CN112449911A

CN112449911A - Rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening

Info

Publication number: CN112449911A
Application number: CN202011184713.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张佳琪; 张家兴; 谭德远; 王丽蓉
Original assignee: Beijing Durun Eco Environmental Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Durun Eco Environmental Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-30
Filing date: 2020-10-30
Publication date: 2021-03-09

Abstract

The invention relates to a rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening, which comprises a planting layer, a water supplementing unit and a drainage unit, wherein the planting layer, the water supplementing unit and the drainage unit are arranged in a planting container from top to bottom, the water supplementing unit comprises a rainwater collecting pool and a water supplementing channel, the rainwater collecting pool is mutually communicated with the water supplementing channel, the drainage unit comprises a ceramsite layer and a drainage filtering layer, a drainage pipe is vertically arranged between the drainage filtering layer and the bottom of the rainwater collecting pool, a moisture absorption cotton layer is arranged in the drainage pipe, and an overflow opening is formed in the side wall of the planting container at the joint of the rainwater collecting pool and the water supplementing channel. According to the invention, the rainwater collection tank is connected through the drainage pipe, and the drainage filter layer is arranged below the planting layer, so that the planting layer can absorb rainwater, the planting layer is prevented from accumulating water or losing water, vegetation growth is facilitated, the artificial management difficulty of a planted roof is reduced, and the effect of recycling rainwater is achieved.

Description

Rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening

Technical Field

The invention relates to a rainwater resource recycling system, in particular to a rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening.

Background

Rainwater collection is an important aspect of urban water environment improvement in cities, and roof greening opens up an ecologically feasible way for urban rainwater collection. A large area of hard impervious surfaces in cities causes a series of problems of large-scale urban rainwater discharge, groundwater level reduction and the like, the area of roofs in the cities accounts for about 30% of the hard surfaces of the whole cities, and planting roofs can absorb and collect partial rainwater, so that the urban rainwater is recycled, the rainwater discharge is slowed down, and the urban water environment is improved.

But prior art structural design is unreasonable, needs often moisturizing, and rainwater utilization efficiency is low. For example, a patent document of a new roof garden purification system with publication number CN 104975683 a discloses: the artificial wet land area rainwater collection device comprises a rainwater collection box, an artificial wet area, a water collection tank and a water outlet, wherein the artificial wet land area is positioned in the rainwater collection box, and rainwater is treated in the artificial wet area and then is discharged from the water outlet. Although the novel roof greening and purifying system utilizes the plants in the artificial wet area to treat rainwater, purify air and beautify the environment, the plants lack moisture under the environment of long-time drying, so that the plants must be additionally watered, and the rainwater is not well recycled.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening, which can fully utilize rainwater resources, aiming at the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening, the rainwater collecting and utilizing device comprises a planting layer, a water replenishing unit and a water discharging unit which are arranged in a planting container from top to bottom, the prism and the bottom of the planting container are both of double-layer hollow structures, the water replenishing unit comprises a rainwater collecting pool arranged at the bottom of the double-layer hollow structure of the planting container and a water replenishing channel arranged on the prism of the planting container, the rainwater collecting pool is communicated with the water replenishing channel, the drainage unit comprises a ceramsite layer arranged on the lower side of the planting layer and a drainage filtering layer arranged at the bottom of the inner layer of the planting container, the rainwater filter is characterized in that a drain pipe is vertically arranged between the drain filter layer and the bottom of the rainwater collecting pool, a moisture absorption cotton layer is arranged in the drain pipe, and an overflow gap is formed in the side wall of the planting container at the joint of the rainwater collecting pool and the water supplementing channel.

Preferably, the planting container is rectangular, the length, width and height specifications are 80 x 70cm, and the material is high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

Preferably, the rainwater collection pool has a length, width and height specification of 80, 10cm, and the water replenishing channel has a length, width and height specification of 5, 3, 70 cm.

Preferably, be equipped with the spacer of trompil in the moisturizing passageway, be equipped with the moisturizing filter layer on the spacer, moisturizing passageway top is equipped with the moisturizing and collects the hole.

Preferably, the drainage filter layer and the water replenishing filter layer are both paved by geotextile.

