CN112466084A - Electrical fire monitoring detector and alarm method thereof - Google Patents
Electrical fire monitoring detector and alarm method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112466084A CN112466084A CN202011334590.3A CN202011334590A CN112466084A CN 112466084 A CN112466084 A CN 112466084A CN 202011334590 A CN202011334590 A CN 202011334590A CN 112466084 A CN112466084 A CN 112466084A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrical fire monitoring detector and an alarm method thereof. The detector comprises a pyrolytic ion sensor detection module, an air pumping device, a pumping control circuit, a single chip microcomputer and an alarm output circuit, wherein the pumping control circuit is used for controlling the air pumping device to start according to a starting signal of the single chip microcomputer so as to suck air into the cavity; the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module is used for detecting the quantity of electrolytic ions in the air in real time and storing the collected quantity of the electric ions in the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer is used for comparing the number of the collected electric ions with a preset pyrolysis ion threshold value, and when the early warning condition is met, the single chip microcomputer triggers the alarm output circuit to output a fire early warning signal. The invention can greatly accelerate the very early warning of the electric fire fault and ensure certain accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of public safety fire fighting, in particular to an extremely early electric fire monitoring detector and an alarm method thereof.
Background
The existing electric fire monitoring detector only detects residual current and temperature, and can not detect and alarm all equipment and wires which have electrical faults, so that the alarm missing condition exists in actual engineering. Secondly, the existing electric fire monitor only detects smoke and temperature after fire, and cannot realize early warning of fire.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrical fire monitoring detector which can realize very early fire detection and early warning.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an alarming method of the above electrical fire monitoring detector.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an electrical fire monitoring detector, which comprises a pyrolytic ion sensor detection module, an air pumping device, a pumping control circuit, a single chip microcomputer and an alarm output circuit, wherein the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module and the alarm output circuit are both connected with the single chip microcomputer; the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module and the air pumping device are arranged in the detector shell, and the pumping control circuit is used for controlling the air pumping device to be started according to the starting signal of the single chip microcomputer so as to suck air into the detector; the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module is used for detecting the quantity of electrolytic ions in the air in real time and storing the collected quantity of the electric ions in the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer is used for comparing the number of the collected electric ions with a preset pyrolysis ion threshold value, and when the early warning condition is met, the single chip microcomputer triggers the alarm output circuit to output a fire early warning signal.
Further, the early warning condition is that the number of the collected ions is greater than or equal to a preset first pyrolytic ion threshold value.
Furthermore, pump suction control circuit still is used for gathering and pumps device operating voltage, the current feedback to the singlechip, pyrolysis ion sensor detection module still is used for giving the singlechip with self operating voltage, current transmission in real time, and the singlechip judges whether the detector breaks down based on the comparison of above-mentioned operating voltage, current and corresponding predetermined threshold value.
Furthermore, the electric fire monitoring detector also comprises a smoke sensor detection module, a smoke chamber shutter and a shutter control circuit, wherein the smoke sensor detection module is connected with the singlechip, and the smoke chamber shutter is connected with the singlechip through the shutter control circuit; the smoke sensor detection module is arranged in a cavity in the detector, the cavity is sealed by a smoke chamber shutter, the shutter control circuit is used for controlling the switching of the opening and the closing of the smoke chamber shutter under the instruction of the singlechip, and the smoke sensor detection module is awakened when the shutter is opened; the smoke sensor detection module is used for detecting smoke concentration and storing the collected smoke concentration in the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer is used for indicating the shutter control circuit to start the shutter when the early warning condition is met, comparing the collected smoke concentration with a preset smoke threshold value, triggering the alarm output circuit to output a fire alarm signal when the alarm condition is met, and cutting off a main power supply of the electrical equipment.
Further, the shutter control circuit is also used for detecting shutter working voltage and current and feeding back the shutter working voltage and current to the single chip microcomputer, the smoke sensor detection module transmits the working voltage and current of the smoke sensor detection module to the single chip microcomputer in real time in an awakening state, and the single chip microcomputer judges whether the detector breaks down or not based on comparison of the working voltage and current with corresponding preset threshold values.
Further, the alarm condition is that the collected smoke concentration is greater than or equal to a preset smoke threshold value, the collected pyrolytic ion quantity is greater than or equal to a second pyrolytic ion threshold value, and the second pyrolytic ion threshold value is greater than the first pyrolytic ion threshold value.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an alarm method based on the above electrical fire monitoring detector, including: when the detector is powered on and works, the air pump suction device is controlled by the single chip microcomputer to be started, the sampled air flows through the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module, the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module detects the quantity of electrolytic ions in the air in real time and transmits the quantity to the single chip microcomputer to carry out comparison analysis, and when the detected quantity of the electrolytic ions exceeds a preset first pyrolytic ion threshold value, the alarm circuit outputs a fire early warning signal to prompt related personnel to carry out electrical equipment inspection.
