CN112449780B

CN112449780B - Subsoiling and fertilizing device

Info

Publication number: CN112449780B
Application number: CN202011356320.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔丽丽; 侯云鹏; 王立春; 尹彩侠; 张磊; 赵胤凯; 李前; 孙博; 秦裕波; 王蒙
Original assignee: Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2020-11-27
Filing date: 2020-11-27
Publication date: 2021-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-27
Also published as: CN112449780A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilization equipment, in particular to a deep loosening and fertilizing device which comprises a tractor, wherein a traction plate is fixedly arranged at the tail of the tractor, a deep loosening mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the tractor and comprises a U-shaped frame, the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the end part of the traction plate, side plates are fixedly arranged at two ends of the bottom of the U-shaped frame, a movable seat is arranged between the two side plates, two guide rods are arranged between the two side plates and respectively penetrate through two ends of the movable seat, a connecting rod penetrates through the side plates and is fixedly connected with a screw rod, a rotary table is fixedly arranged at the end part of the connecting rod, slide ways are fixedly arranged at two ends of the bottom of the movable seat, a support plate is arranged at the bottom end of the movable seat, slide blocks are fixedly arranged at two ends of the support plate, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the movable seat, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, and a plurality of deep loosening devices which are arranged at equal intervals are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the support plate; through setting up the subsoiler and construct, the upper and lower height and the left and right sides position of adjustable subsoiler.

Description

Subsoiling and fertilizing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilization equipment, in particular to a deep scarification fertilization device.

Background

The deep-loosening soil is also called soil deep loosening, and refers to a farming technology for loosening soil, breaking a plough bottom layer, improving a plough layer structure, and enhancing the water storage and soil moisture conservation and drought and waterlogging resistance of soil by using a tractor to pull a deep-loosening machine tool. The development of deep scarification land operation is beneficial to the growth of crops, and is one of important means for improving the yield of the crops.

The existing subsoiling, fertilizing and seeding machine can realize combined operation of subsoiling, seeding, fertilizing and the like, has high working efficiency, and due to the consideration of improving the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, the existing layered fertilizing method specifically applies slow-acting fertilizers to the bottom layer or the middle layer of soil in combination with deep ploughing and deep ploughing, and applies quick-acting fertilizers to the upper layer of the soil, and the fertilizing amount of the upper layer is more than that of the bottom layer or the middle layer, so the existing subsoiling and fertilizing device does not have the layered fertilizing function, and meanwhile, the position of a subsoiler of the subsoiling and fertilizing device needs to be adjusted according to the field situation, while the position of the existing subsoiler cannot be adjusted, and the subsoiling and fertilizing device is provided for the people.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the position of a subsoiler of a subsoiling and fertilizing device cannot be adjusted in the prior art, and provides the subsoiling and fertilizing device.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a deep loosening fertilizing device is designed, comprising a tractor, wherein a traction plate is fixedly installed at the tail part of the tractor, a deep loosening mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the tractor and comprises a U-shaped frame, the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the end part of the traction plate, side plates are fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of the U-shaped frame, a movable seat is arranged between the two side plates, two guide rods are arranged between the two side plates and respectively penetrate through both ends of the movable seat, both ends of the guide rods are respectively and fixedly connected on the side plates at both sides, a screw rod is arranged between the two side plates and penetrates through the movable seat and is in threaded connection with the movable seat, both ends of the screw rod are respectively and rotatably installed on the side plates at both sides, a connecting rod is arranged on the side plate at one side and penetrates through the side plates and is fixedly connected with the screw rod, and a rotary table is fixedly installed at the end part of the connecting rod, the utility model discloses a subsoiler, including support plate, sliding seat, movable seat bottom, support plate, the equal fixed mounting in both ends has the slide, the movable seat bottom both ends are equipped with the support plate, the equal fixed mounting in both ends has the slider on the support plate, the slider slides respectively and sets up in the slide, movable seat bottom fixed mounting has the pneumatic cylinder, the output fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder is at the support plate top, support plate bottom fixed mounting has the subsoiler of a plurality of equidistant settings.

Preferably, the tractor is a crawler tractor, and a damping mechanism is arranged in the tractor.

Preferably, the rotating handle is fixedly installed on the rotating disk, and the outer sleeve of the rotating handle is provided with an anti-skidding sleeve.