Preferably, the ceramsite layer is laid on the drainage filtering layer, and the thickness of the ceramsite layer is 200 mm; the ceramsite layer is formed by paving ceramsite with the particle size of 50-100 mm.

Preferably, the planting layer is formed by laying a light cultivation substrate, and the light cultivation substrate comprises 35-45 parts by weight of humus, 20-35 parts by weight of sawdust, 15-20 parts by weight of perlite and 15-20 parts by weight of wormcast.

Preferably, the material of the moisture absorption cotton layer is absorbent cotton, and the moisture absorption rate of the moisture absorption cotton layer is 20-30%.

Preferably, the drain pipes are uniformly arranged in the rainwater collection pool; the drain pipe is made of high-density polyethylene HDPE; the diameter of the drain pipe is 4cm, and the height of the drain pipe is 15 cm.

Preferably, a baffle extending downwards is arranged on the inner side of the overflow port, the overflow port is arranged at a position 30cm away from the bottom of the rainwater collection tank, and the diameter of the overflow port is 2 cm.

Preferably, the preparation method of the light cultivation substrate comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly stirring 35-45 parts by weight of fermented humus and 20-35 parts by weight of sawdust, granulating into a core substrate with the diameter of about 3mm by using a granulator, mixing the core substrate with 15-20 parts by weight of perlite and 15-20 parts by weight of wormcast, and uniformly stirring to obtain the light cultivation substrate.

Based on the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that:

the rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening is connected with the rainwater collecting pool through the drainage pipe, and the drainage filtering layer is arranged below the planting layer, so that the planting layer can absorb rainwater, the water accumulation or dehydration of the planting layer is prevented, vegetation growth is facilitated, the management difficulty of workers on a planted roof is reduced, and the effect of rainwater recycling is achieved. When the rain quantity is large in rainy days, the excessive water in the rainwater collection pool cannot be discharged, and the phenomenon of death of the roots of plants is caused. When the rainwater reaches a certain height, the overflow hole is connected with the sewage discharge pipe to discharge redundant rainwater, so that the normal growth of plants is ensured, and the survival rate is effectively improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rainwater collection and utilization device;

fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the rainwater collection and utilization device.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

The invention provides a rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening, which is shown in figures 1 and 2, wherein a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown.

Specifically, the rainwater is collected and is utilized device includes that top-down sets up planting layer 1, moisturizing unit, the drainage unit in planting the container, the prism and the bottom of planting the container are double-deck hollow structure, the moisturizing unit is including setting up at the rainwater collecting pit 8 of planting the double-deck hollow structure bottom of container and setting up at the prismatic moisturizing passageway 5 of planting the container, rainwater collecting pit 8 communicates with moisturizing passageway 5 each other, the drainage unit is including setting up the haydite layer 2 of planting layer 1 downside is in with the setting the drainage filter layer 3 of planting container inlayer bottom, the vertical drain pipe 4 that is equipped with between drainage filter layer 3 and the rainwater collecting pit 8 bottom, be equipped with the cotton layer of moisture absorption in the drain pipe 4, be equipped with gap 7 on the planting container lateral wall of rainwater collecting pit 8 and moisturizing passageway 5 handing-over department.

As shown in fig. 1, the rainwater collection and utilization device comprises a planting container, wherein a planting layer 1, a water replenishing unit and a water draining unit are arranged in the planting container from top to bottom in sequence. The water replenishing unit comprises a rainwater collecting pool 8 and a water replenishing channel 5 which are communicated with each other; the drainage unit comprises a drainage filter layer 3 and a ceramsite layer 2, wherein the drainage filter layer 3 covers the upper part of the rainwater collecting pool 8, and the ceramsite layer 2 is laid on the drainage filter layer 3. Evenly be provided with vertical arrangement and inside drain pipe 4 that is equipped with the cotton layer of moisture absorption in the rainwater collecting pit 8, drain pipe 4 one end extends to in the drainage filter layer 3. The overflow gap 7 is arranged on the side wall of the planting container at the joint of the rainwater collecting pool 8 and the water supplementing channel 5. The bottom of the planting container is connected with a rainwater collecting tank 8 through a drain pipe 4. Set up drainage filter layer 3 through planting 1 below in the layer, make and plant layer 1 and reach the function of absorbing the rainwater, prevent to plant 1 ponding in layer or the desiccation, help the vegetation to grow, reduce the artifical management degree of difficulty to planting the roofing, reach rainwater cyclic utilization's effect.