Further, the alarm method of the electrical fire monitoring detector further comprises the following steps: when the detected quantity of the electrolytic ions exceeds a preset first pyrolytic ion threshold value, the single chip microcomputer controls the smoke chamber shutter to be opened, sampled air flows into the smoke sensor detection module through the smoke chamber shutter, and when the smoke detection module detects that the smoke concentration exceeds the preset smoke threshold value and the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module detects that the quantity of the electrolytic ions exceeds a second pyrolytic ion threshold value, the alarm circuit outputs a fire alarm signal and cuts off a main power supply of the electrical equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the electric fire monitoring detector detects electric ions released before the fire of the electric equipment, and when the pyrolysis ion sensor detects the electric ions released before the fire of the electric equipment, the detector sends out an early warning signal, so that the very early warning of the electric fire fault is greatly accelerated. Meanwhile, smoke is detected through the smoke sensor, once the smoke is detected, the detector sends out a fire signal, and the power supply of the electrical equipment is cut off. The fire disaster detection and judgment are combined, so that the accuracy of the fire disaster is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an electrical fire monitoring detector system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a detection module of a pyrolytic ion/smoke sensor according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for determining a fault at an initial stage of power-on of a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for fault determination during operation of a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for alarm determination during operation of a detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are provided only for the purpose of thoroughly and completely disclosing the present invention and fully conveying the technical concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art, and the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an extremely early electrical fire monitoring detector includes: the device comprises a pyrolytic ion sensor detection module, a smoke sensor detection module, an air pumping device (hereinafter referred to as a pumping device), a smoke chamber shutter, a pumping control circuit, a shutter control circuit, a single chip microcomputer and an alarm output circuit. The pump suction device, the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module, the smoke chamber shutter and the smoke sensor detection module are arranged inside the detector shell, the smoke sensor detection module is arranged in a closed cavity, and the cavity is sealed by the smoke chamber shutter. When the detector is powered on to work, the single chip microcomputer gives a starting signal to the pumping control circuit, the pumping control circuit controls the pumping device to start, and meanwhile, the pumping control circuit collects working voltage and current of the pumping device in real time and feeds the working voltage and current back to the single chip microcomputer. The sampling air flows into the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module through the pumping device, and the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module collects the pyrolytic ion quantity of the inflow air in real time and feeds back the voltage, current or data signals of the sensor detection module to the single chip microcomputer. When the number of the pyrolysis ions collected by the single chip microcomputer is smaller than a first preset threshold value N (min), the smoke chamber shutter is closed all the time, the smoke sensor detection module is in a dormant state, and the sampled air is directly discharged from the detector. When the number of the pyrolysis ions collected by the single chip microcomputer is larger than or equal to a first preset threshold value N (min), the single chip microcomputer gives a starting signal to the shutter control circuit, the shutter of the smoke chamber is opened, and meanwhile, the alarm output circuit outputs a fire early warning signal; the smoke sensor detection module is awakened, at the moment, sampled air flows into the smoke sensor detection module through a smoke chamber shutter, and when the smoke concentration acquired by the smoke sensor detection module is greater than or equal to a preset smoke threshold value C (max) and the number of pyrolytic ions is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold value N (max), the alarm output circuit outputs a fire alarm signal and cuts off a main power supply of electrical equipment. The switch of the shutter of the smoke chamber can enable the smoke sensor detection module to be always arranged in the clean chamber, so that the influence of on-site dust and flying catkins on the smoke sensor is reduced, and the service life of the smoke sensor is greatly prolonged.
Referring to fig. 2, the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module and the smoke sensor detection module are composed of a sensor, a front-end circuit, a filter circuit, an amplifying circuit and a single chip microcomputer. Analog signals of the sensor are amplified by the front-end circuit, filtered by the filter circuit, secondarily amplified by the amplifying circuit and then enter an AD port of the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer in the detection module converts the analog signals into digital signals, and the digital signals are transmitted to the main single chip microcomputer of the detector through a communication port of the single chip microcomputer. In practical project application, the amplified analog quantity signal can be directly transmitted to an AD port of a main singlechip of the detector, analog-to-digital conversion is realized, and fire disaster judgment is carried out based on numerical comparison. The sensor in the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module is used for detecting specific type gas released by the heated surface of the cable, and the corresponding pyrolytic ion sensor can be selected according to the specific properties of the detection cable.