Preferably, the subsoiler is a pickaxe type subsoiler, and a hardened coating is arranged on the surface of the subsoiler.

Preferably, the sliding seat bottom is equipped with two sets of wheel components, and is two sets of wheel components are located the both sides of support plate respectively, wheel components includes vertical connecting plate, vertical connecting plate upper end fixed mounting is in the sliding seat bottom, the gyro wheel is installed to vertical connecting plate bottom end portion.

Preferably, a fertilizing mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the deep scarification mechanism.

Preferably, the fertilizing mechanism comprises a plurality of equally-distributed workbins, a connecting transverse plate is arranged between every two adjacent workbins, two ends of the connecting transverse plate are fixedly connected to the workbins respectively, inclined plates are fixedly mounted on the tops of the connecting transverse plates, one ends of the inclined plates are fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame, partition plates are arranged in the workbins, the partition plates are fixedly connected to the inside of the workbins, a vertical pipe is arranged on one side of the bottom end of each workbin, the upper end of the vertical pipe is closed, the lower end of each vertical pipe is opened, a first horizontal pipeline is communicated with the vertical pipe, a second horizontal pipeline is communicated with the vertical pipe and located below the first horizontal pipeline, a first discharging pipe is communicated with one side of the bottom of each workbin, a second discharging pipe is communicated with the other side of the bottom of each workbin, the other side of each workbin is communicated with the corresponding first horizontal pipeline, the other side of the bottom of each workbin is communicated with the corresponding second discharging pipe, a first conveying screw is rotatably installed in the first transverse pipeline, a second conveying screw is rotatably installed in the second transverse pipeline, a first rotating shaft is rotatably installed at one end of the first transverse pipeline, the first rotating shaft penetrates through the first transverse pipeline and is fixedly connected with the first conveying screw, a first belt pulley is fixedly installed at the end part of the first rotating shaft, a supporting plate is fixedly installed at the outer side of the material box, a second rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the supporting plate, a second belt pulley is fixedly installed on the second rotating shaft, the second belt pulley and the first belt pulley are in transmission through a first belt, a first gear is fixedly installed at the end part of the second rotating shaft, a third rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the supporting plate, a second gear is fixedly installed on the third rotating shaft, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, and the number of teeth of the second gear is more than that of the first gear, the rotatable fourth pivot of installing of horizontal pipeline one end of second, the fourth pivot run through the horizontal pipeline of second and with second conveyor screw fixed connection, the equal fixed mounting of fourth pivot and third pivot tip has the third belt pulley, two through second belt drive between the third belt pulley, fixed mounting has the motor in the backup pad, the output shaft of motor run through the backup pad and with third pivot fixed connection.