Preferably, the planting container is rectangular, the length, width and height specifications are 80 x 70cm, and the material is high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The high-density polyethylene HDPE material is non-toxic, tasteless and odorless white particles, has a melting point of 130 ℃ and a relative density of 0.946-0.976 g/cm³Has good heat resistance and cold resistance, and better environmental stress cracking resistance.

The water replenishing unit comprises a rainwater collecting pool 8 arranged at the bottom of the double-layer hollow structure of the planting container and a water replenishing channel 5 arranged on the prism of the planting container, and the two are communicated with each other. At least one water replenishing channel 5 is arranged on the inner wall of each prism of the planting container. The length, width and height of the rainwater collecting pool 8 are 80, 80 and 10cm, and the length, width and height of the water replenishing channel 5 are 5, 3 and 70 cm.

Preferably, the drainage filter layer 3 and the water replenishing filter layer 6 are both paved by geotextile. Geotextile is also called geotextile, which is a water permeable geosynthetic material formed by needling or weaving synthetic fibers, has corrosion resistance, and can resist corrosion for a long time in soil and water with different pH values. Good water permeability and gaps among the fibers, thereby having good water seepage performance.

In order to solve the problems of heavy load of the roof garden substrate, unsatisfactory water and fertilizer retention effects and the like, the invention provides the light cultivation substrate with light weight and good water and fertilizer retention effects according to the characteristics of the rainwater collection and utilization device.

The planting layer is formed by laying a light cultivation substrate, and the light cultivation substrate comprises 35-45 parts by weight of humus, 20-35 parts by weight of sawdust, 15-20 parts by weight of perlite and 15-20 parts by weight of wormcast. Further, the preparation method of the light cultivation substrate comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly stirring 35-45 parts by weight of fermented humus and 20-35 parts by weight of sawdust, granulating into a core substrate with the diameter of about 3mm by using a granulator, mixing the core substrate with 15-20 parts by weight of perlite and 15-20 parts by weight of wormcast, and uniformly stirring to obtain the light cultivation substrate.

The preparation method of the fermented humus soil comprises the following steps, S1: collecting deciduous or coniferous trees, weeds and the like, and piling the deciduous or coniferous trees in the rectangular pit; s2: fully mixing the sewage and the garden soil for fermentation; s3: stirring and mashing, sieving, distilling at high temperature, sterilizing, and using. Good air permeability, meeting the growth requirement of root systems and having better water and fertilizer retention capacity.

The method for preparing fermented sawdust comprises the following steps, S1: pouring raw wood chips into a plastic box; s2: pouring fermentation powder for fermentation, uniformly stirring, placing the mixture at a place with a higher temperature, and stirring once for 2-3 days until the taste of the wood chips disappears; s3: after fermentation, the mixture is dried in the sun to be black brown. The fermented sawdust is light, breathable, water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining.

The perlite accounts for 15 to 20 parts by weight, is formed by burning and expanding siliceous volcano at 1200 ℃, is white, light, good in granular air permeability, moderate in water content and stable in chemical property, has the grain diameter of about 1.5 to 4mm and the volume weight of 0.13 to 0.16g/cm³. The wormcast has good porosity, air permeability, water drainage and high water-holding capacity, and has the capacity of absorbing and maintaining nutrient substances.

The light cultivation medium disclosed by the invention contains rich organic matters, nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus, trace elements and rich water, has good water and fertilizer retention performance, can meet the nutrient requirement and water requirement of greening roof plants for a long time, can reduce water for artificial maintenance and irrigation, and reduces greening cost and maintenance cost, and more importantly, the light cultivation medium is light in weight, greatly reduces the weight of a rainwater collecting and utilizing device, can obviously reduce roof load, and does not influence building structures.

