CN109648817A - A kind of preparation method of 3D printing intelligent deformation material - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of 3D printing intelligent deformation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109648817A CN109648817A CN201811521707.1A CN201811521707A CN109648817A CN 109648817 A CN109648817 A CN 109648817A CN 201811521707 A CN201811521707 A CN 201811521707A CN 109648817 A CN109648817 A CN 109648817A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/06—Elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2071/00—Use of polyethers, e.g. PEEK, i.e. polyether-etherketone or PEK, i.e. polyetherketone or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2503/00—Use of resin-bonded materials as filler
- B29K2503/04—Inorganic materials
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of 3D printing intelligent deformation material, purpose is the complicated irregular shape such as printable gradient-structure, biological structure, helical structure and microstructure, it is accurate efficient, simple and easy, prepare a kind of 3D printing intelligent deformation material with labyrinth and large deformation.The following steps are included: the preparation of the first step, polymer silk material, the 3D printing of second step, intelligent deformation material, the present invention are the materials based on polyether-ether-ketone powder and carbon fiber based on 3D printing technique.By the shape printed during control design case 3D printing, programmable paths change the intersecting angle of interlayer, can make the more complicated multiplicity of predeformation structure, its deformation can also be benefited by being parallel to printing path, can obtain bigger deformation and Recovery.This preparation method simplifies procedure of processing, saves production cost, improves processing efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of deformable material, in particular to a kind of preparation of 3D printing intelligent deformation material
Method.
Background technique
3D printing is a kind of " from lower relative to traditional different to raw material removal, cutting, the cooked mode of assembling
On " pass through the manufacturing method of material superposition.It is manufactured by 3D printing, it, can be directly from meter without machining or any mold
The part that any shape is generated in calculation machine graph data can greatly shorten the lead time of product, and 3D is beaten without assembling
Print saves material, reduces waste and the production cost of raw material, improves productivity, this makes the past by conventionally manufactured side
The constraint of formula, the complicated precision architecture part manufacture that cannot achieve originally become possible.
With the fields international competition such as aerospace, mechanical transport, biologic medical, defense military aggravation and its height intelligence
Change development trend, higher and higher want is proposed to the performance (function, efficiency and deformation precision etc.) of shape memory intelligent device
It asks.Although conventional shape-memory device has had intelligent deformation ability, the bottles such as that there are volumes is big, effect is low, shape is single
Neck problem seriously limits its development and application.It compares, inherent light and handy, accurate, the efficient intelligent deformation of biological structure is special
Sign, provides natural source for the high-precision deformation and large effect of artificial structure.The especially quick hair of 3D printing technique
Exhibition, make complicated shape bionic intelligence structure is manufactured as possibility.Develop the design of bionic intelligence structure and 3D printing blend of predominance
Integration Theory and technology, be shape memory intellectual material and device design and manufacture the major opportunity and challenge that face, enclose
Around the basic theory and property of shape memory intelligent macromolecule material biomimetic features design and material modification, 3D printing technique and equipment
It can test and be ground with the important scientific problems such as Optimum Regulation, development intelligent macromolecule material with the design of device biomimetic features and 3D printing
Study carefully, focuses on solving shape-memory material intellectual material biomimetic features design principle, the control shape control principle of 3D printing, intellectual material
The important technicals bottleneck problem such as function and biomimetic features synergy principle, provides for the design and manufacture of New Generation of Intelligent material
Theory and technology.
Polyether-ether-ketone is a kind of special engineering plastics haveing excellent performance, and has high temperature resistant, self-lubricating, easy processing and height mechanical
The features such as intensity.Polyether-ether-ketone has shape memory characteristic, but its deflection is smaller, and shape recovery rate is lower.Therefore by polyethers
Ether ketone is combined with 3D printing, can one-pass molding precision architecture, and forming path can also benefit its deformation, increase its deformational behavior
And intensity, do not lose deformation performance.And entire production procedure can be simplified by 3D printing, there is huge design space, can make
The product that traditional handicraft is difficult to or even can not process is produced, application prospect applications well field is extensive.But polyether-ether-ketone institute
Need print temperature higher, higher temperature can destroy the group of high-molecular compound, it can be made to lose or lose most of deformation
Performance.Therefore, a kind of not only suitable 3D printing, but also the 3D printing intelligent deformation that can make polyether-ether-ketone that there is deformation characteristic how to be developed
Material is urgently further studied.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods of 3D printing intelligent deformation material, can print gradient-structure, life
The complexity irregular shape such as object structure, helical structure and microstructure, it is accurate efficient, simple and easy, it prepares a kind of with complexity
The 3D printing intelligent deformation material of structure and large deformation.