The invention provides a deep scarification and fertilization device, which has the beneficial effects that: the upper height, the lower height, the left position and the right position of the subsoiler can be adjusted by arranging the subsoiler, the connecting rod and the screw rod can be driven to rotate by rotating the rotating handle on the rotary table, so that the movable seat can move along the guide rod, the left position and the right position of the subsoiler can be adjusted, and the support plate can be driven to move up and down along the slideway by the hydraulic cylinder, so that the upper height and the lower height of the subsoiler can be adjusted; through setting up fertilizing mechanism, the fertilizer volume that first conveyor screw transported is greater than the volume of transporting of second conveyor screw, and the fertilizer on upper strata is quick-acting fertilizer, and the fertilizer on lower floor is slow-acting fertilizer to realize the layering fertilization function.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a subsoiling and fertilizing apparatus provided by the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a subsoiling mechanism of the subsoiling and fertilizing apparatus provided by the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the position of a material box of the deep scarification fertilization device.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view I of a material box and a first transverse pipeline of the deep scarification and fertilization device.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view II of the bin and the first transverse pipeline of the subsoiling and fertilizing device provided by the invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a tractor 1, a traction plate 2, a U-shaped frame 3, a side plate 4, a movable seat 5, a guide rod 6, a screw rod 7, a connecting rod 8, a rotary table 9, a rotary handle 10, a slide rail 11, a carrier plate 12, a slide block 13, a hydraulic cylinder 14, a subsoiler 15, a vertical connecting plate 16, a roller 17, a bin 18, a connecting transverse plate 19, an inclined plate 20, a partition plate 21, a vertical pipe 22, a first transverse pipeline 23, a second transverse pipeline 24, a first discharge pipe 25, a second discharge pipe 26, a first conveying screw 27, a second conveying screw 28, a first rotating shaft 29, a first belt pulley 30, a supporting plate 31, a second rotating shaft 32, a second belt pulley 33, a first belt 34, a first gear 35, a third rotating shaft 36, a second gear 37, a fourth rotating shaft 38, a third belt pulley 39, a second belt 40 and a motor 41.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-5, a deep loosening fertilizing apparatus comprises a towing vehicle 1, a traction plate 2 is fixedly mounted at the tail of the towing vehicle 1, a deep loosening mechanism is arranged at the rear side of the towing vehicle 1 and comprises a U-shaped frame 3, the U-shaped frame 3 is fixedly connected with the end portion of the traction plate 2, side plates 4 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the bottom of the U-shaped frame 3, a movable seat 5 is arranged between the two side plates 4, two guide rods 6 are arranged between the two side plates 4, the two guide rods 6 respectively penetrate through both ends of the movable seat 5, both ends of the guide rods 6 are respectively fixedly connected to the side plates 4 at both sides, a screw rod 7 is arranged between the two side plates 4, the screw rod 7 penetrates through the movable seat 5 and is in threaded connection with the movable seat 5, both ends of the screw rod 7 are respectively rotatably mounted on the side plates 4 at both sides, a connecting rod 8 is arranged on the side plate 4 at one side, the connecting rod 8 penetrates through the side plates 4 and is fixedly connected with the screw rod 7, 8 tip fixed mounting of connecting rod has carousel 9, the equal fixed mounting in 5 bottom both ends of sliding seat has slide 11, 5 bottom of sliding seat is equipped with support plate 12, the equal fixed mounting in both ends has slider 13 on support plate 12, slider 13 slides respectively and sets up in

slide

11, 5 bottom fixed mounting of sliding seat has pneumatic cylinder 14, the output end fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder 14 is at 12 tops of support plate, 12 bottom fixed mounting of support plate has a plurality of equidistant subsoilers 15 that set up. Through setting up the subsoiling mechanism, the upper and lower height and the left and right positions of adjustable subsoiler 15 rotate turning handle 10 on carousel 9 and can drive connecting rod 8, lead screw 7 and rotate to sliding seat 5 can remove along guide bar 6, thereby adjusts the left and right positions of subsoiler 15, and support plate 12 can be driven along the reciprocating motion of slide 11 direction in the work of pneumatic cylinder 14, thereby adjusts the upper and lower height of subsoiler 15.

Tractor 1 is crawler-type tractor, and tractor 1 embeds damper, fixed mounting has turning handle 10 on the carousel 9, 10 overcoat of turning handle is equipped with anti-skidding cover, subsoiler 15 is the pick formula subsoiler, subsoiler 15 surface is equipped with the sclerosis cladding material, 5 bottoms of sliding seat are equipped with two sets of wheel components, two sets of wheel components are located the both sides of support plate 12 respectively, wheel component includes