Further, be equipped with the spacer of trompil on the position that is close to moisturizing collection hole 9 in moisturizing passageway 5, be equipped with moisturizing filter layer 6 on the spacer, can prevent that foul from blockking up moisturizing passageway 5, the change of moisturizing filter layer 6 of can also being convenient for. As shown in fig. 2, the top of the water replenishing channel 5 is provided with a water replenishing collecting hole 9, and rainwater enters the water replenishing channel 5 through the water replenishing collecting hole 9 and then enters the rainwater collecting tank 8 through the water replenishing filter layer 6. The water replenishing filter layer 6 utilizes the good water permeability and air permeability of the geotextile to enable water flow to pass through, effectively intercept soil particles, fine sand, small stones and the like so as to prevent silting and keep normal flow.

The ceramsite layer 2 is laid on the drainage filter layer 3, and the thickness of the ceramsite layer is 200 mm; the ceramsite layer 2 is formed by paving ceramsite with the particle size of 50-100 mm. Rainwater is filtered to the drainage filtering layer 3 through the vegetation layer, the nutrient soil and the ceramsite layer 2, and the effect of primary filtering is achieved. The rainwater permeates to planting layer 1 through drain pipe 4, drainage filter layer 3, haydite layer 2, plays secondary filter's effect, can keep apart plant roots effectively and grow to drainage filter layer 3, has the effect of hindering the root. The surface and the inside of the ceramsite are provided with a plurality of small holes, so that the ceramsite has the capabilities of being difficult to evaporate and saving water and nutrients. The ceramsite has strong air permeability, can be well put into storage, has heat preservation and insulation performance, can stably adjust the growth temperature of plants, and has the internal structure characteristic of fine honeycomb micropores, so that the ceramsite is light in weight, and the weight of a roof is effectively reduced.

The absorbent cotton is attached to the inside of the drain pipe 4, is functional fiber, is made of absorbent cotton, is light yellow, is non-toxic and free of stimulation taste, and has a moisture absorption rate of 20-30%. Evenly be provided with vertical arrangement and inside drain pipe 4 that is equipped with the cotton of moisture absorption in the rainwater collecting pit 8. The material of the drain pipe 4 is high-density polyethylene HDPE, and the diameter of the drain pipe 4 is 4cm, and the height of the drain pipe 4 is 15 cm. The drain pipe 4 can permeate rainwater into the drainage filter layer 3 through the moisture absorption cotton effectively, the drainage filter layer 3 prevents loss of particles, and meanwhile, redundant moisture is removed to enter the planting layer 1, so that a good moisture absorption effect is achieved.

The overflow hole is arranged on the inner wall of the container and communicated with the ceramsite layer, and has a diameter of 2cm and a height of 30 cm. When the rainwater is in continuous rainy days, the rainwater quantity is large, and the rainwater collecting pool is too much in water quantity and cannot be discharged, so that the phenomenon of death of the rotten roots of the plants is caused. When the rainwater reaches a certain height, the overflow hole is connected with the sewage discharge pipe to discharge redundant rainwater, so that the normal growth of plants is ensured, and the survival rate is effectively improved.

Furthermore, an overflow gap 7 is arranged on the side wall of the planting container at the joint of the rainwater collecting pool 8 and the water supplementing channel 5. Preferably, the position of the overflow gap 7 is arranged at a position 30cm away from the bottom of the rainwater collection tank 8, and the diameter of the overflow gap 7 is 2 cm. The inner side of the overflow opening 7 is provided with a baffle extending downwards, and the baffle is arranged, so that rainwater flowing down in the water supplementing channel 5 cannot directly flow out of the overflow opening 7, and the overflow effect is not influenced.

When the rain is continuous in rainy days, the rainwater quantity is large, and the rainwater collecting pool 8 cannot discharge too much water, so that the phenomenon of death of the rotten roots of the plants is caused. Through setting up gap 7, reach the take the altitude when the rainwater, gap 7 is connected the sewage pipes and can be discharged unnecessary rainwater, guarantees the plant normal growth, effectively improves the survival rate.