The present invention the following steps are included:
The preparation of the first step, polymer silk material:
Polyether-ether-ketone powder 70%~100% is taken by mass percentage, and carbon fiber 0%~30% is stirred mixing, mixes
Close uniformly after feed the mixture into heating extrusion device carry out heating and melting, after heating by heating extrusion device be expressed into 25 DEG C~
It is cooled down in 40 DEG C of cooling trough, silk material is made, the consumptive material as 3D printing；
The 3D printing of second step, intelligent deformation material:
The structure of design variations material carries out three-dimensional modeling to deformable material with Solidworks, then according to design level
Thickness carries out slicing treatment to model, and conversion generates STL formatted file, and STL formatted file is inputted in 3D printing system, is set
Parameter and printing path, interlayer intersecting angle are 0 °~180 °；Using fused glass pellet technique, carried out under closed environment
Printing extruder head and bottom plate are restored to dead-center position first by 3D printing, are finely adjusted to grease head highness is squeezed out, are then carried out first
The printing of layer, after first layer prints, extruder head lifting height is identical with thickness, and change interlayer angle carries out next layer and beats
Print, until deformable material printing finishes.
Deformable material can be designed to as needed in same layer include two or more different printing paths in second step
Structure includes two or more Print direction that is, in same layer.
After deformable material prints, by deformable material placement, natural cooling, deformable material cool to 20 DEG C in air
~25 DEG C, defining the shape of deformable material at this time is original shape, and deformable material, which is heated to 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, makes its softening,
By applying external force in different parts, then the different shape of imparting deformable material allows it to naturally cool to 20 DEG C~25 DEG C,
Deformable material is heated again, after temperature reaches 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, deformable material can be restored to original shape, realize intelligence
Deformation.
Polyether-ether-ketone powder and carbon fiber are stirred 8~10 minutes in the first step.
It successively includes that level Four heats that extrusion device is heated in the first step, and 120 DEG C~140 DEG C of first order heating temperature, second
180 DEG C~200 DEG C of heating temperature of grade, 240 DEG C~260 DEG C of third level heating temperature, 320 DEG C~360 DEG C of fourth stage heating temperature,
Mixture is heated to be semi-molten state, and inside passes through spiral squeezing using Screw Extrusion by the way of, and screw speed 110rpm~
140rpm, extruder head diameter 1mm~3mm.
Printer extruder head outlet diameter 1mm~3mm in second step, extruded velocity 45mm/s~120mm/s, extruder head temperature
Degree is 300 DEG C~350 DEG C, and 25 DEG C~120 DEG C of environment temperature, 100 DEG C~140 DEG C of baseplate temp, filling rate is 40%~80%,
Printing thickness is 0.15mm~0.3mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is the material based on polyether-ether-ketone powder and carbon fiber based on 3D printing technique.Pass through control design case
The shape printed during 3D printing, programmable paths change the intersecting angle of interlayer, predeformation structure can be made more complicated
Multiplicity, its deformation can also be benefited by being parallel to printing path, can obtain bigger deformation and Recovery.This preparation side
Method simplifies procedure of processing, saves production cost, improves processing efficiency.
3D printing intelligent deformation material prepared by the present invention is modified polyether-ether-ketone by carbon fiber, reduces
The print temperature of polyether-ether-ketone prevents excessively high print temperature from polyether-ether-ketone group being made to decompose, and loses deformation performance, and flat
Row can be promoted in the direction of carbon fiber and promote to deform, and material is made to have good deformation performance.
Level Four heating is carried out prepared by the present invention when polymer silk material, mixed-powder material can be carried out adequately pre-
Heat avoided impacting the performance of material in the condition of high temperature for a long time, influencing the deformation performance of 3D printing material.
Gained intelligent deformation material has good structure design and deformation multiplicity by addition carbon fiber, except realizing
Property except, also have high strength value can be improved the service life of 3D printing intellectual material in practical applications.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that powder level Four of the present invention heats extrusion device structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention prints different interlayer angular distortion material schematic diagrames.
Fig. 3 is the different interlayer angular distortion material deformation process examples of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the different Path Deform material schematic diagrames in present invention printing part.