vertical connecting plate

16, 16 upper ends fixed mounting of vertical connecting plate are in 5 bottoms of sliding seat, gyro wheel 17 is installed to 16 bottom portions of vertical connecting plate. The roller assemblies can be used for supporting the deep loosening mechanism, so that the deep loosening mechanism is prevented from sinking due to long-term work.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 1-5, as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the difference from embodiment 1 is that a fertilizing mechanism is disposed at the rear side of the subsoiling mechanism, the fertilizing mechanism includes a plurality of bins 18 distributed at equal intervals, a connecting cross plate 19 is disposed between two adjacent bins 18, two ends of the connecting cross plate 19 are respectively and fixedly connected to the bins 18, an inclined plate 20 is fixedly mounted on the top of the connecting cross plate 19, one end of the inclined plate 20 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 3, a partition plate 21 is disposed in the bin 18, the partition plate 21 is fixedly connected to the bin 18, a vertical pipe 22 is disposed at one side of the bottom end of the bin 18, the upper end of the vertical pipe 22 is closed, the lower end of the vertical pipe 22 is open, a first horizontal pipe 23 is communicated with the vertical pipe 22, a second horizontal pipe 24 is communicated with the vertical pipe 22, the second horizontal pipe 24 is disposed below the first horizontal pipe 23, a first discharging pipe 25 is communicated with one side of the bottom of the bin 18, the first discharging pipe 25 is communicated with the first horizontal pipe 23, the other side of the bottom of the material box 18 is communicated with a second discharging pipe 26, the second discharging pipe 26 is communicated with a second transverse pipeline 24, a first conveying screw 27 is rotatably arranged in the first transverse pipeline 23, a second conveying screw 28 is rotatably arranged in the second transverse pipeline 24, a first rotating shaft 29 is rotatably arranged at one end of the first transverse pipeline 23, the first rotating shaft 29 penetrates through the first transverse pipeline 23 and is fixedly connected with the first conveying screw 27, a first belt pulley 30 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the first rotating shaft 29, a supporting plate 31 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the material box 18, a second rotating shaft 32 is rotatably arranged on the supporting plate 31, a second belt pulley 33 is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft 32, the second belt pulley 33 is in transmission with the first belt pulley 30 through a first belt 34, a first gear 35 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the second rotating shaft 32, a third rotating shaft 36 is rotatably arranged on the supporting plate 31, fixed mounting has second gear 37 on the third pivot 36, second gear 37 and the meshing of first gear 35, the number of teeth of second gear 37 is more than the number of teeth of first gear 35, rotatable fourth pivot 38 of installing of second horizontal pipeline 24 one end, fourth pivot 38 run through second horizontal pipeline 24 and with second conveying screw 28 fixed connection, fourth pivot 38 and the equal fixed mounting of third pivot 36 tip have third belt pulley 39, pass through the transmission of second belt 40 between two third belt pulleys 39, fixed mounting has motor 41 on the backup pad 31, the output shaft of motor 41 runs through backup pad 31 and with third pivot 36 fixed connection.

By arranging the fertilizing mechanism, two compartments in the bin 18 are filled with different types of fertilizers, when the device is used for fertilizing, the motor 41 is started and works intermittently, the motor 41 drives the third rotating shaft 36 to rotate, the two third belt pulleys 39 are driven by the second belt 40, so that the fourth rotating shaft 38 rotates synchronously with the second conveying screw 28 in the second transverse pipeline 24, meanwhile, the second gear 37 is accelerated to drive the first gear 35, so that the first gear 35, the second rotating shaft 32 and the second belt pulley 33 are integrally arranged, so that the second belt pulley 33 rotates and drives the first belt pulley 30 to rotate by the first belt 34, so that the first conveying screw 27, the first rotating shaft 29 and the first belt pulley 30 rotate synchronously, the rotating speed of the first conveying screw 27 is greater than that of the second conveying screw 28, wherein the specifications of the first transverse pipeline 23 and the second transverse pipeline 24 are consistent, the specifications of the first conveying screw 27 and the second conveying screw 28 are consistent, and the rotating speed of the first conveying screw 27 is greater than that of the second conveying screw 28, so that the fertilizer amount conveyed by the first conveying screw 27 is greater than that of the second conveying screw 28, namely, the fertilizer amount of the upper layer is greater than that of the middle and lower layers, the fertilizer of the upper layer is quick-acting fertilizer, the fertilizer of the lower layer is slow-acting fertilizer, the fertilizer of the upper layer is discharged from the first discharge pipe 25, and the fertilizer of the lower layer is discharged from the second discharge pipe 26.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The deep scarification fertilizer application device comprises a tractor (1) and is characterized in that a traction plate (2) is fixedly mounted at the tail of the tractor (1), a deep scarification mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the tractor (1), the deep scarification mechanism comprises a U-shaped frame (3), the U-shaped frame (3) is fixedly connected with the end portion of the traction plate (2), side plates (4) are fixedly mounted at the two ends of the bottom of the U-shaped frame (3), a movable seat (5) is arranged between the two side plates (4), two guide rods (6) are arranged between the two side plates (4), the two guide rods (6) respectively penetrate through the two ends of the movable seat (5), the two ends of each guide rod (6) are respectively and fixedly connected to the side plates (4) at the two sides, a screw rod (7) is arranged between the two side plates (4), the screw rod (7) penetrates through the movable seat (5) and is in threaded connection with the movable seat (5), two ends of the screw rod (7) are respectively and rotatably arranged on the side plates (4) at two sides, a connecting rod (8) is arranged on the side plate (4) at one side, the connecting rod (8) penetrates through the side plate (4) and is fixedly connected with the screw rod (7), the end part of the connecting rod (8) is fixedly provided with a turntable (9), both ends of the bottom of the movable seat (5) are fixedly provided with slideways (11), a carrier plate (12) is arranged at the bottom end of the movable seat (5), sliding blocks (13) are fixedly arranged at both ends of the carrier plate (12), the sliding blocks (13) are respectively arranged in the slide ways (11) in a sliding way, the bottom of the movable seat (5) is fixedly provided with a hydraulic cylinder (14), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the carrier plate (12), a plurality of subsoilers (15) which are arranged at equal intervals are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the carrier plate (12);

