configurable winglet for wind turbine blades |
| CN102530212A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○二研究所 | Self-adaptive biomimetic composite propeller blade |
| CN104295444A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-21 | 上海交通大学 | Blade device and system with local contour deformation function and control method |
| CN104816815A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Shape memory alloy fiber and super-elastic body compound deformation skin |
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