Fig. 5 is the different Path Deform material deformation process examples in present invention part.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
It please refers to shown in Fig. 1,2,3:
The preparation of the first step, polymer silk material:
Polyether-ether-ketone powder 95% is taken by mass percentage, and carbon fiber 5% is stirred mixing 8~10 minutes, and mixing is equal
Heating extrusion device is fed the mixture into after even and carries out heating and melting, and heating extrusion device successively includes level Four heating, the first order
120 DEG C~140 DEG C of heating temperature, 180 DEG C~200 DEG C of second level heating temperature, 240 DEG C~260 DEG C of third level heating temperature, the
320 DEG C~360 DEG C of level Four heating temperature, mixture is heated to be semi-molten state, and inside passes through spiral shell by the way of Screw Extrusion
Rotation squeezes out, and screw speed 110rpm~140rpm, extruder head diameter 1mm~3mm are expressed into 25 by heating extrusion device after heating
DEG C~40 DEG C of cooling trough in cooled down, silk material is made, the consumptive material as 3D printing；
The 3D printing of second step, intelligent deformation material:
The structure of design variations material carries out three-dimensional modeling to deformable material with Solidworks, then according to design level
Thickness carries out slicing treatment to model, and conversion generates STL formatted file, and STL formatted file is inputted in 3D printing system, is set
Parameter and printing path, interlayer intersecting angle can be 30 °, 60 ° or 90 °；Using fused glass pellet technique, in closed loop
Carry out 3D printing under border, printer extruder head outlet diameter 1mm~3mm, extruded velocity 45mm/s~120mm/s, extruder head temperature
Degree is 300 DEG C~350 DEG C, and 25 DEG C~120 DEG C of environment temperature, 100 DEG C~140 DEG C of baseplate temp, filling rate is 40%~80%,
Printing thickness is 0.15mm~0.3mm, and printing extruder head and bottom plate are restored to dead-center position first, is carried out to grease head highness is squeezed out
Then fine tuning carries out the printing of first layer, after first layer prints, extruder head lifting height is identical as thickness, changes interlayer
Angle carries out next layer of printing, until deformable material printing finishes.
After deformable material prints, by deformable material placement, natural cooling, deformable material cool to 20 DEG C in air
~25 DEG C, defining the shape of deformable material at this time is original shape, and deformable material, which is heated to 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, makes its softening,
By applying external force in different parts, then the different shape of imparting deformable material allows it to naturally cool to 20 DEG C~25 DEG C,
Deformable material is heated again, after temperature reaches 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, deformable material can be restored to original shape, realize intelligence
Deformation.
Embodiment 2:
It please refers to shown in Fig. 1,4,5:
The preparation of the first step, polymer silk material:
Polyether-ether-ketone powder 80% is taken by mass percentage, and carbon fiber 20% is stirred mixing 8~10 minutes, mixing
Heating extrusion device is fed the mixture into after uniformly carries out heating and melting, heating extrusion device successively includes that level Four heats, and first
120 DEG C~140 DEG C of heating temperature of grade, 180 DEG C~200 DEG C of second level heating temperature, 240 DEG C~260 DEG C of third level heating temperature,
320 DEG C~360 DEG C of fourth stage heating temperature, mixture is heated to be semi-molten state, and inside is passed through by the way of Screw Extrusion
Spiral squeezing, screw speed 110rpm~140rpm, extruder head diameter 1mm~3mm are expressed into after heating by heating extrusion device
It is cooled down in 25 DEG C~40 DEG C of cooling trough, silk material is made, the consumptive material as 3D printing；
The 3D printing of second step, intelligent deformation material:
The structure of design variations material carries out three-dimensional modeling to deformable material with Solidworks, then according to design level
Thickness carries out slicing treatment to model, and conversion generates STL formatted file, and STL formatted file is inputted in 3D printing system, is set
Parameter and printing path, interlayer intersecting angle are 90 °, and partial printing path is different in same layer, i.e., include two in same layer
Kind or two or more Print directions；Using fused glass pellet technique, 3D printing, printer extruder head are carried out under closed environment
Outlet diameter 1mm~3mm, extruded velocity 45mm/s~120mm/s, extruder head temperature are 300 DEG C~350 DEG C, environment temperature 25
DEG C~120 DEG C, 100 DEG C~140 DEG C of baseplate temp, filling rate is 40%~80%, and printing thickness is 0.15mm~0.3mm, first
Printing extruder head and bottom plate are first restored to dead-center position, is finely adjusted to grease head highness is squeezed out, then carries out the printing of first layer,
After first layer prints, extruder head lifting height is identical as thickness, changes the printing that interlayer angle carries out next layer, Zhi Daobian
Shape file printing finishes.