The electrical fire monitoring detector for fire detection and alarm comprises the following stages:
first, fault judgment of initial power-on stage of detector
Referring to fig. 3, after the electric fire monitoring detector is powered on, the single chip microcomputer controls the pumping control circuit to start the pumping device and the smoke chamber shutter control circuit to start the shutter; starting a pyrolytic ion sensor detection module; starting a smoke sensor detection module; the pumping control circuit feeds back the current operating voltage and current of the pumping device to the singlechip; the smoke chamber control circuit feeds back the shutter operation voltage and current to the singlechip; and voltage, current or digital quantity signals (namely signals detected by the sensors) of the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module and the smoke sensor detection module are transmitted to the singlechip. The detector normally operates when the voltage, current or digital quantity signals meet the preset threshold range of normal operation in the single chip microcomputer, otherwise, the alarm output circuit outputs a fault signal.
(II) fault judgment during operation of detector
Referring to fig. 4, during the normal operation of the electrical fire monitoring detector, the pumping control circuit feeds back the current operating voltage and current of the pumping device to the single chip microcomputer in real time; and the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module transmits voltage, current or digital quantity signals to the single chip microcomputer in real time. The detector normally operates when the voltage, current or digital signals meet the preset threshold range for normal operation in the single chip microcomputer, otherwise, the alarm output circuit outputs a fault signal. In order to detect whether the smoke sensor detection module works normally, the shutter control circuit of the smoke chamber is controlled to start the shutter in the interval period of the single chip microcomputer, and the dormant smoke sensor detection module is awakened. At the moment, the control circuit of the smoke chamber feeds back the operating voltage and current of the shutter to the single chip microcomputer, and the voltage, current or digital quantity signals of the smoke sensor detection module are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer. The detector normally operates when the voltage, current or digital quantity signals meet the preset threshold range of normal operation in the single chip microcomputer, otherwise, the alarm output circuit outputs a fault signal.
(III) alarm judgment in the operation process of the detector
Referring to fig. 5, during the normal operation of the electrical fire monitoring detector, the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module collects the current pyrolytic ions N in real time, and when the number of the current pyrolytic ions is smaller than a preset threshold N (min) of the first pyrolytic ions in the single chip microcomputer, except that the shutter is periodically opened in the above-mentioned (second) stage, the shutter of the smoke chamber is always closed, and the smoke sensor detection module is in a dormant state. When the number of the pyrolysis ions collected by the single chip microcomputer is larger than or equal to a first pyrolysis ion preset threshold value N (min) in the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer gives a starting signal to the shutter control circuit, the shutter of the smoke chamber is opened, and meanwhile, the alarm output circuit outputs a fire early warning signal. And after the smoke sensor detection module is awakened, acquiring the current smoke concentration C in real time, and when the current smoke concentration is greater than or equal to a preset smoke threshold value C (max) in the single chip microcomputer and the number of pyrolytic ions is greater than or equal to a preset second pyrolytic ion threshold value N (max) in the single chip microcomputer, outputting a fire alarm signal by an alarm output circuit, and simultaneously cutting off a main power supply of the electrical equipment.
The smoke sensor does not work at ordinary times because the smoke sensor influences the detection result after being blocked by dust. The shutter is closed to ensure the smoke chamber to be clean. And opening the shutter to detect the smoke concentration only when the electrolytic ions reach the threshold value. The double detection and two-stage alarm mode can improve the detection precision while realizing the very early fire detection. In practical application, the smoke sensor detection module and the corresponding smoke chamber shutter and shutter control circuit can be eliminated, and only the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module and the corresponding pumping device and pumping control circuit are reserved. Meanwhile, when the detector is powered by a battery, the electrical fire monitoring detector can be used as an abnormal heating part of electrical equipment maintainers for searching. When the pyrolytic ion detector reaches N (min), a maintainer can carry the detector to search the maximum pyrolytic ion quantity N value, and when the maximum pyrolytic ion quantity N value is searched, the part is the abnormal heating part of the electrical equipment.