the subsoiling mechanism rear side is equipped with fertilizing mechanism, fertilizing mechanism includes workbin (18) that a plurality of equidistance distribute, adjacent two be equipped with between workbin (18) and connect diaphragm (19), it is fixed connection respectively on workbin (18) to connect diaphragm (19) both ends, it has swash plate (20) to connect equal fixed mounting in diaphragm (19) top, swash plate (20) one end fixed connection is on U-shaped frame (3), be equipped with interlayer board (21) in workbin (18), interlayer board (21) fixed connection is in workbin (18), workbin (18) bottom one side is equipped with standpipe (22), standpipe (22) upper end seals the lower extreme opening, the intercommunication has first horizontal pipeline (23) on standpipe (22), the intercommunication has second horizontal pipeline (24) on standpipe (22), second horizontal pipeline (24) are located first horizontal pipeline (23) below, workbin (18) bottom one side intercommunication has first discharging pipe (25), first discharging pipe (25) and first horizontal pipeline (23) intercommunication, workbin (18) bottom opposite side intercommunication has second discharging pipe (26), second discharging pipe (26) and second horizontal pipeline (24) intercommunication, rotatable first conveying screw (27) of installing in first horizontal pipeline (23), rotatable second conveying screw (28) of installing in second horizontal pipeline (24), rotatable first pivot (29) of installing of first horizontal pipeline (23) one end, first pivot (29) run through first horizontal pipeline (23) and with first conveying screw (27) fixed connection, first pivot (29) tip fixed mounting has first belt pulley (30), workbin (18) outside fixed mounting has backup pad (31), rotatable second pivot (32) of installing on backup pad (31), fixed mounting has second belt pulley (33) on second pivot (32), through first belt (34) transmission between second belt pulley (33) and first belt pulley (30), second pivot (32) tip fixed mounting has first gear (35), rotatable third pivot (36) of installing on backup pad (31), fixed mounting has second gear (37) on third pivot (36), second gear (37) and first gear (35) meshing, the number of teeth of second gear (37) is more than the number of teeth of first gear (35), rotatable fourth pivot (38) of installing of horizontal pipeline (24) one end of second, fourth pivot (38) run through horizontal pipeline (24) of second and carry screw (28) fixed connection with the second, fourth pivot (38) and third pivot (36) tip equal fixed mounting have third belt pulley (39), two through second belt (40) transmission between third belt pulley (39), fixed mounting has motor (41) on backup pad (31), the output shaft of motor (41) run through backup pad (31) and with third pivot (36) fixed connection.

2. Subsoiling and fertilizing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said tractor (1) is a crawler tractor and in that said tractor (1) incorporates a shock-absorbing mechanism.

3. A subsoiling and fertilizing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a rotating handle (10) is fixedly mounted on said rotating disk (9), said rotating handle (10) being provided with an anti-slip cover.

4. Subsoiling and fertilizing apparatus as in claim 1, characterized in that said subsoiler (15) is a pick-type subsoiler, said subsoiler (15) being provided with a hardened coating on its surface.

5. The subsoiling fertilizer application device of claim 1, wherein two sets of roller assemblies are arranged at the bottom end of the movable seat (5), the two sets of roller assemblies are respectively positioned at two sides of the carrier plate (12), the roller assemblies comprise vertical connecting plates (16), the upper ends of the vertical connecting plates (16) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable seat (5), and rollers (17) are installed at the bottom ends of the vertical connecting plates (16).