After deformable material prints, by deformable material placement, natural cooling, deformable material cool to 20 DEG C in air
~25 DEG C, defining the shape of deformable material at this time is original shape, and deformable material, which is heated to 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, makes its softening,
By applying external force in different parts, then the different shape of imparting deformable material allows it to naturally cool to 20 DEG C~25 DEG C,
Deformable material is heated again, after temperature reaches 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, deformable material can be restored to original shape, realize intelligence
Deformation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing intelligent deformation material, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
The preparation of the first step, polymer silk material:
Polyether-ether-ketone powder 70%~100% is taken by mass percentage, and carbon fiber 0%~30% is stirred mixing, and mixing is equal
Heating extrusion device is fed the mixture into after even and carries out heating and melting, is expressed into 25 DEG C~40 DEG C by heating extrusion device after heating
Cooling trough in cooled down, silk material is made, the consumptive material as 3D printing；
The 3D printing of second step, intelligent deformation material:
The structure of design variations material carries out three-dimensional modeling to deformable material with Solidworks, then according to design thickness pair
Model carries out slicing treatment, and conversion generates STL formatted file, and STL formatted file is inputted in 3D printing system, parameter is set
And printing path, interlayer intersecting angle are 0 °~180 °；Using fused glass pellet technique, 3D is carried out under closed environment and is beaten
Printing extruder head and bottom plate are restored to dead-center position first by print, are finely adjusted to grease head highness is squeezed out, are then carried out first layer
Printing, after first layer prints, extruder head lifting height is identical as thickness, changes the printing that interlayer angle carries out next layer,
Until deformable material printing finishes.
2. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing intelligent deformation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in second step
Same layer includes two or more different printing paths.
3. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing intelligent deformation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: deformable material
After printing, deformable material is placed into natural cooling in air, deformable material cools to 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, definition deformation material
The shape of material at this time is original shape, and deformable material, which is heated to 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, makes its softening, by different parts
Apply external force, assign deformable material different shapes, then allows it to naturally cool to 20 DEG C~25 DEG C, then carry out to deformable material
Heating, after temperature reaches 140 DEG C~170 DEG C, deformable material can be restored to original shape, realize intelligent deformation.
4. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing intelligent deformation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the first step
Polyether-ether-ketone powder and carbon fiber are stirred 8~10 minutes.
5. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing intelligent deformation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the first step
Heating extrusion device successively includes that level Four heats, and 120 DEG C~140 DEG C of first order heating temperature, 180 DEG C of second level heating temperature~
200 DEG C, 240 DEG C~260 DEG C of third level heating temperature, 320 DEG C~360 DEG C of fourth stage heating temperature, mixture is heated to be fritting
Melt state, inside passes through spiral squeezing, screw speed 110rpm~140rpm, extruder head diameter by the way of Screw Extrusion
1mm~3mm.
6. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing intelligent deformation material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in second step
Printer extruder head outlet diameter 1mm~3mm, extruded velocity 45mm/s~120mm/s, extruder head temperature is 300 DEG C~350
DEG C, 25 DEG C~120 DEG C of environment temperature, 100 DEG C~140 DEG C of baseplate temp, filling rate is 40%~80%, and printing thickness is
0.15mm~0.3mm.
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| CN110509578A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-29 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of heat treatment method improving 3D printing polyether-ether-ketone shape-memory properties |
| CN110509578B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2020-11-17 | 华中科技大学 | Heat treatment method for improving shape memory performance of polyether-ether-ketone in 3D printing |
| CN110576602A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-17 | 华中科技大学 | 3D printing method of polyether-ether-ketone and printing sample piece thereof |
| CN112477140A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-03-12 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Electrical heating 4D printing assembly and printing method |
| CN112477140B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2023-02-17 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Electrical heating 4D printing assembly and printing method |
| CN113400634A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-17 | 金华卡梦新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of graphene oxide-carbon fiber hybrid reinforced shape memory composite material |
| CN114038672A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-02-11 | 盐城工学院 | Preparation method and device of complex special-shaped gradient magnet and application thereof |
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