Claims (8)
1. An electrical fire monitoring detector is characterized by comprising a pyrolytic ion sensor detection module, an air pumping device, a pumping control circuit, a single chip microcomputer and an alarm output circuit, wherein the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module and the alarm output circuit are both connected with the single chip microcomputer; the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module and the air pumping device are arranged in the detector shell, and the pumping control circuit is used for controlling the air pumping device to be started according to the starting signal of the single chip microcomputer so as to suck air into the detector; the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module is used for detecting the quantity of electrolytic ions in the air in real time and storing the collected quantity of the electric ions in the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer is used for comparing the number of the collected electric ions with a preset pyrolysis ion threshold value, and when the early warning condition is met, the single chip microcomputer triggers the alarm output circuit to output a fire early warning signal.
2. An electrical fire monitoring detector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-alarm condition is that the number of collected ions is greater than or equal to a pre-set first pyrolytic ion threshold.
3. The electrical fire monitoring detector of claim 1, wherein the pumping control circuit is further configured to collect working voltage and current of the pumping device and feed back the working voltage and current to the single chip, the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module is further configured to transmit the working voltage and current to the single chip in real time, and the single chip determines whether the detector fails based on comparison between the working voltage and current and a corresponding preset threshold.
4. The electrical fire monitoring detector of claim 1, further comprising a smoke sensor detection module, a smoke chamber shutter, and a shutter control circuit, wherein the smoke sensor detection module is connected to the single chip microcomputer, and the smoke chamber shutter is connected to the single chip microcomputer through the shutter control circuit; the smoke sensor detection module is arranged in a cavity in the detector, the cavity is sealed by a smoke chamber shutter, the shutter control circuit is used for controlling the switching of the opening and the closing of the smoke chamber shutter under the instruction of the singlechip, and the smoke sensor detection module is awakened when the shutter is opened; the smoke sensor detection module is used for detecting smoke concentration and storing the collected smoke concentration in the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer is used for indicating the shutter control circuit to start the shutter when the early warning condition is met, comparing the collected smoke concentration with a preset smoke threshold value, triggering the alarm output circuit to output a fire alarm signal when the alarm condition is met, and cutting off a main power supply of the electrical equipment.
5. The electrical fire monitoring detector of claim 4, wherein the shutter control circuit is further configured to detect shutter operating voltage and current and feed back the shutter operating voltage and current to the single chip, the smoke sensor detection module transmits the operating voltage and current of the smoke sensor detection module to the single chip in real time in an awake state, and the single chip determines whether the detector fails based on a comparison between the operating voltage and current and a corresponding preset threshold.
6. An electrical fire monitoring detector as claimed in claim 4, wherein the alarm condition is a smoke concentration collected greater than or equal to a preset smoke threshold and a quantity of pyrolysis ions collected greater than or equal to a preset second pyrolysis ion threshold, wherein the second pyrolysis ion threshold is greater than the first pyrolysis ion threshold.
7. A method of alarming an electrical fire monitoring detector according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises: when the detector is powered on and works, the air pump suction device is controlled by the single chip microcomputer to be started, the sampled air flows through the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module, the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module detects the quantity of electrolytic ions in the air in real time and transmits the quantity to the single chip microcomputer to carry out comparison analysis, and when the detected quantity of the electrolytic ions exceeds a preset first pyrolytic ion threshold value, the alarm circuit outputs a fire early warning signal to prompt related personnel to carry out electrical equipment inspection.
8. The alarm method according to claim 7, further comprising: when the detected quantity of the electrolytic ions exceeds a preset first pyrolytic ion threshold value, the single chip microcomputer controls the smoke chamber shutter to be opened, sampled air flows into the smoke sensor detection module through the smoke chamber shutter, and when the smoke detection module detects that the smoke concentration exceeds the preset smoke threshold value and the pyrolytic ion sensor detection module detects that the quantity of the electrolytic ions exceeds a second pyrolytic ion threshold value, the alarm circuit outputs a fire alarm signal and cuts off a main power supply of the electrical equipment.
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| CN202011334590.3A CN112466084B (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Electrical fire monitoring detector and alarm method thereof |
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| CN202011334590.3A CN112466084B (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2020-11-25 | Electrical fire monitoring detector and alarm method thereof |
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| CN112466084A true CN112466084A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN112466084B CN112466084B (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113538838A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-22 | 应急管理部沈阳消防研究所 | Electrical fire monitoring method for identifying pyrolysis particle characteristics of cultural relics and buildings |
| CN117703242A (en) * | 2024-02-06 | 2024-03-15 | 四川名人居门窗有限公司 | System and system door for detecting fire smoke at door edge |
| CN117703242B (en) * | 2024-02-06 | 2024-05-10 | 四川名人居门窗有限公司 | System and system door for detecting fire smoke at door edge |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112466084B (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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