The rainwater collecting and utilizing device for roof greening is connected with the rainwater collecting pool through the drainage pipe, and the drainage filtering layer is arranged below the planting layer, so that the planting layer can absorb rainwater, the water accumulation or dehydration of the planting layer is prevented, vegetation growth is facilitated, the management difficulty of workers on a planted roof is reduced, and the effect of rainwater recycling is achieved. Prevent the dead phenomenon of rotten root of plant that the rainwater collecting pit water yield was too much and can't be discharged and lead to when the rainwater yield was big. When the rainwater reaches a certain height, the overflow hole is connected with the sewage discharge pipe to discharge redundant rainwater, so that the normal growth of plants is ensured, and the survival rate is effectively improved.

Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rainwater is collected and is utilized device for roof greening which characterized in that: the rainwater collecting and utilizing device comprises a planting layer (1), a water supplementing unit and a water discharging unit which are arranged in a planting container from top to bottom, the prism and the bottom of the planting container are both of double-layer hollow structures, the water replenishing unit comprises a rainwater collecting pool (8) arranged at the bottom of the double-layer hollow structure of the planting container and a water replenishing channel (5) arranged on the prism of the planting container, the rainwater collecting pool (8) is communicated with the water replenishing channel (5), the drainage unit comprises a ceramsite layer (2) arranged on the lower side of the planting layer (1) and a drainage filter layer (3) arranged at the bottom of the inner layer of the planting container, a drain pipe (4) is vertically arranged between the drainage filter layer (3) and the bottom of the rainwater collecting tank (8), be equipped with the cotton layer of moisture absorption in drain pipe (4), be equipped with gap (7) on the planting container lateral wall of rainwater collecting pit (8) and moisturizing passageway (5) handing-over department.

2. A rainwater collection and utilization unit according to claim 1, characterised in that: the planting container is rectangular, the length, width and height specifications are 80, 80 and 70cm, and the material is high-density polyethylene HDPE.

3. A rainwater collection and utilization unit according to claim 1, characterised in that: the length, width and height of the rainwater collecting pool (8) are 80 cm, 80 cm and 10cm, and the length, width and height of the water replenishing channel (5) are 5cm, 3 cm and 70 cm.

4. A rainwater collection and utilization unit according to claim 1, characterised in that: be equipped with the spacer of trompil in moisturizing passageway (5), be equipped with moisturizing filter layer (6) on the spacer, moisturizing passageway (5) top is equipped with moisturizing collection hole (9).

5. A rainwater collection and utilization unit according to claim 1, characterised in that: the planting layer (1) is formed by laying a light cultivation substrate, and the light cultivation substrate comprises 35-45 parts by weight of humus, 20-35 parts by weight of sawdust, 15-20 parts by weight of perlite and 15-20 parts by weight of wormcast.

6. A rainwater harvesting and utilizing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the drainage filter layer (3) and the water replenishing filter layer (6) are both formed by laying geotextile; the ceramsite layer (2) is laid on the drainage filter layer (3) and has the thickness of 200 mm; the ceramsite layer (2) is formed by paving ceramsite with the particle size of 50-100 mm.

7. A rainwater collection and utilization unit according to claim 1, characterised in that: the material of the moisture absorption cotton layer is absorbent cotton, and the moisture absorption rate of the moisture absorption cotton layer is 20-30%.

8. A rainwater collecting and utilizing unit according to claim 1, wherein: the drain pipes (4) are uniformly arranged in the rainwater collecting tank (8); the drain pipe (4) is made of high-density polyethylene HDPE; the diameter of the drain pipe (4) is 4cm, and the height of the drain pipe is 15 cm.

9. A rainwater collection and utilization unit according to claim 1, characterised in that: the inner side of the overflow opening (7) is provided with a baffle extending downwards, the position of the overflow opening (7) is arranged at a position 30cm away from the bottom of the rainwater collecting tank (8), and the diameter of the overflow opening (7) is 2 cm.

10. A rainwater collection and utilization unit according to claim 1, characterised in that: the preparation method of the light cultivation substrate comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly stirring 35-45 parts by weight of fermented humus and 20-35 parts by weight of sawdust, granulating into a core substrate with the diameter of about 3mm by using a granulator, mixing the core substrate with 15-20 parts by weight of perlite and 15-20 parts by weight of wormcast, and uniformly stirring to obtain the light cultivation substrate.